Jay BabinOWT Thailand

Trash to Gas to ElectricityUse Landfill Gas (LFG) to power an engine to

run a generator to produce electricityElectricity can be used “in-house” or sold to

the gridMore gas produced means more power

(potentially)More gas captured means more powerOver 1,200 LFG to energy projects world-

wide From 0.5 MW to >50 MW

Trash to Gas to ElectricityOrganic material in landfills will biodegrade.

With oxygen present produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water

Without oxygen (anaerobic) produce methane (CH4), CO2, and water

Thus need to promote anaerobic biodegradation

Couple with enhanced recovery

Sanitary Landfill

Source: BAGCHI Waste Management

LFG Utilization (Trash to Cash)

Trash to Gas to ElectricityLandfill gas consists of CH4 (50-60%) CO2

(35-45) and other trace gases (H2S, O2)Must optimize both gas production as well as

gas collectionCollect the gas (horizontal and/or vertical

wells)Pre-treatment (KOP) to remove waterEither Flare Further treatment (filters/cooler) then

generate electricity

LFG Generation for 3,000 TPD to 2010

LFGE Economics in Thailand

Power Pricing -three components:

VSPP Standard Pricing:

SupplyPeak: THB 2.9278/kWh Off-peak: THB 1.1154/kWh

assume 2.02 Bt/KWhFt charge:

THB 0.9255/kWhAdder:

THB 2.5/kWhTotal of 5.4471 Bt/kWh

VSPP Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)

LFG Economics in Thailand

1 MW/year Electricity produced provides 7,446,000 kWh (assume 85% available)

= 40,559,106 THB/year=1,329,806 $US/year @ 30.5 THB/$US

Electricity Revenue (3,000 TPD)

Total electricity revenue is $US 140 Million

GHG Revenue

130 m3 of = 1 Tonne of CO2 equivalents GHG income is 46 M $USTOTAL Revenue = 186 M $US

CostsExtremely variable

Power costs ~750 K/MW (7.5 M $US)Gas Collection Infrastructure 1 M $US/MW = 10 M $US

Infrastructure (compound) cost (~400 K/MW) 4 M $US

Labour 1 M $US/year = 22 M $USO&M 1 M $US/year = 22 M $USTotal 65.5 M $USExcluding Gas rights (negotiable)

EconomicsRevenue = 186 M $USCost = 65.5 M $USNet (excluding gas rights) is 120.5 M $US