Joint Research Centre - European Parliament chronology_Isp… · cycle) EEPR ... In-depth...
Transcript of Joint Research Centre - European Parliament chronology_Isp… · cycle) EEPR ... In-depth...
The European Commission’s
science and knowledge service
Joint Research Centre
PEMS/RDE chronology
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
Passenger cars
and
Light Duty
Vehicles
Motorcycles
Heavy Duty
Vehicles
(On/Off-road)
Fuels
Emission standards
EURO 5
EURO 6
Beyond EURO 6
CO2 emissions
certification procedure,
eco-innovation
Emission standards
EURO 3
EURO 4
EURO 5
Emission standards
EURO VI
CO2 emissions
• Monitoring tool (VECTO)
NRMM
• Stage V
Fuel Quality Directive review
Biofuels
Sustainability criteria
ILUC
Alternative fuels
•Well to Wheels analysis
Inside EU DGs, EP, MS
Outside EU UN-ECE (GRPE)
WLTP (harmonized test
procedure)
EVE (environment related
aspects for electric vehicles)
PMP (Particles from
vehicles)
WMTC (harmonized test
cycle)
EEPR (harmonization of test
procedures for L-category
vehicles)
WHDC (harmonized test
procedure)
NRMM GTR
Sustainable transport – VELA
International
Collaborations
US-EPA
US-DOE
California
CARB
VEEC
China
NTSEL
Japan
Korea
CH Bafu
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
Late 90-ties:
o First independent vehicle emission laboratory to support policy development
– Vela 1 inaugurated in 2000 by Commissioner Busquin
o Research initially focussed on particulate emissions
Critical ambient PM levels in many countries – strong
political pressure to reduce PM emissions
2000-2005:
o LDV: In collaboration with UNECE PMP and Member States, JRC develops a
particle number limit to force the use of Diesel Particulate Filters (Euro 5)
o HDV: The JRC leads the PEMS Pilot programme with the objective to develop
an in-service conformity test procedure based on on-road
measurements
JRC’s Contribution to Emission Legislation
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
o All new LD and HD on-road diesel engines are equipped with DPFs –
about 30 million applications with DPFs
o Thanks to DPFs PM emissions have been effectively reduced - Post-DPF
PN vehicle emissions levels are often lower than in the intake air
o New Diesel Technology vs. Old Diesel – Health Effect Institute (HEI)
report ACES (presentation at Int. Summit US-EPA, EU, Brazil, Canada, Japan – April
2016)
• Dramatic reductions of emissions: 98% in mass; 90%-99% in ultrafine
particles – Most cancer-causing chemicals now below “limits of detection”
• No evidence of lung cancer
Particle Number standard: a success story
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
• 2005:
o Air quality data shows improvements in NO2 concentration lower than
expected - Increasing attention on real-driving emissions
o The JRC, among the first in the world, starts exploring the use of PEMS to
monitor emission of light duty vehicles (Administrative Arrangement DG
ENV-JRC signed in August 2005)
• March 2007:
• Start of experimental programme with on-road tests on Euro 3 and 4
light-duty vehicles
• Focus on diesel vehicles due to NO2 air quality problems
• SAE Journal publications of first PEMS experiences at JRC in 2007 and
2009
Development of the RDE Legislation
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
• June 2009: First on-road test of a Euro 5 light-duty vehicle
• April 2010: End of experimental campaign with a total of 12
Euro 3-5 light-duty diesel and gasoline vehicles tested
• September 2010: First EC internal discussion (JRC-ENV-
ENTR)
• November 2010: Presentation at the workshop “Approach on
Emission Legislation” with MS and stakeholders
• 1st half 2011: Publication of full JRC report
Development of the RDE Legislation
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
• January 2011: Kick-off meeting of the RDE WG (NOx, CO, CO2)
• 2011: RDE WG discuss four candidate procedures: • Complementary fixed driving cycles • Emissions modelling • Random driving cycles (ACEA) • PEMS on-road testing (JRC)
• 2011 and 2012: In-depth evaluation of random test cycles and PEMS on-road testing
• October 2012: Dedicated Task Force of RDE WG proposes PEMS on-road testing as regulatory RDE procedure
• February 2013: MS represented in the RDE WG decide to develop PEMS on-road testing as regulatory procedure; publication of the JRC report summarizing the assessment of the candidate test procedures
Development of the RDE Legislation
Notes on referenced publications: First half of 2011: Publication of summary results as JRC report and peer-reviewed article. • Weiss, M., Bonnel, P. Hummel, R., Manfredi, U., Colombo, R., Lanappe, G., Le Lijour, P., Sculati, M. (2011):
Analyzing on-road emissions of light-duty vehicles with Portable Emission Measurement Systems (PEMS). JRC Scientific and Technical Reports JRC 62639, EUR 24697 EN, Ispra, Italy.
