Java & Tomcat

7/30/2019 Java & Tomcat

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YoLinux Tutorial: Java Servlets, JSP, Jakarta-

Tomcat, a Database (PostgreSQL or

MySQL), Apache and Linux

This covers dynamic content using JAVA servlets, JAVA Server Pages (JSP and

JASPER page compiler), Jakarta-Tomcat, Apache and a Database (PostgreSQL

or MySQL) on Red Hat Linux 7.2. A configuration presented here will allow one

to make a web request to the Apache web server which will recognize it asrequest for a servlet to be handled by Tomcat. Tomcat, the Java Servlet and JSP

engine, will execute the Java Servlet which will use JDBC to access a database

(PostgreSQL or MySQL). The servlet will dynamically generate a web page

based on the results of the database query and will provide these results to

Apache which will deliver the web content back to the requesting browser.

Instead of using C/C++ or PERL for a CGI back-end web server process, one

may use JAVA servlets processed by the Jakarta project's "Tomcat". Apache will

be configured to use the module mod_jk to communicate with Jakarta-Tomcat

and it's JVM (JAVA virtual machine). Servlet programs are written as JAVA

classes which inherit from "HttpServlet" to provide much of their principal

function.

JAVA Server Pages (JSP) will utilize Tomcat's JASPER page compiler to

generate dynamic web pages based on custom tags in one's HTML pages which

are processed and served. These pages use the tag "" to denote JSP

directives to be dynamically processed.
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It has been my experience on this project that the configurations for the versions

of software discussed here are very specific to the release. In this case we will be

using Tomcat 4.0. Older releases of Tomcat (version 3) are configured

differently. These versions of Tomcat and Apache can also be installed on newer

releases of the operating system.

An example of a Java Servlet using JDBC to access a database (PostgreSQL or

MySQL) is also covered.

Contents:

Java JDK 1.4 - Installation, configuration

Jakarta Project: Tomcat 4.0 - Installation, configuration

Simple Java Servlet Example

Apache 1.3 - Tomcat 4.0 Configuration(Note: Apache 2.0 re-architected the way it handles modules. It will be

incompible with the mod_jk module used in this tutorial.) Using a Servlet to connect and retrieve data from a database

Links

Books

Note: Make sure your computer has massive amounts of memory!!!!

Related

YoLinux

Tutorials:

Java on

Linux

IBM

Webspher

e

YoLinux

Tutorials

Index

JAVAInstallation/Configuration:

In order to write and compile a JAVA programs, applets or servlets one

must download the JAVA Development Kit (JDK) which provides a

compiler, class libraries and tools to compile and run JAVA code. In

this tutorial we will use the Sun JDK but I'm sure any will do. See

YoLinux JAVA for a list of available JDK's for Linux.

Downloadthe Sun JDK:

JAVA 2 Standard Edition - Main page and info

Java 2 Platform (J2SE), Standard Edition version 1.4

http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/download.html - Actual Download

Note: The Java Runtime Environment (JRE) will be adequate to

configure the server environment but the Software Development Kit(SDK) is required if one wants to write and compile JAVA programs.

The "Forte SDK" is a full blown interactive GUI driven development

environment. The SDK is available in RPM and tar format.

Download j2sdk-1_4_0-linux-i386-rpm.bin

chmod +x j2sdk-1_4_0-linux-i386-rpm.bin

./j2sdk-1_4_0-linux-i386-rpm.bin
http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#JAVAJDKhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#TOMCAThttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#SERVLET1http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#APACHETOMCAThttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#DATABASEhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#LINKShttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#BOOKShttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialJava.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialJava.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialJava.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSphere.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSphere.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSphere.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/index.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/index.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/index.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialJava.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/index.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/index.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/download.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/download.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#JAVAJDKhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#TOMCAThttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#SERVLET1http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#APACHETOMCAThttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#DATABASEhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#LINKShttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#BOOKShttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialJava.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialJava.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSphere.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSphere.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSphere.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/index.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/index.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/index.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialJava.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/index.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/download.html


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rpm -ivh j2sdk-1_4_0-fcs-linux-i386.rpm

SDK installed in /usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/.

Configuration:

Set the environment variable PATH. Add statement to

$HOME/.bash_profile or $HOME/.bashrc or shell script which

controls the environment.PATH=/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/bin:$PATHexport PATHexport JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0exportCLASSPATH=/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/lib/tools.jar:/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/jre/lib/rt.jar

The shell script may be re-executed with the command: ..bashrc

[Potential Pitfall]: Java SDK 1.4.0_03 now requires the current

working directory to be listed to find files. Add reference to

current directory ":./" to CLASSPATH.

exportCLASSPATH=/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0_03/lib/tools.jar:/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0_03/jre/lib/rt.jar:./

Test:

Use the following test program: Test.javapublic class Test{

public static void main(String[] args){

System.out.println("Hello world");}

}

Compile: javac Test.java

(or /usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/bin/javac Test.java)

Note that the file name and the class name are the same. This

became a requirement in JDK 1.4. The result of the compile is

the file: Test.class

Run:

[prompt]$ java TestHello world

(or /usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/bin/java Test)
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Links:

Sun.com: J2SE 1.4 installation instructions

J2SE 1.4 Documentation

Jakarta Project - Tomcat:

Tomcat is the JAVA "container" or processor for Java Servlets and

Java Server Pages (JSP). Note also that JAVA must be installed in

order for Tomcat to operate. (See previous section above) This tutorial

will focus on the use of Tomcat with Apache but it should be noted that

the default Tomcat installation enables Tomcat to be a stand-alone http

web server and servlet container.

