January 5, 2004S. A. Pande - CAT-KEK School on SNS 1 100 MeV Injector Linac for Indian Spallation...

January 5, 2004S. A. Pande - CAT-KEK School on SNS

1

100 MeV Injector Linac forIndian Spallation Neutron

Source

S. A. PANDE

The Spallation Neutron Source

Ion Source RFQ Linac

1 GeV Proton

Synchrotron

Spallation target

50 keV 4.5 MeV 100 MeV


3

Synchrotron Parameters

Injection energy 100 MeVExtraction energy 1.0 GeVCircumference 212.4 mRadio Frequency 1.21 – 2.47 MHzRepetition rate 25 HzBeam power 100 kWNo of protons/pulse 2.5x1013


4

Requirements From Injector Linac

Output energy 100 MeVParticles H–

Pulse current 20 maPulse length 500 sRepetition rate 25 Hz


5

Layout of the Linac

Ion Source

LEBT & Chopper

RFQ MEBT DTL

HEBT + Long. & Trans. Phase Space Painting

1 GeV

Proton

Synchrotron

50 keV 4.5 MeV 100 MeV


6

Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) Required for the following.• Phase space matching of the beam

from ion source to RFQ• Putting diagnostics after the ion

source• Vacuum pumping provision• Additionally, LEBT will house the

chopping system in our case


7

The Chopper System Why it is required to chop the beam?• The 500 sec beam pulse will be

sufficient to wrap ~302 times around the synchrotron

• With harmonic no.(h)= 2, there will be 2 RF buckets.

Bucket heightE

Synch. RF Period


8

The Chopper (Contd.)

• The RF bucket height decreases at the ends (shown by yellow circles in the last slide) and particles falling in these regions will be lost

• These lost particles form a considerable amount of the injected beam (at 100 MeV!)

• Why not stop this beam being injected into the synchrotron or in the linac itself.


9

Chopper (Contd.)

• This is done using the chopper system

• The chopper will be an electrostatic deflector assembly sweeping the beam across a circular aperture

• ~34% of the beam will be stopped and 66% will be transmitted through the linac


10

The Chopper (Contd.)

Synch. RF Period

Injected InjectedChopped

120 of RF Period


11

Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ)

Choice of Parameters – main considerations


12

Choice of Parameters - RFQ

Main considerations will be- To control the emittance growth Less power loss in the structure to enable

efficient removal of heat Higher transmission efficiency to reduce

the risk of structure activationChoice of Structure

Higher efficiency, simplicity in heat removal

Four Vane Cavity Structure


13

Input/output Energy

Input energy can be anywhere from 30 to 100 keV

Higher output energy is preferred from injection point of view in the following accelerator

The RFQ output energy range from 3 MeV to 7 MeV for similar projects around the world

The output energy chosen is 4.5 MeV


14

The Design Frequency

Major factor – Availability RF Power Source Higher power conversion efficiency f1/2

Choice of higher frequency Dimensional tolerances f-1/2

Power dissipation capability of the accelerator structure f-1

Choice of lower frequencyConsidering CW operating mode, machining andalignment tolerances, we chose f = 350 MHz


15

Inter-vane Voltage Higher inter-vane voltage preferred for

Better transverse focusing and better beam characteristicsBetter transmission efficiencyHigher acceleration efficiency & in turn shorter accelerator length

Lower inter-voltage is preferred forLower power loss in the structureLess probability of sparking


16

Inter-vane Voltage (Contd.)Power dissipation in the structure V2

Acceleration or energy gain V Being a CW accelerator, the last point is

of crucial importance. The inter-vane voltage between 65-90 kV

should be a good choice.We generated RFQ designs withInter-voltages of 65, 70, 75, 80 and 85 kVThe design with 65 kV is selected


17

Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) Frequency 350 MHz Energy 4.5 MeV Beam current 25 mA Inter vane voltage 65 kV Particle H+/H– Total length 6.52 m Transmission efficiency 96.3 % Total power loss(structure) 428 kW Beam power 111.25 kW Max. surface E field (Emax) 26 MV/m Kilpatrick 1.4


18

RFQ – Design Parameters Modulation Parameter (m) 1 – 1.915 Average radius (r0) 3.30 mm

Synchronous phase (s) -90 - -30 Transmission efficiency () 96.3 % Input emitt. t,rms(n) 0.20 m.rad

