John Adams’ Presidency - Mr. Kawecki's AP U.S. History...
Transcript of John Adams’ Presidency - Mr. Kawecki's AP U.S. History...
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John Adams’ Presidency
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Election of 1796
►Adams wins by 3 Electoral Votes over Jefferson
►Jefferson becomes Vice President under Constitutional Rule (changed with the 12th
Amendment)
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XYZ Affair
► American’s are angry over U.S. ships being seized by French
► Adams sends delegates over – meet with French Ministers called “X, Y, and Z” to protect their anonymity
► X, Y, and Z request bribes for negotiating. This info makes the newspapers, many call for war against France
► Hamilton hopes that war will happen so U.S. can get French and Spanish lands
► Adams resists, says military is not strong enough. Uses this event to raise taxes to build up military
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Alien and Sedition Acts
►Public anger against French gives Federalists an advantage
►Adams passes
-Naturalization Act – increase from 5-14 years for immigrants to get citizenship
-Alien Act – President can deport any “dangerous” aliens in time of war
-Sedition Act – Illegal for newspaper editors to criticize President or Congress
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Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
►Democratic-Republicans argue Alien & Sedition Acts are against the 1st Amendment / (No Judicial Review yet)
► Kentucky takes Jefferson’s resolution and Virginia takes Madison’s resolution stating states entered into a compact in forming National government, so if federal act violates compact, states can nullify law
►Crisis fades because federalists lose majority in Congress and John Marshall asserts Judicial power is the deciding factor of constitutionality of laws
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Election of 1800
►Called the “Revolution of 1800”
►Peaceful transition of power from one party to another
►Federalist to Democratic-Republicans
►Jefferson becomes President