January 2008 APWA Reporter

Public Works:Fulfilling a critical role in emergency planning and response

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January 2008 APWA Reporter 3

Vol. 75, No. 1

The APWA Reporter, the official magazine of the American Public Works Association, covers all facets of public works for APWA members including industry news, legislative actions, management issues and emerging technologies.

January2008

I N S I D E A P W A

WorkZone: Your Connection to Public Works Careers

Education Calendar

World of Public Works Calendar

Index of Advertisers

C O L U M N S

M A R K E T P L A C E

C A L E N D A R

4

8

10

16

20

22

24

26

32

6

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EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ISSUEPresident’s Message

Technical Committee News

Snow professionals heading to Louisville

Being First: Two First-Timers Meeting experiences

Public Works DIVAs: Dynamic, Intelligent, Victorious, Accomplished

SCRC spotlight on the Kansas Road Scholar Program

APWA Book Review

Index to 2007 articles

New APWA staff

Washington Insight

Recipes for Success

International Idea Exchange

Ask Ann

W O R K Z O N E

Products in the News

Professional Directory

57

58

Public Works Working Group: Working to benefit the profession

Evacuations

Full-scale mock disaster event in Beloit, Wisconsin

Cascading infrastructure failures and you!

Care for employees

Public Works Mutual Aid: Who needs it and why

36

39

41

44

46

48

F E A T U R E S

On the cover: New York City Sanitation Department street sweepers played a major role in picking up tons of debris following the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center on 9/11. (Photo by Kathy Dawkins, Director of Public Information, and John Pampolone, Assistant Director of Public Information, New York City Sanitation Department)

4 APWA Reporter January 2008

Official Magazine of theAmerican Public Works Association

PUBLISHERAmerican Public Works Association2345 Grand Blvd., Suite #700Kansas City, MO 64108-2625(800) 848-APWA (Member Services Hotline)(816) 472-6100 (Kansas City metro area)FAX (816) 472-1610e-mail: [email protected]: www.apwa.net

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORPeter B. King

EDITORR. Kevin Clark

GRAPHIC DESIGNERJulie Smith

ADVERTISING SALESAmanda Daniel R. Kevin ClarkErin Ladd Kansas City LiaisonJennifer Wirz (800) 848-APWA(800) 800-0341

APWA WASHINGTON OFFICE1401 K. Street NW, 11th floorWashington, D.C. 20005(202) 408-9541 FAX (202) 408-9542

Disclaimer: The American Public Works Association assumes no responsibility for statements and/or opinions advanced by either editorial or advertising contributors to this issue. APWA reserves the right to refuse to publish and to edit manuscripts to conform to the APWA Reporter standards.

Publisher’s Notice: The APWA Reporter, January 2008, Vol. 75, No. 1 (ISSN 0092-4873; Publications Agreement No. 40040340). The APWA Reporter is published monthly by the American Public Works Association, 2345 Grand Boulevard, Suite 700, Kansas City, MO 64108-2625. Subscription rate is $155 for nonmembers and $25 for chapter-spon-sored students. Periodicals postage paid at Kansas City, MO and additional mailing offices. POSTMAS-TER: Send address changes to the APWA Reporter, 2345 Grand Boulevard, #700, Kansas City, MO 64108-2625. Canada returns to: Station A, P.O. Box 54, Windsor, ON N9A 6J5.

Reprints and Permissions: Information is available at www.apwa.net/Publications/Reporter/guidelines.asp.

© 2008 by American Public Works Association

Address Change?To alert us of a change to your membership record, contact an APWA Membership Specialist at (800) 848-APWA or [email protected].

The APWA Reporter is printed by Harmony Printing & Development Co., Liberty, MO.

Larry W. Frevert, P.E.APWA President

Public Works ignored: Time to look in the mirror?

uring the recent wildfires in California, Governor Schwarzenegger in a public address thanked firefighters,

police officers, emergency medical personnel and volunteers involved in the efforts to fight the fires. Sadly, public works was conspicuously ab-sent from the listing of agencies that he formally recognized.

It goes without saying though that public works personnel were instru-mental in ensuring the availability of water to fight the fires, ensuring fire trucks were available to put in service, protecting critical infra-structure, establishing and operating evacuation routes and perimeters to protect evacuees, and clearing debris from roadways. We know the key role we play, but others don’t.

Thanks to the leadership of our staff at APWA, a letter was sent to the gov-ernor and the mayor of each of the impacted communities offering as-sistance and reminding them of the presence of public works in fighting the fires and protecting the commu-nities in which they reside. All other mayors of California cities (470 in all) received communications from APWA as a reminder of the critical role public works plays in emergency planning and response. In addition, letters were sent to all APWA mem-bers in California providing them with information on FEMA reim-bursement procedures and offering assistance to them as well.

While we struggle with trying to understand why it is so difficult for public works to get recognized for the work that we do in responding to emergency situations in our commu-nities, we have to ask ourselves: Does some of the responsibility lie at our door? Is it time to look in the mirror?

In January 2005, then-APWA Presi-dent Tom Trice challenged all APWA members to “make some noise and let these officials know who we are and what we do,” because we “have always been the invisible first re-sponder at the scene of many emer-gencies.” Has APWA heeded that advice? More importantly, have members individually taken action locally?

Many of our Emergency Manage-ment Committee members have been invited to participate in emer-gency management training, meet-ings and workgroups with other first responders to share information on the role of public works in emergen-cy operations. Without exception, each of the committee members has been told by emergency managers, fire and law enforcement representatives across the nation that they have been unable to get their local public works personnel interested in participating in meetings and training opportunities back home. Knowing that we have so much to bring to the table to benefit our com-munities, why are we not coming to the table?

All public works agencies are required to be substantially compliant with the National Incident Management System requirements in order to stay eligible for federal grants. There really is no justifiable reason for us to not only accept invitations to be at the table, but to be pushing our way in to ensure that our people and agencies are appropriately trained and available to participate in the protection and emergency responses in our communities.

The APWA staff in Washington, D.C. continues to be in active communica-tion with federal agency staff, congres-sional staff and members of Congress


AMERICAN PUBLIC WORKS ASSOCIATION Mission Statement: The American Public Works Association serves its members by promoting professional excellence and public awareness through education, advocacy and the exchange of knowledge.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS ADVISORY COUNCIL

PRESIDENTLarry W. Frevert, P.E.National Program Director/Public Works

HDR Engineering, Inc.Kansas City, MO

PRESIDENT-ELECTNoel C. ThompsonConsultantThompson ResourcesLouisville, KY

PAST PRESIDENTWilliam A. Verkest, P.E.Texas Municipal Program Manager

HDR Engineering, Inc.Arlington, TX

DIRECTOR, REGION IJean-Guy CourtemancheBusiness DevelopmentLumec, Inc.Boisbriand, QC

DIRECTOR, REGION IIEd Gottko, P.E.Town Administrator (retired)Town of Westfield, NJ

DIRECTOR, REGION IIIElizabeth TreadwayVice PresidentAMEC Earth & EnvironmentalGreensboro, NC

DIRECTOR, REGION IVShelby P. LaSalle, Jr.Chairman and CEOKrebs, LaSalle, LeMieux Consultants, Inc.

Metairie, LA

DIRECTOR, REGION VLarry T. Koehle, P.Eng.PresidentL&N ConsultingBrampton, ON

DIRECTOR, REGION VILarry Stevens, P.E.SUDAS DirectorIowa State UniversityAmes, IA

DIRECTOR, REGION VIIR. LeRoy Givens, P.E.Vice President & Senior Project Manager

Bohannan Huston, Inc.Corrales, NM

DIRECTOR, REGION VIIIAnn Burnett-TroisiGovernmental Liaison for Pacific Bell (retired)

San Diego, CA

DIRECTOR, REGION IXDoug DreverManager of Strategic ServicesCity of Saskatoon, SK

DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE,ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGYPatty Hilderbrand, P.E.Program Management & Development Manager

City of Kansas City, MO

DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE,ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTGeorge CrombieSecretary of Natural ResourcesState of VermontWaterbury, VT

DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE,FLEET & FACILITIESMANAGEMENTKen A. NerlandDirector, General Services Dept.City of Fresno, CA

DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE,PUBLIC WORKSMGMT./LEADERSHIPDiane Linderman, P.E.Director, Urban Infrastructure and Development

VHB, Inc. Richmond, VA

DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE,TRANSPORTATIONJohn OkamotoChief Administrative OfficerPort of SeattleSeattle, WA

Robert Albee

Roger K. Brown

Myron D. Calkins

Joseph F. Casazza

Nick W. Diakiw

Robert C. Esterbrooks

Jerry M. Fay

Bob Freudenthal

Herbert A. Goetsch

J. Geoffrey Greenough

Ken Haag

Erwin F. Hensch

Robert S. Hopson

Ronald W. Jensen

Dwayne Kalynchuk

Martin J. Manning

James L. Martin

James J. McDonough

Robert Miller

Lambert C. Mims

Judith M. Mueller

Ronald L. Norris

Michael R. Pender

Richard L. Ridings

John J. Roark

Harold E. Smith

June Rosentreter Spence

Tom Trice

Win Westfall

Carl D. Wills

(Past APWA Presidents)

William A. Verkest, Chair

Executive DirectorPeter B. King

Executive Director EmeritusRobert D. Bugher

Myron D. Calkins

Gordon R. Garner

Neil S. Grigg

Susan M. Hann

Stephen J. ONeill

Kyle E. Schilling

Editorial Advisory Board

to educate them on the role of public works and how APWA members can help on both the national and local efforts in protecting and responding in our juris-dictions. These efforts were exemplified with the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between APWA and the Federal Emergency Management Agency at Congress last September.

The signing of the MOU at Congress was ceremonial. The real discussion with FEMA occurred in July when your Executive Committee and APWA staff met with FEMA Administrator David Paulison and his staff in his Washing-ton, D.C. office. President Verkest and Past President Freudenthal and I, along

with staff, were very impressed with the FEMA Administrator’s personal knowl-edge of the MOU’s content.

Administrator Paulison understood and was sensitive to our concern that no APWA members were included on the recently appointed FEMA National Ad-visory Council. He acknowledged the unintended oversight and promised to give consideration to our nominations for the Regional Advisory Councils in 2008. So far, we have recommended four members who have shown interest towards serving in that capacity. Also, as a follow-up to our visit to Louisiana in February, we shared the concern of our New Orleans members regarding FEMA’s interaction with local public works offi-cials in that community. As a result, Mr. Paulison agreed to have a member of his staff provide the program and respond to audience questions when the Loui-siana Chapter holds their meeting later this month on January 10.

Members of the Emergency Manage-ment Committee and others continue to represent the APWA membership on such working groups and committees as the Homeland Security Consortium, National Incident Management Con-sortium, IAFC Mutual Aid Task Force, Presidential Senior Advisory Commit-tee, SAFECOM and Credentialing. What

we need is for each APWA member to take an active role in emergency man-agement planning and training locally and take every opportunity to let your communities know the role of public works in emergency response.

This month’s APWA Reporter focuses on emergency management with such top-ics as mutual aid agreements, update on credentialing and resource typing, cas-cading infrastructure, and training and exercising. A three-part Click, Listen & Learn Emergency Preparedness Series is underway with the second session taking place January 31. If you missed the first program, “Before the Disaster: Training and Exercise,” a CD-ROM of the program will be available through the APWA Bookstore.