Output emitt. t,rms(n) 0.20 m.rad

Output emitt. z,rms(n) 0.10 deg.MeV

Quality factor (Q0) 9000


19

RFQ – Design Parameters

Modulation Parameter (m) 1 – 1.915 Average radius (r0) 3.30 mm

Synchronous phase (s) -90 - -30 Transmission efficiency () 96.3 % Input emitt. t,rms(n) 0.20 m.rad

Output emitt. t,rms(n) 0.20 m.rad

Output emitt. z,rms(n) 0.10 deg.MeV

Quality factor (Q0) 9000


20

RFQ Cavity Characteristics

Four vane structure Transverse cross

section optimized with SUPERFISH

Power loss = 656 W/cm Power density 6 W/cm2

3D Study with MAFIA is in progress to decide about joining the multiple sections.


21

100 MeV DTL as injector for SNS DTL is designed for 50 mA with a view to

inject more current into synchrotron with increased injection energy.

A 50 mA RFQ is redesigned with 85 kV intervane voltage, Length = 5.5 m.

Beam dynamics design is performed with PARMILA.

Beam available from RFQ is traced through DTL

MEBT design and matching through DTL is studied with TRACE3D


22

Matched beam through DTL

10.000 mm X 50.000 mrad

30.000 Deg X 300.00 keV

10.000 mm X 50.000 mrad

30.000 Deg X 300.00 keV

NP2= 1670

10.00 mm (Horiz) 30.0 Deg (Long.)

10.00 mm (Vert)

