Japan’s Foreign Policy and Regionalism: Current Dynamisms and Future Prospects

June 15, 2006

Regional Anatomy I Ken JIMBO

Final Presentation

Purpose of Presentation Present your research plan on your final report

title/objective/background/research methods/expected results

Discover your own issue areas (of any kind that related to regional governance/anatomy) to analyze the dynamics of regionalism.

Dates June 29th / July 6th / July 10th

Format Presentation (10 min.) Q & A (3-5 min.) PPT / Handouts / Other Materials

Overall Review

1) April 13 Overview and Introduction: What is Regionalism?

2) April 20 Regionalism & Regional Integration

3) April 27 Regionalism in Asia

4) May 11 East Asian Community and East Asian Summit

5) May 18 New Dynamics of Security in East Asia

6) May 24 Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism: Regional Perspective

7) June 1 Japan’s Foreign Policy and Regionalism

8) June 8 Special Lecture “US-Japan Alliance and the Role of USFJ”

9) June 15 Japan’s Foreign Policy and Regionalism

Review 1)Historical Perspective of Japan and Regionalism

Historical Perspective I (Pre WWII) Early Meiji Era: Territorial Sovereignty Sino-Japan / Russo-Japan War WWII: Greater Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

Historical Perspective II (Post-WWII) San Francisco System (1951-) Post-War Economic Outreach (1960-) Nixon Doctrine and the Rise of “East Asia”

(1969-) Plaza Accord and Asia Production Network

(1985-)

Review 2) “1955 Regime” and Divided Concept of Region

Conservatives vs Reformist Liberal Democratic Party

Yoshida Doctrine / Japan-US Security Treaty Japan Socialist Party

Non-Military / Neutrality

Logic of ‘Stability’ in ‘55 Regime’ Pre-Determined Harmony

Economic Development / Low-key Posture on Defense Policy

Re-Distribution Policy Sub-urban develoment, social security, progressiv

e taxation

Cf. Post-War Italian Politics Christian Democratic Party Italian Communist Party

Sources of Japanese Foreign Policy Tools and Regionalism

Economic Power Trade and Investment Official Development Assistance (ODA) Financial Cooperation

Political and Security Power Japan-US Alliance Multilateral Security Cooperation Ad-hoc Cooperation

Japan’s Foreign Policy Tools I Trade Relations

Japan’s Foreign Policy Tools II Total Amount of ODA

Japan’s Foreign Policy Tools II Geographical Distribution of ODA

Japan’s Foreign Policy Tools II ODA towards China

Japan’s Foreign Policy Tools III Financial Cooperation

Assistance measures for Asia (Approx. $44 billion, Nov. 1998)

"New Initiative to Overcome the Asian Currency Crisis" (New Miyazawa Initiative)

"Special Yen Loan Facility as Assistance for Economic Structural Reforms of the Asian Countries“

Obuchi Initiative: Major Proposals at the ASEAN+3 and ASEAN + 1 (Japan) Summit Meetings in Manila

Japan’s Foreign Policy Tools III Financial Cooperation

Initiatives under the ASEAN+3 Framework

Chiang Mai Initiative (CMI)

Monitoring of Short-Term Capital Flow

Economic Review and Policy Dialogue (ERPD)

Asian Bond Markets Initiative (ABMI)

ASEAN+3 Research Group

Japan’s Foreign Policy Tools IV Political and Security Cooperation

Japan-US Alliance Japan-US Joint Declaration on Security

(1996) “Common Strategic Objectives” (2005)

Multilateral Security ASEAN Regional Forum Six-Party Talks Ad-hoc Cooperation

Japan’s Foreign Policy Tools IV Political and Security Cooperation

Global Regional Bilateral National

THREAT

POLICY

SYSTEM

Geographical / Functional Focus of Geographical / Functional Focus of NDPGNDPG

International International terrorismterrorism

WMDWMD・・Missile Missile ProliferationProliferation

Region across Middle East Region across Middle East to East Asiato East Asia

Far Eastern RussiaFar Eastern Russia

North KoreaNorth Korea

ChinaChina

Ballistic Missile Ballistic Missile AttackAttack

Guerrilla and special Guerrilla and special operation units operation units

attackattack

Invasion againstInvasion againstoutlying islandsoutlying islands

Strategic ODAStrategic ODA

UN ReformUN Reform

International Peace International Peace OperationOperation

Japan-US Security CooperationJapan-US Security Cooperation

ARF (CBM, PD)ARF (CBM, PD)