I want to encourage all of our members to educate yourselves on the role of public works as first responders and, if you haven’t already, to make plans to establish a relationship with other first responders in your jurisdictions.

In the meantime, thank you for all you do for APWA and for your service daily to the public works profession.

APWA President Larry Frevert (front right) discusses the role of public works officials with FEMA Administrator David Paulison (front left). Also pictured are (clockwise from Mr. Paulison) APWA Immediate Past President Bill Verkest, APWA staff members Dan Jensen and Jim Fahey, FEMA staff members Amy Humphreys and Aaron Walker, and APWA Past President Bob Freudenthal.


n the short two and a half years that I have worked for the American Public Works Association, I have had the dubious honor of being witness to several devastating di-sasters that have changed this nation and the way we pre-

pare for and respond to future catastrophic events. Indeed, if anything can be considered a silver-lining when it comes to catastrophes, it is that people come together to try and learn from their mistakes.

One of the processes that I have come to be a part of here in Washington, and one that is directly related to my duties within this association, is learning to engage the political machine as a means to ensure that public works profession-als are better prepared for disasters, and that they are given the resources they need, be it funding or training, to be suc-

cessful in the future. And as many of you know, it is not an easy task.

I am not telling you this to elicit your sympathy—far from it, in fact. I absolutely love what I do, and I love being on the forefront of the changes in emergency management, and having a hand in the events that help change destinies. OK, so I’m making it sound a little more romantic than it actu-ally is. But the point I’m trying to make is that I believe in what I do. What’s more, I believe in what I’m doing for pub-lic works professionals. I have made your cause my own.

But I can’t fight for this cause alone. I need your help.

As most of you know, there are many other players—some much more recognizable than public works—when it comes to the field of first responders. Some of these groups, includ-ing fire, police and rescue personnel, are our friends. We are all interdependent on one another, and it is impossible to envision a first response to disaster with any piece of this great machine missing. Yet we, as a body of public works professionals across the country, struggle in a constant up-hill battle for recognition from our local, state and national elected officials. These are the people who write the laws that authorize funds, training, interoperability, response plans, etc. You get the picture.

Yes, we have had some great successes. We have Presidential recognition (see Homeland Security Presidential Directive – HSPD-8), and have been given prominent roles in national groups and coalitions dedicated to educating legislators about the role of first responders. But we have so much fur-ther to go.

As people who value freedom, we believe in the power of the vote. We’ve been doing it since the age of 18. One of the greatest hallmarks of a free society is the ability to elect lead-ers and representatives that will serve our own interests—be they personal or professional. Most of us have voted at least once, and many of us treat it with an almost sacred sanctity. Voting is what separates us from the tyrannies of the past, and allows us to control our own destinies. It is the ultimate freedom of expression. Here I go being romantic again.

Yet, why is it that most of us limit our civic participation to the casting of a vote at the ballot box in November? Cer-tainly there are other ways to shape our destinies when it comes to the way we are governed, right? Absolutely there

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Your New Year’s Emergency Management Resolution: Helping me help you!Dan JensenGovernment Affairs ManagerAPWA Washington Office


are. Unfortunately, most of us are under the impression that to become more involved, one must dedicate hours on a campaign, spend time making endless phone calls or watch C-Span on the weekend. And yes, while some of these activi-ties would make your high school civics teacher (and me) proud, most of us lack the time to carry them out. However, I’m saying to you that there is a way.

Becoming involved does not necessarily require much more of your already scarce time. For starters, I’m here in Wash-ington along with several other experienced and dedicated APWA staffers to do most of the so-called dirty work for you. We just need to be privy to the issues that concern you. Don’t count on the fact that someone else might do it, because that someone else is probably thinking the same thing. If it’s a federal issue, we can get involved on your behalf. If it’s local, we can guide you. Elected officials are far more willing to listen to us when they know one of their constituents—you—is behind the call to action.

Recently, after the California wildfires, APWA sent out a mes-sage to our California members letting them know what they can do and where they can go to get the help they need. Part of those instructions mentioned going to elected officials for help. In the same way ordinary citizens come together after an emergency, legislators bond with those they represent as well. Some may consider that pandering. Well, you bet it is!

In a time when it is more important than ever to get public works professionals the recognition they deserve so that they can be better prepared for future disaster, you better believe we’ll do all it takes to make sure we’re not forgotten.

But apart from our efforts here on the APWA staff, you can do more as well. Develop relationships with your elected of-ficials before the next disaster. Make sure they know what you do. Introduce yourself. Stop by their office and get to know the staff. And if you don’t have time for that, write a letter. And if you don’t have time for that, let us know! We have a ton of letters you can use for templates. We honestly want to help. The bottom line is that public works as a pro-fession needs everyone to be engaged. We don’t have shiny badges or beautiful red trucks, but we have people who un-derstand every angle of emergency management.

Let’s use this New Year to make ourselves heard. Let’s go the extra mile. Let’s lengthen our stride. Together, with enough perseverance, we can change the world for the bet-ter. I know… I’m being romantic again. But I’ve found that in being optimistic, others will become convinced to our cause. What better way to heed our own suggestion to “be prepared” for the next disaster than to prepare ourselves in every way? I’m excited about it. Are you?

Dan Jensen can be reached at (202) 218-6734 or [email protected].

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For more information about APWA certification programs, visit http://www.apwa.net/certification/or contact Becky Stein, APWA Certification Manager, at (816) 595-5212 or [email protected].


enters of expertise” may be a bit of an under-statement when you look at what the members of the Emergency Management Committee are involved in on behalf of APWA. In addition

to providing testimony in Washington, D.C., conducting state, regional and international training, planning work-shop sessions for APWA’s Congress, and locating authors for this issue of the Reporter, committee members serve on a variety of national committees and task forces. All this is done in their spare time and with no additional compensa-tion from their employers.

The six volunteer members of the committee are Chair Te-resa Scott (City of Gainesville, FL), Larry Zensinger (Dew-berry, Fairfax, VA), Christine Walsh (City of Beloit, WA), Brian Usher (City of Largo, FL), David Himes (City of Nash-ville, TN), and Curt Edwards (Psomas, San Diego, CA). Dan Jensen serves as the advocacy liaison in the APWA office in Washington, D.C. Teresa Hon is the staff liaison and works in the Kansas City office.

Following is a brief description of the consortiums, com-mittees and task forces on which these committee mem-bers represent public works and APWA:

The National Homeland Security Consortium is a unique coalition of key state and local organizations, elect-ed officials, private sector employees and others with roles and responsibilities for homeland security prevention, pre-paredness, and response and recovery activities. Christine Walsh serves on the National Homeland Security Con-sortium, which is an outgrowth of discussions regarding the need for enhanced communication and coordination between disciplines and levels of government. The Con-sortium is a recognized entity by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.

Brian Usher represents APWA and public works as a par-ticipant in the National Fire Incident Management System Consortium (NFIMSC). The NFIMSC is an or-ganization of fire service professionals whose goal was to merge the two most popular incident command systems used by the American fire service (the Fire Ground Com-mand System and the Incident Command System) into a single common system.

The International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC) Board of Directors authorized the IAFC Mutual Aid Task Force to develop a National Fire Service Mutual Aid System. David Himes has been participating in this process (at the invi-tation of IAFC) as an observer, in hopes that public works officials will mirror the efforts of the fire chiefs.

The primary goal of the Congressional Hazards Cau-cus Alliance is to develop a wider understanding within Congress that reducing the risks and costs of natural disas-ters, as well as man-made hazards, is a public value. Larry Zensinger is APWA’s representative to the Alliance that works to educate congressional members and staff about the costs of these disasters to their districts and states, and the benefits their constituents will realize through greater efforts to understand, prevent and mitigate all hazards.

Brian Usher sits on the NFPA Professional Qualifi-cations Committee. The mission of the international nonprofit National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) is to reduce the worldwide burden of fire and other hazards on the quality of life by providing and advocating consen-sus codes and standards, research, training and education. NFPA membership totals more than 79,000 individuals from around the world and more than 80 national trade and professional organizations, including APWA.

The NIMS Upgrade Working Group is made up of stakeholders from first responder groups, safety and private sector members who meet semi-annually to discuss the Na-tional Incident Management System (NIMS) and direct the course of any proposed changes. Teresa Scott is APWA’s representative on the working group.

The newly-created EMAC Advisory Board was created to facilitate the effective integration of multi-discipline emer-gency response assets for nationwide mutual aid through the Emergency Management Assistance Compact. Larry Zensinger serves on the Board as APWA’s representative.

Two members of the committee, Teresa Scott and Larry Zensinger, as well as APWA members Mary Anderson (City of Highland Park, IL) and Ken Hill (City of Tulsa, OK) serve on the Universal Task List (HSPD-8, Tar-

Teresa Hon, Technical Services Program Manager, APWA, Kansas City, MissouriDan Jensen, Government Affairs Manager, APWA, Washington, D.C.

APWA Emergency Management Committee: Representing public works at the national level


geted Capabilities List). The purpose of HSPD-8 is to “establish policies to strengthen the preparedness of the United States to prevent and respond to threatened or ac-tual domestic terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies by requiring a national domestic all-hazards preparedness goal, establishing mechanisms for improved delivery of federal preparedness assistance to state and lo-cal governments, and outlining actions to strengthen pre-paredness capabilities of federal, state, and local entities.”

The Emergency Management Committee also receives re-ports from APWA members who serve on other national committees.

Jeff Wilson (Wilson, Miller, Inc., Fort Myers, FL) is AP-WA’s newly-appointed representative to the SAFECOM program which was established by the Office of Manage-ment and Budget (OMB) and approved by the President’s Management Council (PMC) as a high-priority E-Gov initiative. More specifically, SAFECOM is a communica-tions program within the Office for Interoperability and Compatibility (OIC) that provides research, development, testing and evaluation, guidance, tools, and templates on communications-related issues to local, tribal, state and

federal emergency response agencies working to improve emergency response through more effective and efficient interoperable wireless communications.

Judy Mueller (City of Charlottesville, VA) serves on the Presidential Senior Advisory Committee or, as it is known officially, the Emergency Services, Law Enforcement, and Public Health and Hospitals Senior Advisory Commit-tee. Established by Executive Order 13260 of March 19, 2002, the purpose of this committee is to provide the Presi-dent’s Homeland Security Advisory Council with advice on increasing America’s security from experts representing the nation’s emergency response community.

As you can see, there are many instances where the Emer-gency Management Committee or designees are represent-ing public works and APWA at the national level. If you would like more information on any of these groups or programs, feel free to contact our office.

Dan Jensen can be reached at (202) 218-6734 or [email protected]; Teresa Hon can be reached at (816) 595-5224 or [email protected].

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he North American Snow Conference, the premier event for snow and ice management, will take place April 13–16 at the Kentucky International Conven-tion Center in Louisville, Kentucky. Hosted by AP-

WA’s Kentucky Chapter, the conference will bring together more than 1,000 participants to learn about the latest inno-vations, successful practices, and strategies in winter opera-tions and snowfighting techniques.

