Java Swing Tutorial

Java Swing

* A part of The JFC * Swing Java consists of Look and feel Accessibility Java 2D Drag and Drop, etc

IntroductionsSwing is one of the Graphical User Interface tool. Swing is used to develop the graphical user interface (GUI) in java. Swing components used for the building of GUI. Swing components are helpful for interactivity to Java applications. The components of Swing toolkit are given below: list controls buttons labels tree controls table controls

Java Swing Class Hierarchy

Swing Events

event source // The Event source is the object. It generates Events. event object // The Event object encapsulates the condition changes in the event source.event listener // The Event listener is the object that requests to be notified Event source:Object is handling an event to the event listener.Event handling in Swing toolkit is very easy to handle and powerful.Objects are notified when a specific event occurs.

JFrame

Open frame place the icon on the title bar.Methods are as follows:frame.setIconImage(Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage("icon_confused.gif")); it’s using the Image class method named getImage().frame.getDefaultToolkit(): //This is the method of the Toolkit class which gets the default toolkit.

createAndShowGUI

private static void createAndShowGUI() { //Create and set up the window. JFrame frame = new JFrame("Hi.."); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //Add a label. JLabel label = new JLabel("Hello World"); frame.getContentPane().add(label); //Display the window. frame.pack(); frame.setVisible(true); }

Menus

JMenuBar

JMenu

JMenuItem

checkBox

import javax.swing.*; JCheckBox chk = new JCheckBox("This is the Check Box"); frame.add(chk);

Text Areaimport javax.swing.JTextArea; // Create a text area with some initial text JTextArea textarea = new JTextArea("Initial Text"); int rows = 20; int cols = 30; textarea = new JTextArea("Initial Text", rows, cols);TextFieldJTextField t = new JTextField("Text field 3", 8);

JButton

Button: Two types: JButton(), JButton(Name) JButton () is used for create blank JButton instance. JButton (Name) is used for create a JButton instance with the specified text. JButton Button1; Button1 = new JButton ("Black is White"); add (Button1);

Layout Managers

Most Swing UIs utilise a LayoutManager to control positioning of itemsThere is a choice of these which work in different waysInitially we do without one, and position items ourselves: frame.setLayout(null);

Absolute positioning

JFrame frame = new JFrame("I am a JFrame");frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.setBounds(20,30,300,100);frame.setLayout(null);JButton butt=new JButton("Click me");frame.getContentPane().add(butt);butt.setBounds(20, 20, 200,20);frame.setVisible(true);

FlowLayout

JFrame.setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(true);JFrame frame = new JFrame("FlowLayout");frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());JButton b1 = new JButton("Hello");frame.getContentPane().add(b1);JButton b2 = new JButton("Two");frame.getContentPane().add(b2);JTextField t1 = new JTextField("Text here");frame.getContentPane().add(t1);frame.pack();frame.setVisible(true);

BorderLayoutJFrame.setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(true);JFrame frame = new JFrame("Border");frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);JButton b1 = new JButton("At the top");frame.getContentPane().add(b1,BorderLayout.PAGE_START );JButton b2 = new JButton("Bottom");frame.getContentPane().add(b2,BorderLayout.PAGE_END);JTextField t1 = new JTextField("Left");frame.getContentPane().add(t1,BorderLayout.LINE_START);JTextField t2 = new JTextField("Right");frame.getContentPane().add(t2,BorderLayout.LINE_END);JButton b3 = new JButton("Centre");frame.getContentPane().add(b3,BorderLayout.CENTER );frame.pack();frame.setVisible(true);

Grid Layout

JFrame.setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(true);JFrame frame = new JFrame("Grid");frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.getContentPane().setLayout(new GridLayout(4,3,5,5));for (int i=0; i<10; i++) frame.getContentPane().add(new JButton(""+i));frame.pack();frame.setVisible(true);

