;jf]{Rr cbfnt a'n]l6g - Supreme Court of Nepal · 36]sf] s'/fdf ljjfb gx'Fbf–gx'Fb} klg ;f] 36gf...

11111

;jf]{Rr cbfnt a'n]l6g;jf]{Rr cbfnt a'n]l6g;jf]{Rr cbfnt a'n]l6g;jf]{Rr cbfnt a'n]l6g;jf]{Rr cbfnt a'n]l6g @)^^, c;f/ ! k"0ff {@)^^, c;f/ ! k"0ff {@)^^, c;f/ ! k"0ff {@)^^, c;f/ ! k"0ff {@)^^, c;f/ ! k"0ff {Í $)& $)& $)& $)& $)&

k"0f{ Ohnf;k"0f{ Ohnf;k"0f{ Ohnf;k"0f{ Ohnf;k"0f{ Ohnf;

!!!!!

df=Gof=>L /fdk|;fb >]i7, df=Gof= >L an/fd s]=;L=

/ df=Gof=>L uf}/L 9sfn, ;Dat\ @)^! ;fnsf]b]=k'=O=g+= #^, rng ;d]t, uf]kfn dfgGw/ lj=xl/s[i0fsf] d'=;=ug]{ a'4s[i0f dxh{g

s'g} d'2fdf s'g} kIfn] Ps cfk;dfd'2f u/L xf/hLt u/]sf] sf/0faf6 t];|f] kIfsf]xslxtdf c;/ kg{ uPsf] /x]5 eg] c;/ kg]{kIfn] To;nfO{ ab/ u/fpg sfg"gL dfu{sf]cjnDjg ug{;Sg] .

d'2f clGtd eP/ /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;f]d'2fn] :yflkt u/]sf] tYodf k|efj kg]{ u/L jf ;f]d'2faf6 ;[lh{t ePsf] clwsf/nfO{ lg:t]ht'Nofpg] u/L jf]Ng gldNg] .

jfbLn] p7fpFb} gp7fPsf] ljifodf c=a+=!#( g+= adf]lhd k|ltjfbL ;/x sfod x'g cfPsfJolQmn] lnPsf] bfjLsf cfwf/df Gofolg?k0fug]{ xf] eg] d'2fdf lg?k0f ug'{kg]{ ljifout;Ldf s] slt x'g] eGg] s'/f g} clglZrt x'ghfg] .Ohnf; clws[tM s[i0f/fd sf]O/fnfOlt ;Dat\ @)^^ h]7 @! ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

@ =@ =@ =@ =@ =

df=Gof=>L /fdk|;fb >]i7, df=Gof= >L bfdf]b/k|;fb

zdf{ / df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, kmf}=k'=O=g+=@)^%–CF–))!@, st{Jo Hofg, g]kfn ;/sf/lj=cho /fO{ ;d]t

s]jn cleof]u nufpg'dfq s;"/ :yflktug]{ cfwf/ x'g ;Sb}g, cleof]u k|dfl0ft ug]{ bfloTj

klg jfbL kIfn] jxg ug'{k5{ . kmf}hbf/L d'2fdfz+sfsf] e/df s;}nfO{ s;"/bf/ 7x¥ofpg gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM pd]z sf]O/fnfOlt ;Dat\ @)^^ c;f/ $ ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

;+o'Qm Ohnf;;+o'Qm Ohnf;;+o'Qm Ohnf;;+o'Qm Ohnf;;+o'Qm Ohnf;

! =! =! =! =! =

sf=d'=;DdfggLo k|wfgGofofwLz >L cg"k/fhsf=d'=;DdfggLo k|wfgGofofwLz >L cg"k/fhsf=d'=;DdfggLo k|wfgGofofwLz >L cg"k/fhsf=d'=;DdfggLo k|wfgGofofwLz >L cg"k/fhsf=d'=;DdfggLo k|wfgGofofwLz >L cg"k/fh

zdf { / df=Gof= >L cjw]zs'df/ ofbj,zdf { / df=Gof= >L cjw]zs'df/ ofbj,zdf { / df=Gof= >L cjw]zs'df/ ofbj,zdf { / df=Gof= >L cjw]zs'df/ ofbj,zdf { / df=Gof= >L cjw]zs'df/ ofbj,

kmf}=k'=g+= )^%–CR–)@*#, v'g 8fFsf, cd[ts'df/u'?Ë lj= ljz] vjf;

k]z x'g cfPsf k|df0fx¿n] bfjL k|dfl0ftug{] x}l;ot u|x0f ug{ ;Sg] cfwf/ b]lvb}g . 36gfePsf] tYo k'li6 x'Fb}df cleo'Qmsf] s;"/ k|dfl0ftx'Fb}g . 36gfsf] tYo / To;df ;+nUg /x]sfJolQmx¿ eg]sf km/s–km/s s'/f x'g\ . s'g36gfdf s;sf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] 5 eGg] s'/f;Fu};+nUgtfsf] dfqf klg hf]l8P/ cfpF5 . 36gf36]sf] s'/fdf ljjfb gx'Fbf–gx'Fb} klg ;f] 36gf36]sf] tTsfnkl5 lbOPsf] hfx]/L b/vf:t /df}sfdf sfuh ug{] JolQmsf] egfOdf ck/fwug{] JolQm :ki6 gePsf] cj:yfdf 36gf 36]sf]nfdf] cjlw JotLt eO;s]kl5 k/]sf] hfx]/L /df}sfdf sfuh ug{] JolQmsf] jskqdf JolQmls6fg ul/Psf] eGg]dfq cfwf/df s;}nfO{ s;"/bf/7x¥ofpg gldNg] . df}lvs k|df0f hlxn] klg k|ToIfx'g'k5{, c:ki6 / clgZrofTds syg s;"/bf/7x¥ofpg] cfwf/ aGg ;Sb}g . kmf}hbf/L d'2fdfz+sf:kb Pj+ lj/f]wfefifo'Qm sygnfO{ k|df0f dfg]/s;}nfO{ bf]ifL 7x/ ug{ ldNb}g, To;f] ug'{ sfg"g /Gofosf dfGo l;åfGtx¿sf] k|lts"n x'g hfg] .Olt ;Dat\ @)^^ h]7 #! ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

22222


@=df=Gof=>L dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemL / df=Gof= >L

s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo, ;Dat\ @)^$ ;fnsf] CR–)$%(, ljb ]zL ljlgdo, g ]kfn ;/sf/lj=dbgk|;fb ;/fjuL

k|tLt kqdf plNnlvt ljb]zL d'b|fo'=P;=8n/ a/fa/sf] g]kfnL ?k}ofFsf] a}+s Uof/]G6LhdfgL;Dd a;]sf] cj:yfdf hdfgt a:g]n] g}k|tLt kqsf] sf/f]jf/ u/]sf] / ;f]cg'¿k ljb]zL;fdfg cfoft gu/]sf] eGg] cy{ ug{ gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM bLkss'df/ bfxfnOlt ;Dat\ @)^% r}t $ ut] /f]h # z'ed\ .

Ohnf; g+=!!=

df=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >L

tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, @)^! ;fnsf] ljljwg+=!)), cbfntsf] ckx]ngf, C0f pkef]Qmf tyfhg;]jf ;+3 lj=lg;LsfGt /fdrGb df]v/Ljfn];d]t

cbfntsf] cGtl/d cfb]zdf :ki6 ?kdflnlvt hjfkm k/]kl5 k'glj{rf/ ug]{ u/L ;"rgfsfof{Gjog gug{ cfb]z ePsf]df ;f] cGtl/dcfb]zsf] Joxf]/fdf st} klg cfoftsf] sfdsf/jfxLnfO{ /f]s nufPsf] cj:yf g/x]kl5cfoftsf] ljifodf k/]sf] lgj]bgsf] cfwf/dfcbfntsf] cjx]ngf eof] eGg gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM :jLs[lt k/fh'nLsDKo"6/M d's'Gb lji6Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% kmfu'g !% ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

@


tflx/ cnL cG;f/L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L @)^# ;fnsf] ljljw g+=

))^, cjx]ngf, , , , , clwjQmf e'k]Gb|k|;fb kf]v/]nlj= ch'{gs'df/ sfsL{

h'g l/6 lgj]bg cbfntsf] cfb]zsf]cjx]ngf eof] egL bfjL u/]sf 5g\ ;f] lgj]bg g}vf/]h x'g] kl/k|]Iodf k|:t't lgj]bg bfjL ;d]tk'Ug ;Sg] cj:yf gx'Fbf ckx]ngfdf sf/jfxLul/kfpFm eGg] lgj]bg dfu bfjL k'Ug g;Sg] .Ohnf; clws[tM :jLs[lt k/fh'nLsDKo"6/M d's'Gb lji6Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% kmfu'g !% ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

#=df=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf{, df=Gof= >L tflx/df=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf{, df=Gof= >L tflx/df=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf{, df=Gof= >L tflx/df=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf{, df=Gof= >L tflx/df=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf{, df=Gof= >L tflx/

cnL cG;f/L,cnL cG;f/L,cnL cG;f/L,cnL cG;f/L,cnL cG;f/L, @)^@ ;fnsf] ljljw g+=!@#cbfntsf] ckx]ngfdf sf/jfxL ul/kfpFm,clwjQmf cfgGb ;Gtf]ifL /fO{ lj=tTsfnLg ;"rgftyf ;~rf/ dGqL ;d]t

cflwsfl/s ?kdf hf/L ePsf] Dofb;"rgf g} ljkIfLn] k|fKt u/L g;s]sf] cj:yfdfcbfntsf] cfb]zlj?4sf sfd sf/jfxLaf6ckx]ngf eof] eGg gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM :jLs[lt k/fh'nLsDKo"6/M d's'Gb lji6Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% kmfu'g !% ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

$=


/0faxfb'/ ad/0faxfb'/ ad/0faxfb'/ ad/0faxfb'/ ad/0faxfb'/ ad, @)^% ;fnsf] kmf}=;f=g+=)&&st{Jo Hofg, 8f]df ;bfo d';x/ lj= g]kfn ;/sf/ .

ls6fgL hfx]/L, ;f] hfx]/LnfO{ k'li6 x'g]u/L df}sfdf a'lemPsL k'gd ;bfosf] aofg,k|ltjfbLsf] clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf ePsf];fljtL aofg Pj+ a/fdbL d'r'Nsf, d[tssf] zjk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ;d]taf6 k'li6 x'g cfpFbf

33333


k|ltjfbLnfO{ Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] ! g+= / !#-#_g+=sf] s;"/df P]=!#-#_ g+= adf]lhd ;j{Zj;lxthGds}b x'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM sljk|;fb Gof}kfg] .Olt ;Dat\\ @)^^ j}zfv @# ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ .

%=


cjw]zs'df/ ofbj, cjw]zs'df/ ofbj, cjw]zs'df/ ofbj, cjw]zs'df/ ofbj, cjw]zs'df/ ofbj, 063–CI–0376 df]xL nuts§f, ljdns'df/ /fo lj= b]j gf/fo0f d';x/ ;d]t

@)%# ;fndf e"ld;DaGwL P]gdf ePsf]rf}yf] ;+zf]wgkZrft\ df]xL hUufsf] afF8kmfF8sf]cjwf/0ffn] sfg"gL dfGotf kfO{ df]xLsf] ;+/If0fu/]sf] b]lvPsf] cj:yfdf cfˆgf] st{Jo bfloTjaf6klG5Psf] egL jfbL bfjLsf] hUufsf] df]xL nuts§f x'g g;Sg] .Ohnf; clws[tM bLkss'df/ bfxfnOlt ;Dat\\ @)^^ j}zfv @%ut] /f]h ^ z'ed\

^ =^ =^ =^ =^ =


;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL{, @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=*&%#, lnvtab/, ;'eb|f yfkf lj= gGbs'df/L yfkf ;d]t .