Host City: Louisville, KentuckySituated on the banks of the Ohio River, downtown Louisville has undergone an amazing transformation in the past few years, includ-ing an enhanced Waterfront Park and Fourth Street Live!, a thriving restaurant, enter-tainment and retail district just blocks from the official Snow Conference hotels. Just a short taxi ride away is the East End’s Bardstown Road district with more great restaurants and night life. Also within walking distance of the downtown

hotels are several unique and fun museums—the Louisville Slugger Museum and Factory, the Muhammad Ali Center, and the Frazier International History Museum, just to name a few. And of course, Louisville is the home of legendary and historic Churchill Downs and the Kentucky Derby.

The Snow Conference exhibits, education sessions, and on-site registration will be located at the Kentucky International Convention Center. Special APWA room rates are available at the official Snow Conference hotels—the Marriott Lou-isville Downtown and the Galt House Hotel & Suites, both located within walking distance of the convention center and connected by pedway.

For more information about Louisville, visit the Louisville Convention & Visitors Bureau website at www.GoToLouis-ville.com.

ExhibitsThe Snow Conference show floor just keeps getting better! For the third year in a row, Snow Conference exhibitors will be displaying heavy equipment and motorized vehicles. Come slam some doors, kick some tires, and see the latest and great-est in winter maintenance products and equipment from the more than 120 participating companies. Visit www.apwa.net/snow for a current list of this year’s exhibitors.

EducationThe Snow Conference education program includes great key-note speakers and the always-popular Snow Conference Talk Show, as well as more than 40 education sessions, roundta-bles and technical tours to choose from. This education pro-gram will help you stay abreast of the latest state-of-the-art practices and procedures in snow and ice control and winter road maintenance. You’ll come away with specific ideas to fine-tune your winter operations program.

Technical ToursThe morning of Wednesday, April 16, is dedicated entirely to the technical tour program. There is no additional cost, but space is limited so be sure to check the appropriate box on your registration form if you plan to participate.

Tour 1: Airport Snow Removal EquipmentHeld at the Louisville Regional Airport Authority’s main-tenance facility, this tour will highlight a variety of snow removal equipment utilized to remove snow from the run-ways and taxiways at Louisville International Airport. The

Snow professionals heading to LouisvillePlans are set for Snow Conference

The Louisville Slugger Museum and Factory (courtesy of the Louis-ville Convention & Visitors Bureau)

Attendees check out the vehicles and equipment at last year’s Snow Conference in St. Paul, Minnesota.

Louisville, KentuckyApril 13 - 16, 2008

Continued on p. 15

American Public Works Association Presents:

April 13 - 16, 2008

Kentucky International Convention Center, Louisville, KentuckyHosted by the Kentucky Chapter of APWA

2008 APWA North American Snow Conference 2008 APWA North American Snow Conference 2008 APWA North American Snow Conference

Join more than 1,000 public works professionals from streets, roads, and transportation departments from all across the Snow Belt of the U.S. and Canada. It’s the only place you’ll find this much experience and knowledge of snow fighting and winter road maintenance under one roof.

The American Public Works Association is the public works community’s top resource for information and expertise on winter operations. APWA’s Snow Conference combines four days of quality education programs and technical tours with opportunities to network with manufacturers, distributors, consultants and other public works professionals.

The Snow Conference exhibit floor just keeps getting better! More than 120 companies will showcase everything you need in equipment, technology, products and services for snow & ice removal and winter operations. Visit www.apwa.net/snow for a current list of this year’s exhibitors.

Not only does the Snow Conference have the best variety of vendors, it also features the best technical and educational program out there with dynamic keynote speakers and more than 40 education sessions, roundtables, and technical tours to choose from. This education program will help you stay abreast of the latest state-of-the-art practices and procedures in snow & ice control and winter road maintenance. You’ll come away with specific ideas to fine-tune your winter operations program.

Come get informed, inspired, and motivated at the48th annual North American Snow Conference!

Sunday, April 13

Opening General Session

Catching a Second Wind Speaker: John Cassis

Motivation, management and building a winning team often become simple steps when the situation is viewed with an accurate perspective. John shares humorous stories and ideas on how to sit back, take a deep breath and “Catch a Second Wind” while turning life’s challenges into

opportunities. Attendees will gain a renewed sense of passion and purpose for their work, which is crucial in building an effective team environment.

With his diverse background, John is a modern-day renaissance man. He played baseball for the California Angels organization, was the inspirational speaker for the Chicago Bears from 1983-95, served as minister to a small church in Colorado, addressed issues of world hunger as director of special projects for World Relief and became a professional golfer in 2002.

Monday, April 14

General Session “Talk Show”

Weathering the Storm – Don’t Go Out UnpreparedTalk Show Host: Allison Martin, Mayor’s Office, Louisville, KYTalk Show Guests: Diana Clonch, Ohio Department of Transportation, Columbus, OH; Greg Hicks, Metro Louisville Public Works and Assets, Louisville, KY; Jonathon Gano, City of Springfield, MO; Bruce McPhail, City of Winnipeg, MB; Larry Schneider, City of Ft. Collins, CO

This year’s “talk show” features panelists who have seen their share of extreme winter weather storms as well as crossed paths with the media during or after the storms. Attend this interactive session to find out about cutting-edge communication with citizens and media during winter weather. Find out what actions were taken in these major storm events and the lessons learned. Hear strategies and realistic expectations of snow removal. Come armed with questions for the panelists.

Tuesday, April 15

Closing General Session

How to Succeed, Stay Sane, and Have Fun at Work: A Survival Guide for the Road WearySpeaker: David Rabiner

Too much work? Testy constituents? Office politics? Nasty commute? In his most popular program, the closing speaker, David Rabiner, shows how small shifts in attitude can make big differences in our success, emotional well-being, and the amount of fun we have at work.

Men and women in the public sector, whether department heads or front-line supervisors, have all raved that this program is not only great fun, it gives them tools they can use immediately to get along better with just about everyone.

David Rabiner is a speaker and trainer based in Portland, Oregon. Since 1993, he has worked with more than 1,600 groups in 44 states and 12 countries. His client list includes more than 300 city, county, and other government agencies and the associations that represent them. As a former city and county employee in Oregon, he knows firsthand the challenges of navigating public politics, maintaining goodwill with demanding citizens, and leading and managing public sector employees.

Exhibit Dates & HoursSunday, April 13 5:00 – 7:00 p.m.

Monday, April 149:00 a.m. – 3:30 p.m.

Tuesday, April 158:30 a.m. – 12:30 p.m.

Gen

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www.apwa.net/snow

April 13

2:30 − 3:30 p.m.

Education Sessions

Cold, Hard Facts: Count the Costs of Deicing Materials

RWIS Development in Kentucky

ODOT District 4 MPT – The Ultimate Snow & Ice Fighting Machine

3:45 – 5:00 p.m.

Opening General SessionCatching a Second Wind

5:00 – 7:00 p.m.

Exhibit Opening & Welcome Reception

April 14

Exhibit Hours:9:00 a.m. – 3:30 p.m.

7:30 – 9:00 a.m.

General Session “Talk Show”Weathering the Storm – Don’t Go Out Unprepared

9:00 – 10:00 a.m.

Coffee Break on theExhibit Floor

10:00 – 11:00 a.m.

Education Sessions

10:00 – 11:15 a.m.

Education Sessions

11:15 a.m. – 2:00 p.m.

Non-compete Exhibit Time

11:30 a.m. – 12:30 p.m.

Lunch on the Exhibit Floor

12:30 – 1:30 p.m.

Roundtable Discussions

2:00 – 3:00 p.m.

Education Sessions

3:00 – 3:30 p.m.

Refreshment Break on the Exhibit Floor

3:30 – 4:30 p.m.

Education Sessions

April 15

Tuesday Exhibit Hours:8:30 a.m. – 12:30 p.m.

7:30 – 8:30 a.m.

Donuts & DialogueStart your day with a selection of great education sessions accompanied by donuts and coffee.

8:30 – 9:30 a.m.

Coffee Break on theExhibit Floor

9:30 – 10:30 a.m.

Education Sessions

10:30 a.m. – 12:30 p.m.

Non-compete Exhibit Time

11:00 a.m. – 12:00 noon

Lunch on the Exhibit Floor

12:30 – 1:30 p.m.

Education Sessions

1:45 – 2:45 p.m.

Education Sessions

3:00 – 4:15 p.m.

Closing General Session

How to Succeed, Stay Sane, and Have Fun at Work: A Survival Guide for the Road Weary

5:30 p.m.

Buses depart for Kentucky Derby Night at Churchill Downs

April 16

8:00 – 11:00 a.m.

Technical Tours

Tour 1Airport Snow Removal Equipment

Tour 2Louisville Underground

Snow

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Full Registration includes entrance into the exhibit hall, all education sessions and roundtables, Sunday reception on the exhibit floor, Monday and Tuesday lunch on the exhibit floor, refreshment breaks, the Tuesday evening Kentucky Derby Night event at Churchill Downs, and the Wednesday morning technical tour program.

One-Day Registrations are available for Sunday, Monday or Tuesday. Sunday includes the reception on the exhibit floor. Monday and Tuesday include lunch. Tuesday does not include the Kentucky Derby Night event, but you may purchase a ticket with your registration.You must have a full registration to participate in the Wednesday technical tour program.

Exhibit floor passes are available for Monday and Tuesday only and do not include lunch.

Guest/Spouse Registrations are available at a special rate, and include entrance into the exhibit hall and education sessions, plus the Tuesday evening Kentucky Derby Night event.

See the registration form for individual categories and rates. If your city has an APWA agency membership, please note that individuals must be listed on your agency roster to receive the member registration rates.

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Conference Locationand Hotels

Exhibits, education sessions, and onsite registration will be located at the Kentucky International Convention Center.

Special APWA room rates are available at the official Snow Conference hotels – the Marriott Louisville Downtown and the Galt House Hotel & Suites, both located within walking distance of the convention center and connected by pedway. APWA will not be providing shuttle service.

Make your hotel reservations early! Special APWA room rates are offered on a space available basis until March 14, 2008. Rates do not include tax, currently 15%.

Marriott Louisville Downtown(across the street from convention center, connected by pedway) 280 West Jefferson StreetLouisville, KY 40202APWA Room Rate: $139 Cutoff Date: March 14, 2008 Toll Free: 800-533-0127 Hotel Direct: 502-627-5045 Online: www.marriott.com/SDFLMGroup Code: apwapwa

Galt House Hotel & Suites(four blocks from convention center, connected by pedway) 140 North 4th AvenueLouisville, KY 40202APWA Room Rate: $122 standard room or $132 executive suite Cutoff Date: March 14, 2008 Toll Free: 800-843-4258 Hotel Direct: 502-589-5200 Online: www.galthouse.comGroup Number: 215794

Note: There are a limited number of rooms available in the APWA group block for the night of Saturday, April 12 due to the Thunder Over Louisville event. Once the block sells out, your rate may be much higher for Saturday night.

If you will be arriving in Louisville on Saturday, plan to arrive in the morning or as early in the afternoon as possible. Traffic will be heavy all day, with street closings near the riverfront beginning early afternoon and highway closings before the fireworks begin.

Register before March 15 and save $50 on a full registration!

