Jerusalem is Awesome

8/6/2019 Jerusalem is Awesome

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David BradshawUshna AmerPaul Kim

History

Contemporary Jerusalem

The Old City

Jerusalem



A Past of Turmoil

During its long history, Jerusalemhas been destroyed twice, besieged23 times, attacked 53 times, andcaptured/recaptured 44 times. Oneof the oldest cities in the world, it candate itself back to the 4th millennium

BCE.

Jerusalem

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P r o t o - C a n a a n i t e

E g y p t i a n N e w

K i n g d o

m

I s r a e l - J u d a h ( H o u s e

o f D a v i d )

N e o - A s s y r i a n

N e o - B a b y l o n i a n

P e r s i a n ( A c h a e m e n i d

)

M a c e d o n i a n

H a s m o n e a n

R o m a n

B y z a n t i n e

R a s h i d u n

U m a y y a d

A b b a s i d

F a t i m i d

S e l j u q

K i n g d o m o

f J e r u s a l e m

A y y u b i d

M a m l u k

O t t o m a n

B r i t i s h

I s r a e l

I s r a e l a n d J o r d a n

P e r s i a n

B y z a n t i n e

J e b u s i t e

Old city

Jerusalem Municipal Boundary after Six Day War

Israel-Jordan Armistice Line, 1949-1967



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Ottoman Rule1517-1917

Jerusalem enjoyed a prosperousperiod of renewal and peace underSuleiman the Magnificent - includ-ing the rebuilding of the walls aroundthe Old City. The Ottomans brought

many of the first signs of moderni-zation to the city, including the firstpaved road from Jaffa to Jerusalemand the railroad.

1517 Ottomans effect peacefultakeover of Jerusalem

1535-1538 Suleiman the Magnifi-cent rebuilds walls around Jeru-

salem

1700 Rabbi Yehuda He’Hassidarrives, starts building “Hurva”Synagogue

1838 First consulate (British)opened in Jerusalem

1860 First Jewish Settlement out-side walls of the city

Jerusalem

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K i n g d o

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P e r s i a n ( A c h a e m e n i d

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M a c e d o n i a n

H a s m o n e a

R o m a n

B y z a n t i n e

R a s h i d u n

U m a y y a d

A b b a s i

F a t i m i

S e l j u q

K i n g d o m o

f J e r u s a l e m

A y y u b i d

M a m l u k

O t t o m a n

B r i t i s h

I s r a e l


P e r s i a n

B y z a n t i n e

J e b u s i t e



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British Mandate Period1917-1948

In 1917 after the Battle of Jerusa-lem, the British Army, led by GeneralEdmund Allenby captured the city,and in 1922, the League of Nationsentrusted the United Kingdom to ad-

minister the Mandate for Palestine.

Jerusalem

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P e r s i a n ( A c h a e m e n i d )

M a c e d o n i a n

H a s m o n e a

R o m a n

B y z a n t i n e

R a s h i d u n

U m a y y a d

A b b a s i

F a t i m i

S e l j u q

K i n g d o m o

f J e r u s a l e m

A y y u b i d

M a m l u k

O t t o m a n

B r i t i s h

I s r a e l


P e r s i a n

B y z a n t i n e

J e b u s i t e

1917 British conquest and Gen-eral Allenby’s entry into Jerusalem

1920 Sir Herbert Samuel appoint-ed first British High Commissioner

and “Government House” estab-lished in Jerusalem

1925 Hebrew University buildingsinaugurated

1947 United Nations Resolutionrecommending the partition ofIsrael.



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Division and Reunification1948-1967

The war of 1948 resulted in Jerusa-lem being divided, with the old walledcity lying entirely on the Jordanianside of the line. Jordan formally an-nexed East Jerusalem in 1950, sub-

jugating it to Jordanian law. Jewswere not allowed in and 34 of the 35synagogues in the Old City were de-stroyed.

Jerusalem

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M a c e d o n i a n

H a s m o n e a

R o m a n

B y z a n t i n e

R a s h i d u n

U m a y y a d

A b b a s i

F a t i m i

S e l j u q

K i n g d o m o

f J e r u s a l e

m

A y y u b i d

M a m l u k

O t t o m a n

B r i t i s h

I s r a e l


P e r s i a n

B y z a n t i n e

J e b u s i t e

1948 British Mandate ends andState of Israel Proclaimed

1949 Israel War of Liberation

Israel-Trans Jordan ArmisticeAgreement signed (Jerusalemdivided between two countries)

Jerusalem Declared Capital of theState of Israel



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Contemporary Jerusalem1967-

The Six-Day War saw hand to handfighting between Israeli and Jorda-nian soldiers on the Temple Mount,and resulted in Israel capturing EastJerusalem. The Temple Mount re-

mained under the jurisdiction of anIslamic waqf. Since the war, Israelhas expanded the city’s bounda-ries and established a ring of Jew-ish neighbourhoods on land east ofthe Green Line. Israel continues totry and expand Jewish presence inEast Jerusalem

Jerusalem

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M a c e d o n i a n

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U m a y y a d

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O t t o m a n

B r i t i s h

I s r a e l


P e r s i a n

B y z a n t i n e

J e b u s i t e

1967 Six-Day War

Israeli troops capture the Old Cityand Jerusalem reunites

Holy site access given to Muslims,Jews, and Christians

1980 Jerusalem declared capitalof Israel

2000 1204 synagogues, 158churches, and 73 mosques withinthe city



Buses, taxi cabs, and private carsare currently the only transportationoptions in Jerusalem. The JerusalemLight Rail, is currently under con-struction with the first line scheduledto open later this spring. As in theworks in a high-speed rail line fromTel Aviv to Jerusalem, scheduled for

completion in 2017.