Swing has a lot of classes

controls

User I/O widgets eg JButton

containers

things that hold other thingseg JFRame

Containers

general purpose containers - panel scroll pane split pane tabbed pane tool bar

top level containers - JFrame JApplet JDialog

JPanel ( in createAndShowGUI)

JFrame.setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(true);JFrame frame = new JFrame("I am a JFrame");frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.setBounds(20,30,300,100);frame.setLayout(null);//Create a panel JPanel myPanel = new JPanel();myPanel.setBackground(new Color(255,3,25));myPanel.setOpaque(true); //Make it the content pane.frame.setContentPane(myPanel);frame.setVisible(true);

Tooltip and border

myPanel.setOpaque(true); myPanel.setToolTipText("I'm a JPanel");myPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.white)); frame.setContentPane(myPanel); ..

JSplitPane

setLayout(null);

//Create a split pane

JSplitPane myPane = new JSplitPane();

myPane.setOpaque(true);

frame.setContentPane(myPane);

frame.setVisible(true);

JSplitPane with JPanels

//Create a split paneJSplitPane myPane = new JSplitPane();myPane.setOpaque(true);myPane.setDividerLocation(150);// make two panelsJPanel right = new JPanel();right.setBackground(new Color(255,0,0));JPanel left = new JPanel();left.setBackground(new Color(0,255,0));// set as left and right in splitmyPane.setRightComponent(right); myPane.setLeftComponent(left);

Exercise

JDBC (JAVA DATABASE CONNECTIVITY)

Database and Database Management System

Database is simply a collection of data. In relational database, data is organized into tables.

Database Management System (DBMS) is software to maintain and utilize the collections of data (Oracle, DB2, MySQL)

Student_ID Name Major Grade

101 Shannon BCB A

102 Mike BBMB A

103 Wang MCDB A

… … …

MySQL Introduction MySQL is a database management system SQL stands for the Structured Query Language.

It defines how to insert, retrieve, modify and delete data

Free from www.mysql.com

Introductions

JDBC is Java application programming interface

Allows the Java programmers to access database management system from Java code.

To execute SQL statements

Components of JDBC

JDBC has four Components:

1. The JDBC API.2. The JDBC Driver Manager.3. The JDBC Test Suite.4. The JDBC-ODBC Bridge.

Type 1 JDBC Architecture

Type 2 Java to Native API

Type 3 Java to Network Protocol Or All- Java Driver

Type 4 Java to Database Protocol

Common SQL statements

SQL Select statement:

The SELECT statement is used to select data from a table.

Syntax: Select column_names FROM table_name;

SQL INSERT Statement

To insert a single or multiple records into the database. Syntax: Insert into table_name values(value1,value2..);The Insert statement has mainly three clauses.1). Insert: It specifies which table column has to be inserted in the table.2). Into : It tells in which the data will be stored.3). Values: In this we insert the values we have to insert.

UPDATE Statement

The Update statement is used to modify the data in the tableThe syntax is :

UPDATE table_name Set colunm_name = new_value WHERE column_name = some_name;

DELETE Statement

This delete statement is used to delete rows in a table.

Systax:

DELETE FROM table_name WHERE column_name = some_name;

Login

mysql –h hostname –u username –p [password]

Example% mysql -u usrname -pEnter password: passowrdWelcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands

end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 23 to server version: 3.23.41.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql>

Login Example

Exp:2mysql –h 131.131.0.103 –u amudha –p amudha1

mysql>

mysql> show databases; (What are the current databases at the server?)+--------------+| Database |+--------------+ | mysql | mysql is a database (stores users’ password …) used by system. +--------------+mysql> create database MyDB;(Create a database (make a directory) whose name is MyDB)mysql> use MyDB;(Select database to use )Database changedmysql> show tables;(What tables are currently stored in the MyDB database? )Empty set (0.00 sec)

Create Database

CREATE TABLE Table_Name (column_specifications) Example

mysql> CREATE TABLE student

-> (

-> student_ID INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,

-> name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,

-> major VARCHAR(50),

-> grade VARCHAR(5)

-> );