Online registration is available at www.apwa.net/snow.


airport is home to the all-points hub for United Parcel Ser-vice (UPS), requiring staff at the airport authority to keep the airfield open 24/7 for use by UPS. During this tour you will see deicing equipment with 75-foot booms used to deice the 150-foot-wide runways and 75-foot taxiways. Addition-ally, you will come face to face with 22-foot-wide high-speed snow brooms and plows. The plows are used for moving large loads of snow from the airfield, while the brooms re-move finer snow particles. Staff will be on hand to describe how they keep the airport operational despite the most se-vere snow and ice events that Mother Nature can dish out.

Tour 2: Louisville UndergroundConverted from an active limestone mine in the early 1970s, the Louisville Underground has developed into a multifaceted facility that not only holds reserve salt storage for Louisville Metro Government and the State Highway De-partment, but also stores original films from major motion pictures and much more. This facility uses innovative struc-tural fill made of recycled materials to serve as foundations for the four million square feet of underground storage. Learn about the interesting history of the cavern system, including details of a huge civil defense shelter used during the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, as well as the innovative thinking behind some upcoming enhancements.

Social ActivitiesThere’s plenty of exciting social activities, too. The Kentucky Chapter will welcome you to Louisville and the Snow Con-ference with an opening reception on the exhibit floor on Sunday afternoon. On Tuesday evening a special event is offered—Kentucky Derby Night at Churchill Downs. While there won’t be any horses racing on the track that evening, you’ll still have some fun with mock video racing.

If golf is on your mind, be sure to take part in the Kentucky Chapter Golf Scramble on April 16 at Seneca Golf Course, rated the sixth-toughest course in Kentucky and voted “Best of Louisville” for several years running. Lunch will be at noon with a 1:00 p.m. shotgun start. For more information or to register, contact Brian Bobo at [email protected] or (502) 584-4118.

Finally, if you happen to come to Louisville on Saturday, April 12 (a day before the conference begins), be sure to take in Thunder Over Louisville, the largest annual fireworks and pyrotechnics display in North America—a full half-hour of continuous fireworks lighting up the sky and set to music.

Group DiscountsSend 10 or more people from your agency and receive a flat one-day registration rate of $150 per person. Registrants must be employed by the same agency, but are not required to attend on the same day or to be members of APWA. This special rate is not applicable to multiple days for any one person. One-day registrations are available for Sunday, Mon-day or Tuesday. Sunday includes the reception on the exhib-it floor. Monday and Tuesday include lunch. Tuesday does not include the Kentucky Derby Night event, but you can purchase tickets onsite for an additional cost. Preregistration is required. Contact Brenda Shaver at [email protected] or (816) 595-5240 if you would like to register a group.

See pages 11-14 for more details on the conference or visit the Snow Conference website at www.apwa.net/snow.

One of the snowplows at the Louisville Regional Airport Authority’s maintenance facility

Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky (courtesy of the Louisville Convention & Visitors Bureau)

Fourth Street Live! (courtesy of the Louisville Convention & Visitors Bureau)


s reported in the November 2007 APWA Reporter, the First-Timers Meeting was an unprecedented success at this year’s APWA Congress in San Anto-nio. This year’s meeting broke the attendance re-

cord with over 340 new Congressgoers. The eleventh annual meeting was once again coordinated by the Diversity Com-mittee and provided a valuable crash course to new Con-gressgoers on the who, what, when, where and why of the APWA Congress activities. This month, first-time Congress attendees Rosemary Baltcha, a new member of the Diversity Committee, and Rebecca Bilderback, a new member of the Women in Public Works Subcommittee, describe their First-Timers Meeting experiences.

Rosemary’s experienceBeing first is often a very exciting experience. Of course this depends on the event, but in most cases it is memorable. I experienced a number of firsts when I attended the APWA International Public Works Congress & Exposition in Sep-tember, beginning with the First-Timers Meeting breakfast which I experienced from several different perspectives and ending with the Congress Reception and Banquet. I had an opportunity to personally interact with Kaye Sullivan, al-though I had met her previously at a Chapter Leaders train-ing event. As a member of the national Diversity Committee I would actually be working with her on a regular basis. Kaye is part wizard, part psychic and part princess. Due to my previous, minimal contact with her, I was not a bit surprised by her mystical and magical powers. As a new member of the Diversity Committee, Kaye immediately sensed my con-fusion and helped me to get settled by charging me with my very first task—to pass out diversity stickers to first-time Congress attendees and others who were attending the First-Timers Meeting.

This was a rewarding experience because I got to briefly talk to many newcomers and because it also presented some oth-er special first encounters for me. I met for the first time—although, again, we had phone conversations and a number of e-mail encounters—Augie Chang, outgoing chair of the Diversity Committee. I had been my chapter’s diversity li-aison the prior year so we had occasion to speak. He gra-ciously invited me to sit at the Diversity Committee table.

After putting my things down, I was off to perform my as-signed task.

I also met Jennifer Adams, the incoming chair of the Diver-sity Committee, who was very energetic and gracious and was passing out stickers right next to me. The highlight of my very pleasant task was a personal encounter with Larry Frevert, P.E., incoming APWA President. Mr. Frevert walked up as Jennifer and I passed out stickers. He knew Jennifer and introduced himself to me, not particularly taunting his presidential status (in fact I didn’t even know), but more so, he welcomed me and thanked me for performing my particular task. To think the president of a national, world-renowned organization like APWA would take the time to personally talk to me was yet another first.

Inside the breakfast itself everyone was abuzz. Augie Chang welcomed everyone to this First-Timers event and indicated the purpose of the meeting was to promote a feeling of in-clusiveness for everyone attending the Congress, to assist them in getting the greatest value from their experience, and to provide them with helpful tips on navigating through the shear vastness of the Congress itself. It was already work-ing for me and I felt somewhat enchanted by my whirlwind morning. Augie thanked Rinker Materials/Hydro Conduit for providing a delicious full breakfast for all of those in at-tendance at the meeting.

Being First: Two First-Timers Meeting experiencesRosemary Baltcha, Personnel Manager, Fresno County Department of Public Works, Fresno, California, and member, APWA Diversity Committee; Rebecca Bilderback, P.E., Civil Engineer III, City of Olathe, Kansas, and member, Women in Public Works Subcommittee

The First-Timers Meeting is a great occasion for new Congress attendees to get to know one another.


Augie then introduced the members of the current Diversity Committee; Diane Linderman, our liaison to the Board of Directors; President Frevert; and last but certainly not least, APWA’s Deputy Executive Director and staff liaison to the national Diversity Committee, the answer lady, Ms. Kaye Sullivan. I have found that if you ask Kaye she will answer, figure out how, find the way, have a wonderful idea, or work some other magic. Anyway it goes and however you look at it, she will get it done or help you get it done. I was fortunate enough to sit by her at the breakfast and have the opportu-nity to watch her in action (also a first); she was amazing in her ability to coordinate and make everything come to-gether almost seamlessly.

As I sat there watching all the excitement in the room I no-ticed these really cool APWA magnifying implements on the table. I thought they were “freebies” so I immediately slipped one into my nice, new APWA bag. I heard Kaye as she moved around the room, making things work, express concern that one of her five door prizes was missing. I im-mediately fessed up, feeling pretty silly and a little guilty. This is where the princess comes in—she was regal in her ability to take back her door prize and not make me feel any worse. We even got a good laugh out of an embarrassing situation (not my first).

At the Diversity Committee meeting later that afternoon I was reluctant as I was attending my first committee meeting and didn’t know what to expect. I met the other committee members and we talked about how we would move forward, add value, and be productive as a committee. Fortunately, unlike me, there were a number of experienced and com-petent members to lead this effort. President Frevert joined us and candidly and sincerely laid out his goals for the up-coming year. His candor and sincerity, along with his very “down to earth” attitude, made me even more eager for the committee to have a positive and noticeable impact. I really want this committee to do something to make Mr. Frevert proud that he selected us as part of his team.

As I attended a number of Diversity Committee-sponsored events and many others that were not, I was amazed at the quality, dynamics, and practical information obtained at ev-ery session. The General Sessions brought me to tears, both happy and sad, either because the message was so power-fully poignant or incredibly funny, but either way it was an extremely relevant message. The Diversity Brunch and the Progressive Women in Public Works Breakfast were especially rewarding. I attended my first California Chapter’s dinner; several presidential (past, present and future) receptions; the Get Acquainted Party; and the grand finale, the Reception and Banquet—all firsts, all special. I met and talked to others from different states, different countries, and with different backgrounds, all friendly, helpful, but more importantly for me, all with a strong sense of public works and its importance to our everyday lives. They exemplify public works pride.

I have worked in the public works arena for more than 30 years. I’ve hired engineers, fired engineers, coached and counseled engineers, but I’ve never been an engineer. I know what they are like as individuals and what it takes to work with them. I know their commitment to improving the infrastructure for all of us and giving us a better world to live in. But, it still made me a little apprehensive, at first, to be in an arena where they were the predominant force and to not be one of them. I was actually the “evil” HR adversary they so often shun.

This was also the case in my chapter, where I am the current vice-president. The only female officer, the only person of color, and almost the only non-engineer, I fit right in. This in and of itself involved a myriad of firsts and plenty for me to deal with, but to top this off I somehow found my-self thrust into the national arena. I was on both a national committee and a national subcommittee which provided many more firsts and more than I’d ever bargained for.

Well, I’m here to tell you that all of these firsts have not only fostered my growth, increased my abilities, and defined my strengths but they have been rewarding from an emotional standpoint and have catapulted me into new heights that I never expected I would reach. I have been entrusted as a steward of my chapter, a representative for them at the na-tional level, and have now been asked to provide input on issues that will have an impact nationally. A huge first.

In closing, I must confess that I attended the Congress in Atlanta for one day, as a speaker, and then I left; sprinted would be a better description. I attended the Congress in San Antonio as a full registrant, as a national committee member, as a representative of my chapter, and as a first-

At the Diversity Brunch on Congress Tuesday, left to right: Jelynne LeBlanc Burley, Deputy City Manager, City of San Antonio, Texas, and featured speaker at the meeting; Deirdre Castillo, P.E., Senior Engineer, City of Pocatello, Idaho; Larry Frevert, P.E., APWA President; Rebecca Bilderback, P.E., Civil Engineer III, City of Olathe, Kansas; and Augie Chang, Senior Project Manager, Psomas, San Diego, California, and former chair of the Diversity Committee


time Congress attendee—all firsts, all fulfilling, all reward-ing! I thank you APWA for the wake-up call! And, I was very sad to see the Congress end. Can’t wait for next year—see you in New Orleans.

Rebecca's experienceAs a first-time APWA Congress attendee, I did not know what to expect at the Congress activities and the First-Tim-ers Meeting was no exception. Going into the meeting, I expected to eat a continental breakfast, hear a ten-minute summary of the Congress and get to know the people seated at my table. Fortunately for me and the other first-timers, the First-Timers Meeting delivered much, much more.

The meeting began with an excellent buffet breakfast located in the hallway outside of the meeting room. The potatoes and scrambled eggs, both done up in southern style and spice, were my favorites. The strawberries and biscuits were irresist-ible too. Thank you Rinker Materials for the hospitality!

Walking into the room, I was greeted by Diversity Com-mittee members and given a diversity sticker. Once inside the already packed room, I was able to navigate to a nearly full table at the perimeter of the room. During breakfast, the room was abuzz with chatter as the first-timers became

acquainted with the people around them. At my own table, I got to know a wide group of people including a project engineer from a consulting firm in Arizona, a commissioner from New York and the president of a company in Nevada.