• Weiss, M., Bonnel, P., Hummel, R., Provenza, A., Manfredi, U. (2011): On-road emissions of light-duty vehicles in Europe. Environmental Science & Technology 45, pp. 8575–8581.
Second half of 2011: First on-road tests of a Euro 6 vehicle at JRC; (Europe-wide first) publication of test results in 2012. • Weiss, M., Bonnel, P., Provenza, A., Lambrecht, U., Alessandrini, S., Carriero, M., Colombo, R., Forni, F., Kühlwein, J., Lanappe, G., Le Lijour, P., Manfredi, U.,
Montigny, F., Sculati, M. (2012): Will Euro 6 reduce the NOX emissions of new diesel cars? Preliminary conclusions from on-road emissions tests with Portable Emission Measurement Systems (PEMS). Atmospheric Environment 62, pp. 657-665.
First half of 2013: JRC summarised the evaluation of the RDE candidate procedures in a report. • Weiss, M., Bonnel, P., Hummel, R., Steininger, N. (2013): A complementary emissions test for light-duty vehicles: Assessing the technical feasibility of candidate
procedures. JRC Scientific and Policy Report. Report EUR 25572 EN. Ispra, Italy.
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
• October 2012: Set-up of a dedicated Task Force on the RDE data evaluation -
Assessment of three methods:
• Speed-binning (proposed by TNO)
• Moving averaging window analysis (proposed by JRC)
• Power-binning (proposed by TU Graz)
• 2013-2014: Development and assessment of Moving averaging windows (JRC)
and Power-binning (TU Graz) in meetings of the RDE Data Evaluation Task
Force; speed binning abandoned
• June 2014: Establishment of a Drafting Group chaired by JRC to draft the
technical specifications (measurement principles, technical requirements,
accuracy,…) of PEMS for RDE purposes (1st package RDE)
Development of the RDE Legislation
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
• Nov. 2014: Completion of the first of four regulatory RDE packages after
some 30 meeting of the RDE working group, 20 meetings of the RDE task
force, and 5 meetings of the drafting group (see complementary slides)
• February 2015: Start of the work on the 2nd RDE package
• May 2015: Adoption of 1st RDE package by the Technical Committee on
Motor Vehicles (TCMV)
• May-Oct. 2015: JRC contributes to the technical analysis of driving
dynamicity, elevation gain, PEMS measurement uncertainty; co-drafting
of the 2nd RDE package
Development of the RDE Legislation
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
• October 2015: Adoption of 2nd RDE package by TCMV
• January 2016: Start of the work on the 3rd RDE package:
• PN conformity factor and technical specifications for PN-PEMS
• Provisions for cold-start emissions
• Testing of (plug-in) hybrid vehicles
• Provisions for periodically regenerating after-treatment systems
• June 2016: DG GROW presents first draft proposal to RDE stakeholders;
drafting of the regulatory text starts in July 2016
• End 2016-2017: Start of the work on the 4th RDE package specifying
provisions for in-service conformity testing and EU market surveillance
• 2017-2018: Foreseen review of RDE procedure by JRC
Development of the RDE Legislation
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
• April 2013: First meeting of the Working Group on mobile
particle number measurements (PN-PEMS)
• Oct.-Dec. 2013: First JRC assessment of the measurement
performance of PN-PEMS concluding that the measurement of
particle number emissions on the road is technically feasible
• Nov. – Dec. 2014: 2nd PN-PEMS experimental campaign at JRC
concluding that both condensation particle counters and diffusion
charging instruments are technically feasible
• December 2014: Start of the drafting of the technical
specifications of PN-PEMS for RDE purposes
• Sept.2015-Jan 2016: PN-PEMS inter-laboratory comparison
exercise coordinated by JRC
Development of the RDE Legislation – On-road measurement of particle number
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
• MoU with: (2003-2008)
• US-EPA
• CAL-CARB
• China VECC
• Japan NTSEL
• Korea
International collaborations: A long history
• LoI with Argonne
National Laboratory
(Signed:2011)
• MoU with VECC-China
(Signed: 30/06/2016) • Collaboration Agreement
with US-DOE
(Signed:02/06/2016)
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
United Nations – Economic Commission for Europe
• Chairmanship of the NRMM GTR (2001-2009)
• Chairmanship of the Particle Measurement Programme (PMP) IWG
• Chairmanship of the EEPR (harmonization of emission procedures for
motorcycles)
• Essential contribution to WLTP (harmonized test procedure for passenger
cars) and other IWGs
International collaborations: JRC’s role
Key recent and future international events
• Inauguration of the ANL Interoperability Centre (Chicago, July 2013)
• Inauguration of the JRC Interoperability Centre with First International
Symposium on Interoperability (Ispra, October 2015)
• 1st International Summit on Vehicle Emissions Compliance Testing and
Enforcement (Ann Arborn, USA, April 2016)
• 2nd International Summit on Vehicle Emissions Compliance Testing and
Enforcement (Ispra, 22-23 September 2016)
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.
This document should not be considered as representative of the Commission’s official position.