NP1= 1

Length= 74150.16mm

1

RFQ

2

RFQ

3

4

Q

5

6

G

7

8

Q

9

10

Q

11

12

G

13

14

Q

15

16

Q

17

Q

18

19

G

20

21

Q

22

Q

23

24

G

25

26

Q

27

Q

28

29

G

30

31

Q

32

Q

33

34

G

35

36

Q

37

Q

38

39

G

40

41

Q

42

Q

43

44

G

45

46

Q

47

Q

48

49

G

50

51

Q

52

Q

53

54

G

55

56

Q

57

Q

58

59

G

60

61

Q

62

Q

63

64

G

65

66

Q

67

Q

68

69

G

70

71

Q

72

Q

73

74

G

75

76

Q

77

Q

78

79

G

80

81

Q

82

Q

83

84

G

85

86

Q

87

Q

88

89

G

90

91

Q

92

Q

93

94

G

95

96

Q

97

Q

98

99

G

100

101

Q

102

Q

103

104

G

105

106

Q

107

Q

108

109

G

110

111

Q

112

Q

113

114

G

115

116

Q

117

Q

118

119

G

120

121

Q

122

Q

123

124

G

125

126

Q

127

Q

128

129

G

130

131

Q

132

Q

133

134

G

135

136

Q

137

Q

138

139

G

140

141

Q

142

Q

143

144

G

145

146

Q

147

Q

148

149

G

150

151

Q

152

Q

153

154

G

155

156

Q

157

Q

158

159

G

160

161

Q

162

Q

163

164

G

165

166

Q

167

Q

168

169

G

170

171

Q

172

Q

173

174

G

175

176

Q

177

Q

178

179

G

180

181

Q

182

Q

183

184

G

185

186

Q

187

Q

188

189

G

190

191

Q

192

Q

193

194

G

195

196

Q

197

Q

198

199

G

200

201

Q

202

Q

203

204

G

205

206

Q

207

Q

208

209

G

210

211

Q

212

Q

213

214

G

215

216

Q

217

Q

218

219

G

220

221

Q

222

Q

223

224

G

225

226

Q

227

Q

228

229

G

230

231

Q

232

Q

233

234

G

235

236

Q

237

Q

238

239

G

240

241

Q

242

Q

243

244

G

245

246

Q

247

Q

248

249

G

250

251

Q

252

Q

253

254

G

255

256

Q

257

Q

258

259

G

260

261

Q

262

Q

263

264

G

265

266

Q

267

Q

268

269

G

270

271

Q

272

Q

273

274

G

275

276

Q

277

Q

278

279

G

280

281

Q

282

Q

283

284

G

285

286

Q

287

Q

288

289

G

290

291

Q

292

Q

293

294

G

295

296

Q

297

Q

298

299

G

300

301

Q

302

Q

303

304

G

305

306

Q

307

Q

308

309

G

310

311

Q

312

Q

313

314

G

315

316

Q

317

Q

318

319

G

320

321

Q

322

Q

323

324

G

325

326

Q

327

Q

328

329

G

330

331

Q

332

Q

333

334

G

335

336

Q

337

Q

338

339

G

340

341

Q

342

Q

343

344

Q

345

Q

346

347

G

348

349

Q

350

Q

351

352

G

353

354

Q

355

Q

356

357

G

358

359

Q

360

Q

361

362

G

363

364

Q

365

Q

366

367

G

368

369

Q

370

Q

371

372

G

373

374

Q

375

Q

376

377

G

378

379

Q

380

Q

381

382

G

383

384

Q

385

Q

386

387

G

388

389

Q

390

Q

391

392

G

393

394

Q

395

Q

396

397

G

398

399

Q

400

Q

401

402

G

403

404

Q

405

Q

406

407

G

408

409

Q

410

Q

411

412

G

413

414

Q

415

Q

416

417

G

418

419

Q

420

Q

421

422

G

423

424

Q

425

Q

426

427

G

428

429

Q

430

Q

431

432

G

433

434

Q

435

Q

436

437

G

438

439

Q

440

Q

441

442

G

443

444

Q

445

Q

446

447

G

448

449

Q

450

Q

451

452

G

453

454

Q

455

Q

456

457

G

458

459

Q

460

Q

461

462

G

463

464

Q

465

Q

466

467

G

468

469

Q

470

Q

471

472

G

473

474

Q

475

Q

476

477

G

478

479

Q

480

Q

481

482

G

483

484

Q

485

Q

486

487

G

488

489

Q

490

Q

491

492

G

493

494

Q

495

Q

496

497

G

498

499

Q

500

Q

501

502

G

503

504

Q

505

Q

506

507

G

508

509

Q

510

Q

511

512

G

513

514

Q

515

Q

516

517

G

518

519

Q

520

Q

521

522

