Japanese Spatial Data Infrastructure Initiatives

Shin-ichi Sobuesobue.shinichi@nasda.go.jp

National Space Development Agency of JapanEarth Observation Planning Department

Problem

• Scattering data archive and dissemination– Earth observation satellite data archive and

dissemination by government (STA/NASDA & EA & MITI) + private sector (Mitsubishi, Hitachi, IMI/NTT-D)

– DEM data archive and dissemination by GSI / MOC– Other GIS related data archive and dissemination by

national / local government / Private sectors (aerial photo companies, VAR)

Problem Points

• Standard– No standard for metadata, data format?, etc...

• Data policy– Commercialization

• Needs– Aerial photo is enough for Japanese GIS

• Do we really need EO satellite data to GIS???– For spatial small country with fine high resolution DEM by

GSI (1/1, 000)

Standards

• Metadata– No activity to coordinate between STA/NASDA

and other entities including private sectors yet.• Different interest of data

• Data Format– CEOS Superstructure and/or HDF is not adopted

by private sectors although public agencies adopt

Data Policy

• Pricing

• Data quality– Calibration / Validation

JERS-1・ Launch ： Feb. 1992・ Mass: 1.4ton・ Life time ： 2y （ 6.5 ｙ）・ InstrumentＳＡＲＶＮＩＲ

ＳＷＩＲ　 　

JERS-1・ Launch ： Feb. 1992・ Mass: 1.4ton・ Life time ： 2y （ 6.5 ｙ）・ InstrumentＳＡＲＶＮＩＲ

ＳＷＩＲ　 　

ALOSCartographyRegional　environmental　monitoringDisaster　monitoringEarth　resources　survey

・ Target launch ： Aug. 2002・ Mass: 3.9ton・ Mission life ： 3y ・ Instrument　 ＰＡＬＳＡＲ　 ＡＶＮＩＲ－ＩＩ　　ＰＲＩＳＭ

ALOSCartographyRegional　environmental　monitoringDisaster　monitoringEarth　resources　survey

・ Target launch ： Aug. 2002・ Mass: 3.9ton・ Mission life ： 3y ・ Instrument　 ＰＡＬＳＡＲ　 ＡＶＮＩＲ－ＩＩ　　ＰＲＩＳＭ

ALOS　Follow-onDemonstrating　Practical　datause

High-resolutionalmulti-channeloptical　sensorHigh-resolutionalSynthetic　ApertureRadar

ALOS　Follow-onDemonstrating　Practical　datause

High-resolutionalmulti-channeloptical　sensorHigh-resolutionalSynthetic　ApertureRadar

ALOS　series　(Land　Observation)

ADEOS・ Launch ： Aug. 1996・ Mass: 3.6ton・ Mission life ：３ y (1y)・ Instrument ＯＣＴＳ ＡＶＮＩＲ ＩＭＧ ＩＬＡＳ ＮＳＣＡＴ ＴＯＭＳ ＰＯＬＤＥＲ ＲＩＳ

ADEOS・ Launch ： Aug. 1996・ Mass: 3.6ton・ Mission life ：３ y (1y)・ Instrument ＯＣＴＳ ＡＶＮＩＲ ＩＭＧ ＩＬＡＳ ＮＳＣＡＴ ＴＯＭＳ ＰＯＬＤＥＲ ＲＩＳ

Information　Gathering　SatelliteNational　securityDisaster　monitoring

・ Target launch ： 2002-2003High-resolutional　optical　sensorHigh-resolutional　Synthetic　Aperture　Radar

Information　Gathering　SatelliteNational　securityDisaster　monitoring

・ Target launch ： 2002-2003High-resolutional　optical　sensorHigh-resolutional　Synthetic　Aperture　Radar

Mission　OrientedOperational　Satellite

Mission　OrientedOperational　Satellite

Main Characteristics　　　Mass 3.9　tons　　Orbit Sun-synchronous

SubrecurrentAltitude　　800km

　　Mission　Period 2002-2006

Main Characteristics　　　Mass 3.9　tons　　Orbit Sun-synchronous

SubrecurrentAltitude　　800km

　　Mission　Period 2002-2006

Advanced　Land　Observing　Satellite　(ALOS)

