Jean Piaget & Lev Vygotsky Theories on Cognitive Development (1)
Jean Piaget-Four Basic Cognitive Concepts(Illustration)
Transcript of Jean Piaget-Four Basic Cognitive Concepts(Illustration)
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PIAGET THEORYOF COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE
DEVELOPMENT Imelda C. Grado
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Jean Piaget
born August 9, 1896 in Neuchâtel,Switzerland
died in Geneva on September 816,1980. he was 84 years old.
Arthur Piaget(Swiss) professor of medieval literature
at the University of Neuchâtel,
Rebecca Jackson(French)
Oldest son
1923Married
Velentine Chatenaychildren, Jacqueline, Lucienne
and LaurentWhom Piaget studied from
infancy
Parents
three children,
Life
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Jean Piaget(Jean William Fritz Piaget)
1918Completed Doctorate in Biology. And he turned to psychology
1919He went to Zurich where he studies and worked in psychological clinics (psychological experimentation))
1919He went to Paris spent 2 years at the SorbonneChance to work in Binets Laboratory(standardizing several test)Development of children's intelligence could be studied Experimentally
1921Offered directorship of studies at the Institute J. J. Rousseau in Geneva1969First European cited by the American Psychological Association
1955Help of grant from Rocketfeller Foundation The International Center for Genetic Epistemology was established in Geneva
Several FieldsPhysics,biology,mathematics,language as well as psychology and education.
Geneva Group Program for scholars groups that grew up around Piaget(several Program Studied)
Education, works and booksEDUCATION WORKS AND BOOKS
age of 10 managed his first publicationa partly albino sparrow he found in a park. at age of 15 Direct work toward biological explanation of knowledgeAge of 21Published 25 professionals papers(mostly on Mollusks)(considered one of the worlds few experts on mollusks)1918Published two works 1.Biology and War2. Recherche(Search or research)Age of 30Famous of his works in psychology in University of Geneva
Harvard(a936)Sorbonne(1946)University of Brussels(1949)University of Brazil at Rio de Janeiro(1949)Comumbia( 1970)
Honorary DegreesHonored around the
word.
• Constructivism• genetic
epistemology• Theory of
cognitive development
• Object permanence
• egocentrism
Jean William Fritz Piaget
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Intellectual Organization and Adaptation
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Intellectual Organization and Adaptation
OrganizationOf the Environment
AdaptationPhysical Environment
Biological ActEarly work
Cognitive Act
Intellectual/ Biological Activity
Total/Process
Intellectual Functioning
Adapt
Environment and Organize Experience
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Process of Intellectual Organization and Adaptation
Jean Piaget
Four basic Cognitive Concepts
equilibriumassimilation accommodationschema
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schema
Cognitive or mental structures by which individuals intellectually adapt to
organize the environment
Believes that mind
Schema/SchemataSingular/Plural
Schematathought
Concept of categories
Index FileRepresents
Schema
Schemata Process and identify incoming stimuli
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concept of categories
Index FileRepresents
Schema
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Index FileRepresents Schema
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??
DOGS HAVE 4
LEGS
I NEED TO GO TO UNI TO BE ABLE TO
WORK AS A VET
DOGS, CATS & HORSE’S
HAVE 4 LEGS
ANIMALS ARE INTERESTING CREATURES
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Ahh!It’s a Dog
It’s a Dog
Initial schema child's begins to develop an understanding of what the
dog is from a picture book
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“Jean look at that animal. What is it
“Ahm!It is a dog”
John looked into the field and saw a cow (new stimulus)
He had never been saw a cow
Schema(File)Place into Closely
approximately Identifies
Concept
Change
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schema
Cognitive or mental structures by which individuals intellectually adapt to
organize the environment
believes
Schema/SchemataSingular/Plural
Schematathought
Concept of categories
Index FileRepresents
Schema
Schemata Process and identify incoming stimuli
Concept Change
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AssimilationIs the cognitive process by which a person integrates new perceptual,
motor conceptual matter into existing schemata or pattern of behavior
Viewed as the cognitive process of placing(classifying)new stimulus events into existing schemata
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AccommodationNew stimulus
Assimilate existing schema
Tries to Stimulus cannot be place or assimilated into schema
sometimes
Characteristics of a stimulus does not approximate required Childs available schemata
What can he/she do?
1.He can create new schema into which he can place the stimulus ( a new index
card on the file)
2.He can modify an existing schema so that the stimulus will fit to it.
confronted
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Dogschema?
Horse Schema
4 legged things
schema
peopleschema?
catschema?
Schemata are constructed with experience
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Stimuli are “forced” to
Fit the persons structure
During assimilation
Tail Fur Snout Paws Bark(woof,arf..)
Spots Tail Horns Wide nose Udders hoves Fur Snout Paws Sounds as (moo)Accommodation
Change
force
Schema New Stimuli
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Birth Adulthood
knowledge is constructed
AssimilationFits
Accommodationchange
Four basic cognitive concept
SchemaBuilding block of
knowledge
Equilibrationbalance
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Equibration
EquilibrationBalance between assimilation and
accommodation to create stable understanding
(Equal)
Assimilation Accommodation
Translate incoming information into a form they can understand
Adapt current knowledge structures in response to new experience
Example:person always assimilated stimuli
And never accommodatedResult to:
Unable to detect differenceExample:
The cow forever remain a dog
Example:person always accommodate stimuli
And never assimilateResult to:
most things seen as different
Result is Abnormal intellectual growth
Equal
EquilibriumSelf-regulatory necessary
mechanism necessary to ensure the developing child
efficient interaction with the environment
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Assimilation Accommodation
Disequilibrium State of imbalance
between Assimilation and Accommodation
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EquilibrationProcess of moving
from disequilibrium to equilibrium
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Stimuli are “forced” to
Fit the persons structure
During assimilation
Tail Fur Snout Paws Bark(woof,arf..)
Spots Tail Horns Wide nose Udders hoves Fur Snout Paws Sounds as (moo)Accommodation
Change
force
Schema New Stimuli
That s cow
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