The Jakarta Project: Apache Tomcat JAVA Servlet and JSP containerhome page

Download:Tomcat 4.0 RPMs (Release: Catalina. Servlet 2.3 and JSP

1.2 specifications.)

regexp-1.2-1.noarch.rpm

servletapi4-4.0.3-1.noarch.rpm - servlet.jar files

xerces-j-1.4.4-1.noarch.rpm - Xerces is an XML parser available from the

Apache Software Foundation.

tomcat4-webapps-4.0.3-1.noarch.rpm

tomcat4-4.0.3-1.noarch.rpm

Install:rpm -ivh regexp-1.2-1.noarch.rpm servletapi4-4.0.3-1.noarch.rpm tomcat4-webapps-4.0.3-1.noarch.rpm tomcat4-4.0.3-1.noarch.rpm xerces-j-1.4.4-2.noarch.rpm

Symlinks generated from /usr/share/java/... to /var/tomcat4/

Documentation:

Tomcat 4.0 Documentation

Also look at local documentation:/usr/share/doc/tomcat4-4.0.3/forrelease notes.

Local app documentation files:/var/tomcat4/webapps/tomcat-docs/

Configfile:/etc/tomcat4/conf/tomcat4.conf

Change the following reference to JAVA_HOME to:
http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/install-docs.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/install-docs.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/index.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/index.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/index.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat-4.0/release/v4.0.3/rpms/http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-4.0-doc/index.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/install-docs.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/index.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/index.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/index.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat-4.0/release/v4.0.3/rpms/http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-4.0-doc/index.html


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JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0

Notes:

JAVA environment variable seem to be set here rather

than in a start script.

Environment variable options:

o CATALINA_HOME: Tomcat installation directoryo CATALINA_OPTS example: export

CATALINA_OPTS="-Djava.ext.dirs=/dummy_dir" Command line switches to pass to the Java

Runtime Environment

o CLASSPATH: Optional - Runs without this but I

used it when adding custom JAR files(CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:/var/tomcat4/lib:/usr/share/pgsql:/usr/java/jre/lib:/usr/java/j2sdk1

.4.0/lib:) Tomcat will execute as user tomcat4

Configfiles:

/var/tomcat4/conf/server.xml - Servlet container configuration:

Defines services offered, TCP port numbers for services, SSL,

JDBC configuration for MySQL (user/passwd), PostgreSQL,

Oracle, ODBC, etc. Later we will configure Apache to use one of

these services.

/var/tomcat4/conf/web.xml - Tomcat's built-in http server global

config file: Defines servlets to be processed by Tomcat. Some

are predefined to perform pre-configured tasks like SSI, JSP,etc.

/var/tomcat4/conf/catalina.policy - Security policy

permissions for Tomcat

/var/tomcat4/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/web.xml - Application

specificconfig file.

Later we will use Tomcat with Apache's http server.

Start:service tomcat4 start (or: /etc/init.d/tomcat4 start)

Or execute init script directly: /etc/rc.d/init.d/tomcat4 startTo add to init boot process: /sbin/chkconfig --add tomcat4

Tomcat (and listener socket waiting for requests) will start before

Apache so that Apache will have a socket to which it can

connect and communicate. Tomcat will also stop after Apache.

Have patience as there is a lot of stuff going on. Use the

command top to look at all the JAVA processes being initiated.


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When the top processes are no longer Java, then Tomcat is

probably ready.

[Potential Pitfall]: Note that the command service tomcat4 stop

was not always successful in stopping all Java processes. Use

the command ps -auwx | grep tomcat to measure success.

Test:

http://localhost:8180/

http://localhost:8180/examples/jsp/index.html - JSP samples

Note:

Port 8180 is defined in /var/tomcat4/conf/server.xml.

If changed you must restart Tomcat: service tomcat4

restart (or: /etc/init.d/tomcat4 restart)If using stand-alone and not with Apache, change this to

port 80.

Tomcat includes an http server which this test is using.

We will be integrating it into the Apache environment sothat Apache will be the default server and Tomcat will be

processing JSP's and Servlets.

Tomcat Log files: /var/tomcat4/logs/

Application directories:

o Servlets and utility classes:/var/tomcat4/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/

o JAR files and JDBC drivers:/var/tomcat4/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/lib/

TomcatManager:Tomcat comes with a web management interface. (It's weak, so

don't expect much.)

The access is controlled by the file /var/tomcat4/conf/tomcat-

users.xml Add a manager definition in tomcat-users.xml:
http://localhost:8180/http://localhost:8180/examples/jsp/index.htmlhttp://localhost:8180/http://localhost:8180/examples/jsp/index.html


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- Added thisline with "manager role"

- See: Sun Java GettingStarted Guide

Then restart: service tomcat4 restart

Use URL to list web applications:

http://localhost:8180/manager/list

Note:

Do NOT make a login error. It does not forgive easily.Access from a different host to recover.

Do not access before configuring tomcat-users.xml

because of this.

Documentation: http://localhost:8180/tomcat-

docs/manager-howto.html - [Web]

Notes:

The rpm tomcat4-webapps-4.0.3-1.noarch.rpm will install many

examples (JAVA source .java and compiled .class) in

/var/tomcat4/webapps/. If all you are running are static web pages, JSP and servlets

then all you may need is Tomcat as it is an http server. If you

need the functionality of Apache to execute CGI, php and

support for many of the Apache features then read ahead to

learn how to use Apache to invoke Tomcat to support JSP and

Java Servlets.