After the initial introductions, members of the Diversity Committee and the APWA Board of Directors provided an in-depth description of the Congress activities to get us up-to-speed. We were informed that the daily General Sessions were open to all attendees and we were encouraged to at-tend them to hear each day’s unique motivational speaker. The daily educational sessions were described as an opportu-nity for us to learn more about the topics of our choice. The Thought Leader Sessions and Wednesday Technical Tours were also discussed.

After the Congress activity presentations, we were directed to open the informational bag that we received at check-in. The speaker then walked us through each handout in the bag and explained them to us. As a first-time attendee at a large conference, I appreciated the assistance in understand-ing the treasure trove of information provided at check-in. The most useful to me was the introduction to the conve-nient At-a-Glance Congress session guide that provided the time and room location for all of the Congress activities.

The final activity of the morning was the networking exer-cise that got everyone moving around the room and ensured that we would get acquainted with more than just the peo-ple sitting near us. The networking exercise provided each first-timer a questionnaire to fill out. Each question pro-vided a description and the objective was to move around the room and find a person who fit the description and get them to sign the questionnaire. The questionnaire included such fun questions as “Find someone who is the same age as you.” The questionnaire provided a good way to get to know many different people and to learn interesting tidbits about them.

As a first-time Congress attendee, I feel that the First-Timers Meeting was a valuable experience. Not only did I get a great breakfast and a chance to meet new people, I learned about the educational, motivational and networking opportunities that the Congress provided and as a result was better able to take full advantage of the conference. I highly recommend that first-time attendees to the 2008 APWA Congress attend this meeting for a great start to their Congress experience. To echo Augie Chang’s optimism in his Diversity Events up-date in the November 2007 APWA Reporter, we should look forward to an even greater First-Timers Meeting in New Or-leans next year.

Rosemary Baltcha can be reached at (559) 262-4371 or [email protected]; Rebecca Bilderback can be reached at (913) 971-9116 or [email protected].

Order CustOm Bulk editOrial reprints

Now that you have been featured in the APWA Reporter, why not leverage this opportunity to promote your product or service with custom reprints?

Custom reprints are available in quantities of 100 or more and are printed on high-quality, gloss-coated paper stock in black & white or full color. Custom reprints make great handouts at trade shows, inserts for media kits and direct mail pieces. Custom PDF’s are also available for posting on your website.

Call our reprint department at (800) 259-0470 for complete details.


2008

January

10 Trenchless Technology

16-17 Advanced Construction Inspection Workshop – San Rafael, CA

17The BEST from the San Antonio Congress”Aging Infrastructure” Litigation: How to Prevent It, How to Defeat It!

31 TARGET Emergency Preparedness #2: DURING the Disaster – Resource Management

February

7 The Black and White of Pavement #3: Construction of Quality Flexible and Rigid Pavements

7-8 PSMJ’s Public Works Project Management Bootcamp – Phoenix, AZ

20-22 Public Fleet Management Workshop – San Jose, CA

21 Water—A Precious Resource in Diminished Supply

28-29 PSMJ’s Public Works Project Management Bootcamp – Orlando, FL

March

6 Mastering the Media—Telling the Public Works Story Your Way!

10-12 Construction Inspection: A Review Workshop – Atlanta, GA

20 TARGET Emergency Preparedness #3: AFTER the Disaster – Reimbursement

April

3-4 PSMJ’s Public Works Project Management Bootcamp – Seattle, WA

9-10 Symposium on Climate Change – Tempe, AZ

10-11 PSMJ’s Public Works Project Management Bootcamp – Las Vegas, NV

13-16 North American Snow Conference – Louisville, KY

17 Innovative Funding—Getting to the End of the Rainbow

or more information about these programs or to register online, visit www.apwa.net/Education. Program information will be updated as it becomes available. Questions? Call the Education Department at 1-800-848-APWA.

= Click, Listen, & Learn program = Web-Based training = Live Workshop

By attending this workshop, participants will be better able to:

Negotiate and manage complex •construction projects

Supervise, plan and participate in special •inspections and master the baseline

Impact project time and accelerate •scheduling techniques

Identify different types of contracts and •the advantages of each

List pre- and post-project responsibilities•

Organize documentation to minimize •litigation risks

Apply trenchless technology•

Identify the impact and technology of •concrete and asphalt

Employ hand-held devices•

Advanced Construction InspectionJanuary 16-17 • San Rafael, CAThis workshop focuses on specialty skills to provide the experienced construction inspector with the professional edge needed to handle bigger and more complex projects.

Speaker: Mario Maciel, Vice President CM, Manager Northern Region, Harris & Associates, Concord, CA


ontrary to what some may think, it’s never been a better time to be a woman in public works. At least that’s the opinion of Brenda Herrman, a panelist during the Progressive Women in Public Works ses-

sion at the 2007 Congress.

Herrman’s co-panelists agreed with that assessment as they discussed their careers and keys to success with nearly 100 women and men attending the workshop. Currently Direc-tor of Public Works in Hays, Kansas, Herrman shared the dais with Patricia Biegler, Director of Public Works, Chesa-peake, VA; Elia Twigg, Division Manager, Palm Bay, FL; and Rachel Lazarus, retired Manager, Water and Sewer Author-ity, Washington, D.C. All of the women traveled uncon-ventional paths to reach fulfilling positions in the public works field.

“It’s important to have an education and a mentor,” said Herrman who began her career as an administrative assis-tant, then started college at age 42 at the suggestion of her mentor. While working full-time and attending school at night, Herrman saw an ad for Assistant Public Works Direc-tor in Hays.

“My mentor encouraged me to apply. He told me, ‘You know more than you think you know. You know how things should be done.’ And he was right because I applied and was offered the job in 1996,” recalled Herrman. After earning a bachelor’s degree in 1997, her mentor recom-mended graduate school, which she finished in 2000. Two years later, she took a lateral assignment as Community Development Director, and shortly thereafter, she was ap-pointed to her present position.

“I recommend to everyone to believe in yourself and let others help you. Get an education or whatever you need to reach your goal and don’t be afraid. My philosophy is you can’t get what you’ve never had unless you do what you’ve never done,” said Herrman.

Twigg offered similar advice by urging the audience, “Cre-ate opportunities for yourself. Make things happen.” To illustrate her point, Twigg recalled how she joined the stu-dent chapter of the American Society of Civil Engineers

(ASCE) while at the University of Florida and the chapter was assigned to build a concrete canoe to compete in a regional competition.

“I was asked to be team leader for this activity and since I like a good challenge, I accepted,” said Twigg. She ap-proached the task in earnest, recruiting a team from scratch, determining needed resources, and picking the brains of members who competed in the past. “I set a goal to make it to the national competition because I knew if I could get the team to believe, maybe we’d get there,” Twigg said. And they did make it to the national competition that year, only the second team in UF history. In addition, she learned project management and technical reporting from the experience, plus trained another person to be team leader to take her place in the future.

After graduation, Twigg worked three years in engineering at a small company before deciding she was ready to move up in her career. “I applied for a management position with the City of Palm Bay and I got it. Now, I supervise 75 people and I’m learning even more. But nothing fell in my lap—I made it happen by being prepared and ready,” said Twigg.

Echoing that viewpoint, Lazarus said, “Prepare yourself for new opportunities. Don’t set limits on your possibilities.”

Public Works DIVAs: Dynamic, Intelligent, Victorious, AccomplishedFour women tell how they “made it” in the public works professionCora Jackson FossettDirector, Public Affairs OfficeDepartment of Public WorksCity of Los Angeles, California

The Professional Women in Public Works session was presented by APWA’s Diversity Committee. Participants included (from left) Cora Jackson Fossett, co-moderator; panelists Rachel Lazarus, Brenda Hermann, Elia Twigg, and Patricia Biegler; and Sue Hann, co-moderator. (Photo by Jim Proce)


She began her career in 1967 when women were especially rare in public works. She said, “At first I wanted to be a statistician. But after receiving my bachelor’s in civil en-gineering and a master’s degree, I held several positions in the public and private sectors.” At the height of her career, Lazarus oversaw a $100 million budget and 270 workers.

Lazarus credits APWA with contributing to her advance in the workplace. “I learned so much from attending Con-gress over the years and I see many more women taking advantage of this conference. I urge you to stay connected to APWA and support your local chapter,” she said.

Her guidelines for career success include the following principles: (1) Remember your mother—treat superiors and colleagues honestly; (2) Remember your family—treat ev-eryone with respect; and (3) Remember to maintain your integrity.

Biegler also gives kudos to APWA. She said, “I’m very grate-ful to this organization for the chance to learn, share and network.”

Biegler took an unusual route to her current position. She entered a convent as a teenager, then left after two years. Entering Indiana University, she became active in theater and says, “I went from the convent to playing a streetwalk-er in operas on tour.”

Biegler changed her major several times, then took a break to become a surveyor at an engineering firm. After being laid off, Biegler realized she liked the field, so she returned to school to earn an engineering degree. “I held many jobs including coal miner and first female construction inspec-tor in the south for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. All along the way, people reached out to me and helped me,” said Biegler.

As a result of her varied career, she learned, “You can either let life run over you or control your life. Anticipate where you want to go and always know, change is inevitable.”

Cora Jackson Fossett chaired the Diversity Committee for two years and is also a former member of the Membership Committee. She can be reached at (213) 978-0319 or at [email protected].

Diversity Awareness Corner

“An individual has not started living until he can rise above the narrow confines of his individualistic concerns to the broader concerns of all humanity.”

− Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

The topics for the APWA Reporter’s 12 issues in 2008 are presented below.

January: Emergency Management

February: Water Resources

March: Solid Waste Management

April: Facilities and Grounds; Annual Buyer’s Guide

May: Top Ten Public Works Leaders of the Year

June: Engineering and Technology

July: Transportation; Public Works Projects of the Year

August: Congress Show Issue; Utilities and Public Right-of-Way

September: Fleet Services

October: Congress Highlights

November: Winter Maintenance

December: Leadership and Management

2008 Editorial Calendar

Columns & Features:President’s Message

Washington Insight

Technical Committee News

International Idea Exchange

Recipes for Success

Book Review

Ask Ann

Education Calendar

APWA WorkZone

World of Public Works Calendar


ublic works agencies, like other industries, have an ever-present need for high-quality training and tech-nical assistance for employees. This is especially true for smaller and rural community agencies that are al-

ready facing tightening budgets and limited staff. In Kansas, the Road Scholar Program is a great example of a collabora-tive effort to address these challenges and establish a well-trained network of public works professionals.

A play on the Rhodes Scholarship for study at Oxford Uni-versity, the Kansas Road Scholar Program was originally developed by the Kansas County Highway Association and the Kansas Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) in cooperation with the Kansas Association of Counties and the Kansas Department of Transportation. The program pro-vides training relative to what all counties in Kansas are re-sponsible for maintaining: roads and bridges. The program recently expanded to include APWA involvement and in the near future will also include state employees.

Open to all Kansas public works employees, the Road Schol-ar Program provides training to increase knowledge of road maintenance procedures and improve technical, supervisory and managerial skills. By enhancing skills and knowledge of operators and current or aspiring managers, the Road Schol-ar Program is working to promote a skilled workforce for Kansas public works agencies.