Observing Sensors　　　Panchromatic　Remote　sensing　Instrument　for　Stereo　Mapping　　　　(PRISM)　　　　Advanced　Visible　and　Near　Infrared　Radiometer　type　2　　　　(AVNIR-2)　　　Phased　Array　type　L-band　Synthetic　Aperture　Radar　　　　　(PALSAR)

Observing Sensors　　　Panchromatic　Remote　sensing　Instrument　for　Stereo　Mapping　　　　(PRISM)　　　　Advanced　Visible　and　Near　Infrared　Radiometer　type　2　　　　(AVNIR-2)　　　Phased　Array　type　L-band　Synthetic　Aperture　Radar　　　　　(PALSAR)

ALOSLaunch Mass : ~4 tAltitude : ~691.65 kmInclination : ~98.16 deg. (Sun-synchronous Sub-recurrent)Repeat cycle : 46 days, (Sub cycle 2 days)Power : ~7KWAttitude Control : 3 Axis Zero-momentumAttitude Determination Accuracy : 2.0 * 10-4 degPotion Determination Accuracy : 1 m Data Rate :240Mbps (DRTS) / 120Mbps (DT)Mission Life : 3-5 yearsData Transmission : Via DRTS (primary)

PALSAR is developed jointly between JAROS and NASDA

PRISM (simulated data)

ADEOS/AVNIR

JERS-1/SAR

NASDA ALOS Data Policy• NASDA Law• UN Remote Sensing Principles

…Law/Resolution

…National Plans

Program of the Office of Earth Observation Systems

- Three Main goals - (1) Contribution to Earth Science (2) Promotion of Practical Use (3) Technology Development

ALOS Data Policy

…NASDA Plans

…NASDA Data Policy

Fundamental Policy for Japan’s Space Activities (1996) Space Development Plan (annual)

NASDA Missions and Expected Roles

Contribution to Earth Science

Technology Development

ADEOS-ⅡADEOS-Ⅱ

AMSR-EAMSR-ETRMMTRMM

ALOSALOS

Japanese Japanese DistributorDistributorNASDA

Promotion of public use

Promotion of Practical Use

Data Node

Promotion of commercial use

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△: not primarily expected○: expected◎: strongly expected

　 NASDA ALOS Data PolicyPrinciples

• Open and non-discriminatory access to data;

• Data use exclusively for peaceful purposes;

• No more than cost of reproduction for all

data issued from NASDA (Royalty will be

charged for commercially distributed data).

NASDA ALOS Data Policy Pricing Policy

• Open data on the web (limited data: catalog data, disaster, public relations)

• NASDA internal use (including PIs) • Research and Public Use = Cost of reproduction

• Other General Purposes (distributed by a Distributor) = Data will be provided from NASDA to the Distributor at cost of reproduction and royalty (approx. 10%) → Customer Price will be determined by the

Distributor

GIS implementation

• Governmental initiative– Inter-ministry committee for GIS

• Long term plan to implement national spatial data infrastructure and promotion of GIS

• Standardization of national spatial data infrastructure and implementation plan

– 96-98 : Development of infrastructure

– 98-00 : Promotion of GIS (data exchange, policy of inter-use of GIS)

– ISO/TC211 national meeting– Spatial Data Standardization Committee

GIS implementation

• Government Initiative (2/2)– Administrative information promotion plan– Development of on-line system for administrative

information– Implementation plan for national spatial data information

system (1/2,500 for urban area, 1/25,000 for national level from JFY2000)

• Joint effort between public and government– NSDIPA (National Spatial Data Infrastructure Promotion

Association)

GIS related activity in Japan

• ISCGM by GSI– Global mapping projects by satellite data– DEM

• Next Generation GIS R & D by MITI• Clearing House (prototype) for SDI by

NLA/MOC & MHA • OpenGIS participation

– Only companies (NTT, KDD, Hitachi, etc.)

ALOS for GIS• Joint Research

– With GSI • to create Asia Pacific DEM by using ALOS PRISM

– With EA• to create seasonal vegetation map of Japan

• Pilot Projects with local government– Gunma, Hokkaido, Fukuoka, Okinawa, etc.

• International Pilot Projects– Thailand, Indonesia

• GIS for agriculture

Earth Observation data promotion center (Concept)ALOS

Data reception, Processing

Data Analysis SystemData set generation

EORC

S/WData

Promotion Center

Training and Analysis

Visualization

User support

Software develop for endusers

UsersData Archive

Data Network

Earth Observation Information System

Pilot Project Systems

Partners