JAVAServlet Example:

File: MyHelloWorld.java

import java.io.*;import java.text.*;import java.util.*;import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class MyHelloWorld extends HttpServlet {
http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/ea2/tutorial/doc/GettingStarted2.html#64132http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/ea2/tutorial/doc/GettingStarted2.html#64132http://localhost:8180/manager/listhttp://localhost:8180/tomcat-docs/manager-howto.htmlhttp://localhost:8180/tomcat-docs/manager-howto.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-4.0-doc/manager-howto.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-4.0-doc/manager-howto.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/ea2/tutorial/doc/GettingStarted2.html#64132http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/ea2/tutorial/doc/GettingStarted2.html#64132http://localhost:8180/manager/listhttp://localhost:8180/tomcat-docs/manager-howto.htmlhttp://localhost:8180/tomcat-docs/manager-howto.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-4.0-doc/manager-howto.html


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public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)

throws IOException, ServletException{

response.setContentType("text/html");

PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();out.println("");out.println("");out.println("");out.println("Hello World!");out.println("");out.println("");out.println("Hello World!");out.println("");out.println("");

}}

CreateSourceFile:/var/tomcat4/webapps/examples/WEB-

INF/classes/MyHelloWorld.java

SetCLASSPATH environmentvariable:

export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:/var/tomcat4/common/lib/servlet.jar

ORexportCLASSPATH=/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/lib/tools.jar:/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/jre/lib/rt.jar:/var/tomcat4/common/lib/servlet.jar

Note: /var/tomcat4/common/lib/servlet.jar is soft linked to

/usr/share/java/servlet-2.3.jar.

Compile:

[prompt]$ cd /var/tomcat4/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/[prompt]$ javac MyHelloWorld.java

(OR/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/bin/javac MyHelloWorld.java )

This creates file: /var/tomcat4/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/MyHelloWorld.class

Note:

Java class com.mycompany.mypackage.MyServlet would be

stored in /WEB-INF/classes/com/mycompany/mypackage/MyServlet.class

Libraries (JAR files, JDBC drivers, etc) held in /WEB-INF/lib/ if

one follows standard configuration. (I took the easy path

instead.)


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TomcatTest:http://localhost:8180/examples/servlet/MyHelloWorld

Don't expect a lot. It just generates a web page dynamically which

states "Hello World".

Note:

The mapping of path /var/tomcat4/webapps/examples/WEB-

INF/classes/ to the URL /examples/servlet/ is defined in

/var/tomcat4/conf/web.xml. Look for the XML tag "".

Many examples with source code are included with Tomcat.

See: http://localhost:8180/examples/servlets/index.html

Apache- TomcatConfiguration:

Apache is a fast and configurable web server. This section covers

using Apache as the primary web server but using Tomcat to process

JSP and Servlets. This configuration uses the AJP (Apache JServ

Protocol) connector element (mod_jk) to perform this task. The Apache

module mod_jk will send servlet requests to Tomcat using TCP/IP

sockets for communications. Module mod_jk works with Tomcat

versions 3.x and 4.x.

There are numerous Apache connection modules:

Connector

Name

ApacheModule

NameConnectionProtocol

Tomcat

Version

AJP mod_jk AJP1.2,AJP1.3 3, 4

Coyote JK2 mod_jk AJP/JK1.3,AJP/JK1.4 4.1

WARP mod_webapp WARP 4

JSERV mod_jserv ?? old

AJP mod_jkInstallation:

First check to see if Apache is compiled to support DSO:/usr/sbin/httpd -lIf one of the lines contains the result mod_so.c then support is

available.

Download mod_jk RPM: http://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat-4.0/release/v4.0.3/rpms/mod_jk-1.3-1.0-1.4.0.2.i386.rpm
http://localhost:8180/examples/servlet/MyHelloWorldhttp://localhost:8180/examples/servlets/index.htmlhttp://localhost:8180/examples/servlets/index.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat-4.0/release/v4.0.3/rpms/mod_jk-1.3-1.0-1.4.0.2.i386.rpmhttp://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat-4.0/release/v4.0.3/rpms/mod_jk-1.3-1.0-1.4.0.2.i386.rpmhttp://localhost:8180/examples/servlet/MyHelloWorldhttp://localhost:8180/examples/servlets/index.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat-4.0/release/v4.0.3/rpms/mod_jk-1.3-1.0-1.4.0.2.i386.rpmhttp://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat-4.0/release/v4.0.3/rpms/mod_jk-1.3-1.0-1.4.0.2.i386.rpm


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This module is dependent on the version of Apache one is

using. For this tutorial I am using Apache 1.3.

Download EAPI version of mod_jk:http://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-

tomcat/release/v3.3/bin/linux/i386/mod_jk-3.3-ap13-eapi.so

The default Red Hat compiled Apache uses an API called EAPI

which is incompatible with the version of mod_jk.so included in

the RPM. Download and rename as

/usr/lib/apache/mod_jk.so. This will overwrite the version

installed by the RPM. The RPM is still required for the

configuration files.

Or build mod_jk from source:http://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat-4.0/release/v4.0.3/src/jakarta-tomcat-connectors-4.0.2-01-src.tar.gz

o Unpack: tar -xzf jakarta-tomcat-connectors-4.0.2-01-src.tar.gzo cd jakarta-tomcat-connectors-4.0.2-01-

src/jk/native/apache-1.3/

o Edit script: build-unix.sh

Change lines:

JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0

APACHE_HOME=/etc/httpd

APXS=/usr/sbin/apxs

cp mod_jk.so /usr/lib/apache

o Compile: . build-unix.sh

ConfigurationFile Modifications:

The configuration file changes discussed below relate to those

released with the RPM mod_jk-1.3-1.0-1.4.0.2.i386.rpm.