Gofostf{sf] ljj]sdf lg0f{o lbg'kg{] d'2fsf]c+u k'lu;s]sf] cg'ej Pj+ dx;"; u/]sf] cj:yfdfoL oL sf/0fL, JolQm, ljz]if1nfO{ lemsfO{ sfuhu/L lg0f{oljGb"df k'Ug' kb{5 egL kIf ljkIfx¿n]lg0f{ostf{nfO{ jfWo kfg{] s'/f klg cfpFb}g . sltkocj:yfdf a'lemg} kg{] To:tf JolQmnfO{ ga'emLlg0f{o ubf{ klg k|df0fsf] kof{Kttf b]lvO{ To;n]lg0f{odf tflTjs leGgtf (Material Difference)

gkfg{] ePdf df}h'bf ;+slnt k|df0fx¿sf] cfwf/dflg0f{o jf km};nf ug{ jfwf gkg]{ .Ohnf; clws[tM sfhLaxfb'/ /fO{

o:t} k|s[ltsf lgDg d'2fdf o;}cg'¿k lg0f{o ePsf5g\M

§ ;Dat\ @)^@ ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= #^&),hfn;fhL, ;'eb|f yfkf lj= gGbs'df/Lyfkf ;d]t

§ ;Dat\ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= *&%@,lnvt ab/, ;'eb|f yfkf lj= gGbs'df/Lyfkf ;d]t

§ ;Dat\ @)^@ ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= *&%$,lnvt ab/, ;'eb|f yfkf lj= /fdjxfb'/yfkf ;d]t

§ ;Dat\ @)^@ ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= #^^*,hfn;fhL, ;'eb|f yfkf lj= /fdjxfb'/yfkf ;d]t

§ ;Dat\ @)^@ ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= #^^(,hfn;fhL, ;'eb|f yfkf lj= /fdjxfb'/yfkf ;d]t

Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% kmfu'g @* ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ .&=


;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL{, @)^) ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=@$, dfgfrfdn, cK;/f yfkf lj=/fd' eGg] /fdaxfb'/ yfkf

d'n'sL P]gsf] !! cf}+ ;+zf]wgdf dfq5f]/LnfO{ klg 5f]/f ;/x lgMzt{ c+z kfpg] sfg"gLJoj:yf u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;+zf]lwt c+zj08fsf]!) g+= adf]lhdsf] ;+zf]lwt sfg"gL Joj:yfcg';f/OHht cfdbcg';f/sf] dfgf rfdn e/fO{ kfpFmeGg] bfjL k'Ug g;Sg] .

Ohnf; clws[tM sfhLaxfb'/ /fO{sDKo"6/M d's'Gb lji6Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% kmfu'g @* ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ .

44444


*=


;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL {, @)^) ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=*%)@, c+zrng, ;'eb|f yfkf lj= /fd' eGg] /fdaxfb'/ yfkf;d]t

sfg"gL /Ltk"j{ssf] lnvt k|df0fnfO{To;sf] k|lts"n vlDj/ k|df0fn] v08g gu/];DdTo:tf] sfg"gL lnvtsf] a}wtfnfO{ cGoyf eGg /cdfGo ug{ ldNg] x'Fb}g . cyf{t df}lvs sygnfO{d"n cfwf/ dfgL crn ;DklQsf] xsdf sfg"gL/Ltk"j{ssf] lnvtnfO{ dfGotf glbO{ cg'dfgs}cfwf/df k}t[s ;DklQ egL eGg ;lsg] cj:yfgx'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM sfhLaxfb'/ /fO{sDKo"6/M d's'Gb lji6Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% kmfu'g @* ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ .

(=

df=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf { / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf { / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf { / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf { / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf { / df=Gof= >L

;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL;'zLnf sfsL {, @)^@ ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= #^&!,hfn;fhL, ;'eb|f yfkf lj=s'df/ yfkf ;d]t

c8\8fdf kl//x]sf] kmf}hbf/L d'2fdfk|ltjfbL tkm{af6 p7]sf] P]gn] b]jfgL sfod x'g]/ b]jfgL d'2fdf k|ltjfbLsf] n]vaf6 p7]sf] P]gn]kmf}hbf/L sfod x'g] d'2fx¿df dfq c=j+=*) sf]sfg"gL k|fjwfg cfslif{t x'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM sfhLaxfb'/ /fO{Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% kmfu'g @* ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ .

!)=


;'zLnf sfsL{ ;'zLnf sfsL{ ;'zLnf sfsL{ ;'zLnf sfsL{ ;'zLnf sfsL{ @)^) ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=(@^(, gfkLlg0f{o btf{ ab/ btf{, u0f]z /fpt s+s/ lj=nv/fh ;fx

lnvtdf nfu]sf] NofKr] 5fkaf6 gle8]sf]cj:yfdf hUufdf ;fljsb]lv xsef]u u/L a;LcfPsf] JolQmsf] xssf] ;|f]t ;DaGwdf gfkLn]a'emL OG;fkm u/]sf] kfOPg . o:tf] cj:yfdfk|ltjfbLsf k|df0f alnof] egL gfkLn] k|ltjfbLnfO{hUufsf] ef]ujfnf 7x¥ofPsf] ldNg] gb]lvg] .Ohnf; clws[tM :jLs[lt k/fh'nLsDKo"6/M a]bgf clwsf/LOlt ;Dat\\ @)^%r}t dlxgf !! ut] /f]h # z'ed\ .

!!=df=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >L

;'zLnf sfsL{, @)^! ;'zLnf sfsL{, @)^! ;'zLnf sfsL{, @)^! ;'zLnf sfsL{, @)^! ;'zLnf sfsL{, @)^! ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=!)!)%,lnvt ab/, hbf]nfn dxtf] g'lgof lj= uf}/Lz+s/ b'j] .

ljjfbsf] hUufsf] xssf] ;|f]t;Fu gldNg]gle8\g] To:tf] JolQm;Fu ePsf] ldnfkqsf]kl/0ffdnfO{ xssf] ;|f]t eGbf alnof] k|df0fsf]?kdf x]g{ ldNb}g . o:tf]df pgfp JolQm;Fu ePsf]ldnfkqn] xssf] ;|f]tdf cGoyf c;/ ug{ ;Sg]klg gx'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM :jLs[lt k/fh'nLsDKo"6/M d's'Gb lji6

Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t !! ut] /f]h # z'ed\ .o:t} k|s[ltsf lgDg d'2fx¿df o;}cg'¿k lg0f{oePsf 5g\M

§ ;Dat\ @)^! ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=!)!)$, xssfod 3/hUuf lvrf]nf, hbf]nfn dxtf]g'lgof lj= uf}/L z+s/ b'j]

§ ;Dat\ @)^! ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=!)!)%, xssfod 3/hUuf lvrf]nf, hbf]nfn dxtf]g'lgof lj= uf}/L z+s/ b'j]

55555


!@


k|sfz j:tL,k|sfz j:tL,k|sfz j:tL,k|sfz j:tL,k|sfz j:tL, @)^) ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=*^&%,as;kq ab/, nNng h;u9 lj= O:dfOn xn'jfO{;d]t .

s'g} klg crn ;DklQsf] xsclwsf/sf]d"n;|f]t eg]s} ;f] ;DaGwL lnvt sfuhft x'g]eO{ To:tf k|df0fn] lglZrt?kn] sfg"gLdfGotfkfpg] x'G5 . df}lvs ;xdltsf] cfwf/df k|fKtu/]sf] eGg] bfaL s;}sf] gfddf btf{ :jfldTjsf]kl/rfos hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{ /x]sf] cj:yfdfu|fx\otf lbg sfg"gtM ldNg] gb]lvg] .Ohnf; clws[tM sfhLaxfb'/ /fO{sDKo"6/M d's'Gb lji6Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% kmfu'g @^ ut] /f]h @ z'ed\ .o:t} k|s[ltsf lgDg d'2fx¿df o;}cg'¿k lg0f{oePsf 5g\M

§ ;Dat\\ @)^) ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=*#%*,3/hUuf lvrf]nf, nNng h;u9 lj= dGg'/fO{ ;d]t

§ ;Dat\\ @)^) ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=*^&^,3/hUuf lvrf]nf, kb/;f hfldof c/lkmofbfgL;'n pn'd ;d]t

§ ;Dat\\ @)^) ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=#!!*,hfn;fh, nNng h;u9 lj= cJb'n xlsdxnjfO{ ;d]t

§ ;Dat\\ @)^) ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=#@#*,hfn;fh, nNng h;u9 lj= cJb'n xlsdxnjfO{ ;d]t

@)^) ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=*^&$, as;kqab/, nNng h;u9 lj= O:dfOn xnjfO{;d]t

!#=

df=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf { / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf { / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf { / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf { / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof=>L cg"k/fh zdf { / df=Gof= >L

k|sfz a:tL,k|sfz a:tL,k|sfz a:tL,k|sfz a:tL,k|sfz a:tL, @)^! ;fnsf] l/6 g+=#@$&,pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]z nufot hf] rflxg] cf1fcfb]z jf k"hL{ hf/L ul/kfpFm, >Lk|;fb >]i7 lj=e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no sf7df8f}+ .d[To' eO;s]sf] JolQmsf] gfddf Dofb tfd]nLePs} cfwf/n] dfq k|ltjfb x'g g;s]sf] eGggldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM :jLs[lt k/fh'nLsDKo"6/M a]bgf clwsf/LOlt ;Dat\ @)^% r}t !@ ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ .

!%=df=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L cg"k/fh zdf{ / df=Gof= >L

k|sfz a:tL,k|sfz a:tL,k|sfz a:tL,k|sfz a:tL,k|sfz a:tL, ;Dat\\\ @)^! ;fnsf] l/6 g+=#)@@,k/dfb]z ldl>t k|ltif]w, afa'/fd lu/L lj= g]kfn;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no ;d]t .

gful/sk|lt ;/sf/sf] cleefjsLobfloTj /xG5 . of] bfloTjleq gful/ssf] cl:tTj/Iffsf] clwsf/sf] :yfg ;jf]{kl/ /xG5 . g]kfndfk|frLgtd\ sfg"gL k|0ffnLdf t of] bfloTj:jLsfl/Psf] lyof] eg] cfhsf] ljsl;t sfg"gLdfGotfdf o; l;4fGtnfO{ OGsf/ ug{] 7fFp 5}g ./fHoåf/f j]kQf agfOPsf x'g\ jf c? s;}åf/f jf:jo+ g} j]kQf ePsf g} lsg gx"g, oL ;a}sf]l:ylt ;fj{hlgs ug{] sfg"gL bfloTj ;/sf/sf]xf] . o; bfloTjaf6 /fHon] pGd'lQm k|fKt ug{;Sg] cj:yf gx'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM /fh]Gb| clwsf/LsDKo"6/M d's'Gb lji6Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t @) ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

66666


Ohnf; g+= @Ohnf; g+= @Ohnf; g+= @Ohnf; g+= @Ohnf; g+= @

!=

df=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >L

tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, @)^# ;fnsf] l/6g+=)()^, pTk|]if0f ;d]t, xl/gf/fo0f dxQf] ;d]tlj= df}hLnfn dxQf] .

c+zbkf]6 d'2fsf] km};nfdf g} bafPsf]7xl/Psf 3/hUufx¿sf] rngk"hL{ c+z d'2faf6}lng'kg{] eGg] :ki6 pNn]v eO/x]sf] l:yltdfc+zjfkt kfpg] ;DklQ ;f] c+z d'2faf6} lng' kg{] .Ohnf; clws[tM lab'/ sf]O/fnfsDKo"6/M ljZj/fh kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% ;fn r}t !^ ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