Many smaller communities face the challenge of affordabil-ity of classes and finding time to send people to the training. The Road Scholar Program addresses these issues by keeping enrollment fees affordable; by making the same classes avail-able on a cycle in various locations around the state with a one-day agenda that allows the majority of participants to travel to the training without an overnight stay, keeping travel costs at a minimum; and by offering the majority of classes during winter, the off-peak time of work in Kansas.

Training is provided by the Kansas LTAP, the Kansas Associa-tion of Counties, members of APWA, and the Kansas Depart-ment of Transportation. There is a one-time administrative fee of $35.00 for each level of the program to assist Kansas LTAP to monitor the progress of program participants. In-dividual class registration fees can range from free to $100. Classes are offered on an ongoing basis all across the state on a two-year rotation to allow those in remote locations the

same opportunities as someone in a more populated part of the state at the same cost.

The Program offers three levels of training:

Level I – Technical Skills• strives to enhance the knowledge of general public works maintenance and construction methods, safety practices and local govern-ment organization. Courses include: Culverts, Drainage and Levee Maintenance, Risk and Liability Issues, Work Zone and Traffic Control Safety, Snow and Ice Control, Road Maintenance, and Government 101 for both cities and counties.

Level II – Supervisory Skills• strives to develop su-pervisory skills for persons engaged in public works maintenance and construction activities. Courses in-clude Fundamentals of Supervision, Legal Aspects of Su-pervision, Coaching and Positive Discipline, Enhancing Cooperative Work Relationships, and Problem Solving for Effective Supervision.

Level III – Executive Development• strives to en-hance management and administrative skills for those who are appointed or aspire to be appointed as county highway administrator, county or city engineer, or pub-lic works director. Courses include: Fundamentals of Leadership, Basics in Budgeting, Finance and Reporting, Project Planning and Management, Local/State Project Coordination, and Overview of Engineering Functions in Public Works.

SCRC spotlight on the Kansas Road Scholar ProgramDavid BarrDirector, National Rural Transit Assistance ProgramAPWA Washington, D.C. Office

2007 Kansas Road Scholar Program graduates


And the program works. Since 2001 approximately 250 indi-viduals from 45 counties have participated in the program. Currently there are 159 students enrolled in Level I of the program, 81 students enrolled in Level II and 19 students enrolled in Level III. There have been 145 graduates of Level I and 25 graduates of Level II. Since Level III is the newest level, it is anticipated the first graduates will be recognized in the spring of 2008.

It’s important to note that anyone can participate in the training without en-rolling in the Road Scholar certificate program; however, the Road Scholar Program certificate provides recogni-tion that an employee has completed a set of courses identified as core compe-tencies for technical, supervisory and executive development skills. Some lo-cal agencies in Kansas are basing raises and/or promotions on completion of the program.

“The number one challenge many public works agencies face every year is finding willing, able, and educated employees,” says program partici-pant and member of the Kansas Road Scholar Program Advisory Committee, Jeff Hancock, Director of Public Works for the City of Manhattan. “The Road Scholar Program addresses these issues by creating opportunity for investment by employees to become educated in a variety of public works issues. This ed-ucation and the commitment it takes to obtain it, creates a sense of invest-ment which in turn results in retaining well-trained employees that are willing and able to use their skills in real-world applications.”

The Kansas Road Scholar Program is continuing to move forward. The overriding goal of the program is to create a statewide network of trained employees with skill sets not common to many applications other than issues that public works agencies deal with on a day-to-day basis. If the goal of the program is obtained, Kansas will have some of the most well-trained public works employees in the country; all with common training that can cross from county to city to state and pos-sibly beyond.

To find out more about the Kansas Road Scholar Program, visit the Kansas LTAP at http://www.ksroadscholar.org. Of the 58 LTAP and TTAP (Tribal Technical Assistance Program) Centers around the country, approximately 25-30 centers have some form of Road Scholar Program. Contact your local center to find out more. For contact information in your state, visit http://www.ltapt2.org/centers/.

Awards Program 2008

APWA’s Awards Program recognizes individuals, groups and

chapters for their outstanding contributions to the profession of

public works. Some of the awards presented include Distinguished

Service, Young Leader, Public Works Project of the Year, and Top

Ten Public Works Leader of the Year, to name just a few.

Each award is listed on the APWA website. Criteria and

nomination forms for the 2008 Awards Program

are now available online.

Nominations are due March 3, 2008! Visit www.apwa.net/awards08.

Nominate Your Award-Winners Today!


Emergency Planning (1st Ed.)552 pp • 2006 • John Wiley & Sons, Inc. • Ronald W. Perry, Ph.D. and Michael K. Lindell, Ph.D.

Where you want to go, Emergency Plan-ning will help you get there. Easy to read, practical, and up-to-date, this publica-tion not only helps you learn fundamen-

tal emergency planning concepts; it also helps you master the core competencies and skills you need to succeed.

Emergency planning is treated as a critical avenue to com-munity emergency preparedness. Therefore, emergency planning is presented in its many contexts: the practice of emergency management, the community for which the planning is done—including the political, private business and nonprofit sectors—and the network of intergovernmen-tal relationships in which planning must operate.

An important emphasis in the volume is the characteriza-tion of emergency planning as a process. This process view forms the framework from which specific strategies and techniques are drawn. We educate the planner in known patterns of human disaster behavior to create a vision of ac-tion on the ground where plan implementation takes place. Similarly, time is given to sharing emergency plan informa-tion with the public, including the goals for sharing and the social psychology of the communication process. Building from this base, individuals are given a picture of what the planning process must address: preparedness, vulnerability, the notion of resources inside and outside the community, and a view of outcomes for individuals and organizations.

This book addresses a range of strategies and skills that planners require to achieve a successful planning process. Individuals are taught the basics of generic protective ac-tions (for example in-place protection, expedient respiratory protection and evacuation) and the planning concepts sup-porting effective protective action recommendations. The accepted formats are given for the two principal types of written plans—emergency operations plans and continuity for operations plans. Then in short format, the authors pres-ent the milestones that a planner must address for dealing

with disaster in future time and those that one should con-sider when planning for implementation of the emergency plan at the time of disaster impact.

This publication begins with an introductory chapter en-titled “Introduction to Emergency Planning.” This chapter provides an introduction and overview of how emergency planning fits within the field of emergency management.

Chapter 2, “The Emergency Planning Process: Mandates, Structure, and Guidelines,” outlines the components of an emergency plan, principles that guide the planning process and resources that can be used in the planning process.

Chapter 3, “Patterned Human Behavior in Disaster: What a Planner Must Know,” examines the impact of disasters on people’s health, as well as people’s likely psychological reac-tions to disaster. This chapter also discusses disaster myths and how to assess patterns of pro-social or positive behavior that can support emergency plans.

Chapter 4, “Fostering Successful Emergency Planning: A Planner’s Guide to Making It Work,” examines how to as-semble an emergency planning team, how to motivate the team members, and how to train the team.

Chapter 5, “Classes of Protective Action Recommendations: Emergency Planning Conditions and Considerations,” dis-cusses different recommendations the emergency planner can make for people to take to protect themselves from the impact of different types of disasters.

Chapter 6, “Analyzing and Selecting Protective Actions: How to Make Effective Choices,” continues the discussion on protective actions and how to estimate hazard exposure.

Chapter 7 is “The Content and Format of Emergency Plans: Framing a Picture of the Planning Process.” This chapter provides an outline of what information to include in an information plan and discusses how to write a plan includ-ing what appendices should be included.

Chapter 8, “Continuity of Operations Plans: Keeping the Organization Alive,” examines continuity plans for both government and businesses. This chapter provides informa-tion about how a community can continue to operate after a disaster.

APWA Book Review


Chapter 9, “Milestones That Structure Emergency Planning: Organizing Tasks for Emergency Planners,” exams the connec-tion between relationship planning and mitigation planning.

Chapter 10, “Population Warning: Behavioral Foundations and Practical Applications,” discusses how to detect disasters and warn the population of the disaster. Risk communica-tion and different protective action recommendations are discussed as well.

Chapter 11, “Planning for Hazard Ad-justment: Protection Adoption, Hazard Awareness, and Risk Communication,” examines different hazard adjustments and how to communicate to the pub-lic what adjustments that they need to make. The strengths and limitations of different communication channels are discussed as well.

Chapter 12, “Structures for Managing Emergency Response: Executing Emer-gency Plan Provisions,” examines struc-tures such as the emergency operations center (EOC) and the incident man-agement system (IMS) that are used in managing emergency response.

Chapter 13, “Selected Federal Emergen-cy Planning Mandates: Balancing Local Needs with Federal Requirements,” dis-cusses the federal laws and requirements that govern emergency management.

Chapter 14, “Emergency Planning, Pro-fessionalism, and the Future: Profession-al Identity, Credentials, and Prospects,” discusses the profession of emergency planning and how emergency manage-ment is evolving into a profession.

The authors acknowledge that this plan is a snapshot of the planning process at one point in time and dis-cuss the ways that plans are translated into action. They also discuss the local emergency operations center, not just to describe its functions and structure, but also to explain how one plans to build an emergency operations center. This publication closes with a discus-sion of credentialing for emergency planners and admonitions regarding preservation of the planning process.

To obtain your copy, please call the APWA Bookstore at (800) 848-APWA, ext. 5253. Or, for more information on purchasing this publication and other American Public Works Association books, please visit the APWA Bookstore online at http://www.apwa.net/bookstore.

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Listed in this index are all articles published in the 12 issues of the APWA Reporter during 2007. They are categorized by subject, with subject headings in alphabetical order. All of the articles can be found on the APWA Reporter web page at www.apwa.net/Publications/Reporter.