Define TCP/IP ports will be used for communications between

Apache and Tomcat.

o See Tomcat-Apache config file:/etc/httpd/conf/workers.properties(A separate host may also be specified.) (If you are

defining multiple JVM's/servlet processors, used in virtual

hosting, each must be assigned a different port.)o Tomcat services are defined in

/var/tomcat4/conf/server.xml (See "Connector"

definition) and in the Apache include file mod_jk.conf.

Resource parameters may also be set to control the

maximum number of threads which can be spawned.

Apache configuration to define:
http://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat/release/v3.3/bin/linux/i386/mod_jk-3.3-ap13-eapi.sohttp://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat/release/v3.3/bin/linux/i386/mod_jk-3.3-ap13-eapi.sohttp://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat/release/v3.3/bin/linux/i386/mod_jk-3.3-ap13-eapi.so


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o module to load for communication with Tomcat. (Add to

httpd.conf)

o path (URL of servlets) and/or file types (JSP file types)

which are destined for Tomcat processing. All requests in

the given path (servlet location) or request of a given file

type (i.e. *.jsp) will then be processed by Tomcat. (SeeJkMount directive in Apache include file mod_jk.conf)

Everything else is served by Apache.

Modify: /etc/httpd/conf/workers.properties

workers.tomcat_home=/var/tomcat4 - Changed.Default was /var/tomcat3workers.java_home=/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0 - Changedto reflect location of JDK

ps=/worker.list=ajp12, ajp13

# Define a worker named ajp12 and of type ajp12# Note that the name and the type do not have to match.#worker.ajp12.port=8007worker.ajp12.host=localhostworker.ajp12.type=ajp12worker.ajp12.lbfactor=1

# Define a worker named Ajp13#worker.ajp13.port=8009worker.ajp13.host=localhost

worker.ajp13.type=ajp13worker.ajp13.lbfactor=1

worker.loadbalancer.type=lbworker.loadbalancer.balanced_workers=ajp12, ajp13

# Defining a worker named inprocess and of type jniworker.inprocess.type=jni

# Additional class path components.worker.inprocess.class_path=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)server$(ps)lib$(ps)tomcat-ajp.jar - Changed thisline to match location of library.

worker.inprocess.cmd_line=startworker.inprocess.class_path=$(workers.java_home)$(ps)lib$(ps)tools.jar - This line based on something Iread. (Also modified to match installation)

# Unix - Sun VM or blackdownworker.inprocess.jvm_lib=$(workers.java_home)$(ps)jre$(ps)lib$(ps)i386$(ps)server$(ps)libjvm.so - Changedthis line to match location of library.


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# Setting the place for the stdout and stderr of tomcatworker.inprocess.stdout=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)logs$(ps)inprocess.stdoutworker.inprocess.stderr=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)logs$(ps)inprocess.stderr

The effect of this configuration is to define socket listeners and

communication protocols between Apache and Tomcat.

Add to: /var/tomcat4/conf/server.xml

Within the XML tags:...

Define listener:

Add definitions for connectors on ports 8007 and 8009 for

workers.

For some reason the listener definition has no effect within the

"Service" tag identified as "Tomcat-Apache". (I don't know why)

Add to: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

LoadModule jk_module /usr/lib/apache/mod_jk.soORLoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so......AddModule mod_jk.c......Include /etc/httpd/conf/mod_jk.conf

Notes: I added the "LoadModule" statement after the list of all the

other "LoadModule" statements.

The statement "AddModule mod_jk.c" is placed after the

line "ClearModuleList" and after all the "AddModule"

declarations. Why? I don't know why position is important,

but when listed as the first "AddModule" entry after


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"ClearModuleList", it would not work.

The statement modules/mod_jk.so is a relative reference

from /etc/httpd/. The directory /etc/httpd/modules/ is

soft linked to /usr/lib/apache/

File: /etc/httpd/conf/mod_jk.conf(Change references of "tomcat"

to "tomcat4" throughout the file, otherwise the default file is ok.)

JkWorkersFile /etc/httpd/conf/workers.propertiesJkLogFile /var/log/httpd/mod_jk.logJkLogLevel info

# Root context mounts for Tomcat# Format: JkMount URL_PREFIXWORKER_NAMEJkMount /*.jsp ajp13

JkMount /servlet/* ajp13

# The following line makes apache aware of the locationof the /examples contextAlias /examples"/var/tomcat4/webapps/examples"

Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

# The following line mounts all JSP files and the/servlet/ uri to tomcatJkMount /examples/servlet/* ajp13JkMount /examples/*.jsp ajp13

# The following line prohibits users from directlyaccess WEB-INF

AllowOverride Nonedeny from all

...

Virtual host example: (Just an FYI. I never used virtual hosting but

wanted to let everyone know it is available.)

Configure a new JVM definition to handle requests separately.# First Virtual Host. - Virtual Host examplenot in default file

DocumentRoot /web/host1ServerName host1.yolinux.com


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JkMount /*.jsp ajp13JkMount /servlet/* ajp13

AllowOverride Nonedeny from all

Ajpv13 is the protocol used when Apache communicates with

Tomcat. This file establishes the sockets and enables this

communication process.

If using a virtual host configuration then file

/etc/httpd/conf/workers.properties must have the following

entries added:

...

...

Run:

Start Tomcat first: service tomcat4 start

Start Apache: service httpd start

After Apache has started, one may perform a syntax check of

the Apache configuration files with the following command:[root prompt]# /usr/sbin/apachectl configtestIf sucessful it should return the statement: Syntax OK

[Potential Pitfall]: If you get the following error:[error] Cannot remove module mod_jk.c: not found inmodule listIt is most likely that the placement of the aditional lines in

/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf is incorrect. The additional lines

must be placed accoring to above directions.