@=df=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >L tflx/df=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >L tflx/df=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >L tflx/df=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >L tflx/df=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >L tflx/

cnL cG;f/LcnL cG;f/LcnL cG;f/LcnL cG;f/LcnL cG;f/L, @)^@ ;fnsf] b]= k'= g+= (*!#, df]xLnut s§f, ;g]lkmof ;fx xn'jfO{ lj= o;f]bfb]jL uf}td

e"ld;DaGwL P]g, @)@! df @)%#.(.@$df ePsf] rf}yf] ;+zf]wgsf] bkmf @^-3_ df sfg"gadf]lhd df]xL sfod ePsf]df cfwL hUuf df]xLsf]sfod x'g] u/L ;+zf]lwt a'Fbf k|df0f ;d]taf6df]xL nut s§f ul/kfpFm eÌ] jfbL bfjL k'Ugg;Sg] .Ohnf; clws[tM /fh]Gb| clwsf/LsDKo"6/ M a]bgf clwsf/LOlt ;Dat\ @)^^ h]7 !( ut] /f]h # z'ed\ .o:t} k|s[ltsf lgDg d'2fx¿df o;}cg'¿k lg0f{oePsf 5g\M

§ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= (*!@, df]xLj]bvnL, ;lGkmof eGg] ;glkmof ;fx

xn'jfO{sf] d'=;=ug]{ u+ufb]jL ;fx lj=o;f]bf b]jL uf}td

§ ;Dat\ @)%( ;fnsf] l/6 g+= @(&(,pTk|]if0f k/dfb]z, ;lGkmof eGg] ;glkmof;fx xn'jfO{sf] d'=;=ug]{ u+ufb]jL ;fxlj= e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no df]/ª ;d]t

#=


tflx/ cnL cG;f/L,tflx/ cnL cG;f/L,tflx/ cnL cG;f/L,tflx/ cnL cG;f/L,tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, @)^# ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=*(((,c+z btf{, /fwfb]jL y?gL lj= xl/nfn rf}w/L

;uf]nsf] ;DklQ h'g;'s} JolQmsf]gfddf ePklg ;a} c+lzof/sf] a/fa/ xsnfUg] .

3/sf] d'Vo JolQm x' FbfxF 'b } lghsf]dGh"/L j]u/ lnPsf] C0f ;a} c+lzof/nfO{efu nufpg Gofof]lrt geO{ b]vfOPsf] C0fdfkl5 ;fx"sf] gfn]; k/]sf avt sfg"gadf]lhdx'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM /fh]Gb| clwsf/L .sDKo"6/M a]bgf clwsf/LOlt ;Dat\\ @)^^ h]7 @) ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ .

$=


tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, tflx/ cnL cG;f/L, @)^! ;fnsf] l/6g+=#$%%, pTk|]if0f, /fdhLk|;fb nD;fn lj=nf]s;]jf cfof]u ;d]t .

cf+lzs k/LIff lbO{ P;=Pn=;L= pQL{0fu/]sf lgj]bsnfO{ lgj]bg lhls/adf]lhd låtLo>]0fLsf] cÍ k|bfg ug{ gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM /fh]Gb| clwsf/LsDKo"6/M a]bgf clwsf/LOlt ;Dat\ @)^^ h]7 !( ut] /f]h # z'ed\ .

77777


%=


s [ i0 fk |; fb pkfWofo, s [ i0 fk |; fb pkfWofo, s [ i0 fk |; fb pkfWofo, s [ i0 fk |; fb pkfWofo, s [ i0 fk |; fb pkfWofo, @)^% ;fnsf ]b]=k'=g+=))^), gfkL lg0f{o ab/ xs sfod, gGbnfnld> lj= hfgsLb]jL e§ .

ls=g+= @(% / @(^ af6 klZrd x'Fb}k"j{tkm{af6 3/df hfg] af6f] ;+s]t u/]sf] hUufdfjfbLx¿n] af6f] k|of]u ug{ kfpg] tYo gS;faf6:yflkt ePsf] cj:yfdf jfbLx¿sf] 3/x¿sf]lgsf; cfjft–hfjt ug{] xb;Ddsf] af6f]jfbLx¿n] kfpg] .Ohnf; clws[tM /fh]Gb| clwsf/LsDKo"6/M a]bgf clwsf/LOlt ;Dat\\ @)^^ h]7 !& ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .o:t} k|s[ltsf] ;Dat\ @)^% ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= ))%(,gfkL lg0f{o ab/ xs sfod, gGbnfn ld> lj=hfgsL b]jL e§ ePsf] d'2fdf o;}cg'¿k lg0f{oePsf] 5 .

^ =^ =^ =^ =^ =


df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf, df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf, df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf, df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf, df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf, @)^! ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=(*#&,hUuf /f]Ssf, u0f]zk|;fb clwsf/L lj= cgLtf>]i7

kf/Lt g} gePsf] 3/fo;L dGh"/gfdfsf]cfwf/df t];|f] JolQmnfO{ k|jfx u/]sf] C0fjfktdfhUuf /f ]Ssf /fVg gldNg] x ' Fbf dfnkf ]tsfof{noaf6 /f]Ssf /flvPsf] hUuf km's'jf ul/lbg'kg{] .Ohnf; clws[tM lab'/ sf]O/fnfsDKo"6/M a]bgf clwsf/LOlt ;Dat\\ @)^^ j}zfv !% ut] /f]h # z'ed\ .

&=


df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nfdf]xgk|sfz l;6f}nfdf]xgk|sfz l;6f}nfdf]xgk|sfz l;6f}nfdf]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf, ;Dat\\ @)%* ;fnsf] l/6g+=@(#), pTk|]if0f ;d]t, lbg]z rf}w/L lj=k'g/fj]bg cbfnt hgsk'/ ;d]t

cfb]zadf]lhd lnnfd a9fa9 eO{ lauf]el/e/fpsf] sfo{;d]t ;dfKt eO;s]sf]df ;f]lnnfdL sfo{pk/ s'g} k|Zg;d]t gp7fPsf] l:yltdflgj]bg dfuadf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L x'g g;Sg] .Ohnf; clws[tM lab'/ sf]O/fnfsDKo"6/M ljZj/fh kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% kmfu'g !( ut] /f]h @ z'ed\ .

* =* =* =* =* =


df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf, df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf, df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf, df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf, df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf, @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=(&*@, df]xL xs sfod, s'b'; wf]aL lj= /xdt'Nnfz]if ;d]t

df]xL xssf] k|flKt / ;dflKt klgsfg"gåf/f g} ul/Psf] x'G5 . e"ld;DaGwL P]g,@)@! sf] bkmf @%-!_ / @%-@_ sf k|fjwfgafx]ssf cfkm"v'zL ul/Psf Jojxf/x¿n] sfg"gLx}l;ot k|fKt ug{ g;Sg] .

Ohnf; clws[tM /fh]Gb| clwsf/LOlt ;Dat\ @)^^ h]7 @@ ut] /f]h ^ z'ed\ .o:t} k|s[ltsf lgDg d'2fx¿df o;}cg'¿k lg0f{oePsf 5g\M–

§ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= (&*%, df]xL xssfod u/L k|df0fkq kfpFm, j/;ftL kf;Llj= chd+t cl;km z]if d';ndfg ;d]t

§ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= (&*$, df]xLsfod u/L k|df0fkq kfpFm, cbfnt kf;Llj=chd+t cl;km z]if d';ndfg ;d]t

88888


§ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= (&*#, df]xL sfodu/L k|df0fkq kfpFm, km'nf kfl;gsf]d'=;=ug]{ wd{/fh kf;L lj= chd+t cl;kmz]if d';ndfg ;d]t

§ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=(&**, df]xL sfodu/L k|df0fkq kfpFm, hugf/fo0f nf]lgoflj= chd+t cl;km z]if d';ndfg ;d]t

§ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=(&*&, df]xL sfodu/L k|df0fkq kfpFm, rl/q kf;L lj= chd+tcl;km z]if d';ndfg ;d]t

§ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=(&*^, df]xL sfodu/L k|df0fkq kfpFm, d]xfgL kmls/gL lj=chd+t cl;km z]if d';ndfg ;d]t

§ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=(&(), df]xL sfodu/L k|df0fkq kfpFm, /fhaxfb'/ nf]lgoflj= chd+t cl;km z]if d';ndfg ;d]t

§ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=(&*(, df]xL sfodu/L k|df0fkq kfpFm, /xdt cnL ldofFlj= chd+t cl;km z]if d';ndfg ;d]t

§ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=(&(#, df]xL sfodu/L k|df0fkq kfpmF, cJb'n xlsd ldofFlj= chd+t cl;km z]if d';ndfg ;d]t

§ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=(&(@, df]xL sfodu/L k|df0fkq kfpmF, /fd/tL nf]lggf lj=chd+t cl;km z]if d';ndfg ;d]t

§ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=(&(!, df]xL sfodu/L k|df0fkq kfpmF, ;'bfdf kfl;g lj=chd+t cl;kmz]if d';ndfg ;d]t

(=


cjw]zs'df/ ofbjcjw]zs'df/ ofbjcjw]zs'df/ ofbjcjw]zs'df/ ofbjcjw]zs'df/ ofbj, @)^% ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= )^%

CR )&*@, ha/h:tL s/0fL st{Jo Hofg, g]kfn;/sf/ lj= eLdaxfb'/ a'9f .

s'g} klg JolQmsf] Zjf;–k|Zjf; x'g] 3fF6Lh:tf] ;+j]bgzLn d'Vo c+udf b'j} xft nufO{a]:;/L bafO{ Zjf;–k|Zjf; g} cj?4 kfbf{ To:tf]sfo{af6 ;f] dflg; d5{ eGg] s'/f ;fdfGo ;demePsf] hf];'s} JolQmnfO{ klg yfxf x'g] s'/f xf] .oL k|ltjfbLn] d[tssf] 3fF6L lyRbf d[ts dg{;lS5g eGg] tYosf] hfgsf/L gkfpg] / 3fF6Llyr]sf] sfo{af6 Hofg dnf{h:tf] gb]lvPsf] l:yltx'g] egL Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] % g+=sf] sfg"gLJoj:yfsf] JofVof u/L ha/h:tL s/0fL u/]kl5kLl8t d[ts dlxnfsf] 3fF6L lyr]sf] sfo{nfO{eljtJosf] ;+1f lbO{ ;f]adf]lhd eljtJodf dfq;hfo ug{] cj:yf gb]lvg] .Ohnf; clws[tM lab'/ sf]O/fnfOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% kmfu'g @! ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ .

