Jean Piaget's Cognitive Development Theory

7/28/2019 Jean Piaget's Cognitive Development Theory

1/19


2/19

Jean Piaget

The Swiss psychologistand educator Jean

Piaget is famous for hislearning theories basedon different stages in thedevelopment of

children's intelligence.


3/19

Piaget's theory of cognitivedevelopment is a comprehensive theory about the

nature and development of

human intelligence.

It is primarily known as a developmentalstage theory, but in fact, it deals with the

nature of knowledge itself and how

humans come gradually to acquire,construct, and use it.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_stage_theorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_stage_theorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_stage_theorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_stage_theories


4/19

Basic Cognitive Concept

SchemaPiaget used the term schema to refer

to the cognitive structures, by whichindividuals intellectually adapt to and

organize their environment.


5/19

AssimilationThis is the process of fitting a new

experiences into an existing or previouslycreated cognitive structure or schema.

AccommodationThis is the process of creating a newschema.

Equilibrationis achieving proper balance between

assimilation and accommodation.


6/19

Piagets Stages of Cognitive

Development

Sensori-motor Stageis the first of the four stages in

cognitive development which "extends

from birth to the acquisition oflanguage.

In this stage, infants construct an

understanding of the world bycoordinating experiences (such asseeing and hearing) with physical,motoric actions.


7/19

The cognitive milestoneat this stage is -------

OBJECT PERMANENCE.


8/19

Pre-operational Stage- covers from about 2-7 years old,

roughly corresponding to the preschoolyears.

- During this stage, the child learns touse and to represent objects by images,words, and drawings.

- The child is able to form stableconcepts as well as mental reasoning

and magical beliefs.


9/19

-

The child however is still not able toperform operations; tasks that the child

can do mentally rather than physically.

- Thinking is still egocentric.


10/19

This stage is highlighted by thefollowing:

The Symbolic FunctionThis is the ability to represent objects

and events.

--- a symbo lis a thing that represents

something else.


11/19

Egocentrism- this is the ability of a child to only

see his point of view and too assume

that everyone also has his same point of

view.

Centration- this refers to the tendency of the

child to only focus on one aspect of athing or event and exclude other

aspects.


12/19

ReversibilityThe pre-operational children still has

the inability to reverse their thinking.

AnimismThis is the tendency of children to

attribute human like traits or

characteristics to inanimate objects.


13/19

Transductive ReasoningThis refers to the pre-operational

childs type of reasoning that is neither

inductive or deductive. Reasoning

appears to be from particular toparticular i.e., if A causes B, then B

causes A.


14/19

Concrete-operational StageThis stage, which follows the

preoperational stage, occurs betweenthe ages of 7 and 11 years and is

characterized by the appropriate use of

logic.Important processes during this stage are:

Decenteringwhere the child takesinto account multiple aspects of a

problem to solve it.


15/19

Reversibilitythe child understandsthat numbers or objects can be

changed, then returned to their originalstate.

Conservationunderstanding thatquantity, length or number of items isunrelated to the arrangement or

appearance of the object or items.

Seriationthe ability to sort objects inan order according to size, shape, or

any other characteristic.


16/19

Formal operational Stage- Intelligence is demonstrated through

the logical use of symbols related toabstract concepts.

- At this point, the person is capableof hypothetical and deductive reasoning.


17/19

This stage is characterized bythe following:

Hypothetical Reasoning- this is the ability to come up with

different hypothesis about a problemand to gather and weigh data in order to

make a final decision or judgment.


18/19

Analogical Reasoning- this is the ability to perceive the

relationship in one instance and then

use that relationship to narrow down

possible answer in another similar

situation or problem.Deductive Reasoning

- this is the ability to think logically by

applying a general rule to a particular

instance or situation.


19/19

Piagets Stages of Development

Jean Piaget's Cognitive Development Theory

Documents

Transcript of Jean Piaget's Cognitive Development Theory