Jatropha Future Fuel

7/28/2019 Jatropha Future Fuel

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Nik Azmi Nik Mahmood


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Jatropha fruit

High toxicity in leaves and nuts (phorbol esters andcurcin, toxic protein)

Native in Central America and Mexico.

Common names: Jatropha, physic nut, barbados nuts,purging nut, pig nut, and sometimes refer as dieseltree.

Medicinal tree in some parts of the world(Madagascar)


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Jatropha oil Estimation to contain 35-40% of oil and the kernels 55-

60%. (Also depends on the method of extraction)

The by-products (seed cakes) from the seeds andkernels approx. 11 %.

Can be used for oil in cooking, lighting like kerosenebut the properties are not suitable yet.

Other uses: soap, skin cosmetics, pesticides,lubricants, biodiesel.


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The production of biodiesel by transesterification of the oil

generally occurs using the following steps:

1. Mixing of alcohol and catalyst. For this process, a specified amount of 450mL

methanol and 10gr Sodium

Hydroxide (NaOH) was mixed in a round bottom flask.

2. Reaction. The alcohol/catalyst mix is then charged into a closed reaction vessel and

1000mL Jatropha oil isadded. Excess alcohol is normally used to ensure total conversion of the fat or oil to its

esters.

3. Separation of glycerin and biodiesel. Once the reaction is complete, two major

products exist: glycerin and

biodiesel. The quantity of produced glycerin varies according the oil used, the process

used, the amount ofexcess alcohol used. Both the glycerin and biodiesel products have a substantial

amount of the excess alcohol

that was used in the reaction. The reacted mixture is sometimes neutralized at this

step if needed.


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4. Alcohol Removal.

5. Glycerin Neutralization. The glycerin by-product contains unused catalystand soaps that are neutralized with an acid and sent to storage as crude

glycerin. In some cases the salt formed during this phase is recovered for

use as fertilizer. In most cases the salt is left in the glycerin.

6. Methyl Ester Wash. The most important aspects of biodiesel production to

ensure trouble free operation in diesel engines are complete reaction,removal of glycerin, removal of catalyst, removal of alcohol and absence of

free fatty acids.


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Biodiesel Daimler chrysler (German) research claimed that

jatropha based biodiesel has fulfills EU norms forbiodiesel quality, even already proved that threemercedes cars powered by this fuel could run 30,000km.

Big projects set up. Myanmar (2005 700,000 acres

within 3 years), Jet fuel (Air New Zealand, UScontinental airlines, Japan Air)


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Other Problems Competition of water with other food crops. Need at

least five times as much water per unit energy.

Cost of oil extraction machines spindle press costs 4

times higher than ram press. Storage problems. Only can be stored few months.

For agricultural views:

i. Invasiveness can spread easily.

ii. Disease and insects pathogenic fungi, termitesinfestation

iii. Host for casava virus


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ConclusionWhat are actually the benefits if the industry

performance of biodiesel production increases?

Is it fulfills the human needs? Is it fulfills the world needs?


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Biohydrogen from starch-based

biomass Discussion of paper given.

Points to discuss:

i. Trendii. New process

iii. Scaling up production

Jatropha Future Fuel

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