Joplin Green Complete Streets 101

7/28/2019 Joplin Green Complete Streets 101

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Green Complete Streets 101

David DoyleU.S. Environmental Protection Agency

6/11/13 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency


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U.S. Population Growth and Land Consumption

U.S. Population Growth and Land Consumption, 1982-2027


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Expansion with Little Population Growth

U.S. Census 1950

1,389,582 pop.

U.S. Census 2002

1,393,978 pop.

Cuyahoga Co Land Use Maps Cuyahoga County, Ohio, Planning Commission


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Some Call this Phenomenon Sprawl

A form of urbanization distinguished

by leapfrog patterns of development,commercial strips, low density,

separated land uses, automobile

dominance and a minimum of public

open space.Oliver Gillham, The Limitless City

(Washington, DC: Island Press, 2002)


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Abandoned Cities


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Abandoned Suburbs


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Large Lot Development in Rural Areas


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Since 1990, GHG emissions

from personal vehicles have

risen 14% and emissions fromtrucks have risen 74%*

Buildings and transportation

together account for about 2/3

of U.S. GHG emissions.**

*FHWA Highway Statistics Series

**US EPA 2009 Inventory of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks

Air Quality Impacts of Land Use

* Source: US EPA Greenhouse Gas Inventory, April 2012

** Source: US EPA 2009 Inventory of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks


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More than 70% of

urban water bodiesare polluted.

Dispersed

development producesalmost 50% more

stormwater runoff than

compact development.



Water Quality Impacts of Land Use


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Habitat destruction

is the main factorthreatening 80% or

more of the

species listed

under theEndangered

Species Act.

Habitat Impacts of Land Use




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Fiscal: Expensive for services and

infrastructure

Health: Reduced physical activity, high

rates of obesity and related diseases

Social: Race and class segregation, loss

of the public realm

Environmental: Land and resource

consumption, air and water pollution,

climate change

Why Should We Care?


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What is a Sustainable Community?

A sustainable community is an urban, suburban or rural

community that has more housing and transportationchoices, is closer to jobs, shops or schools, is more

energy independent and helps protect clean air and

water.

Sustainable development approaches can help

communities become more sustainable.


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Benefits of Sustainable Development

ApproachesReduce emissions

An EPA-funded study found that more compact development could

reduce CO2 emissions by 18-24% by 2050.*

Reduce water demand

Households use 60% of the public water supply in the U.S, but green

building practices can reduce household water use by 20%.

Improve water quality

Reduction in impermeable surfaces lessens runoff and improves

water quality and addresses flash flooding.

* Source: Urban Land Institute, Moving Cooler, July 2009.


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6/21/2013 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 17


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Green Complete Street DefinitionsA street right-of-way that, through a variety of

design and operational treatments, gives priority

to pedestrian circulation and open space over

other transportation uses.

A street that uses natural processes to manage

runoff at its source.

Green streets enrich the city streets by adding

lushness and color...help clean the air and cool

the city, while providing food and habitat for

migratory birds and pollinators.


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Whats wrong with this?League of American Bicyclists


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Or this?League of American Bicyclists


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Streets Are Inadequate

One quarterof walkingtrips take place on roadswithout sidewalks orshoulders.

Bike lanes are availablefor only about 5% ofbicycle trips.



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Streets Are

Inadequate

Too dangerous to

cross on foot..



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Streets Are

Inadequate

Uninviting for bus

riders



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Streets Are

Inadequate

Inaccessible for

wheelchair

users



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Streets Are

Inadequate

Theres no room

for people!



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Unmet Needs/Opportunities There are 56 million

walking trips in the U.S.everyday.

One in ten households donot own an automobile.

1/3 of the population do notdrive an automobile.

About one in ten trips aremade by foot or bicycle

already.



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What Pedestrians Need:Lowervolumes of motor vehicle traffic moving at slow

speeds, sidewalks, separation from traffic.

League of American Bicyclists


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SPACE!

Lack of adequate space creates hazards for bicyclists and

motorists

What Bicyclists Need:



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Green Complete Streets Goals

Promote a safe walkable &bikeable community

Enhance the pedestrian &bicyclist experience

Close gaps in activetransportation network fortransit, bikes, and

pedestrians Reduce pollution and

congestion on roadways


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Green Complete Streets Goals (cont.)

Use of green infrastructure (GI)to address stormwatermanagement needs:

GI supplements existingstormwater managementfacilities.

Reduces stormwaterinfrastructure and treatmentcosts.

Improves public spaceaesthetics.


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Features of Green Complete Streets

Accessible sidewalks

Ramps

Crosswalks

Signalization

Mid-street refuge

medians

Transit shelters



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Features of Green Complete Streets(cont.)

Street lights

Furnishings Signage

Street trees

Curb bump outs

Roundabouts



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Features of Green Complete Streets

(cont)

Vehicular lanes of

varying widths Parking

Bus lanes

Bicycle lanes

Road diet



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Features ofGreen Complete Streets(cont.)

Native vegetation

Curb cuts

Rain garden

Rainwater harvesting

Permeable pavement



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Benefits of Green Complete Streets

Social

Improve public safety and health

Provide access to all and mobility options

Strengthen community, connect neighbors

EconomicImprove access to places of work, school, etc.

Reduce fuel and road construction costs

Attract and retain business and workforce

Environmental

Improve air quality, reduce emissionsMitigate urban heat island effect

Improve water quality, reduce stormwater runoff



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R d di


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Road diet



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Road diet



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Road diet



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The key to everything is patience.

You get the chicken by hatching the egg,

not by smashing it.

Arnold H. Glasow



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Questions?

Comments?



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Contact Information

David Doyle

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

913-551-7667

[email protected]

6/21/2013 U S Environmental Protection Agency 57
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

Joplin Green Complete Streets 101

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