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Student_ID Name Major Grade

Create Table

mysql> show tables;+--------------------+| Tables_in_MyDB |+--------------------+| student |+--------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> describe student;+---------------+----------------------+------+------+----------+--------+| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+---------------+----------------------+-------+-----+-----------+-------+| student_ID | int(10) unsigned | | | 0 | || name | varchar(20) | | | | || major | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | || grade | varchar(5) | YES | | NULL | |+---------------+----------------------+-------+------+----------+-------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Display Table Structure

ALTER TABLE table_name Operations

mysql> alter table student add primary key (student_ID);Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> describe student;+---------------+--------------------- +-------+------+----------+-------+| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+---------------+----------------------+-------+------+----------+-------+| student_ID | int(10) unsigned | | PRI | 0 | || name | varchar(20) | | | | || major | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | || grade | varchar(5) | YES | | NULL | |+---------------+----------------------+-------+------+-----------+-------

+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Modify Table Structure

INSERT INTO table_name SET col_name1=value1, col_name2=value2, col_name3=value3, …

Example

mysql> INSERT INTO student SET student_ID=101, name='Shannon', major='BCB', grade='A';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)Student_ID Name Major Grade

101 Shannon BCB A

Insert Record

SELECT what_columns

FROM table or tables

WHERE condition

Example

mysql> SELECT major, grade FROM student WHERE name='Shannon';

+-------+-------+| major| grade|+-------+-------+| BCB | A |+-------+-------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM student;

Student_ID Name Major Grade

101 Shannon BCB A

102 Mike BBMB A

103 Wang MCDB A

… … …

Retrieve Record

UPDATE table_name

SET which columns to change

WHERE condition Examplemysql> UPDATE student SET grade='B' WHERE name='Shannon';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT * FROM student WHERE name=‘Shannon’;

+------------+---------------+--------+--------+

| name | student_ID | major | grade |

+------------+---------------+--------+--------+

| Shannon | 101 | BCB | B |

+------------+---------------+--------+--------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Update Record

DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition

Examplemysql> DELETE FROM student

WHERE name='Shannon';Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00

sec)

Mysql> DELETE FROM student;

Will delete ALL student records!

Delete Record

Steps to creatd JDBC

Tables creationLoad the driver managerConnection establishmentStatement creationsProcess the result setExecute the statementClose the connection and statementStop the program

Creating a Database Table

String table ;table= "CREATE TABLE Employee11(Emp_code integer, Emp_name varchar(10))"; st.executeUpdate(table);

Connection Establishment

Is an interface in java.sql package Specifies connection with specific database like: MySQL, Ms-Access, Oracle etc and java files.The SQL statements are executed within the context of the Connection interface.

Class.forName(String driver):

Connection Establishment

Syntax

Connection conn; Class.forname(“com.mysql.jdbc.Driver”).newInstance();

DriverManager

It is a class of java.sql package that controls a set of JDBC drivers. Each driver has to be register with this class.getConnection(String url, String userName, String password): url: - Database url where stored or created your database userName: - User name of MySQL password: -Password of MySQL

Load the JDBC Driver into the database

Syntax

String userName = "root";

String password = "mysql";

String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/programs";

conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,userName,password);

Create the statements and update the values in the table structure

Statement st=conn.createStatement(); st.execute("create table stud10(rollno

int,name text,m1 int,m2 int)"); st.executeUpdate("insert into stud10

values(2,'rani',50,90)");

Process the Query result set

rs=st.executeQuery("select * from stud10");

while(rs.next())

{

System.out.println(rs.getInt(1));

System.out.println(rs.getString(2));

System.out.println(rs.getInt(3));

System.out.println(rs.getInt(4));

}

Close the connection

con.close():This method is used for disconnecting the connection. It frees all the resources occupied by the database.

Close the statement and connection

st.close(); conn.close();

Final Steps

To import Syntax

export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:/usr/share/java/mysql-connector-java-5.1.6.jar

To Compile

Javac Filename.java To Run

java Filename