G

523

524

Q

525

Q

526

527

G

528

529

Q

530

Q

531

532

G

533

534

Q

535

Q

536

537

G

538

539

Q

540

Q

541

542

G

543

544

Q

545

Q

546

547

G

548

549

Q

550

Q

551

552

G

553

554

Q

555

Q

556

557

G

558

559

Q

560

Q

561

562

G

563

564

Q

565

Q

566

567

G

568

569

Q

570

Q

571

572

G

573

574

Q

575

Q

576

577

G

578

579

Q

580

Q

581

582

G

583

584

Q

585

Q

586

587

G

588

589

Q

590

Q

591

592

G

593

594

Q

595

Q

596

597

G

598

599

Q

600

Q

601

602

G

603

604

Q

605

Q

606

607

G

608

609

Q

610

Q

611

612

G

613

614

Q

615

Q

616

617

G

618

619

Q

620

Q

621

622

Q

623

Q

624

625

G

626

627

Q

628

Q

629

630

G

631

632

Q

633

Q

634

635

G

636

637

Q

638

Q

639

640

G

641

642

Q

643

Q

644

645

G

646

647

Q

648

Q

649

650

G

651

652

Q

653

Q

654

655

G

656

657

Q

658

Q

659

660

G

661

662

Q

663

Q

664

665

G

666

667

Q

668

Q

669

670

G

671

672

Q

673

Q

674

675

G

676

677

Q

678

Q

679

680

G

681

682

Q

683

Q

684

685

G

686

687

Q

688

Q

689

690

G

691

692

Q

693

Q

694

695

G

696

697

Q

698

Q

699

700

G

701

702

Q

703

Q

704

705

G

706

707

Q

708

Q

709

710

G

711

712

Q

713

Q

714

715

G

716

717

Q

718

Q

719

720

G

721

722

Q

723

Q

724

725

G

726

727

Q

728

Q

729

730

G

731

732

Q

733

Q

734

735

G

736

737

Q

738

Q

739

740

G

741

742

Q

743

Q

744

745

G

746

747

Q

748

Q

749

750

G

751

752

Q

753

Q

754

755

G

756

757

Q

758

Q

759

760

G

761

762

Q

763

Q

764

765

G

766

767

Q

768

Q

769

770

G

771

772

Q

773

Q

774

775

G

776

777

Q

778

Q

779

780

G

781

782

Q

783

Q

784

785

G

786

787

Q

788

Q

789

790

G

791

792

Q

793

Q

794

795

G

796

797

Q

798

Q

799

800

G

801

802

Q

803

Q

804

805

G

806

807

Q

808

Q

809

810

G

811

812

Q

813

Q

814

815

G

816

817

Q

818

Q

819

820

G

821

822

Q

823

Q

824

825

G

826

827

Q

828

Q

829

830

G

831

832

Q

833

Q

834

835

G

836

837

Q

838

Q

839

840

G

841

842

Q

843

Q

844

845

G

846

847

Q

848

Q

849

850

G

851

852

Q

853

Q

854

855

G

856

857

Q

858

Q

859

860

G

861

862

Q

863

Q

864

865

G

866

867

Q

868

Q

869

870

Q

871

Q

872

873

G

874

875

Q

876

Q

877

878

G

879

880

Q

881

Q

882

883

G

884

885

Q

886

Q

887

888

G

889

890

Q

891

Q

892

893

G

894

895

Q

896

Q

897

898

G

899

900

Q

901

Q

902

903

G

904

905

Q

906

Q

907

908

G

909

910

Q

911

Q

912

913

G

914

915

Q

916

Q

917

918

G

919

920

Q

921

Q

922

923

G

924

925

Q

926

Q

927

928

G

929

930

Q

931

Q

932

933

G

934

935

Q

936

Q

937

938

G

939

940

Q

941

Q

942

943

G

944

945

Q

946

Q

947

948

G

949

950

Q

951

Q

952

953

G

954

955

Q

956

Q

957

958

G

959

960

Q

961

Q

962

963

G

964

965

Q

966

Q

967

968

G

969

970

Q

971

Q

972

973

G

974

975

Q

976

Q

977

978

G

979

980

Q

981

Q

982

983

G

984

985

Q

986

Q

987

988

G

989

990

Q

991

Q

992

993

G

994

995

Q

996

Q

997

998

G

999

1000

Q

1001

Q

1002

1003

G

1004

1005

Q

1006

Q

1007

1008

G

1009

1010

Q

1011

Q

1012

1013

G

1014

1015

Q

1016

Q

1017

1018

G

1019

1020

Q

1021

Q

1022

1023

G

1024

1025

Q

1026

Q

1027

1028

