Job Design and Job Analysis
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Transcript of Job Design and Job Analysis
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Job Analysis &
Job DesignPaul L. Schumann, Ph.D.
2011 by Paul L. Schumann. All rights reserved.
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Work-Flow Analysis
Work Output
What is the work output of a work unit?
What are the work standards?
Work Processes & Activities
What tasks are necessary?
Work Inputs What raw materials, equipment, andhuman KSAOs are needed?
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Organization Structure
Dimensions of Structure
Degree of Centralization
Centralized
Decentralized
Method of Departmentalization
Departments based on functional similarity
Departments based on work-flow similarity
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Organization Structure
Structural Configurations
Functional Structure
High centralization
Departments based on business functions
Divisional Structure
Low centralization
Departments based on work-flow
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Job Analysis
Job Descriptions
Tasks, duties, and responsibilities(TDRs)
Job Specifications
Qualifications
Knowledge, skills, abilities, and other
characteristics (KSAOs)
Might combine job description & jobspec into one document for each job
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Job Analysis
Some examples of job descriptions
Restaurant Manager http://krypton.mnsu.edu/~schumann/www/teach/sample_job_descrip.pdf
Store Manager http://corporate.burlingtoncoatfactory.com/employment/job_storemgr.shtml
http://krypton.mnsu.edu/~schumann/www/teach/sample_job_descrip.pdfhttp://corporate.burlingtoncoatfactory.com/employment/job_storemgr.shtmlhttp://corporate.burlingtoncoatfactory.com/employment/job_storemgr.shtmlhttp://krypton.mnsu.edu/~schumann/www/teach/sample_job_descrip.pdf -
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Job Analysis
Format of each task statement First word or phrase: What action is being
performed? Present-tense verb: Supervise
Next word or phrase: To whom or what isthe action performed? Object of verb: operation of bar
Last phrase: Additional information to maximize profitability, minimize legal
liability, and conform to alcoholic beverageregulations
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Job Analysis
Uses of Job Analysis
Job redesign
Selection
Training and development
Performance appraisal
Pay
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Job Analysis
Sources of information
Job incumbents
Supervisors
Other sources
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Job Analysis
Methods
Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ)
O*Net: http://www.onetonline.org/
Others
Do it yourself
Other standardized questionnaires
Professional & Managerial Position Questionnaire(PMPQ)
Others
http://www.onetonline.org/http://www.onetonline.org/ -
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Job Design & Job Redesign
Mechanistic approach
Task specialization
Skill simplification
Repetition
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Job Design & Job Redesign
Motivational approach
Job Characteristics Model (Hackman &Oldham)
Job characteristics: (1) Skill variety, (2)Task identity, (3) Task significance, (4)Autonomy, & (5) Feedback
Implementation
Job enlargement
Job enrichment
Self-managing teams
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Job Design & Job Redesign
Biological approach
Ergonomics
Redesign equipment to better fit the human
body Redesign work and work processes
Perceptual-motor approach
Redesign jobs to better fit humancognitive capabilities