Test with the URL:

o Test Tomcat servlet:

http://localhost/examples/servlet/MyHelloWorld

o Test static page with Apache: http://localhost/

Note that we are no longer referencing port 8180 but are
http://localhost/examples/servlet/MyHelloWorldhttp://localhost/examples/servlet/MyHelloWorldhttp://localhost/examples/servlet/MyHelloWorldhttp://localhost/examples/servlet/MyHelloWorldhttp://localhost/


15/28

referencing a directory which Apache defers to Tomcat for

processing but Apache handles the request from the browser.

Log Files:

Apache:

o /var/log/httpd/access_log

o /var/log/httpd/error_log

Tomcat: /var/tomcat4/logs/...

Apache-Tomcat modulemod_jk: /var/log/httpd/mod_jk.log

Links:

The AJP Connector and Tomcat 4.0:

http://localhost:8180/tomcat-docs/config/ajp.html - [Web]

Working with mod_jk - Tomcat 3.2 - By Gal Shachor

Sun Java: Getting Started With Tomcat

The Database:

We will cover connectivity to two databases:

1. PostgreSQL

2. MySQL

Note: If connecting to Oracle, use the JDBC driver:oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver

1) PostgreSQL:

Install and configure a database. See: YoLinux Tutorial: PostgreSQL

and Linux

JDBCand PostgreSQLJARfiles:The "CLASSPATH" variable can set the

Java runtime environment so that it will find the appropriate Javalibraries (JAR files). Environment variables for Tomcat can be set in

/etc/tomcat4/conf/tomcat4.conf. One may also set the CLASSPATH

variable to include PostgreSQL JDBC JAR files. I did not set the

CLASSPATH environment variable in the configuration file but instead

employed the default path by performing the following steps:
http://localhost:8180/tomcat-docs/config/ajp.htmlhttp://localhost:8180/tomcat-docs/config/ajp.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-4.0-doc/config/ajp.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-3.2-doc/mod_jk-howto.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/ea2/tutorial/doc/GettingStarted.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#POSTGRESQLhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#MYSQLhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialPostgreSQL.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialPostgreSQL.htmlhttp://localhost:8180/tomcat-docs/config/ajp.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-4.0-doc/config/ajp.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-3.2-doc/mod_jk-howto.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/ea2/tutorial/doc/GettingStarted.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#POSTGRESQLhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialTomcat.html#MYSQLhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialPostgreSQL.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialPostgreSQL.html


16/28

List of PostgreSQL JDBC drivers:

[prompt]# rpm -ql postgresql-jdbc-7.1.3-2/usr/share/pgsql/jdbc7.0-1.1.jar/usr/share/pgsql/jdbc7.1-1.2.jar

Place JDBC JAR libraries in path where they can be found:

cp /usr/share/pgsql/jdbc7.1-1.2.jar /var/tomcat4/lib

JAVAServlet run under Tomcat, accessingPostgreSQLusing JDBC:

Java Servlet sourcefile:// File: ShowBedrock.java

/* A servlet to display the contents of the PostgreSQL

Bedrock database */

import java.io.*;import java.sql.*;import java.text.*;import java.util.*;import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class ShowBedrock extends HttpServlet{

public String getServletInfo(){

return "Servlet connects to PostgreSQL databaseand displays result of a SELECT";}

private Connection dbcon; // Connection for scopeof ShowBedrock

// "init" sets up a database connectionpublic void init(ServletConfig config) throws

ServletException{

String loginUser = "postgres";String loginPasswd = "supersecret";String loginUrl =

"jdbc:postgresql://localhost/bedrock";

// Load the PostgreSQL drivertry

{Class.forName("org.postgresql.Driver");dbcon =

DriverManager.getConnection(loginUrl, loginUser,loginPasswd);


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}catch (ClassNotFoundException ex)

{System.err.println("ClassNotFoundException: " +ex.getMessage());

throw new ServletException("Class notfound Error");}

catch (SQLException ex){

System.err.println("SQLException: " +ex.getMessage());

}}

// Use http GET



response.setContentType("text/html"); //Response mime type

// Output stream to STDOUTPrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

out.println("Bedrock");


try {// Declare our statementStatement statement =

dbcon.createStatement();

String query = "SELECT name, dept, ";query += " jobtitle ";query += "FROM employee ";

// Perform the queryResultSet rs =

statement.executeQuery(query);

out.println("");

// Iterate through each row of rswhile (rs.next()){

String m_name = rs.getString("name");String m_dept = rs.getString("dept");String m_jobtitle =

rs.getString("jobtitle");


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out.println("" +"" + m_name + ""

+"" + m_dept + ""

+"" + m_jobtitle +

"" + "");}

out.println("");statement.close();

}catch(Exception ex)

{out.println("" +

"" +"Bedrock: Error" +"\n" +"

SQL error in doGet: " +

ex.getMessage() +"
");
return;}

out.close();}

}

Notes:

String loginUrl = "jdbc:postgresql://localhost/bedrock";

The format for this is jdbc:postgresql:host-name-of-server:port/database-nameExamples:

o jdbc:postgresql:bedrock - bedrock is the PostgreSQL

database name. See PostgreSQL tutorial.

o jdbc:postgresql://localhost/bedrock

o jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/bedrock - Default

PostgreSQL standard port number is 5432

public void doGet(...