G

1029

1030

Q

1031

Q

1032

1033

G

1034

1035

Q

1036

Q

1037

1038

G

1039

1040

Q

1041

Q

1042

1043

G

1044

1045

Q

1046

Q

1047

1048

G

1049

1050

Q

1051

Q

1052

1053

G

1054

1055

Q

1056

Q

1057

1058

G

1059

1060

Q

1061

Q

1062

1063

G

1064

1065

Q

1066

Q

1067

1068

G

1069

1070

Q

1071

Q

1072

1073

G

1074

1075

Q

1076

Q

1077

1078

G

1079

1080

Q

1081

Q

1082

1083

G

1084

1085

Q

1086

Q

1087

1088

G

1089

1090

Q

1091

Q

1092

1093

G

1094

1095

Q

1096

Q

1097

1098

G

1099

1100

Q

1101

Q

1102

1103

G

1104

1105

Q

1106

Q

1107

1108

Q

1109

Q

1110

1111

G

1112

1113

Q

1114

Q

1115

1116

G

1117

1118

Q

1119

Q

1120

1121

G

1122

1123

Q

1124

Q

1125

1126

G

1127

1128

Q

1129

Q

1130

1131

G

1132

1133

Q

1134

Q

1135

1136

G

1137

1138

Q

1139

Q

1140

1141

G

1142

1143

Q

1144

Q

1145

1146

G

1147

1148

Q

1149

Q

1150

1151

G

1152

1153

Q

1154

Q

1155

1156

G

1157

1158

Q

1159

Q

1160

1161

G

1162

1163

Q

1164

Q

1165

1166

G

1167

1168

Q

1169

Q

1170

1171

G

1172

1173

Q

1174

Q

1175

1176

G

1177

1178

Q

1179

Q

1180

1181

G

1182

1183

Q

1184

Q

1185

1186

G

1187

1188

Q

1189

Q

1190

1191

G

1192

1193

Q

1194

Q

1195

1196

G

1197

1198

Q

1199

Q

1200

1201

G

1202

1203

Q

1204

Q

1205

1206

G

1207

1208

Q

1209

Q

1210

1211

G

1212

1213

Q

1214

Q

1215

1216

G

1217

1218

Q

1219

Q

1220

1221

G

1222

1223

Q

1224

Q

1225

1226

G

1227

1228

Q

1229

Q

1230

1231

G

1232

1233

Q

1234

Q

1235

1236

G

1237

1238

Q

1239

Q

1240

1241

G

1242

1243

Q

1244

Q

1245

1246

G

1247

1248

Q

1249

Q

1250

1251

G

1252

1253

Q

1254

Q

1255

1256

G

1257

1258

Q

1259

Q

1260

1261

G

1262

1263

Q

1264

Q

1265

1266

G

1267

1268

Q

1269

Q

1270

1271

G

1272

1273

Q

1274

Q

1275

1276

G

1277

1278

Q

1279

Q

1280

1281

G

1282

1283

Q

1284

Q

1285

1286

G

1287

1288

Q

1289

Q

1290

1291

G

1292

1293

Q

1294

Q

1295

1296

G

1297

1298

Q

1299

Q

1300

1301

G

1302

1303

Q

1304

Q

1305

1306

G

1307

1308

Q

1309

Q

1310

1311

G

1312

1313

Q

1314

Q

1315

1316

Q

1317

Q

1318

1319

G

1320

1321

Q

1322

Q

1323

1324

G

1325

1326

Q

1327

Q

1328

1329

G

1330

1331

Q

1332

Q

1333

1334

G

1335

1336

Q

1337

Q

1338

1339

G

1340

1341

Q

1342

Q

1343

1344

G

1345

1346

Q

1347

Q

1348

1349

G

1350

1351

Q

1352

Q

1353

1354

G

1355

1356

Q

1357

Q

1358

1359

G

1360

1361

Q

1362

Q

1363

1364

G

1365

1366

Q

1367

Q

1368

1369

G

1370

1371

Q

1372

Q

1373

1374

G

1375

1376

Q

1377

Q

1378

1379

G

1380

1381

Q

1382

Q

1383

1384

G

1385

1386

Q

1387

Q

1388

1389

G

1390

1391

Q

1392

Q

1393

1394

G

1395

1396

Q

1397

Q

1398

1399

G

1400

1401

Q

1402

Q

1403

1404

G

1405

1406

Q

1407

Q

1408

1409

G

1410

1411

Q

1412

Q

1413

1414

G

1415

1416

Q

1417

Q

1418

1419

G

1420

1421

Q

1422

Q

1423

1424

G

1425

1426

Q

1427

Q

1428

1429

G

1430

1431

Q

1432

Q

1433

1434

G

1435

1436

Q

1437

Q

1438

1439

G

1440

1441

Q

1442

Q

1443

1444

G

1445

1446

Q

1447

Q

1448

1449

G

1450

1451

Q

1452

Q

1453

1454

G

1455

1456

Q

1457

Q

1458

1459

G

1460

1461

Q

1462

Q

1463

1464

G

1465

1466

Q

1467

Q

1468

1469

G

1470

1471

Q

1472

Q

