Jerome and the Jewish People Amy Downey – Director Friend, Foe or Something Else?
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Transcript of Jerome and the Jewish People Amy Downey – Director Friend, Foe or Something Else?
Jerome and the Jewish
PeopleAmy Downey – Director
Friend, Foe or Something Else?
Problematic Issues in Early Church History…
Problematic Issues for Early Church History…
Jerome(331/347-
420)• Born to nominal Christian parents in Stridon, Dalmatia (modern-day Eastern Europe)
• Sought to be an ascetic but was a spectacular failure – not cut out for living in a cave
Cave Livin’ Was Not
the Life for Him…(Sing
Along!)
Jerome(331/347-
420)• Lived the life of a monastic in "Palestine" until his death
• Known for a spectacularly bad temper & including women in the work of ministry
Jerome(331/347-
420)• Jewish believers by the time of Jerome had been almost fully assimilated
• Only exception were the heretical Ebionites who rejected the divinity of Yeshua
Jerome and Exegesis
• One of the few Patristic Fathers to include rabbinical views into his hermeneutical opinions (reflected in some of his commentaries)
• Utilized a literal, moral and allegorical approach for his hermeneutical style along with prayer
Jerome and Exegesis
• Dealt with accusations of “plagiarism” and being dependent on the works of Origen and others
• Battled with Augustine over the Vulgate translation of the Tanakh from the original Hebrew (i.e., Augustine preferred Septuagint)
Jerome and Exegesis
• Considered the battle worthwhile in order to secure a translation that was “ad litteram or iuxta historiam”
• Controversy grew when he translated Jonah 4:6 as “ivy” instead of “gourd” as did the Septuagint
Jerome and Judaism
• 392 – Lives of Famous Men included Jewish men
• Learned Hebrew from Jewish scholars
• Believed Jewish believers should be allowed to continue Jewish practices if it did not contradict the doctrines of Christianity
Jerome and Judaism
BUT in a Letter to Augustine -- “I may boldly declare that the Jewish ceremonies are to Christians both hurtful and fatal; and that whoever observes them, whether he be Jew or Gentile originally, is cast into the pit of perdition.”
Jerome and Judaism
“…If, however, there is for us no alternative but to receive the Jews into the Church,… if, in short, it shall be declared lawful for them to continue in the Churches of Christ what they have been accustomed to practice in the synagogues of Satan, I will tell you my opinion of the matter, they will not become Christians, but they will make us Jews .”
Jerome and Judaism
• Jerome’s commentaries taught …• Jewish people were Edom’s true face
in Obadiah• Haggai’s prophecies taught
Supersessionism• But … Jerome never wrote an
Adversus Judaeos• Jerome attacked Rufinus for being
anti-Jewish
“…how can the Jews, the people to whom God first spoke, the keepers of the Hebrew Bible, be cut off from the new dispensation, while at the same time still be of surpassing interest to him [Jerome]?”JOEL ITZKOWITZ – WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
Jerome and the Jewish
PeopleFriend, Foe or Something Else?
… YES…