!)=df=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >L

lu/LzrGb| nfn,lu/LzrGb| nfn,lu/LzrGb| nfn,lu/LzrGb| nfn,lu/LzrGb| nfn, @)^$ ;fnsf] ;fws g+=)$!,st{Jo Hofg, g]kfn ;/sf/ lj= a;'lnof kf;jfg;d]t

z'¿b]lv g} Dofb} u'hf/L km/f/ /xLGofo;Dkfbg ug{] sfo{ ;d]tdf a]jf:tf ug{] oLk|ltjfbLx¿n] k|:t't jf/bftdf k|ToIf ;+nUg eO{d[tsnfO{ s'6kL6 u/]sf] / ;f]xL s'6kL6sf] rf]6af6d[tssf] d[To' ePsf] tYo k'li6 eO/x]sf] cj:yfdfk|ltjfbLx¿nfO{ Hofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !# -#_ g+=adf]lhd hGds}b x'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM lab'/ sf]O/fnfsDKo"6/M ljZj/fh kf]v/]n .Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% kmfu'g @@ ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

99999


!!=


lu/LzrGb| nfn,lu/LzrGb| nfn,lu/LzrGb| nfn,lu/LzrGb| nfn,lu/LzrGb| nfn, @)%@ ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g++=#)%%,hfn;fhL, /fh]Gb| sfk8 lj= /fdcf}tf/ sfk8L

csf{sf] xs hfg] hUufnfO{ cfˆgf] egLhfn;fhL u/L lnvt kf/Lt;d]t ul/lbPsf] /jfbLsf] xssf] hlt lnvt ab/;d]t ePsf]cj:yfdf hfn;fhL u/]sf] /x]g5 eÌ gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM ch'{g clwsf/LsDKo"6/M ljZj/fh kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\ @)^% r}t #) ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

!@=

df=Gof= >L /.dk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L /.dk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L /.dk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L /.dk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L /.dk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >L

k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, @)^! ;fnsf] l/6 g= ###^, pTk|]if0fk/dfb]zo'Qm cfb]z hf/L ul/kfpFm, /fdhL l;+xv8\sf lj= sf:sL lhNnf cbfnt ;d]t

g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgfk|sflzt u/L Goflos clwsf/ uf= lj= ;= nfO{gtf]s]sf] cj:yfdf :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g,@)%% sf] bkmf $) cGtu{t lhNnf cbfntdfk'g/fj]bg nfUg g;Sg] cj:yfdf k|:t't lgj]bgdflhls/ lnPsf] s'nf] jf kfgLsf] afF8kmfF8;DaGwLd'2fsf] uf=lj=;= n] u/]sf] If]qflwsf/ljxLg lg0f{opk/ k'g/fj]bsLo If]qflwsf/ lhNnf cbfntnfO{ePsf] gb]lvg] .Ohnf; clws[tM ch'{g clwsf/LsDKo"6/M ljZj/fh kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\ @)^% r}t & ut] /f]h ^ z'ed\ .

!#=

df=Gof=>L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >L df]xgk|sfz

l;6f}nf, @)%( ;fnsf] l/6 g+= @&(), pTk|]if0fnufotsf] pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L ul/kfpFm,

pQ/fs'df/L kf08] ;d]t lj=dlGqkl/ifb\ ;lrjfno;d]t

cfjt–hfjt, af6f] lgsf;nufotsf];'ljwfdf k|lts"n c;/ k/]sf] gb]lvPsf] cj:yfdfo; cbfntn] c;fwf/0f clwsf/If ]qaf6dlGqkl/ifb\af6 ePsf] lg0f{o / To;sf cfwf/dfljjflbt hUuf lsQfsf6 u/L dfnkf]t sfof{nosfgfddf btf{ ug]{ u/L ePsf sfdsf/jfxLx¿ ab/ul//xg' gkg]{ .Ohnf; clws[tM lab'/ sf]O/fnfsDKo"6/M ljZj/fh kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\ @)^% kmfu'g !( ut] /f]h @ z'ed\ .

!$=df=Gof=>L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >L df]xgk|sfz

l;6f}nf, @)%( ;fnsf] l/6 g+= #)@*, pTk|]if0f,k/dfb]z ;d]t, clgn uf]on lj=g]zgn dfs]{l6ªP08 ;]N; k|f=ln= ;d]t

dWo:ysf] lg0f{o / k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf]km};nfadf]lhd ljkIfLnfO{ lbg'kg]{ /sd a'emfO{;f] km};nfsf] cl:tTj / To;sf] sfof{GjognfO{:jLsf/ ug]{ t/ dWo:ysf] lg0f{onfO{ r'gf}tL lbg]u/L bfo/ ePsf] l/6 lgj]bg :jtM cfwf/xLgb]lvg] .Ohnf; clws[tM lab'/ sf]O/fnfsDKo"6/M ljZj/fh kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\ @)^% kmfu'g !( ut] /f]h @ z'ed\ .

!%=df=Gof=>L /fdk|;fb >]i7 / df=Gof= >L cjw]zs'df/

ofbj, @)^% ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= )^$–CR–)&&!,ha/h:tL s/0fL, afa' kf}8]n If]qL lj=g]kfn ;/sf/

dfgj ;Eotf pk/ g} sn+s nufpg]u/L Ps caf]w gfjflnsfpk/ oL k|ltjfbLaf6

1010101010


ha/h:tL s/0fL h:tf] cdfgjLo Pj+ lgn{Hhck/fw ePsf] ufDeLo{tf ;d]tnfO{ x]/L k'g/fj]bsk|ltjfbLpk/ ;hfosf] lgwf{/0f ug'{ g} plrt x'g]b]lvFbf oL k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLn] jif{ % sL cjf]wjflnsfnfO{ cleof]u bfjLadf]lhd hj/h:tLs/0fL u/]sf] k'li6 ePsfn] hj/h:tL s/0fLsf]dxnsf] ! g+= sf] s;"/df ;f]xL dxnsf] #-!_ g+=adf]lhd g} ;hfo x'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM lab'/ sf]O/fnfsDKo"6/M ljZj/fh kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\ @)^% kmfu'g !( ut] /f]h @ z'ed\ .

!^=df=Gof=>L /0faxfb'/ ad / df=Gof= >L cjw]zs'df/

ofbj, @)^# ;fnsf] l/6 g+= ##**, pTk|]if0f ;d]t,tf/fb]jL yfkf lj=nlntk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf]sfof{no ;d]t

:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%% n]lbPsf] clwsf/eGbf jflx/ uO{ lg0f{o ug{ kfpg]clwsf/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfnfO{ s'g} sfg"gn] k|bfggu/]sf] / cfkm\gf] clwsf/If]qsf] ljjfbsf;DaGwdf lg0f{o ug{ gkfpg] eGg gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM g]qk|sfz cfrfo{sDKo"6/M ljZj/fh kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\ @)^%df3 @^ ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

!&=df=Gof=>L /0faxfb'/ ad / df=Gof= >L cjw]zs'df/

ofbj, @)^@ ;fnsf] l/6 g+= @&(&, pTk|]if0fk/dfb]z, g/dfof lnDj" ;d]t lj= tf/fb]jL yfkf;d]t

pkdxfgu/kflnsfn] xs sfod u/fO{Nofpg' egL oL lgj]sx¿nfO{ ;'gfO{ lbg] lg0f{oug'{ cufj} ;flwsf/ lgsfodf d'2f bfo/ ul/;s]sf]

b]lvPsf] / ;f] d'2fx¿af6} xfn lgj]bsx¿n] dfuu/]sf] pkrf/ k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf b]lvFbf dftxtcbfntdf bfo/ ePsf] d'2fnfO{ k|ToIf c;/ kg]{u/L l/6 lgj]bgdf af]Ng gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM g]qk|sfz cfrfo{sDKo"6/M ljZj/fh kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\ @)^% df3 @^ ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

!*=df=Gof=>L lu/LzrGb| nfn / df=Gof= >L ;'zLnf

sfsL{, @)^) ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= #$)*, Hofg dfg]{pBf]u, j|flxd ldofF ;d]t la=g]kfn ;/sf/

Hofg dfg]{ dg;fo -Mens rea_ /x]sf]gb]lvPsf] / k|ltjfbLx¿sf] sfo{ t];|f] kIfsf]x:tIf]kaf6 /f]lsPsf] cj:yf klg gx'Fbf Hofgdfg]{ pBf]ucGtu{tsf] s;"/ dfGg] cj:yf /x]sf]eGg g;lsg] .Ohnf; clws[tM dfwjk|;fb clwsf/LsDKo"6/M ljZj/fh kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\ @)^% kmfu'g !( ut] /f]h @ z'ed\ .

Ohnf; g+= #Ohnf; g+= #Ohnf; g+= #Ohnf; g+= #Ohnf; g+= #

! =! =! =! =! =

df=Gof=>L lvn/fh /]UdL / df=Gof= >L s[i0fk|;fb

pkfWofo, @)^) ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= **$#, afnL ljuf],nfnhL zdf{ ;d]t lj= uofk|;fb zdf{ jfx'g

sfg"gn] cGoyf Joj:yf gu/]sf]dfsfg"gsf] k|of]u, cy{ Pj+ JofVof c;dfg x'g]u/L ug{ ldNb}g . km};nfn] xs :yflkt u/]sf]hUufsf] cfo:tf gkfpg] eGg' Gofof ]lrtgx'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM gf/fo0fk|;fb /]UdLOlt ;Dat\ @)^% r}t !) ut] /f]h @ z'ed\ .

1111111111


Ohnf; g+= $Ohnf; g+= $Ohnf; g+= $Ohnf; g+= $Ohnf; g+= $

! =! =! =! =! =

df=Gof=>L an/fd s]=;L= / df=Gof= >L /fh]Gb|k|;fb

sf]O/fnf, @)^) ;fnsf] l/6 g+=###(, pTk|]if0fk/dfb]z, htgb]jL rf}/l8of lj= e"ld;'wf/sfof{no ;Kt/L ;d]t

s't lbnfO{ df]xL lgisfzg ul/kfpFm eGg]d'2fsf] clGtd 6'+uf] nfu]kl5 dfq df]xL sfod x'g]jf gx'g] eGg] osLg x'g] ePsf] / df]xL sfod x'g]cyf{t df]xL lgisfzg gx'g] cj:yfdf dfq df]xLhUufsf] jfF8kmfF8 x'g] jf gx'g] egL lg0f{o ug'{kg]{x'Fbf df]xL sfod geO{ lgisfzg x'g] ePdf hUufjfF8kmfF8 d'2fsf] cl:tTj / cf}lrTo g} ;dfKt x'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM pk]Gb|k|;fb uf}tdOlt ;Dat\ @)^% df3 @@ ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ .o:t} k|s[ltsf lgDg d'2fdf o;}cg'¿k lg0f{o ePsf5g\M

§ ;Dat\ @)^) ;fnsf] l/6 g+=*%%(, jfnLdf]xL lgisfzg, htgb]jL rf}/l8of lj=ljn6 rf}w/L

§ ;Dat\ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= *%^), ljn6rf}w/L lj= htgb]jL rf}/l8of

§ ;Dat\ @)^) ;fnsf] l/6 g+=#%(@,pTk|]if0f k/dfb]z, htgb]jL rf}/l8of lj=e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no ;Kt/L ;d]t

@=df=Gof=>L an/fd s]=;L= / df=Gof= >L /fh]Gb|k|;fb

sf]O/fnf, @)^% ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= )!(& / )@!&,nfu" cf}ifw -v}/f] lx/f]Og_, Sandu Razvan Iulion

lj= g]kfn ;/sf/ Pj+ Samuel Annyo Eze

lj=g]kfn ;/sf/

nfu"cf}ifw ;lxtsf] ;'6s]z j/fdb x'g]Sandu Razvan Iulion n] u/]sf] jofgnfO{ k|df0fdflng gkg ] { sf/0f gb ] lvPsf ] cj:yfdfk|ltjfbLx¿nfO{ s;"/bf/ 7x/ u/L k|ltjfbLdWo]sfSandu Razvan Iulion nfO{ s}b jif{ !* / aL;nfv h/Ljfgf, csf{ k|ltjfbL Samuel Annyo

Eze nfO{ s}b jif{ !% / bz nfv h/Ljfgf ug]{u/]sf] km};nf ldn]s} b]lvg] .Ohnf; clws[tM o'j/fh uf}tdOlt ;Dat\ @)^% kmfu'g !! ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

#=df=Gof=>L an/fd s]=;L= / df=Gof= >L /fh]Gb|k|;fb

sf]O/fnf, @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= *!%%, xssfod lvrf]nf, lg0f{o ab/, em\ofn9f]sf jGb,lhj5L b]jL b'j] lj=cRo"t cfrfo{

hgsk'/ gu/kflnsfn] ^ kmL6sf ]af6f]nfO{ ;fj{hlgs sfod u/]tkm{ jfbLsf]k'g/fj]bg k/]sf] gb]lvFbf pQm af6f] ;fj{hlgsePkl5 ;f]b]lv pQ/ g=g+= !s sf] hUufdf jfbLsf]xs k'Ug ;Sg] cj:yf b]lvFb}g . To;}u/L ;fj{hlgsaf6f]eGbf pQ/tkm{ g=g+= ! sf] gfnL agfPsf]eg]sf]df klg jfbLsf] sfod x'g ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g .g=g+= #-v_ sf] af6f]af6 jf/kf/ g=g+= !) ;Ddk'u]sf] b]lvPsf] / ;f] af6f] ;fj{hlgs ePsf]b]lvFbf g=g+= !, !s / @ sf ;Dk"0f{ hUuf k|ltjfbLn]lvrf]nf u/]sf] gb]lvg] .Ohnf; clws[tM /fh]Gb|s'df/ cfrfo{Olt ;Dat\ @)^% d+l;/ !^ ut] /f]h @ z'ed\ .o:t} k|s[ltsf] ;Dat\ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= *!%^,lagf Ohfht af6f] RofkL 3/ agfPsf], lhj5Lb]jL b'j] lj=cRo"t cfrfo{ ePsf] d'2fdf o;}cg'¿klg0f{o ePsf] 5 .