Using http GET request. For http POST operations use doPost

String m_name = rs.getString("name");

One may also use database field names or field numbers. i.e.String m_name = rs.getString(1);String m_dept = rs.getString(2);

SetCLASSPATH environmentvariable:

export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:/var/tomcat4/lib/jdbc7.1-1.2.jar

OR


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exportCLASSPATH=/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/lib/tools.jar:/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/jre/lib/rt.jar:/var/tomcat4/common/lib/servlet.jar:/var/tomcat4/lib/jdbc7.1-1.2.jar

Compile:

[prompt]# cd /var/tomcat4/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes[prompt]# javac ShowBedrock.java

(OR/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/bin/javac ShowBedrock.java )

PostgreSQLConfiguration:/var/lib/pgsql/data/postgresql.conf

Set: tcpip_socket = true

This allows JDBC to connect to PostgreSQL.

Test:

Tomcat only:

http://localhost:8180/examples/servlet/ShowBedrock

Apache Request: http://localhost/examples/servlet/ShowBedrock

Results:

Bedrock

Fred Flinstone Quarry Worker Rock DiggerWilma Flinstone Finance Analyst

Barney Rubble Sales Neighbor

Betty Rubble IT Neighbor

JDBC/PostgreSQLLinks:

PostgreSQL.org: JDBC

2) MySQL:

Install and configure a database: YoLinux Tutorial: MySQL and Linux

DownloadJDBCMM.MySQLJARfile:

MM.MySQL Downloads
http://localhost:8180/examples/servlet/ShowBedrockhttp://localhost/examples/servlet/ShowBedrockhttp://www.postgresql.org/idocs/index.php?jdbc.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialMySQL.htmlhttp://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=15923http://localhost:8180/examples/servlet/ShowBedrockhttp://localhost/examples/servlet/ShowBedrockhttp://www.postgresql.org/idocs/index.php?jdbc.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialMySQL.htmlhttp://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=15923


20/28

sourceforge.net: mm.mysql-2.0.13-you-must-unjar-me.jar -

Actual JAR file I used

Un-JAR and place MM.MySQL JDBC JAR libraries in path where they

can be found:

[prompt]# /usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/bin/jar xf mm.mysql-2.0.13-you-must-unjar-me.jarORif your paths are set properly:[prompt]# jar xf mm.mysql-2.0.13-you-must-unjar-me.jar

[prompt]# cd mm.mysql-2.0.13/[prompt]# cp mm.mysql-2.0.13-bin.jar /var/tomcat4/lib

"GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON bedrock to 'user@hostname' identified

by 'password';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES

where hostname is localhost.localdomain (not localhost on default RedHat installation)

JAVAServlet run under Tomcat, accessingMySQLusingJDBC:

Java Servlet sourcefile: (Note that it does the same thing as the

PostgrSQL example above but it is written with a different style.)// File: ShowBedrock.java

/* A servlet to display the contents of the MySQLBedrock database */

import java.io.*;import java.net.*;import java.sql.*;import java.text.*;import java.util.*;import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class ShowBedrock extends HttpServlet{

public String getServletInfo(){

return "Servlet connects to MySQL database anddisplays result of a SELECT";}

// Use http GET


http://telia.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mmmysql/mm.mysql-2.0.13-you-must-unjar-me.jarhttp://telia.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mmmysql/mm.mysql-2.0.13-you-must-unjar-me.jar


21/28

String loginUser = "Dude1";String loginPasswd = "SuperSecret";String loginUrl =

"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bedrock";

response.setContentType("text/html"); //

Response mime type

// Output stream to STDOUTPrintWriter out = response.getWriter();



// Load the mm.MySQL drivertry

{Class.forName("org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver");Connection dbcon =

DriverManager.getConnection(loginUrl, loginUser,loginPasswd);

// Declare our statementStatement statement =

dbcon.createStatement();

String query = "SELECT name, dept, ";query += " jobtitle ";query += "FROM employee ";

// Perform the queryResultSet rs =

statement.executeQuery(query);

out.println("");

// Iterate through each row of rswhile (rs.next()){

String m_name = rs.getString("name");String m_dept = rs.getString("dept");String m_jobtitle =

rs.getString("jobtitle");out.println("" +

"" + m_name + ""

+ "" + m_dept + ""+

"" + m_jobtitle +"" +

"");}

out.println("");


22/28

rs.close();statement.close();dbcon.close();

}catch (SQLException ex) {

while (ex != null) {

System.out.println ("SQL Exception:" + ex.getMessage ());ex = ex.getNextException ();

} // end while} // end catch SQLException

catch(java.lang.Exception ex){

out.println("" +"" +"Bedrock: Error" +"\n" +"

SQL error in doGet: " +ex.getMessage() +

"
");return;
}out.close();

}}

Compile:[prompt]# exportCLASSPATH=/var/tomcat4/common/lib/mm.mysql-2.0.13-bin.jar:$CLASSPATH[prompt]# cd /var/tomcat4/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes[prompt]# javac ShowBedrock.java

(ORexportCLASSPATH=/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/lib/tools.jar:/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/jre/lib/rt.jar:/var/tomcat4/common/lib/servlet.jar:/var/tomcat4/lib/mm.mysql-2.0.13-bin.jar )(OR/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.0/bin/javac ShowBedrock.java )

Test:

Tomcat only:

http://localhost:8180/examples/servlet/ShowBedrock

Apache Request: http://localhost/examples/servlet/ShowBedrock

Notes:

[Potential Pitfall]: The MySQL "user" table will define users and

their host. I made the mistake of using "localhost" when the host

name returned by the Unix command "hostname" was different.

