Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

44
Unparticle Physics Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Uni Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.102

Transcript of Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

Page 1: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

Unparticle Physics

Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ.

16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ.

Based on JPL,1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020

Page 2: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

2

Outlook

•Unparticles Brief

•Flat higher dim’l decon-

struction

•Ungravity

•Fractional eXtra Dimension

(FXD)

•Unparticle and Bs-anti Bs

•Conclusions

Page 3: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

3

UNPARTICLES

Page 4: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

4

Unparticles U: Basic Idea H. Georgi, PRL98; PLB650

SM Sec-tor

Scale Inv.

Sector

Weakly interacting

Particles with definite masses

NO particles With definite nonzero masses

Unpar-ticle!

Page 5: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

5

Effective Theory for Uenergy

MU

LU

BZ

SM

Dimensionaltransmutation

Scale inv. emerges.

MW; EWSB; scale inv. breaking

Banks-Zaks(BZ) The-oryMassless fermionic gauge theoryWith an infrared-stable fixed point.

matching

Page 6: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

6

Phase Space of UProduction Cross Section

Phase Space

Page 7: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

7

Spectral FunctionTwo-point function

Spectral density functionFixed by scale inv.

Normalization factorUnparticles with dU look like a Non-integral number of massless particles.

Page 8: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

8

Propagators of UGrinstein, Intriligator, Rothstein, PLB662

Cheung, Keung, Yuan, PRD76

Scalar Unparticle Propagator

Vector Unparticle Propagator

Page 9: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

9

Scale Invariance BreakingFox, Rajaraman, Shirman,, PRD76

scale invariance breaking

“Good Correspondence”

m0 : rU reduces to the usual Unparticle spectral function

dU1 : the corresponding propagator is a free particle propagator of mass m.

Page 10: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

10

U-production via t->U+uInteraction Lagrangian

Phase spaces

Page 11: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

11

Decay rate distribution

Page 12: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

12

HIGHER DIMEN-SIONAL

DECONSTRUCTION

Page 13: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

13

What is "Deconstruction"?Stephanov, PRD76

Philosophy

lim S D 0

Unparti-cles

particles with mass gap D

continuous sum for unparticles

Page 14: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

14

How to deconstructAssume that the scale invariance is slightly broken;

continuous l discrete l

In general,

Matching in the limit D-->0

Spectral function

Propagator

Page 15: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

15

Flat Higher Dim'l DescriptionMassless field Lagrangian in 4+d dim

Kk mode expansion

Page 16: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

16

Scale Invariance BreakingJPL, PRD 79

Massive Lagrangian

Massive propagator

Page 17: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

17

Spectral Function Shifted

Page 18: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

18

UNGRAVITY &EXTRA DIMENSION

Page 19: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

19

Ungravity by tensor unparticlesGoldberg & Nath, PRL 100

Newtonian gravity modified

Tensor unparticle interaction

Page 20: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

20

Ungravity = Fractional eXtra Dim(FXD)

Basic Idea

lim S D 0

Unparti-cle

parti-cles with mass gap D

KK sum overExtra dim.

2dU-1 N+1

Page 21: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

21

Ungravity BasicsUngravity Lagrangian

Spectral Function

Two-Point Function

Page 22: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

22

Ungravity PropagatorUngravity Propagator

Tensor Structure Grinstein, Intriligator, Rothstein, PLB662

Page 23: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

23

Deconstructing Ungravity

for massive graviton

Tensor Operator Decomposed

Matching

Tensor Structure for Deconstructed states

Deconstructed Ungravity

(polarization tensor)

JPL, 0911.5382

Page 24: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

24

Gravity in AdS(4+N)Arkani-Hamed et al., PRL 84

AdS(4+N) metric

KK Decomposition

Reparametrizaion

for which

Page 25: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

25

Newtonian Gravity ModifiedNewtonian Potential

Page 26: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

26

Ungravity=?AdS(4+N)

Page 27: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

27

Ungravity = (4+N)D Gravity(4+N)-dim’l Gravity

Proposition

JPL, 0911.5382

Page 28: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

28

Some RemarksIntermediate States Have Vanishing Mass?

Does Fn Satisfy the Matching Condition?

Newtonian Potential Modification

For large L>>r

Page 29: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

29

RELATED ISSUES

Page 30: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

30

U-enhanced black hole

Schwarzschild radius

Schwarzschild metric

Newtonian gravity modified

Geometric BH cross section

~10-5 fm for typical parameters

Mureika, PLB660

Page 31: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

31

Vector U and UngravityMureika, Spallucci

arXiv:1006.4556

(Bm : baryon current)

Vector Unparticle Interaction

“repulsive contribution”

Page 32: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

32

Extremal Black Hole

Extremal Condition

(1)M>Me : Massive object. Two-horizon BH.(2)M=Me : Critical object. Single horizon. Extremal BH.(3)M<Me : “naked-singularity”

Horizons

As M goes down, the two horizons approach to each other.

Inner & outerHorizons exist.

Page 33: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

33

Hawking Temperature

cf) Hawking temp. for Schwarzschild BH in D-dim

Weak coupling phase

Strong coupling phase

Page 34: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

34

Z+graviton/U production @LHCAsk,

EPJC(2009)60

Invariant mass spectrum of U Dense KK tower of large XD

Page 35: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

35

UNPARTICLE AND BS-ANTI BS

Page 36: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

36

Basics of B-anti B mixing

Page 37: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

37

U-contribution to Bs-anti Bs

Scalar and vector unparticle couplings

s- and t-channel contribution at tree level

Page 38: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

38

Tree level calculation

Page 39: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

39

U-contribution parametrization

Page 40: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

40

Discussions

Unitarity constraint

In the literature, people usually put

dS =dV

But this is NOT true.

fS is suppressedby a factor of

fV is suppressed by

Page 41: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

41

Phase

suppressed

positive definite

cf)

Unparticles cannot explain the positive fsD

Page 42: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

42

Allowed regionJPL, 1009.1730

Page 43: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

43

Contour for different cS

degree

Page 44: Jong-Phil Lee Yonsei Univ. 16 Nov 2010, Yonsei Univ. Based on JPL, 1009.1730; 0911.5382;0901.1020.

44

Conclusions

•Unparticles of spin 2 produce ungravity.

•Ungravity modifies the Newtonian gravitational potential.

•Ungravity physics is realized in AdS(4+N)-dim’l gravity.

•Ungravity can be understood in the context of fractional extra dimensions.

•Scalar unparticles contribute predominantly to the Bs-(anti Bs) mixing, and can naturally explain its negative phase.

•The LHC might see evidences of unparticles.