1212121212


$=df=Gof=>L an/fd s]=;L= / df=Gof= >L /fh]Gb|k|;fb

sf]O/fnf, @)%( ;fnsf] k'g/fj]bg g+= #@%#,gftf sfod, /Tgs'df/L /fO{ lj= dgljqmd /fO{

gftfsf] ljifo osLg ug{sf] nflu DNA

k/LIf0fsf] cfb]z x'Fbf k'g/fj]bs jfbLsf] jf/]zn]tf/]v u'hf/L a;]sf] ;d]taf6 k/LIf0f l/kf]6{lghsf] k|lts"ndf hfg] /x]5 egL cg'dfgug'{kg]{ .Ohnf; clws[tM /fh]Gb|s'df/ cfrfo{Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% d+l;/ !^ ut] /f]h @ z'ed\ .

%=df=Gof=>L an/fd s]=;L= / df=Gof= >L df]xgk|sfz

l;6f}nf, @)^$ ;fnsf] ;=kmf}=k'=g+= ))&&, ;/sf/L;|]:tf sfuh sLt]{, g]kfn ;/sf/ lj= /fdaxfb'/bg'jf/ ;d]t

s;"/ u/]sf] b]lvg] tYoo'Qm ;j"bk|df0f jfbL kIfaf6 k|:t't x'g g;s]sf] /cGo k|ltjfbLx¿sf pk/sf] cf/f]lkt s;"/;d]t :yflkt x'g g;Sg] . Ohnf; clws[tM o'j/fh uf}tdOlt ;Dat\ @)^% df3 !( ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

^=df=Gof=>L an/fd s]=;L= / df=Gof= >L ;'zLnf

sfsL{, @)^$ ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= !@), e|i6frf/-g=k|=k=_, s[i0fs'df/ >]i7 lj= g]kfn ;/sf/

;l6{lkms]6 gSsnL agfO{ k]z ug]{ sfo{k5fl8 cf]xbf;DaGwL ;Defljt nfe k|fKt ug]{cfk/flws clek|fo jf p2]Zo -Mens Rea_ /x]sf]:ki6 b]lvg cfpFbf gSsnL k|df0f kq k]z ug]{sfo{df cfk/flws sfo{ -Actu Reus_ / cfk/flws

dg jf p2]Zo -Mens Rea_ ;d]tsf b'j} tTj;dfj]z ePsf] b]lvg] .Ohnf; clws[tM o'j/fh uf}tdsDKo"6/M j'4/Tg dxh{gOlt ;Dat\ @)^^ j}zfv $ ut] /f]h ^ z'ed\ .o:t} k|s[ltsf] ;Dat\ @)^$ ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+=$(*, e|i6frf/ -gf=k|=k=_, kfj{tL ;fksf]6flj=g]kfn ;/sf/ ePsf] d'2fdf o;}cg'¿k lg0f{oePsf] 5 .

&=& =& =& =& =

df=Gof=>L an/fd s]=;L= / df=Gof= >L ;'zLnf

sfsL{, @)^$ ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= (@, ha/h:tLs/0fL, pdfb]jL lnDj"gL lj= g]kfn ;/sf/

cfkm\gL gfjflnsf efGhLpk/ ePsf]s's[Topk/ hfx]/jfnLn] cfkm"n] b]v]sf] s'/fx¿ ;d]tpNn]v u/L hfx]/L lbPsf] / kLl8tn] cfkm"pk/ePsf] cdfgjLo Pj+ 3[l0ft sfo{sf] kbf{kmf; ub}{jf/bftsf] jf/]df l;nl;nfa4¿kn] pNn]v u/Lcbfntdf jskq ;d]t ul/lbPsf] l:yltdf lghx¿n]em'¶f ph"/ u/L jskq ul/lbPsf xf]nfg\ egLcg'dfg ug'{ ;j{yf unt x'G5 eg] To;/L cfˆgf]OHhtnfO{ bfpdf /fv]/ em'¶f ljj/0f pNn]v u/Ljskq ug'{kg]{;Ddsf] sf/0f klg s'g} 7f]; ;j"bk|df0faf6 k'li6 ePsf] gkfOg] .Ohnf; clws[tM o'j/fh uf}tdOlt ;Dat\ @)^% kmfu'g !! ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

Ohnf; g+= Ôhnf; g+= Ôhnf; g+= Ôhnf; g+= Ôhnf; g+= ^

! =! =! =! =! =

df=Gof=>L lu/LzrGb| nfn / df=Gof=>L ;'zLnf

sfsL{, @)^@ ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= #$((, s'6kL6c+ue+u, g]kfn ;/sf/ lj= xl//fd clx/ ;d]t

1313131313


d'n'sL P]g, s'6kL6sf] dxnsf] @ g+= sf]s;"/sf] kl/efiffleq gkg]{ s;"/nfO{ ;/sf/L d'2f;DaGwL P]gsf] cg';"rLleq k/]sf] dfGg gldNg] /;/sf/L d'2f;DaGwL P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @&cg';f/ b'lgofjfbL kmf}hbf/Ldf kl/0ft x'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM ufoqLk|;fb /]UdLsDKo"6/M cld//Tg dxh{gOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t !^ ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

@=df=Gof=>L lu/LzrGb| nfn / df=Gof=>L k|sfz

j:tL, @)^# ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= @%$, gful/stf,g]kfn ;/sf/ lj= /fds}nfz 7fs'/ ;d]t

cfkm\gf] ufpF3/df cl3b]lv a;f]af;ul/cfPsf] dflg; g]kfnsf] j+z jf hGdn]gful/s x'g] xf] jf xf]Og jf g]kfndf /x]sf]JolQm ef/tLo gful/s xf] ls eGg];Ddsf] z+sfjf hfgsf/L /x]sf] eGg] s'/f k|df0faf6 b]lvggcfP;Dd hfgfhfg ef/tLonfO{ g]kfnL gful/segL ;h{ldgsf] Joxf]/f n]vfPsf xf]nfg\ egLcg'dfg u/L ;hfo ug{ kmf}hbf/L Gofosfl;4fGtaf6 ;d]t Gofof]lrt gx'g] x'Fbf hfgfhfgtTjsf] cefjdf cf/f]lkt s;"/ u/]sf] dfGggldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM ufoqLk|;fb /]UdLsDKo"6/M cld//Tg dxh{gOlt ;Dat\\ @)^^ j}zfv ^ ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

#=df=Gof=>L lu/LzrGb| nfn / df=Gof=>L ;'zLnf

sfsL{, @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= *$%$, l6Kk0fLcfb]z ab/ btf{ ab/ btf{ x6fO{ kfpFm, z+s/ bf;tTjf ;d]t lj= dx]Gb| bf; tTjf ;d]t

lkmN8j'sdf plNnlvt JolQm e"naf6n]lvPsf] xf], a]Unfa]Un} JolQm xf]Ogg\ egL em'7\7fJoxf]/fsf] lgj]bg dfnkf]t sfof{nodf btf{ u/fO{sf/jfxL rnfO{ btf{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9fPsf] b]lvFbfunt Joxf]/fsf] k|lqmof ckgfO{ btf{ ug]{ ul/Psf]hUufsf] btf{sf] sf/jfxLn] sfg"gL dfGotf k|fKtug{ g;Sg] .Ohnf; clws[tM ufoqLk|;fb /]UdLsDKo"6/M cld//Tg dxh{gOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t !^ ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .o:t} k|s[ltsf lgDg d'2fx¿df o;}cg'¿k lg0f{oePsf 5g\M

§ ;Dat\ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= *$^!,l6Kk0fL cfb]z ab/ btf{ ab/ btf{ x6fO{kfpFm, PsfjnLbf; tTjf ;d]t lj= dx]Gb|bf; tTjf ;d]t

§ ;Dat\ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= *$^),ldnfkq ab/, PsfjfnLbf; tTjf ;d]tlj= dx]Gb| bf; tTjf ;d]t

§ ;Dat\ @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= *$%^,ldnfkq ab/, z+s/ bf; tTjf ;d]t lj=dx]Gb| bf; tTjf ;d]t

$=df=Gof=>L lu/LzrGb| nfn / df=Gof=>L ;'zLnf

sfsL{, @)^@ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= *$@%, ldnfkqbtf{ ab/ btf{, kmtdf vft'g lj=cnL;]/ ldofFd+;'/L ;d]t

c+z lnO{ jfFsL ;Dk"0f{ ;DklQdf xs5fl8;s]sf]n] afFsL /xg uPsf] ;DklQ afa's'nbLksf] c+zefusf] /xg]x' Fbf s'nbLksf5f]/fx¿n] cfk;df c+z afF8kmfF8 ug]{ u/]sf]ldnfkqn] jfbLsf] xslxtdf s'g} k|lts"n c;/

1414141414


kf/]sf] gb]lvFbf ;f]nfO{ sfg"g ljk/Ltsf] dfgLldnfkq ab/ ug{ gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM ufoqLk|;fb /]UdLsDKo"6/M cld//Tg dxh{gOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t !^ ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

%=df=Gof=>L lu/LzrGb| nfn / df=Gof=>L ;'zLnf

sfsL{, @)^@ ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= #@$*, hfn;fhL,dx]Gb| /fo ofbj lj= gjn lszf]/ /fo ofbjeGg] b'Mvf /fo ofbj

5'6[f5'6[} k|of]hgsf] nflu ag]sf P]gx¿dfs'g P]gcGtu{t bfjL lng'kg]{ xf] bfjLstf{n] toug'{kg]{ s'/f xf] 36gfsf] k|s[ltcg';f/ ;d]tk|:t't d'2fsf] ljjfbsf] ljifopk/ cbfntn]Goflos lg/f]k0f ug'{kg]{ xF'bf jfbLnfO{ bfjL ug]{clwsf/ 5}g egL cbfntn] eGg ;lsg] cj:yfg/xg] .Ohnf; clws[tM ufoqLk|;fb /]UdLsDKo"6/M cld//Tg dxh{gOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t !^ ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

Ohnf; g+= &Ohnf; g+= &Ohnf; g+= &Ohnf; g+= &Ohnf; g+= &

! =! =! =! =! =

df=Gof=>L /fds'df/k|;fb zfx= / df=Gof= >L

/fh]Gb|k|;fb sf]O/fnf, @)^$ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=)%)%, af6f] lvrf]nf d]6fO{ af6f]df lx8\g] xssfod ul/kfpFm, dflxnf dxh{g lj= pQd gf/fo0fdxh{g ;d]t

tTsfnLg df]xL / jfF8kmfF8kl5 hUufwgLx'g cfPsf k|ltjfbLsf hUufsf] blIf0ftkm{af6sfuh u/L jfbLnfO{ lbPsf] af6f]df # kmL6 rf}8fO{yk u/L af6f] sfod u/]sf] l:yltdf ;fljsdf

klg of] af6f] k|of]u u/L cfPsf] eg]sf] / ToxL7fpFaf6 af6f] lbg]5' egL cfkm"n] u/]sf] sfuhnfO{cGoyf k|dfl0ft ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf af6f] k|of]uug{ gkfpg] eGg pko'Qm gx'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM lzlz//fh 9sfnsKo"6/M wgaxfb'/ u'?ªOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t @% ut] /f]h # z'ed\ .