When the servlet tried to connect to the database it was refused.
http://localhost:8180/examples/servlet/ShowBedrockhttp://localhost/examples/servlet/ShowBedrockhttp://localhost:8180/examples/servlet/ShowBedrockhttp://localhost/examples/servlet/ShowBedrock


23/28

[prompt]$ hostname

superserver

[prompt]$ mysql -h localhost -u root -p

...

mysql>use mysql

mysql>select user,host from user;

+-------+------------+

| user | host |

+-------+------------+

| root | |

| Dude1 | localhost |

+-------+------------+

mysql>update user set Host='superserver' whereUser='Dude1';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

Links:

JDBC MySQL driver "mm" - [Alt]

JDBC MySQL driver "Resin"

Sun.com: JAR file basics

Nusphere.com: Discussion and explanation of simple JDBC

mm.MySQL servlet

MySQL JDBC Examples

MySQL Links - Lots of JDBC links as well.

mm.MySQL guide

MySQL/JDBC example

JAVAJDBC:

JAVA JDBC programs require the package: java.sql. Contained within

this package are:

Classes:o Date

o DriverManager

o DriverPropertyInfo

o Time

o Timestamp

o Types

Interfaces:o CallableStatement

o Connection

o DatabaseMetaData

o Driver
http://www.caucho.com/projects/jdbc-mysql/index.xtphttp://www.caucho.com/projects/jdbc-mysql/index.xtphttp://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jar/basics/index.htmlhttp://www.nusphere.com/products/library/writing_jdbc_mysql.pdfhttp://www.nusphere.com/products/library/writing_jdbc_mysql.pdfhttp://www.nusphere.com/products/library/writing_jdbc_mysql.pdfhttp://www.nusphere.com/products/library/writing_jdbc_mysql.pdfhttp://tecfa.unige.ch/guides/java/staf2x/ex/jdbc/coffee-break/http://tecfa.unige.ch/guides/java/staf2x/ex/jdbc/coffee-break/http://tecfa.unige.ch/guides/java/staf2x/ex/jdbc/coffee-break/http://mmmysql.sourceforge.net/doc/mm.doc/x30.htmhttp://mmmysql.sourceforge.net/doc/mm.doc/x30.htmhttp://www.cs.unc.edu/Courses/comp118/docs/lessons/java/java_jdbc/jdbcServletMysql.htmlhttp://www.cs.unc.edu/Courses/comp118/docs/lessons/java/java_jdbc/jdbcServletMysql.htmlhttp://mmmysql.sourceforge.net/http://www.mysql.com/Downloads/Contrib/http://www.caucho.com/projects/jdbc-mysql/index.xtphttp://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jar/basics/index.htmlhttp://www.nusphere.com/products/library/writing_jdbc_mysql.pdfhttp://www.nusphere.com/products/library/writing_jdbc_mysql.pdfhttp://tecfa.unige.ch/guides/java/staf2x/ex/jdbc/coffee-break/http://tecfa.unige.ch/guides/mysql/http://mmmysql.sourceforge.net/doc/mm.doc/x30.htmhttp://www.cs.unc.edu/Courses/comp118/docs/lessons/java/java_jdbc/jdbcServletMysql.html


24/28

o PreparedStatement

o ResultSet

o ResultMetaData

o Statement

JDBC Links:

Sun's database of JDBC database drivers

List of JDBC drivers for various databases

Sun.com: JDBC

Sun.com: JDBC Basics

JAVAServer Pages(JSP):

Basic JSP elements:

: Define/execute Java statements.

Example:

Year: is

Month: is

: Execute Java statements. Nothing displayed.

Example:

: Execute Java expression and place results here.Example: Calendar:

: Declare Java variable or method.

Example:

JSP's are rarely self contained. JSP's most often require use of classes

and methods defined in Java programs.

The samples delivered with Tomcat show numerous JSP examplesand the source code:

http://localhost:8180/examples/jsp/index.html

Links:

Jakarta Project: Tomcat
http://industry.java.sun.com/products/jdbc/drivershttp://www.minq.se/products/dbvis/reqs.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jdbc/basics/index.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jdbc/basics/index.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jdbc/basics/index.htmlhttp://localhost:8180/examples/jsp/index.htmlhttp://localhost:8180/examples/jsp/index.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/index.htmlhttp://industry.java.sun.com/products/jdbc/drivershttp://www.minq.se/products/dbvis/reqs.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/products/jdbc/index.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jdbc/basics/index.htmlhttp://localhost:8180/examples/jsp/index.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/index.html


25/28

Sun

o Java Server Pages

o Java Servlet Technology

o Sun.com: Java Tutorial

o Sun.com: Servlets - online book by Cynthia Bloch and

Stephanie Bodoffo Sun books: Configuring Servlets

At the Forge - by Reuven M. Lerner

o Server-Side Java with Jakarta-Tomcat

o JavaServer Pages

o Custom JSP Actions

Tomcat - A Minimalistic User's Guide - Tomcat V3.2 (older)

configuration.

Setting Up a Java 2 Environment on Linux

Linux Magazine: Tomcat - Using WARP connector (mod_webapp)

instead of mod_jk Linux,Apache, Tomcat configuration for MMBase publishing

system

Deploying Web Applications to Tomcat

J2EE:

o YoLinux:Installing/configuringIBM WebSphereand DB2 on

Linux

o JBoss.org - J2EE Java Enterprise application server -

Want to define Java Enterprise Bean services which a

servlet may invoke, use JBoss (or WebSphere).

o YoLinux:List of Java middlewareservers YoLinuxTutorial: CGI programmingwith C++ and GNUGciCc- Perform

the same functionality as this Java servlet tutorial but use CGI

and C++.