1473

1474

G

1475

1476

Q

1477

Q

1478

1479

G

1480

1481

Q

1482

Q

1483

1484

G

1485

1486

Q

1487

Q

1488

1489

G

1490

1491

Q

1492

Q

1493

1494

G

1495

1496

Q

1497

Q

1498

1499

G

1500

1501

Q

1502

Q

1503

1504

Q

1505

Q

1506

1507

G

1508

1509

Q

1510

Q

1511

1512

G

1513

1514

Q

1515

Q

1516

1517

G

1518

1519

Q

1520

Q

1521

1522

G

1523

1524

Q

1525

Q

1526

1527

G

1528

1529

Q

1530

Q

1531

1532

G

1533

1534

Q

1535

Q

1536

1537

G

1538

1539

Q

1540

Q

1541

1542

G

1543

1544

Q

1545

Q

1546

1547

G

1548

1549

Q

1550

Q

1551

1552

G

1553

1554

Q

1555

Q

1556

1557

G

1558

1559

Q

1560

Q

1561

1562

G

1563

1564

Q

1565

Q

1566

1567

G

1568

1569

Q

1570

Q

1571

1572

G

1573

1574

Q

1575

Q

1576

1577

G

1578

1579

Q

1580

Q

1581

1582

G

1583

1584

Q

1585

Q

1586

1587

G

1588

1589

Q

1590

Q

1591

1592

G

1593

1594

Q

1595

Q

1596

1597

G

1598

1599

Q

1600

Q

1601

1602

G

1603

1604

Q

1605

Q

1606

1607

G

1608

1609

Q

1610

Q

1611

1612

G

1613

1614

Q

1615

Q

1616

1617

G

1618

1619

Q

1620

Q

1621

1622

G

1623

1624

Q

1625

Q

1626

1627

G

1628

1629

Q

1630

Q

1631

1632

G

1633

1634

Q

1635

Q

1636

1637

G

1638

1639

Q

1640

Q

1641

1642

G

1643

1644

Q

1645

Q

1646

1647

G

1648

1649

Q

1650

Q

1651

1652

G

1653

1654

Q

1655

Q

1656

1657

G

1658

1659

Q

1660

Q

1661

1662

G

1663

1664

Q

1665

Q

1666

1667

G

1668

1669

Q

1670

Q

H A= -1.2875 B= 0.13660 V A= 1.6027 B= 0.18408

Z A= 3.95600E-02 B= 0.45346

BEAM AT NEL1= 1

H A=-1.38384E-03 B= 0.87687 V A=-1.25605E-03 B= 1.7475

Z A=-2.31389E-02 B= 3.32246E-02

BEAM AT NEL2= 1669 I= 50.0mA W= 4.5000 100.4984 MeV

FREQ= 350.00MHz WL= 856.55mm EMITI= 22.620 22.420 1167.00 EMITO= 4.669 4.628 1167.18

N1= 1 N2= 1669 PRINTOUT VALUES PP PE VALUEMATCHING TYPE = 8

DESIRED VALUES (BEAMF) alpha beta x 0.0004 1.6142 y 0.0005 0.8072 MATCH VARIABLES (NC=4)

MPP MPE VALUE 1 1496 39.92440 1 1501 -39.74996 1 1504 39.73440 1 1509 -39.89799

CODE: TRACE3D v67LY FILE: nd50-12.t3d DATE: 01/19/2004 TIME: 00:17:06


23

Beam transmission through DTL*** 100 MeV 350 MHz DTL AS INJECTOR FOR INDIAN SNS ***

-1.0

0.

1.0

-13 125 262 400

x (cm) vs. cell no.

-1.0

0.

1.0

-13 125 262 400

y (cm) vs. cell no.

-1.0

0.

1.0

-13 125 262 400

w-ws (MeV) vs. cell no.

100 MeV DTL - Parameters Energy 100 MeV Beam current 50 mA Average E0 1.8 – 2.2 MV/mm Synchronous phase -60 – -30 Length 74 meters Number of Tanks 7 Tank diameter 52 – 50 – 48 cm Total power 6.76 MW Focussing lattice FODO Input Tr (n,rms) 0.2 mm mrad

Output Tr (n, rms) 0.28 mm mrad

Long (n, rms) 0.197 deg.MeV Energy spread (100%) 450 keV Phase spread (100%)16.6 rms radius at O/P 1.27 mm


25

Beam at the Output*** 100 MeV 350 MHz DTL AS INJECTOR FOR INDIAN SNS ***

ncell = 327 plot#= 343 Zposition= 7400.961

-.015

-.008

0.

.008

.015

-1.000 -.500 0. .500 1.000Xp vs. X -.015

-.008

0.

.008

.015

-1.000 -.500 0. .500 1.000Yp vs. Y

ngood= 9607

-1.000

-.500

0.

.500

1.000

-1.000 -.500 0. .500 1.000Y vs. X -1.000

-.500

0.

.500

1.000

-90.0 -45.0 0. 45.0 90.0E-Es vs. Phi-Phis

Es= 100.498 Ps=-30.0

January 5, 2004S. A. Pande - CAT-KEK School on SNS 1 100 MeV Injector Linac for Indian Spallation...

Documents

Transcript of January 5, 2004S. A. Pande - CAT-KEK School on SNS 1 100 MeV Injector Linac for Indian Spallation...