Ohnf; g+= *Ohnf; g+= *Ohnf; g+= *Ohnf; g+= *Ohnf; g+= *

! =! =! =! =! =

df=Gof=>L sNof0f >]i7 / df=Gof= >L ;'zLnf

sfsL{, @)^% ;fnsf] l/6 g+= )@)#, k/dfb]z,gLtfs'df/L u'?ª ;d]t lj=clVtof/ b'?kof]ucg';Gwfg cfof]u ;d]t

clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u:jo+n] s;}pk/ vf; s;"/ sfod ug{ g;s]sf]cj:yfdf uf]Zjf/f ?kdf ;r]t u/fpFb}df lgbf]{ifk/LIffyL{x¿nfO{ cgfjZos kl/0ffd ef]Ug jfWoug{ gldNg] .

;'g'jfOsf] df}sf k|bfg gu/L k/LIff /2ug]{ clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] lg0f{o:jR5 ;'g'jfO;DaGwL k|fs[lts Gofosf] l;4fGtsf]ljk/Lt b]lvg] .Ohnf; clws[tM– lzlz//fh 9sfnsDKo"6/ ug]{M– ;/:jtL kf}8]nOlt ;Dat\\ @)^^ j}zfv @& ut] /f]h ! z'ed\

@=df=Gof=>L s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo / df=Gof= >L ;'zLnf

sfsL{, @)%* ;fnsf] ;fws g+= #*%, st{JoHofg, g]kfn ;/sf/ lj= z'efif /fO{

wfl/nf] hf]lvdL xltof/ k|xf/ u/L d[tslzjs'df/ /fO{sf] d[To' ePsf] b]lvFbf k|ltjfbLnfO{

1515151515


d'n'sL P]g Hofg;DaGwLsf] dxnsf] !#-!_ g+=adf]lhd ;j{:j;lxt hGds}b x'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM /d]zk|;fb 1jfnLsDKo"6/ ug]{M wgjxfb'/ u'?ªOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% kmfu'g @@ ut] /f]h % z'ed\

#=

df=Gof= >L sNof0f >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L sNof0f >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L sNof0f >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L sNof0f >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L sNof0f >]i7 / df=Gof= >L

k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, @)^% ;fnsf] )^%-WH–))#$,aGbLk | ToIfLs/0f , eQms'df/ cf ]emf lj=lh=k|=sf=l;Gw'kfNrf]s

lgj]bsn] lgj]bgdf p7fPsf] k|Zgdf ;f]xLd'2faf6 ;DalGwt cbfntn] lg/f]k0f ug{] g} x'Fbfxfn o; cbfntaf6 x:tIf]k u/L lgj]bssf] dfuadf]lhd cfb]z hf/L ug{ gldNg] .

Ohnf; clws[tM sdnk|;fb kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t ( ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

$=df=Gof= >L sNof0f >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L sNof0f >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L sNof0f >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L sNof0f >]i7 / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L sNof0f >]i7 / df=Gof= >L

k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, @)^# ;fnsf] )^#-WO–)!!^,pTk|]if0f k/dfb]z, k|sfz clwsf/L ;d]t la= lzIfs;]jf cfof]u

lzIfs ;]jf cfof]uåf/f lj1fkg u/Lk/LIff lnO{ k|sflzt glthfsf] ;DaGwdflgj ] bsx¿n ] lzI fs ; ] j f c fo f ] ulgodfjnLadf]lhd j}slNks pkrf/sf] dfu{cjnDag gu/L ;Lw} o; cbfntsf] c;fwf/0fclwsf/If]qdf k|j]z u/]sf ljjflbt k/LIffsf]k|sflzt glthfadf]lhd ljkIfLx¿n] lgo'lQmkfO { kbef/ u|x0f u/L ljjflbt lnlvtk/LIffsf] glthf k|sflzt ug{] tyf l;kmfl/zug{ ] sfo {x¿ sfof { Gjog ePsf ] cj:yf

b]lvPsf] cj:yfdf dfuadf]lhd cfb]z hf/Lug{ gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM sdnk|;fb kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t !! ut] /f]h # z'ed\ .

%=


k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, k|sfz j:tL, @)^$ ;fnsf] )^$–WO–)&#*,pTk|]if0f k/dfb]z, ;'efifs'df/ d'/f/ lj= jg tyfe";+/If0f dGqfno ;d]t

ah]6 jStJodf pNn]v ePsf] egLlgb{]lzsf hf/L u/L /sd p7fpg ;+ljwfg /k|rlnt sfg"gn] clwsf/ k|bfg gu/]sf] x'Fbflgj]bs;d]taf6 ljkIfLx¿ lhNnf jg sfof{noOnfd ;d]tn] ldlt @)^$.!).^ df jg ljsf;sf]ifafkt egL /sd lng] sfo{ pTk|]if0fsf]cfb]zåf/f ab/ x'g] .

Ohnf; clws[tM sdnk|;fb kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t ( ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

^ =^ =^ =^ =^ =

df=Gof=>L sNof0f >]i7 / df=Gof= >L e/t/fh

pk | ]t L , @)^% ;fnsf ] WO–))$*,jGbLk|ToIfLs/0f, ljSsL bf;sf] xsdf clwjQmf/fs]zs'df/ ;fx lj=lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf7df8f}+ ;d]t

;fj{hlgs ck/fw d'2fsf] cg';Gwfgsf]nflu egL y'gfdf /flvPsf gfjfns jGbL ljSsLbf;nfO{ dgfl;jdflkmssf] sf/0flagf ;fj{hlgs-ck/fw / ;hfo_ P]g, @)@& sf] ljk/Lt d'2fbfo/ ug]{ #% lbgsf] xbDofb lbOPsf] s'/f Pj+gfjfnsnfO{ afnaflnsf P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf$@ / %) ljk/Lt k|x/L lx/f;tdf /flvPsf]

1616161616


b]lvFbf lgj]bs jGbL laSsL bf; u}/sfg"gL y'gfaf6d'Qm x'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM sdnk|;fb kf]v/]n

Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t !@ ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ .

&=& =& =& =& =


pk|]tL, @)^# ;fnsf] CR–))##, ))#&, 8fFsf,c?0f rf}w/L lj= g]kfn ;/sf/ Pj+ ef]u]Gb| rf}w/Llj= g]kfn ;/sf/

df}sfdf jofg ug]{ k|ltjfbLx¿sf] ;fljtLjofg :jtGq k|df0fx¿af6 k'li6 ePsf]df 8fFsfePsf] ;Dk"0f{ wgdfn j/fdb gx'Fb}df tL wgdfn8fFsf ePs} xf]Ogg\ eGg] lgisif{df k'Ug gldNg] .;Da4 cGo kl/l:ylthGo k|df0fx¿sf] d"NofÍgsf]cfwf/df lg0f{odf k'Ug'kg]{ .Ohnf; clws[tM sdnk|;fb kf]v/]n

Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t !@ ut] /f]h $ z'ed\

*=


pk|]tL, @)^# ;fnsf] CR–))#^, 8fFsf, c?0frf}w/L lj= g]kfn ;/sf/ Pj+ ef]u]Gb| rf}w/L lj=g]kfn ;/sf/

k|ltjfbL df}sfdf km/f/ /xL @)%(.!).@*df jf/bft ePsf]df ldlt @)^!.^.!( df kqmfpk/L cbfntdf xflh/ ePsf] cj:yf b[li6ut ubf{nfdf] ;dosf] cGt/fndf k|ltjfbLx¿n] gub?k}of vfO{ df:g ;Sg] ;xh ;DefjgfnfO{ cGoyfeGg gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM sdnk|;fb kf]v/]n

Olt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t !@ ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ .

(=


e/t/fh pk| ]tL, e/t/fh pk| ]tL, e/t/fh pk| ]tL, e/t/fh pk| ]tL, e/t/fh pk| ]tL, @)^$ ;fnsf] kmf }hbf/Lg+=)%(@, st{Jo Hofg, u0f]z u'?Ë ;d]t lj=g]kfn ;/sf/

jf/bft ePsf] eGg] 36gf:yn d'r'Nsf,k|ltjfbLx¿sf] aofg tyf a'lemPsf JolQmx¿sf]egfOaf6 lglj{jfb ?kdf :yflkt eO{ cbfnt;dIf ;d]tsf] aofgaf6 d[tsnfO{ lxsf{pg k|of]uul/Psf] lr/k6 bfp/f ToxL 36gf:ynaf6 l6kLk|xf/ u/]sf] geO{ lghn] 3/b]lv af]sL NofPsf]eGg] b]lvG5 . k|ltjfbL u0f ]z u'?Ë tyfz]/axfb'/sf] aofgcg';f/ z]/axfb'/n] cfb]zlbPkl5 u0f]z u'?Ën] k|xf/ u/]sf] / To;kl5tLg}hgf k|ltjfbLx¿n] d[ts lrqaxfb'/nfO{kfn}kfnf] k|xf/ u/]sf] eGg] b]lvPsf] / lghx¿sf]pQm aofg Joxf ]/f 36gf:yn tyf nf;d'r'Nsfaf6 ;dly{t ePsf] b]lvFbf d'n'sL P]gHofg;DaGwL dxnsf] !# g+= sf] b]xfo # cg';f/s;"/bf/ sfod x'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM sdnk|;fb kf]v/]nOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t !@ ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ .

Ohnf; g+= (Ohnf; g+= (Ohnf; g+= (Ohnf; g+= (Ohnf; g+= (

! =! =! =! =! =

df=Gof= >L uf }/L 9sfn / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L uf }/L 9sfn / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L uf }/L 9sfn / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L uf }/L 9sfn / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L uf }/L 9sfn / df=Gof= >L

s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo,s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo,s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo,s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo,s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo, @)^)–kmf}=k'=g+=–#$)@,;jf/L Hofg, ;'/]Gb|dfg k|wfg lj= >L % sf] ;/sf/

;jf/L tyf oftfoft Joj:yf P]g, @)$(sf] bkmf !^# adf]lhd t];|f] kIfsf] aLdf /sdclwstd /sd ?=# nfv;Ddsf] cÍ tf]lsPsf]x'Fbf ck/fwsf] uDeL/tfnfO{ ;d]t cjnf]sg u/L

1717171717


cf}lrTosf] b[li6n] ?=@ nfv ?k}of k|ltjfbL /fli6«oaLdf ;+:yfgaf6 kLl8t kIfsf] kl/jf/nfO{ e/fO{lbg'kg{] egL 7x¥ofpg gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM k"0f]{Zj/k|;fb pkfWofoOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t @) ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

@=

df= Gof =>L uf }/ L 9sfn / df = Gof = >Ldf = Gof =>L uf }/ L 9sfn / df = Gof = >Ldf = Gof =>L uf }/ L 9sfn / df = Gof = >Ldf = Gof =>L uf }/ L 9sfn / df = Gof = >Ldf = Gof =>L uf }/ L 9sfn / df = Gof = >L

s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo,s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo,s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo,s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo,s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo, @)^!–kmf}=k'=g+=–#^(!,s'6lk6af6 c+ue+u, >L % sf] ;/sf/ lj= k|e'nfnrf}w/L

Pp6} lsl;dsf] sfd lng] b'O{dWo] Psc+u s]xL sfd nfUg] cj:yfdf /x]sf] b]lvg cfO{o; cj:yfdf lgh kLl8tsf] bfFof xft $) k|ltztsfd nfUg] cj:yf /x]sf] elgPsf]n] lghsf] bflxg]xft k"0f{tof a]sDdf egL P]gsf] JofVof ug{ ldNg]cj:yf gb]lvg] .Ohnf; clws[tM k"0f]{Zj/k|;fb pkfWofoOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t @) ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

# =# =# =# =# =

df=Gof= >L uf }/L 9sfn / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L uf }/L 9sfn / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L uf }/L 9sfn / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L uf }/L 9sfn / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L uf }/L 9sfn / df=Gof= >L

s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo,s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo,s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo,s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo,s[i0fk|;fb pkfWofo, @)^@–kmf}=k'=g+=#&!#, ;jf/LHofg, >L % sf] ;/sf/ lj= ;"o{axfb'/ >]i7

clwsf/If]qsf] cefjdf jfbL bfjLvf/]h ug{kg{]df t];|f] kIfnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ lbg]k|of]hgsf nflu ?=# nfv a/fa/sf] aLdfu/fpg kg{]5 eGg] pNn]v eP klg ;jf/LwgLn];f] k|of]hgsf nflu cfˆgf] ldgLj;sf] ;d]tTo:tf] aLdf g} u/fPsf] gb]lvFbf t];|f] kIfsf]aLdf gu/fPsf] cj:yfdf Ifltk"lt{ e/fpgg;lsg] .Ohnf; clws[tM k"0f]{Zj/k|;fb pkfWofoOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t @) ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

Ohnf; g+= !)Ohnf; g+= !)Ohnf; g+= !)Ohnf; g+= !)Ohnf; g+= !)

!=

df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=

>L s[i0fk |;fb pkfWofo,>L s[i0fk |;fb pkfWofo,>L s[i0fk |;fb pkfWofo,>L s[i0fk |;fb pkfWofo,>L s[i0fk |;fb pkfWofo, @)^% ;fnsf ]b'=kmf}=k'=g=)^%-CR-)#)#, hfn;fhL, uf]s'n vqL;d]t lj= s]zj vqL .

Pscsf{;Fu cGt/\;DalGwt ;Dk"0f {ljjflbt ljifoj:t'x¿sf] lj:t[t ljj]rgf /;Dj4 ;a} tYo / k|df0fx¿sf] plrt d"NofÍgu/L ;a} ljjfbsf ljifox¿df Ps};fy OG;fkmlbFbf ;xL / k"0f{ OG;fkm x'g;Sg] cj:yf b]lvFbfk'gM lg0f{o ug'{ egL z'? lhNnf cbfntdf lkmtf{k7fpg] .Ohnf; clws[tM x]daxfb'/ ;]gsDKo"6/M cld//Tg dxh{gOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t #) ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .

@=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=

>L s[i0fk |;fb pkfWofo,>L s[i0fk |;fb pkfWofo,>L s[i0fk |;fb pkfWofo,>L s[i0fk |;fb pkfWofo,>L s[i0fk |;fb pkfWofo, @)^% ;fnsf ]b'=kmf}=k'=g=)^%-CR-)@&#, btf{ ab/ xs sfod,uf]s'n vqL ;d]t lj= s]zj vqL

k|df0fsf] plrt d"NofÍg u/L z'? txaf6}Ps};fy lg0f{o ubf{ ;xL / k"0f{ OG;fkm x'g;Sg]b]lvFbf ;f] pk|fGt km};nfdf lrQ ga'em\g] kIfn]sfg"gadf]lhd k'g/fj]bg ug{ kfpg] cj;/ /;'ljwf klg k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] .Ohnf; clws[tM x]daxfb'/ ;]gsDKo"6/M cld//Tg dxh{gOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t #) ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .o:t} k|s[ltsf lgDg d'2fdf o;}cg'¿k lg0f{o ePsf5g\M

1818181818


§ ;Dat\ @)^% ;fnsf] b'=kmf}=k'=g+= CR–)@&$, lnvt ab/, uf]s'n vqL ;d]t;d]t lj= s]zj vqL

§ ;Dat\ @)^% ;fnsf] b'=kmf}=k'=g+= CR–)@& ,̂lnvt ab/, uf]s'n vqL lj= s]zj vqL

§ ;Dat\ @)^% ;fnsf] b'=kmf}=k'=g+= CR–)@&%, lnvt ab/, uf]s'n vqL lj= s]zjvqL

§ ;Dat\ @)^% ;fnsf] b'=kmf}=k'=g+= CR–)#)), hfn;fhL, /fddfof j:g]t ;d]tlj= s]zj vqL

§ ;Dat\ @)^% ;fnsf] b'=kmf}=k'=g+= CR–)#)@, hfn;fhL, /fddfof j:g]t ;d]tlj= s]zj vqL

§ ;Dat\ @)^% ;fnsf] b'=kmf}=k'=g+= CR–)#)!, hfn;fhL, /fddfof j:g]t ;d]tlj= s]zj vqL

§ ;Dat\ @)^% ;fnsf] b'=kmf}=k'=g+= CR–)#)#, hfn;fhL, uf]s'n vqL ;d]t lj=s]zj vqL

#=df=Gof=>L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof= >L

/0faxfb'/ ad, ;Dat\ @)^# ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+=@)*,;jf/L Hofg, g]kfn ;/sf/ lj=v]dnfn k'g

dfg]{ dg;fon] 36gf:yndf bfofF Rofk]sf]eGg] gb]lvPsf] cj:yfdf 6} Fs/ rfnssf]sfj'aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt l;h{gf eO{ ;f] b'3{6gf x'guPsf] eGg] b]lvPsf] l:yltdf k|ltjfbLnfO{ ;jf/Ltyf oftfoft Joj:yf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf!^!-#_ adf]lhd ;hfo x'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM v8\uaxfb'/ >]i7Olt ;Dat\ @)^^ h]7 @! ut] /f]h z'ed\ .

$=


>L /0faxfb'/ ad, >L /0faxfb'/ ad, >L /0faxfb'/ ad, >L /0faxfb'/ ad, >L /0faxfb'/ ad, @)^$ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=)!!%/ )@&#, n]gb]g, nIdLb]jL yfkf lj= bLkaxfb'/zfxL ;d]t

lnvtadf]lhdsf] zt{ k"/f gu/L hUufkf; u/L glbPsf] cj:yfdf lnvt skfnL ;/xx'g] x'Fbf n]gb]g Jojxf/sf] @ g+= cGtu{t k/]sf]gfn];nfO{ /Ltk"j{s / xbDofbleq gk/]sf] eGg;lsg] cj:yf gx'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM gf/fo0fk|;fb /]UdLOlt ;Dat\ @)^^ a}zfv !& ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

% =% =% =% =% =


>L /0faxfb'/ ad, >L /0faxfb'/ ad, >L /0faxfb'/ ad, >L /0faxfb'/ ad, >L /0faxfb'/ ad, @)^% ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=)@&(,n]gb]g, OGb|hLt ofbj lj= efgdtL s'ld{g

hUuf ef]u u/]kl5 To;sf] cfo:tf jfnLjfbLn] g} vfPsf] b]lvof] . lnvtadf]lhdsf] ;fFjf/ sfg"gadf]lhdsf] Jofh kfpg]df hUuf ef]uu/]kl5 jfnL / Jofh bf]xf]/f] df/df kg{] u/Llg0f{o ug'{ Gofo / ljj]s;Ddt gx'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM gf/fo0fk|;fb /]UdLOlt ;Dat\ @)^^ a}zfv !& ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

^ =^ =^ =^ =^ =


>L /0faxfb'/ ad,>L /0faxfb'/ ad,>L /0faxfb'/ ad,>L /0faxfb'/ ad,>L /0faxfb'/ ad, @)^% ;fnsf] ljljw kmf}hbf/Lg+=M.S ))!), cbfntsf] cjx]ngf, dlGhnf l3ld/];d]t lj= bLk]Gb| ljqmd yfkf ;d]t

cGtl/d cfb]z l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h ePaf6lgliqmo eO{ ;f] cfb]zsf] cf}lrTo / k|of]hg g};dfKt eO;s ]sf ] b ] lvPsf ] cj:yfdfljkIfLx¿af6 ;f] cfb]zsf] pNn3+g u/L cbfntsf]

1919191919


cjx]ngf u/]sf /x]5g\ jf ug{]5g\ egL eGg' GofoPj+ sfg"g;Fut gx'g] .Ohnf; clws[tM gf/fo0fk|;fb /]UdLOlt ;Dat\ @)^^ a}zfv !& ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

&=


>L /0faxfb'/ ad, >L /0faxfb'/ ad, >L /0faxfb'/ ad, >L /0faxfb'/ ad, >L /0faxfb'/ ad, @)^% ;fnsf] ljljwkmf}hbf/L g+=M.S ))!!, cbfntsf] cjx]ngf,;jf]{Rr cbfnt ;+o'Qm Ohnf;sf] cfb]z adf]lhdlj= u[x dGqfno ;d]t

cbfntsf] cfb]zsf] kfngf ug{] s'/fsf]:jLsf/f]lQm u/L ljkIfLx¿n] lkm/fPsf] lnlvthjfkmsf] Joxf]/faf6 kqmfp ug{ s'g} cfb]zlgb{]zg lbPsf] eGg] gb]lvPsf] / o; cbfntsf]cfb]zadf]lhd lghx¿ y'gfd'Qm eO;s]sf] ;d]tb]lvPsf] cj:yfdf o; cbfntsf] cfb]zadf]lhdljkIfLx¿nfO{ cbfntsf] cjx]ngfdf s'g}lsl;dsf] sf/jfxL ul//xg' gkg{] .Ohnf; clws[tM gf/fo0fk|;fb /]UdLOlt ;Dat\ @)^^ a}zfv !& ut] /f]h % z'ed\ .

*=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=

>L df ]xgk |sfz l;6f } +nf, >L df ]xgk |sfz l;6f } +nf, >L df ]xgk |sfz l;6f } +nf, >L df ]xgk |sfz l;6f } +nf, >L df ]xgk |sfz l;6f } +nf, @)^) ;fnsf ]b]=k'=g+=($#(, gfd;f/L lg0f{o ab/ btf{ ab/ck'tfnL xs sfod, /fdcwf/k|;fb ofbj ;d]tlj= /fdfgGbk|;fb rf}/l;of ;d]t .

b'lift lqmofaf6 ePsf] btf{ ;d]tsf] sfo{k|f/Deb]lv g} ab/efuL Void ab inito x'G5 .To;nfO{ ph"/ u/L ab/ u/fO/xg' kb}{g . :jo+dfu}/sfg"gL, k|efjxLg / cdfGo x'G5 . To:tf] b'liftbtf{df ljjfb p7]df cbfntn] hlxn];'s} klgab/ ug{;Sg] .

§ o:t} k|s[ltsf] @)^) ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+=#%%#,hfn;fhL, /fdcfwf/k|;fb ofbj ;d]tlj= /fdfgGbk|;fb rf}/l;of ePsf] d'2fdfo;}cg'¿k lg0f{o ePsf] 5 .