Books:

"Core Java 2, Volume 1:

Fundamentals "

by Cay S. Horstmann, GaryCornell

ISBN # 0130894680, Prentice

Hall PTR

The industry standard. Need I

say more?
http://www.sun.com/http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/http://java.sun.com/products/servlet/http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/index.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/servlets/index.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/servlets/TOC.htmlhttp://lerner.co.il/atf/columns/4576.htmlhttp://lerner.co.il/atf/columns/4639.htmlhttp://lerner.co.il/atf/columns/4716.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-3.2-doc/uguide/tomcat_ug.htmlhttp://www.dougsparling.com/comp/howto/linux_java.htmlhttp://www.linux-mag.com/2001-10/tomcat_01.htmlhttp://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/MMBase-1.htmlhttp://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/MMBase-1.htmlhttp://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/04/19/tomcat.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSphere.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSphere.htmlhttp://jboss.org/http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialJava.html#MIDDLEWAREhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++CGI.htmlhttp://service.bfast.com/bfast/click?bfmid=2181&sourceid=39358384&bfpid=0130894680&bfmtype=bookhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0130894680/yolinux-20http://www.sun.com/http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/http://java.sun.com/products/servlet/http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/index.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/servlets/index.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/servlets/TOC.htmlhttp://lerner.co.il/atf/columns/4576.htmlhttp://lerner.co.il/atf/columns/4639.htmlhttp://lerner.co.il/atf/columns/4716.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-3.2-doc/uguide/tomcat_ug.htmlhttp://www.dougsparling.com/comp/howto/linux_java.htmlhttp://www.linux-mag.com/2001-10/tomcat_01.htmlhttp://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/MMBase-1.htmlhttp://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/MMBase-1.htmlhttp://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/04/19/tomcat.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSphere.htmlhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSphere.htmlhttp://jboss.org/http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialJava.html#MIDDLEWAREhttp://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++CGI.html


26/28

"Distributed Java 2 Platform

Database Development "

by Stewart Birnam


Hall PTR

The industry standard. Need I

say more?

"Core Servlets and JavaServer

Pages (JSP) "

by Marty Hall


Hall

"More Servlets and JavaServer

Pages (JSP) "

by Marty Hall


Hall

Tomcat: The Definitive Guide

by Jason Brittain, Ian F. Darwin

ISBN # 0596003188 O'Reilly &

Associates; 1st Edition edition

"Professional Apache Tomcat"

by Chanoch Wiggers, Ben

Galbraith, Vivek Chopra, Sing Li,

Debashish Bhattacharjee, Amit

Bakore, Romin Irani, Sandip

Bhattacharya, Chad Fowler

ISBN # 0764543725 Wrox
http://service.bfast.com/bfast/click?bfmid=2181&sourceid=39358384&bfpid=0764543725&bfmtype=bookhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0764543725/yolinux-20http://service.bfast.com/bfast/click?bfmid=2181&sourceid=39358384&bfpid=0596003188&bfmtype=bookhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0596003188/yolinux-20http://service.bfast.com/bfast/click?bfmid=2181&sourceid=39358384&bfpid=0130676144&bfmtype=bookhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0130676144/yolinux-20http://service.bfast.com/bfast/click?bfmid=2181&sourceid=39358384&bfpid=0130893404&bfmtype=bookhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0130893404/yolinux-20http://service.bfast.com/bfast/click?bfmid=2181&sourceid=39358384&bfpid=0130268615&bfmtype=bookhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0130268615/yolinux-20


27/28

Apache Jakarta-Tomcat

by James Goodwill

ISBN # 1893115364, APress

Apache Tomcat Security

Handbook

by Vivek Chopra, Ben

Galbriaths, Brian Rickabaugh,

Gotham Pollysetty, John Turner

ISBN # 1861008309, Wrox Press

"JSP, Servlets, and MySQL"by David Harms

ISBN # 0764547879, Hungry

Minds, Inc

"MySQL"

by Paul DuBois, Michael

Widenius

ISBN # 0735709211, New RidersPublishing

"Manageing and Using MySQL"

by George Reese, Randy Jay

Yarger, Tim King

ISBN # 0596002114, O'Reilly
http://service.bfast.com/bfast/click?bfmid=2181&sourceid=39358384&bfpid=0596002114&bfmtype=bookhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0596002114/yolinux-20http://service.bfast.com/bfast/click?bfmid=2181&sourceid=39358384&bfpid=0735709211&bfmtype=bookhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0735709211/yolinux-20http://service.bfast.com/bfast/click?bfmid=2181&sourceid=39358384&bfpid=0764547879&bfmtype=bookhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0764547879/yolinux-20http://service.bfast.com/bfast/click?bfmid=2181&sourceid=39358384&bfpid=1861008309&bfmtype=bookhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1861008309/yolinux-20http://service.bfast.com/bfast/click?bfmid=2181&sourceid=39358384&bfpid=1893115364&bfmtype=bookhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1893115364/yolinux-20


28/28

PostgreSQL Essential Reference

by Barry Stinson

ISBN #0735711216, New Riders

PostgreSQL: Developer's

Handbook

by Ewald Geschwinde, Hans-

Juergen Schoenig, Hans-Jurgen

Schonig

ISBN #0672322609, SAMS

Practical PostgreSQLJohn C. Worsley, Joshua D.

Drake

ISBN #1565928466, O'Reilly

Beginning Databases with

PostgreSQL

by Richard Stones, Neil Matthew

ISBN #1861005156, Wrox Press

Inc

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Java & Tomcat

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