Joint Operation Joint Operation CapabilityCapability

Intelligence Intelligence CapabilityCapability

PKO LawPKO Law

Anti-Terrorism Anti-Terrorism Special Measures Special Measures

LawLaw

Iraq Special Iraq Special Measures LawMeasures Law

Japan-US Defense Japan-US Defense Cooperation Cooperation

GuidelineGuideline

Law on Situations in Law on Situations in the Areas Surrounding the Areas Surrounding

JapanJapan

Japan-US Security Japan-US Security TreatyTreaty

JDF LawJDF Law

Emergency LawEmergency Law

National National Protection LawProtection Law

Japan’s International Security Japan’s International Security CooperationCooperation

日韓防衛交流海上合同ＳＡＲ

日露防衛交流海上合同ＳＡＲ

日中防衛交流

日英防衛交流

日豪防衛交流ピッチ・ブラック参観

イ・シ・マ

長官訪問

コブラ・ゴールド参加タイ・空幕長訪問

日印防衛交流

比・長官訪問

日米同盟関係

ARF防衛当局フォーラム

六者協議

日米韓防衛実務者協議

インド洋部隊派遣

イラク部隊派遣

ゴラン高原ＰＫＯ

ASEAN+1,3

中露戦略対話合同軍事演習

米中対話国防部長訪問 (03)

中仏戦略対話中仏海上ＳＡＲ

中パ防衛・安全協議中パ軍事演習 (04)

中タイ安全協議米タイ「コブラ・ゴールド」参観

中豪戦略的防衛協議中豪海上ＳＡＲ（ 04）

中・キルギス・カザフ戦略的協議

中日防衛部門安全協議

中蒙防衛安全協議

印・国防部長訪問 (03)中・パ・印海上共同ＳＡＲ (03)

リベリアＰ

ＫＯ

コンゴＰ

ＫＯ

ハイチＰ

ＫＯ

中英海上ＳＡＲ（ 04）

ARF

ASEAN+1,3

SCO

出典：『 2004 年の中国の国防』　　　 『東アジア戦略概観』（各年度）　　　 『アジアの安全保障』（各年度）　　　 各種報道等

六者協議

China’s International Security China’s International Security CooperationCooperation

Foreign Policy Institutions

Ministry of Foreign Affairs North American Affairs Bureau

Japan-US Security Relations Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau

ASEAN+3, ASEM Economic Cooperation Bureau

APEC Foreign Policy Bureau

ARF

Japan Defense Agency Bureau of Defense Policy Chief of Staff, Joint Staff Office

Coordination Gaps?

Ministry of Finance

Ministry of Economics and Trade

Lacking Concept of ‘Region’

Rise of Bilateral Networks?

Flawed Effectiveness of ‘Open Regionalism’ Inclusiveness vs. non-criteria Consensus vs. ineffectiveness

Rise of Bilateral Rational Choice of Government Bilateral FTAs Ad-hoc Cooperation Functional Cooperation

How has Japan responded to this trend?

Rise of the Third Wave of Regionalism?

Level of Cooperation/Integration

Timelines

Second Wave RegionalismSecond Wave Regionalism

Third Wave Regionalism ?Third Wave Regionalism ?

Globalism / Regionalism / Bilateralismand the ‘Recursion’ of the Region

Economic Sphere Security SphereEconomic Sphere Security Sphere

Global FrameworkGlobal Framework 　 　 GATT / IMF UN / MultinationalGATT / IMF UN / Multinational

Mega-RegionalismMega-Regionalism APEC ARF / OSCE APEC ARF / OSCE

Regionalism Regionalism EU / ASEAN +3 EU / ASEAN EU / ASEAN +3 EU / ASEAN

Coalition Coalition Multilateral FTAs Anti-Terrorism Multilateral FTAs Anti-Terrorism

Bilateralism Bilateralism Bilateral FTAs Bilateral Alliance Bilateral FTAs Bilateral Alliance