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 Japanese PragmaticsAn overview

Group project by: Anna Örnberg, Katarina Ottosson, Meltem Cayirli and Linn Björnlund

Linguistic !eory "pring #$%&

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Turn taking

• Turn-taking :Who is to speak next and when

• - Uchida’s categorization•  [A] changing topics or fows o conversation

•  [] showing disagree!ent with the current 

• speaker"s utterance

•  [#] showing agree!ent with the current speaker"s

• utterance•  [$] in prediction o what wi%% &e said next 

•  ['] con(r!ing or correcting the current speaker"s

• Utterance

•  [)] repeating the current speaker"s utterance

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#u%tura% di*erences+

•  Japanese and English turn-taking

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,inguistic ideo%og

• What is %inguistic ideo%og+

•  .apanese ideo%og in co!parison to

'ng%ish

- /nterruption occurs !ore oten whenagreeing

 

- ,ess interruption when o a di*erentopinion

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Universa% sste!

• Avoid overlapping

• Minimizing gaps in the conversation.

• Interactional system – not rule governed

  i!erence – "esponse time

Ideal turn transition

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#hat is Politeness$

- Good manners

- Negative Politeness

• - Positive Politeness

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 Japanese culture

•  Japanese politeness

• ‘Face’ • Group harmony 

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 Japanese Politeness%trategies

- Conversational strategies

- Back-channeling

- Pause in a conversation

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#hat is &onori'cs$

• Politeness• "espect

• istance

• %ocial %tanding

• All languages have them

•  (hey might say more a)out you than the oneyou are addressing

• *ot only the most o)vious or )est knows. Allthrough the language

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+ ou can call me %aur on-dono. *o, I insist .

e (well known) Japanese Honorifc and Their Us

•-san

• -kun

• -chan

• -sama

• -sensei

• i!erent social and geographic areas provide the speaker with varying

amount o honori'c options•  (he wrong choice might have uncomorta)le conseuences

• /an )e used to show disrespect as well as respect

•  (here is a limit to how much 0honour1 one can insist on )eing applied toonesel 

•  (he system seems to )e changing with time

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2asic and Polite word orms

• 2asic orm – children and learners

• Polite orm• -desu3-masu

• Emphasis on the 0comort1 o theaddressee

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- i!erent meanings in di!erentsituations

- Politeness

- 4emininity

- 5ver-

riendliness

"Ne"

Meaning )etween speaker and

listener6

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Positive response orms

- 7&ai7 and 7ee7 – hum)le and

polite

- 78n7 - casual

- Positive responses to negative

uestions

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• - 0ources 1Anna2

• http:33www4pnas4org3content35673873569;4u%% 

• http:33www4acade!ia4edu356769<=3/nteractiveness>o  >turntaking>in>'ng%ish>and>.apanese>ro!>the>unct iona%>perspective

•   Reerences (Katti):

/ook, &aruko Minegishi. 9:;; 0Are honori'cs polite$ 8ses oreerent honori'cs in a Japanese committee meeting1 Journalof Pragmatics issue !

&udson, Mutsuko Endo. 9:;; 0%tudents honori'cs usage in

conversations with proessors1 Journal of Pragmatics issue !%ugimura, M. ;<=> 0Japanese &onori'cs and %ituation%emantics1 C"#$NG %&' Proceedings of the ((th coference onComputational linguistics

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%ources ?Meltem@

•   https://docs.oole.com/!iewer"

a#!$%#cache:&'mS*+opUJ:www.t,koei.ac.-p/research/pd/!ol,+,.pd0$hl#tr$l#tr$pid#l$srcid#*1233Sil3kS2p45678397&4-4ow;Jaw%<T;4=s4>n>?J78!%H<HU@wT8TAn&p><=rB!K?ckA?wiC<<DEhrFK%@ 

Tts;mR,;t6cE>n-Gri!!7C8t&t79cT'dtD$si#*H?3tSro12whmU=1s4FI8A-C5kEc&

•  http://ir.li.hiroshima,.ac.-p/metad/p/ki4o/**5566/h,aikokokenk4D58D5+.pd 

•   http://en.wikipedia.or/wiki/>oliteness• http633en.wikipedia.org3wiki3Politenesstheory 

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References

 Angles, J., Ayumi Nagatomi & Mineharu Nakayama, 2000. "Jaanese resonses hai, ee, an! un

yes, no, an! #eyon!". Language ' Communication #$ , . $$-%.

'itaga(a, )., *+%0. "aying yes in Jaanese". (ournal o) *ragmatics +, . *0$-*20.

Morita, ., 20**. "/eriing the socio-ragmatic meanings of the Jaanese interactional

article ne". (ournal o) *ragmatics ++, . 2+%-1*.

3anaka, 4., 2000. "3he article ne as a turn-management !eice in Jaanese conersation".

(ournal o) *ragmatics &# , . **1$-**5.