Annual Buyer’s GuideAnnual Buyer’s Guide, April, p. 76 Categorical listing, April, p. 76 Alphabetical listing, April, p. 88

APWA Accreditation: Tenth AnniversaryAccreditation is a leadership activity, Jan., p. 24Accreditation: It’s the right thing to do, Feb., p. 32Development of agency accreditation at APWA, March, p. 26

Accreditation Success, April, p. 44Accreditation working well for T&ES, May, p. 36Accreditation, lessons learned in Miami Beach, June, p. 28Hillsborough County Public Works Department’s APWA Accreditation Process, July, p. 46

Accreditation: The Overland Park Experience, Aug., p. 20APWA Accreditation for Bowling Green, Kentucky, Sept., p. 56

APWA Accreditation? WIIFM (What’s In It For Me?), Oct., p. 20

APWA Accreditation is a journey of continuous improve-ment, Nov., p. 24

Accreditation is continuous quality improvement, Dec., p. 18

APWA Book ReviewEmergency and Disaster Planning Manual, Jan., p. 15Water Treatment Made Simple for Operators, Feb., p. 26Land Application of Sewage Sludge and Biosolids, March, p. 22

The Facility Manager’s Guide to Finance & Budgeting, April, p. 38

The Effective Public Manager: Achieving Success in a Chang-ing Government (3rd Ed.), May, p. 22

Introduction to Engineering Construction Inspection, June, p. 22

North American Design Guidelines for Traffic Calming Mea-sures, July, p. 36

It’s Your Move: Strategic Planning for Public Works Agen-cies, Nov., p. 16

Public Works Administration, Dec., p. 16

Ask AnnJan., p. 46Feb., p. 58March, p. 46April, p. 108May, p. 38June, p. 46July, p. 88Aug., p. 44Sept., p. 100Nov., p. 42Dec., p. 45

Awards2007 Top Ten Public Works Leaders Named, May, p. 24APWA proudly announces the Public Works Projects of the Year, July, p. 68

Chapter Membership Achievement Award winners announced, Aug., p. 11

Awards 2007, Sept., p. 10

Baker’s Potluck, TheInterviewing for the Right Skills, Jan., p. 21Performance Evaluations: An institutionalized instrument of torture, Feb., p. 28

Focus on Your Strengths, March, p. 23Leading through Change, April, p. 40A Leader’s Legacy, May, p. 33Determining Your Level of Service, June, p. 24Connecting with Your Community, July, p. 38Mentoring for the Future, Aug., p. 18Creative Problem Solving, Sept., p. 52Identifying the Skills Needed for Crew Leaders and First-Time Supervisors, Oct., p. 16

Creative Recruitment, Nov., p. 20

Congress 2007APWA Congress: The best bang for the buck, June, p. 14My views on Congress, July, p. 23San Antonio in pictures, July, p. 24Four options to attend Congress, Sept., p. 22Don’t miss these at Congress!, Sept., p. 22One-day passes available for Congress, Sept., p. 23Fifty reasons to attend Congress, Sept., p. 24APWA Congress: Texas Style!, Nov., p. 28Pictures worth a thousand words, Nov., p. 40

Index to 2007 articles


DiversityA few keys for success for women in public works, Jan., p. 14

Field Employees Education and Development Conference, Feb., p. 24

Tempe’s Tools, April, p. 36Public Works Engineering: Diversity a cure for shortage?, May, p. 16

Leading by example, June, p. 16Diversity: Doing the right thing, July, p. 34How does the farmer grow a new crop every year?, Aug., p. 16

APWA diversity successes, Sept., p. 8Homemaker, Version 2007, Oct., p. 12Diversity events abundant at Congress, Nov., p. 14Women will lead next stage of Kirby Drive construction, Dec., p. 14

Emergency ManagementMutual aid during disasters: EMAC is reaching out to public works, Jan., p. 32

NIMS and ICS: a new alphabet soup, Jan., p. 34Emergency preparedness and response, Jan., p. 36Public Works and Urban Search and Rescue: What is our role?, Jan., p. 38

Floodplain mapping modernization: a case history, Jan., p. 40

City of Santa Fe Springs is ready to SERV!, Jan., p. 42Public Works and the current influenza pandemic threat, Jan., p. 44

Public Works Mutual Aid: Making it work, Sept., p. 30

Engineering and TechnologyIs train noise disrupting your community?, June, p. 31Pavement management is more than software, June, p. 34Pump station sited on private property eliminates sanitary sewer overflow, June, p. 36

Blending new technology with existing architecture, June, p. 38

Design-Build procedures for smaller communities, June, p. 41

Protecting the Florida Keys with advanced wastewater treat-ment, June, p. 44

Communicating with motorists, Sept., p. 94

Facilities and GroundsGreen is the smart choice for Milwaukee, April, p. 50Art as Public Activator, April, p. 52A greater rate of return with CDDs, April, p. 56CMMS: Managing facilities as a business, April, p. 62Thirty years hardly seems temporary, April, p. 64Redesigning a City of Milwaukee vest-pocket park: a play in three acts, April, p. 66

Private industry, professional groups, and government agen-cies work together to assist communities after Hurricane Katrina, April, p. 68

Workplace Safety, April, p. 70Tornado makes direct hit on Iowa City, April, p. 72

Fleet ServicesYour road map to success: writing a business plan, Aug., p. 24

Get a big bang for your fleet buck, Aug., p. 28Winnipeg paves the way in fleet management, Aug., p. 32Scenario planning for fleet managers, Aug., p. 36The Magical Mystery Tour of CDL, Aug., p. 38City of Naperville’s Vehicle Replacement Scoring Model, p. 42

GeneralOur Small Cities/Rural Communities Leader: Jerry Gibbs of Park City, Utah, May, p. 20

SC/RC Forum provides solutions for small cities and rural communities, June, p. 21

New recruiting tool for teens, July, p. 32Twenty tips to combat global warming for public works pro-fessionals, Aug., p. 12

Wildlife Action Plans: A new tool for utilities, Sept., p. 88Another Tool: Municipal Leasing, Sept., p. 92

Inside APWAIndex to 2006 articles, Jan., p. 16Call for nominations to APWA Board issued, Feb., p. 12Lake Zurich: Best Decorative Plow Award, March, p. 20APWA leadership meets with Transportation Secretary Mary Peters, March, p. 25

A decade of financial growth, stability and success, April, p. 8

APWA Board of Directors, April, p. 12Meet the APWA staff, April, p. 13Chapter leaders turn it on, tune it on and turn it up, April, p. 30

A journey to new educational heights for APWA: the Educa-tion Summit 2007, June, p. 12

Many APWA chapters involving students in chapter activi-ties, June, p. 18

Candidates for the 2007-2008 APWA Board of Directors named, July, p. 10

APWA and AGC renew partnership agreement, July, p. 15New England Chapter visits the South, July, p. 20Why reinvent the wheel, when you can have your infoNOW!, July, p. 30

New ideas to STRETCH your training budget!, Aug., p. 15New Board member appointed, Oct., p. 9Thoughts from APWA’s first-ever Thought Leader Session, Nov., p. 11

APWA, SWANA co-locate exhibitions in 2010, Dec., p. 11APWA awards nine professionals with Fleet Professional Cer-tification, Dec., p. 12

International Idea ExchangeKansas City memories, Jan., p. 26APWA delegation attends AMMAC conference, Jan., p. 28AMMAC Trip Report, Jan., p. 29International Public Works Conference, Cairns, Australia, Feb., p. 34


Public Works Delegation to India, March, p. 28¿Se habla Public Works?, April, p. 462007 Jennings Randolph Fellowship recipients named, April, p. 48

Global Challenges, Local Solutions: ICMA International’s Work Overseas, May, p. 30

An international friend of APWA heeds the call for service: Zeferino Sánchez, June, p. 30

IFME: An International Federation, July, p. 43Slovak and Czech Republics Fall 2007 Public Works Confer-ence, July, p. 45

Dreams to Reality, Aug., p. 22An international year in review, Sept., p. 58Call for applicants for 2008 Jennings Randolph Interna-tional Fellowship Program, Sept., p. 60

Public Works in Patagonia, Argentina, Oct., p. 22International perspectives and an educational two-way street, Nov., p. 26

Looking up from Down Under, Dec., p. 20Dynamic succession under the Australian sky, Dec., p. 22

Leadership and ManagementBuilding depth in your leadership team, Sept., p. 36Recipes for Success, Dec., p. 24Swinging on the office grapevine: the Tarzan approach to organizational health, Dec., p. 28

Are you keeping the city in the dark? The public works direc-tor as policy maker, Dec., p. 30

The Bad Boss, Dec., p. 32How to be an employee: Working 101, Dec., p. 34Increasing worker resiliency, Dec., p. 38Do you take your humor seriously?, Dec., p. 42

National Public Works WeekNational Public Works Week Promotion: May 2007, Jan., p. 22

Town of Brookline celebrates National Public Works Week, March, p. 18

What you can do for National Public Works Week, April, p. 32

National Public Works Week: California style!, May, p. 8National Public Works Week celebrated on Capitol Hill, July, p. 14

New APWA staffKathryn Ruth, March, p. 10Clint Helfers, April, p. 45Sonja Yarbrough, June, p. 27Kelly Price, Aug., p. 15Shanel Hicks, Oct., p. 9Derek Thiessen, Nov., p. 25

North American Snow ConferenceThe Show for Snow!, Jan., p. 8A Twin Technical Tour in the Twin Cities, Feb., p. 16Behind-the-scenes Technical Tour: Customized snowfight-ing equipment of Minnesota, March, p. 12

2007 Snow Conference Exhibitors, April, p. 24North American Snow Conference in the “Land of 10,000 Lakes,” June, p. 8

ObituariesGeorge Mim Mack dies at 80, Feb., p. 14

President’s MessageQuestion, think and plan, Jan., p. 2Protecting the future with wise stewardship, Feb., p. 4Snow savvy? We have it covered!, March, p. 4The future of sustainability has arrived. Are you ready?, April, p. 4

The Best of the Best, May, p. 4Engineering and best practices provide practical accessibil-ity, June, p. 4

Keeping it flowing, July, p. 4Taking fleet to the next level, Aug., p. 4Celebrating the “WOW” association, Sept., p. 4We are there to do a job and we do it well, Oct., p. 4We are, we can, we will, Nov., p. 4Public Works is…Leadership in Action, Dec., p. 4

Solid Waste ManagementSolid waste residential collection going automated, 10 years later, March, p. 32

San Juan Capistrano’s recycling success story, March, p. 34Biomass and alternative energy in St. Paul, March, p. 36Comparison of household hazardous waste collection pro-grams, March, p. 38

Are your solid waste assets being efficiently and effectively managed?, March, p. 42

Waste management with a twist, March, p. 44Landfills as an economic resource, Sept., p. 27Clean Roads to Clean Air, Sept., p. 38

Technical Committee News“The sky is falling”…and other life-threatening issues, Jan., p. 6

A steady stream of projects, Feb., p. 14Read any trashy books lately?, March, p. 10Building concerns and growing issues, April, p. 23Engineering and technology, the big umbrella of public works, June, p. 10

Transportation, a moving experience, July, p. 12Fleet Services Committee doing plenty for our members, Aug., p. 10

Right-of-Way: A valuable asset, Sept., p. 6Hat’s off to a great leader!, Oct., p. 10“It’s Good to be King,” Dec., p. 13

TransportationMain Street Bridge: Naperville, Illinois, July, p. 48Searching for the transportation vision thing, July, p. 51Implementing new technologies and practices that improve safety and performance, July, p. 54

Washington governor uses new accountability program to


keep transportation projects on track and on budget, July, p. 56

Dramatic results from cost-effective rural road safety assess-ment program, July, p. 59

Sidewalk repair program in Orange County, July, p. 60The Escambia County Road Prison Program, July, p. 62City employees step up safety awareness on streets following coworker’s accident on the job, July, p. 65

Learning to live with a railroad as your neighbor, July, p. 66Experience the Roundabout, Sept., p. 25200 MPH Design Speed?, Sept., p. 32Preventive maintenance programs keep your bridges open for years to come, Sept., p. 42

Modern Roundabouts: Safe. Efficient. Attractive., Sept., p. 47

Sacramento becomes first in state to establish 24-hour Quiet Zones at 28 railroad crossings, Sept., p. 90

Utilities and Public Right-of-WayFiber to the Premises (FTTP): Force Them To Pave?, Sept., p. 62

Excavation stage one-call notifications: the best call you will ever make, Sept., p. 66

The Battleground, Sept., p. 68Get to know your area locators, Sept., p. 70Long-range visual inspection of mains using a tetherless robot, Sept., p. 72

Implementation of an Electronic Permitting System (a.k.a. Mission Impossible?), Sept., p. 74