Jerusalem

JERUSALEM

Old City

Mt. Zion

City CenterWest

Mount Scopus

NO MAN'SLAND

NO MAN'SLAND

Sanhedriyya

East Talpiyot



Test run of light rail system

Jerusalem



Bus Routes

Jerusalem



Overlooking the Temple Mount andthe outskirts towards the west (left)the hills of Jerusalem (right)

Jerusalem



MAJOR GREEN SPAC ES

The whole of Jerusalem is surround-ed by valleys and dry riverbeds. Inbiblical times, Jerusalem was sur-rounded by forests, which wereeventually destroyed, forcing farm-ers to build terraces in order to holdback soil.

Jerusalem



The population of Jerusalem on January 1st 2010 is approximately 795,291.Area: 125.2 square kilometresPopulation growth rate: 1.628% (2010 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity):$217.1 billion (2010 est.)GDP - per capita (PPP):$29,500 (2010 est.)

Age structure:0-14 years: 27.9% (male 1,031,629/female 984,230)15-64 years: 62.3% (male 2,283,034/female 2,221,301)65 years and over: 9.9% (male 311,218/female 402,289) (2010 est.)

Jerusalem

800

700

600

500

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300

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100

0

Jews & OthersArabs

1922 1931 1945 1967 1972 1983 1990 2000 2008

Population of Jerusalem by Population Group

t h o u s a n d s

2

6

8

. 6

4

9

5 .

0

763.6



LiteracyThe definition of literacy: Age 15 and over can read and write.

-Total population: 95.4%-Male: 97.3%-Female: 93.6%-Education between ages 5 and 18 is compulsory. It is not free,

but may be subsidized by the government, individual organizations (such asthe Beit Yaakov System) or a combination. Parents are expected to

participate in costs as well. The school system is organized intokindergartens, 6-year primary schools, and either 6-year secondary schoolsor 3-year junior secondary schools + 3-year senior secondary schools(depending on region), after which a comprehensive examination is offeredfor university admissions. See Education in israel and theList ofuniversities and colleges in Israel for more information.

Infant mortality ratetotal: 18.67 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 20.59 deaths/1,000 live birthsfemale: 16.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)

Population growth rate2.225% (2008 est.) [3]While in the second half of the 1980s Jerusalem’s population was growing

at 2.2-2.5% per annum, by the 1990s this had swelled to 3.7-4.0% perannum. In the past two years, the number of immigrants has tapered off, ashas the rate of increase of Jerusalem’s population, which now stands atonly 2.2% per annum.

Jerusalem



The Old City



CHRISTIANQUARTER

MUSLIMQUARTER

JEWISHQUARTER

ARMENIANQUARTER

Temple Mount

Domeof theRock

Dung Gate

Zion Gate

Herod's Gate

Lion's Gate

New Gate

Jaffa Gate

David'sTower

VALLEYOF

QIDRON

MOUNTOF

OLIVES

Citadel

Mount Zion

Today, the Old City is roughly dividedinto the Muslim Quater, The ChristianQuarter, the Jewish Quater, and theArmenian Quarter. During the time ofthe crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem,there were four gates to the Old City,one on each side. The current walls,built by Suleiman the Magnificant,

have a total of elevan gates, but onlyseven are open.

The Old City



Pedestrian

Vehicle

Transportation in the Old City

The Old City



Open vs. Built Up Space

The Old City

Old City 1841

Built up Area

Open Space



Building and Land Use

Religious InstitutionsHousing within Religious Compounds

Residential AreaCommunity Services

Commerce and Workshops Open Space

Building and Land Use

The Old City



Landmarks and Foliage

The Old City



Section

The Old City

C it y Wall Holy Sepulchre Zion or Accra Dom e of t he Rock Kidron Valley

WEST EAST



Old City wall at night (left) and JaffaGate (right)

The Old City



Streets of the Old City

The Old City



The Dome of the Rock (left) David’sTower (center) and Church of theHoly Sepulchre (right)

The Old City



Demascus Gate (left) and the West-ern/Wailing Wall (right)

The Old City



Statistics:http://www.trueknowledge.comcia.govhttp://www.camera.org/index.asp?x_context=4&x_outlet=12&x_article=1789http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalem

Photos:http://www.sxc.hu

google photoshttp://c.photoshelter.com/img-get/I0000FKRpNRQ7G4g/shttp://www.subways.net/israel/DSC_0398m.jpg

Maps:google mapshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_City_(Jerusalem)#Gates

Sources

Jerusalem is Awesome

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