Ohnf; clws[tM >L bLks 9sfnOlt ;Dat\\ @)^^ h]7 !! ut] /f]h @ z'ed\ .

( =( =( =( =( =

df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof= >Ldf=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof= >L

cjw]zs'df/ ofbj, cjw]zs'df/ ofbj, cjw]zs'df/ ofbj, cjw]zs'df/ ofbj, cjw]zs'df/ ofbj, @)^# ;fnsf] l/6 g+=WO–))&!, pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]z ;d]t, >LdtL sdnf/fgLofbj lj= hgsk'/ r'/f]6 sf/vfgf lnld6]8

gof F egf {å f/ f kbk " lt {sf ] nf lulgodfjnLdf g} ;]jf k|j]zsf] Go"gtd\ z}lIfsof]Uotf xfl;n u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ eGg] :ki6 k|fjwfgePkl5 j9'jfsf] xsdf;d]t ;f] k|fjwfg cfslif{tx'g ;Sb}g eGg gldNg] .

sfg"gdf g} :ki6 Joj:yf ePsf]df cfkm"cg's"n JofVof u/L sfg"gsf] k|fjwfgnfO{ lg:t]hug{ gldNg] .

Ohnf; clws[tM /d]z 1jfnLsDKo"6/M wgaxfb'/ u'?ËOlt ;Dat\\ @)^% r}t ( ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ .o:t} k|s[ltsf lgDg d'2fx¿df o;}cg'¿k lg0f{oePsf 5g\M

§ @)^# ;fnsf] l/6 g+=–WO–)!@),pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]z ;d]t, lbnLks'df/d08n lj= hgsk'/ r'/f]6 sf/vfgflnld6]8 ;d]t

§ @)^# ;fnsf] l/6 g+=–WO–))&%,pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]z ;d]t, lszf]/s'df/lj= hgsk'/ r'/f]6 sf/vfgf lnld6]8 ;d]t

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§ @)^# ;fnsf] l/6 g+=–WO–))&$,pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]z ;d]t, dfgaxfb'/ sfsL{lj= hgsk'/ r'/f]6 sf/vfgf lnld6]8 ;d]t

§ @)^# ;fnsf] l/6 g+=–WO–))&#,pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]z ;d]t, e'jg]Zj/ ofbjlj= hgsk'/ r'/f]6 sf/vfgf lnld6]8 ;d]t

§ @)^# ;fnsf] l/6 g+=–WO–))&@,pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]z ;d]t, lj/fhs'df/kf]v/]n lj= hgsk'/ r'/f]6 sf/vfgflnld6]8 ;d]t

!)=df=Gof=>L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof= >L k|sfz

j:tL, ;Dat\ @)^$ ;fnsf] CI–)#*$, hUufbtf{, åfl/sf/fd eQm dfy]df lj= dfnkf]t sfof{nos+nsL

;e]{ gfkLdf cfjfbL geO{ vf]nf, klt{,au/ egL hlgPsf] / ;fljs nutsf] hUufgb]lvPsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] k|s[ltsf] hUuf dfnkf]tP]g, @)#$ sf] bkmf &-@_ n] ;d]t btf{ ug{gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM bLks 9sfnOlt ;Dat\ @)^^ j}zfv !% ut] /f]h # z'ed\ .

!!=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=df=Gof= >L tflx/ cnL cG;f/L / df=Gof=

>L k|sfz j:tL, >L k|sfz j:tL, >L k|sfz j:tL, >L k|sfz j:tL, >L k|sfz j:tL, @)^# ;fnsf] l/6 g+M–#$$^,pTk|]if0f ldl>t k/dfb]z, ;FuLtf lqkf7L lj= n'lDagLa}+s lnld6]8, k|wfg sfof{no ;d]t

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{ nufgL;DaGwL sf/f]jf/sf] xsdf d"n C0fL / hdfgLnfO{Pp6} w/ftndf /fv]/ x]g{ ldNb}g . d"n >0fLn]C0f /sd lwtf] glbOPsf] ;DklQaf6 ;d]t ltg'{kb{5 eg] hdfgt lbg]sf] bfloTj hdfgL lbPsf]

xb;Dd dfq ;Lldt /xG5 . hdfgL C0fLxf]Ogg\ . lwtf] jf hdfgt bftfsf] x}l;ot dflyklg leGgf leGg} b[li6sf]0faf6 ljrf/ ug'{kg]{x'G5 . C0fLsf] ;uf]n kl/jf/sf ;b:on] lbPsf]lwtf] hdfgL / t];|f] JolQmn] lwtf] lbPsf]df b'a}sf]x}l;ot / l:ylt ;dfg x'Fb}g . rf}lj; nfvsf]lnld6;Dd shf{ lbg lwtf] /fv]sf]df a}+s jfljQLo ;+:yfn] of] eGbf a9L C0f k|jfx ub}{g eg]of] ;Ldf eGbf a9L bfloTj hdfgt lbg]n] Joxf]g'{kb{5 eGg' sfg"g;Fut gx'g] . oxL s'/fnfO{cfTd;ft\ u/]/ ljkIfL a} +sn] C0f c;"nLGofoflws/0fdf oL lgj]lbsf afx]s d"n C0fLsfxsdf dfq afFsL C0f /sd c;"nLsf] sf/jfxLrnfPsf] ;d]t kfOG5 . o;/L cfkm"n] d"n C0fLsf]dfq afFsL /sd ltg'kg]{ bfloTj xf] egL Pssfg"gL lgsfo ;dIf :jLsf/ u/]sf] tYo cGolgsfodf c:jLsf/ ug{ gldNg] .Ohnf; clws[tM >L bLks 9sfnOlt ;Dat\\ @)^^ j}zfv !$ ut] /f]h @ z'ed\ .

;jf] {Rr cbfnt ultljlw;jf] {Rr cbfnt ultljlw;jf] {Rr cbfnt ultljlw;jf] {Rr cbfnt ultljlw;jf] {Rr cbfnt ultljlw

;DdfggLo k |wfgGofofwLz >LdLgaxfb'/ /fodfemLHo"sf] ljz]if pkl:ylt Pj+dfggLo GofofwLz >L bfdf]b/k|;fb zdf{sf]cWoIftfdf @)^^ h]7 @% ut] a;]sf] ;jf]{Rrcbfnt d]nldnfk ;ldltåf/f lgDgadf]lhdsflg0f{ox¿ u/]sf] 5M

!!!!!= d]nldnfk;DaGwL k|lqmofnfO{ tLgj6}txsf cbfnt;DaGwL lgodfjnLx¿n]c+uLsf/ ul/;s]sf] kl/k|]Iodf o;nfO{

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cem k|efjsf/L?kdf sfof{Gjog ug{sfnflu ;j } k 'g/fj ]bg Pj + lhNnfcbfntx¿df n]vL k7fpg] .

@ =@ =@ =@ =@ = d]nldnfk ;DaGwdf ePu/]sf sfd–sf/jfxLx¿sf] k|ult ljj/0f ;a}cbfntx¿jf6 dfl;s ?kdf dufpg]Joj:yf ldnfpg] / k|fKt ljj/0fx¿sf]cWoog / ljZn]if0f u/L cfufdLa}7sx¿df lgoldt ?kdf k]z ug]{ .

#####= d]nldnfk ;ldltsf] ldlt @)^#.%.!$sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ slDtdf $) 306ftfnLd k|fKt JolQmdfq d]nldnfkstf{sf]?kdf ; "rLs [t x 'g;Sg ] xfnsf ]Joj:yfnfO{ oyfjt\ /fVg] .

$$$$$= d]nldnfk ;ldltsf] ldlt @)^%.!).!%sf lg0f{ofg';f/ Gofodf kx'Fr clej[l4kl/of]hgfåf/f d]nldnfk s]Gb| :yfkgf/ ;~rfng ;DaGwdf k | :t fjul/Padf]lhd Onfd, ;Kt/L, ;'g;/L,af/f, afUn'Ë, bfË / 8f]6Ldf cbfntk|]liftd]nldnfk / /f }tx6df ;fd'bflosd]nldnfk sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{;xdlt lbOPsf]df xfn 8f]6L / jfUn'ËlhNnfsf] ;§f afFs] / h'Dnf lhNnfdfkl/jt{g u/L sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{cg'dlt lbg] .

%%%%% = d]nldnfk;DaGwL sfo{qmd ;~rfngug]{ ljleGg ;+:yfx¿;Fu o; ;DaGwdfePsf sfd–sf/jfxLsf] lgoldt ?kdfk|ult ljj/0f k7fpg n]Vg] .

;jf] {Rr cbfntdf d]nldnfkstf{sf] ;"rLdf;jf] {Rr cbfntdf d]nldnfkstf{sf] ;"rLdf;jf] {Rr cbfntdf d]nldnfkstf{sf] ;"rLdf;jf] {Rr cbfntdf d]nldnfkstf{sf] ;"rLdf;jf] {Rr cbfntdf d]nldnfkstf{sf] ;"rLdf

xfn;Dd ;"rLs[t JolQm tyf ;+:yfsf]xfn;Dd ;"rLs[t JolQm tyf ;+:yfsf]xfn;Dd ;"rLs[t JolQm tyf ;+:yfsf]xfn;Dd ;"rLs[t JolQm tyf ;+:yfsf]xfn;Dd ;"rLs[t JolQm tyf ;+:yfsf]

gfdfjnLgfdfjnLgfdfjnLgfdfjnLgfdfjnL

!= >L sdnk|;fb O{6gL, wflbª@= >L dgf]hs'df/ >]i7, sf7df8f}+#= >L ;daxfb'/ e6[, wflbª$= >L lji0f' n'O{+6]n, kfFry/%= >L /fh' v8\sf, eQmk'/^= >L c?0ff lrqsf/, sf7df8f}+&= >L dft[sfk|;fb lg/f}nf, sf7df8f}+*= >L pQdeb| vgfn, tgx'F(= >L lgd{nf j~hf8], sf7df8f}+!)= >L /ljk|;fb nfld5fg], wflbª!!= >L tf/fk|sfz kf}8]n, jfUn'ª!@= >L /fdrGb| l;+v8f, sf7df8f}+!#= >L /fds'df/ >]i7, Ko"7fg!$= >L ?b|k|;fb zdf{ k'mofFn, emfkf!%= >L jL/]Gb|k|;fb zfx, dxf]Q/L!^= >L z}n]Gb|nfn k|wfg, nlntk'/!&= >L s]bf/dfg l;Fx >]i7, sf7df8f}+!*= >L s"nk|;fb kf08], c3f{vfFrL!(= >L lgnd kf}8]n, nlntk'/@)= >L gogeQm >]i7, sf7df8f}+@!= >L dLgf >]i7, nlntk'/@@= >L ;'gLnrGb| kf}8]n, sf7df8f}+@#= >L /fdrGb| Gof}kfg], sf7df8f}+@$= >L zf]ef j'9fyf]sL, nlntk'/@%= >L bfdf]b/ k'?if 9sfn, nlntk'/@^= >L zlzrGb| ld>, eQmk'/@&= >L /Ltf sfsL{, eQmk'/@*= >L k|sfz /fpt, eQmk'/@(= >L Zofd g]kfn, sf7df8f}+#)= >L b08kf0fL kf}8]n, sf7df8f}+

;jf]{Rr cbfnt a'n]l6g - Supreme Court of Nepal · 36]sf] s'/fdf ljjfb gx'Fbf–gx'Fb} klg ;f] 36gf...

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Transcript of ;jf]{Rr cbfnt a'n]l6g - Supreme Court of Nepal · 36]sf] s'/fdf ljjfb gx'Fbf–gx'Fb} klg ;f] 36gf...