JOB SAFETY ANALYSISPSSA SAFETY TRAINING 2015PRESENTED BY SUE MAAS, CHMM

ARGUS PACIFIC, INC.

WWW.ARGUSPACIFIC.COM

SUEMAAS@ARGUSPACIFIC.COM

WHAT IS A JSA?(a.k.a. Job Hazard Analysis or Job Risk Analysis)

A Safety version of the “7 Ps”: Prior Proper Planning Prevents Piss Poor Performance! Pre-examining & pre-planning a job acitivity

in order to do it safely

Communication of JSA to/motivation of crew to use process

Flexible process for simple to complex jobs

Important to get management commitment

OSHA JHA (a.k.a. JSA) DEFINITION

A job hazard analysis is a technique that focuses on job tasks as a way to identify hazards before they occur

It focuses on the relationship between the worker, the task, the tools and the work environment

Ideally, after you identify uncontrolled hazards, you will take steps to eliminate or reduce them to an acceptable risk level

Not same thing as an SOP

JSAs are useful for ANY activity 24/7, such as having a safe & successful fishing adventure…

JSA MAIN PARTS

Define job: Understand tasks/steps of job & conditions at time of job

Identify/evaluate hazards of each task Determine controls for each task hazard:

Engineering controls Administrative controls Work practices PPE

LEVELS OF JSA

INFORMAL (mental or conversational; not documented) Lower risk/more simple & routine activities

FORMAL (documented) Higher risk/more complex activities

INFORMAL JSA For frequent & lower risk/simple tasks Worker(s) think/talk things through; not usually written

procedures Similar to Tool box talks/tailgate safety meetings Job requires typically only 1-2 workers The worker(s) doing the job perform the JSA No approvals needed; supervisor not necessary Worker(s) mentally/verbally outline task & estimate risk When: just before job is done Where: near/at location of job Record-keeping not required

FORMAL JSA More complex job with multiple & detailed tasks Higher risk tasks May be larger crew; all should have input Documented; records kept Supervisor oversees JSA development; approval

required More formalized risk assessment/ranking process Conducted in advance to allow planning/creation of form May be repeated just before job is carried out

FORMAL OR INFORMAL JSA? Hand-carrying boxes of stores through

passageways/ladderways

Painting or chipping in open air

Routine housekeeping- mopping deck

Chipping paint in an enclosed or confined space

Fueling operations

Changing air conditioner filter

Welding guardrail onto moored barge in icy conditions

Welding in enclosed or confined space

*INFORMAL

*INFORMAL

*INFORMAL

FORMAL

FORMAL

*INFORMAL

FORMAL

FORMAL

*Workers should have option of formal JSA if higher risks assessed or risks are uncertain

IF INFORMAL JSA IS ENOUGH… What are the tasks?

Understood by all Workers have necessary

experience/comfortable w/ job

What are possible hazards? Work area conditions, lighting, location,

weather, etc Equipment/tools to be used/condition of People nearby affected 360: look up, down, around Everyone gives input

Who will do what? What equipment will be used/hazard controls?

Tools/equipment PPE Exposure monitoring if needed Barricades/barriers Communication

IF INFORMAL JSA IS ENOUGH (Cont’d)

SO, YOU NEED A FORMAL JSA…WHAT DO YOU NEED TO KNOW?

1. WHAT IS THE JOB (WHAT ARE TASKS)? What specific steps/tasks make up the job? What are the risks of each task (qualitative judgement)? Who will perform the tasks? Does everyone understand tasks? Need any training? When will each task be done (time of day, weather

/environmental limitations, etc)? What kind of tools and equipment will be needed? What kind of communication (radios, etc) will be needed?

FORMAL JSA:

Types of hazards: Exposures (chemicals, gases,

noise, UV, radiation, etc)

Slips, trips, falls

Electrical

Struck-by/caught-between

Heavy equipment

Cuts

Sprains/strains

Biological

Environmental (heat and cold, visibility)

Other jobs/activities nearby that affect workers/tasks

What are the risks of each task?

Rank the risks Do any tasks need their own

JSA??

2. WHAT ARE THE HAZARDS FOR EACH TASK?

SAMPLE TASKS & HAZARDS

RANKING RISKS OF EACH HAZARD2. Evaluate each hazard’s risk

Qualitative judgement, for example: Severe High Moderate Low

Re-assess rankings after controls selected

FORMAL JSA3. HOW WILL THE HAZARDS BE CONTROLLED?

Engineering controls: focus on managing hazard at the source:

Can it be eliminated?

Isolate

Contain

Ventilate

Is equipment available & in good condition?

Does everyone know how to use equipment?

Does the engineering control present its own hazards?

IMPORTANT: double-check each control’s effectiveness after implementation – JSA is on-going

FORMAL JSA

3. HOW WILL THE HAZARDS BE CONTROLLED? (Cont’d) Administrative controls: focus on managing

people Policies & procedures

Training

Scheduling

Work zones

Communication system

Do you have enough people?

Do they all understand the work and any hazards?

Is everyone ready to do job (physically & mentally)?

FORMAL JSA

3. HOW WILL THE HAZARDS BE CONTROLLED? (Cont’d) Work practices: tools and techniques to deal with

hazard What tools are needed?

What hazards are created by tools/activity?

Are there alternative methods/tools that are safer?

FORMAL JSA

3. HOW WILL THE HAZARDS BE CONTROLLED? (Cont’d) PPE: personal protective equipment to protect

against exposure to hazard: Head

Eyes

Hearing

Respiratory

Hands

Feet

Body

FORMAL JSA

Once controls are implemented, does everything work the way it should?

Do the controls reduce the risk to the acceptable level (ranking)?

Does this job REALLY need to be done? Have workers/supervisors involved sign their

part of form JSA documentation supports development of

SOPs

JSA FOR HOT WORK WITH LEAD PAINT

Tasks/steps Hazards Controls

JSA FOR HOT WORK WITH LEAD PAINT Tasks/steps Hazards Controls

JSA FOR HOT WORK WITH LEAD PAINT

Tasks/steps Hazards Controls

CLOSING THOUGHTS ABOUT JSAs JSA practice is more effective if:

Management is supportive, communicates commitment to JSA process consistently!

All affected workers are involved in the process:‘the whole is greater than sum of parts…’each worker has a unique perspective to contribute to

JSA’s being as complete as possibleKeeps workers engaged- directly impacts their safety

Process should be balanced between covering enough detail without being burdensome

MORE RESOURCESOSHA JHA Publication: https://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3071.pdf

OSHA JHA Detailed form: https://

www.osha.gov/dte/grant_materials/fy10/sh-21009-10/Detailed_Project_Hazard_Form.pdf

OSHA Shipyard Employment eTool https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/shipyard/standard/health_hazard

s.html

WA Labor & Industries JHA info:

http://www.lni.wa.gov/safety/topics/atoz/jha/

ABS (American Bureau of Shipping) Job Safety Analysis For The Marine and Offshore Industries http://ww2.eagle.org/content/dam/eagle/rules-and-guides/current/o

ther/198_jobsafetyanalysis/jsa_gn_e.pdf