Initiative on Dimensional Tolerances in Construction, Sept., p. 78

Lessons learned from Hillsborough County’s buildout of a fiber-to-the-premises program, Sept., p. 80

Stray current mitigation in Portland’s Transit Mall, Sept., p. 83

Washington InsightCommunication is everything: refining your message for a new Congress, Jan., p. 4

Local projects tread water amid uncertainty over Army Corps wetlands authority, Feb., p. 6

Federal Affairs Waste Management Update, March, p. 6APWA is working in Washington to provide the most up-to-date forestry information to members, April, p. 6

APWA launches redesigned Advocacy web page, May, p. 6President Verkest testifies before National Transportation Commission, May, p. 7

You can change the world, one state at a time!, June, p. 6Predicted Highway Trust Fund deficit underscores need to strengthen revenue sources, July, p. 6

Findings and recommendations for a Water Utility Sector Management Strategy Report released, July, p. 8

Fleet Fuel Economy, Climate Change & Congress, Aug., p. 6Protecting local control: a chapter advocacy success story in Tennessee, Sept., p. 50

APWA member Kathleen Davis briefs Congress on SAFETEA-

LU, Sept., p. 51Public works officials discuss Farm Bill with congressional staff, Oct., p. 8

Board adopts APWA advocacy priorities for 2008, Nov., p. 6Climate change legislation in 110th Congress, Nov., p. 7APWA prepares for SAFETEA-LU reauthorization, Dec., p. 7

Water ResourcesManaging water resource investments for the next genera-tion, Feb., p. 36

Southern California water quality project merits a closer look, Feb., p. 42

Water resources programs benefit from sewer history, Feb., p. 44

Arkansas wastewater treatment plant pilots path to fledgling technology, Feb., p. 46

Filtration and infiltration of urban runoff keeps California creek clean, Feb., p. 48

The Dust Bowl: Water conservation may be the key to avoid-ing a repeat, Feb., p. 50

Safe drinking water, Feb., p. 54

Winter MaintenanceWinter maintenance suite of computer-based training mod-ules, Oct., p. 26

Keys to preparing a winter weather operations manual, Oct., p. 30

Key elements of snow and ice control: safe roads, money and the environment, Oct., p. 34

Written snow and ice control plans are essential for winter maintenance agencies, Oct., p. 36

New tool helps you select the right deicing material, Oct., p. 40

NYSDOT’s response to snow emergencies in New York State, Oct., p. 42

An innovative solution for snowfighter training, Oct., p. 44A new approach to training snowfighters, Oct., p. 46Ice and Snow…Take It Slow, Oct., p. 47Why do weather forecasts vary so much?, Oct., p. 50Concrete answers for the cold weather quandary, Oct., p. 52

The economics of winter-focused safety investments, Oct., p. 55

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Anne J. Allen has joined the APWA staff as Accountant. She will be assisting Teri Newhouse and Mary Coleman with the accounting functions. She comes to us from Springfield, Illinois where she was working at Sikich, LLC, a local ac-

counting firm. Prior to working in Springfield, she had been working as assistant controller for an investment advisory firm in suburbia Philadelphia for nearly two years.

Anne received a B.S. in Accounting from Iowa State Uni-versity in 2005. She is currently residing in Olathe, Kansas. Anne enjoys participating in community theatre and or-chestra. She has plans to return to school in the fall of 2008 in pursuit of an MBA.

Gail Ann Clark has joined APWA’s Washington, D.C. office as Special Assis-tant to the Executive Director. She assists the Executive Director by managing spe-cial projects and daily activities, serves as staff contact for the CPWA Board, and

works to advance the CPWA legislative agenda.

Gail has 15 years of association experience with the Risk Management Association where she worked in member and chapter relations, managing 30-plus chapters, membership recruitment, educational offerings, and community bank re-lationships in the southeastern U.S.

A native of Washington, D.C., Gail has a Bachelor of Arts de-gree in Political Science from Elon University in North Caro-lina. She and her husband Don reside in Falls Church, VA and have two children and two grandchildren. Her daughter Laura and family reside in Amsterdam, NL and her son Ryan and his wife reside in Oakton, VA. Gail enjoys travel, pho-tography, and reading in her spare time.

Maggie Doucette has joined APWA in the Washington, D.C. office as a Gov-ernment Affairs Associate. Maggie will provide support to the association’s government affairs program, including the implementation of the association’s public policy and advocacy goals.

Maggie joins APWA from the National Council of State Hous-ing Agencies (NCSHA) in Washington, D.C., where she was a Legislative and Policy Coordinator, working directly under the Managing Director of Tax Policy. At NCSHA, Maggie was responsible for helping develop and advance NCSHA’s tax-

related policies and priorities. Before joining NCSHA, Mag-gie worked for Strategic Media, a political media buying firm in Georgetown during the pivotal 2006 elections.

Maggie is a 2006 graduate of Monmouth University in New Jersey. At Monmouth, Maggie studied Political Science and Communications. During her tenure at school, Maggie held several internships. She was employed by the United States Department of Homeland Security, Coast Guard, working under the International Affairs Division on their Nuclear Nonproliferation Program. During this time, Maggie also completed a graduate-level class on the impact of September 11 in today’s world. Prior to her internship with the Coast Guard, Maggie interned with Connelly and McLaughlin in Manhattan, NY, a prestigious public relations and lobbying firm. Maggie graduated Magna Cum Laude from Monmouth University; she also held executive positions for the Political Science Club, as well as the Political Science Honor Society.

Brian Sullivan recently joined APWA as the Chapter Rela-tions Program Manager. In his role he is responsible for the development and implementation of programs and services at the national level targeted to higher education students and young professionals. He will also serve as a knowledge resource and liaison to chapters in establishing initiatives, benchmarks, and goals to increase young professional mem-ber outreach.

Brian was previously employed as a Spe-cial Projects Manager with the Kansas City-based American Academy of Family Physicians. His duties included direct-ing key programmatic activities of the Americans In Motion initiative related to health and wellness for young people.

For more than 10 years, Brian served in various Kansas and Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit youth-serving organiza-tions including the Kansas Office for Community Service, the Points of Light Foundation, and the National Network for Youth. He has extensive knowledge and expertise in membership-based nonprofit administration, program plan-ning and management, technical assistance, resource devel-opment, and community relationship-building.

Brian holds a Master of Science degree in Counseling Psy-chology from the University of Kansas in Lawrence and a Bachelor of Science degree in Psychology from Mary Wash-ington College in Fredericksburg, Virginia.

New APWA staff


In November 2007, the APWA Leadership and Management Committee concluded its series of articles on public works leader-ship and management issues entitled “The Baker’s Potluck.” This was the third series of articles (the first being “The Baker’s Doz-en,” the second being “The Baker’s Menu”) that discuss various leadership and management topics of interest to APWA members. The committee’s new series is entitled “Recipes for Success” and touches on a variety of leadership and management topics. Along with each article is an actual recipe for a favorite public works dish submitted by a member. Each recipe is a favorite from the members in their department. Give them a try.

The public works profession is known for its challenges and opportunities. When people talk about “cushy government jobs” I’m pretty sure they’ve never filled a pothole in Florida in July nor cleaned up after a sewer break. Even those of us who deal mostly in paper and people have days filled with stress, uncertainty, conflict and excitement. Life in public works is never easy, but it is always rewarding.

I think this is why so many service and civic-minded people find a home in this profession. It is a place where you can truly make a difference in your community from anywhere in the organizational chart. It is also a profession where there are abundant opportunities for personal and profes-sional growth.

There are many examples of people who started their working life in public works and stayed until retirement. Jim Proce, Palm Bay’s Public Works Director, is one such example. He came to Palm Bay as a draftsman in 1981. Since then he has obtained his bachelor’s and master’s degrees and is now our Public Works Director (with aspirations to be city manager ). I’m sure Jim didn’t go to grammar school hoping to be a public works director someday; but once he landed in Palm Bay and discovered the opportunities in public works he set himself on a path to make continuous progress. Over the years, I’ve observed folks like Jim who have worked towards advancement in the public works profession. The following are some of the common traits that I believe will help you succeed in your desire to advance.

Figure out where you want to be and design a path to get there. Set some goals. Make a plan. It is difficult to get ahead if you haven’t defined what “get ahead” means to you. This doesn’t need to be a 20-year plan, but it does need to have some short-, mid- and long-term milestones and ac-tion items. For me, it was things like: get a civil engineering

degree, get a P.E. license, get a master’s degree in business, etc. See the next few steps in your career path and figure out what you need to do to get there. My career objective was to create options and opportunities. I don’t have one singular “I want to be” goal. I want to have the skills to try whatever may come my way that interests me. That’s my plan. Yours might be more specific or less specific. Determine what feels right for you.

Be happy in your work. Most people work at least eight hours per day. That’s a long time to do something you don’t enjoy. It is hard to be enthusiastic and interested when you’re miserable. If you’re unhappy, your body language and attitude most likely ooze your discontent. So, being un-happy can be a downward spiral. You may not like where you are, but no one else wants to give an unhappy camper a shot. My advice is that you put a smile on your face and be happy wherever you are in your career. You are the only one that controls how you feel every day. You can’t depend on others to make your happiness for you. Once you adjust your attitude, you might find that you like your job better. But, if not, finding a new place to work will be much easier if you’ve built a reputation as a contributing team player, not a grumbling Neanderthal.

Get some education. This means setting some goals and figuring out what training and education you need to get there. Education doesn’t have to mean 10 years of night school. It might mean taking a finance class, taking a for-eign language class, taking a computer seminar—whatever might make you a more valuable, well-rounded employee. There are many free web seminars. Go to the library and check out a book on a new topic. Continuous learning is one indication of an interested, enthusiastic employee. Even if your employer won’t pay for training, there are plenty of opportunities for you to learn. Many communities offer free classes or you can volunteer in a role that might give you the training you need. Churches, charitable organizations, youth sports groups all need volunteers. You can learn peo-ple skills, bookkeeping, computer skills, etc. while helping your community. With a little initiative, you can find schol-arships too. Check with your local APWA chapter or local Public Managers Association to see what they offer.

Network. Get out there in your community and your pro-fessional societies. Go to Chamber of Commerce events. Volunteer to be a speaker. You never know where these con-nections might lead you. The adage about “who you know”

A career in public works: unlimited potential

Susan M. Hann, P.E., AICP, ICMA-CMDeputy City ManagerCity of Palm Bay, FloridaMember, APWA Leadership and Management Committee


is usually true, not in the corrupt sense, but in the sense that people trust people they know. I always feel honored when someone asks me to provide a reference for them. That means that they believe they have shown me their strengths and they trust me to talk about them favorably. I try to be-have as if everyone I meet may be asked for a reference about me (which, in the public works context, is not far from the truth when you consider our political environment).

Take initiative. Take on jobs, projects or assignments that are outside of your job description and/or outside of your comfort zone. You aren’t learning anything new if you are doing the same thing you did yesterday and the day before. The public works profession has unlimited opportunities for growth. There are always projects that need to be done. Take on something new. If you’re less of a risk taker, volunteer to be on the team and take on a small assignment while learn-ing from others. If you like a challenge, take on the leader-ship of the project.

Find a mentor or several mentors. You can always learn something from someone else. Watch the behavior of other people. Find good examples and bad examples. There are people I’ve encountered throughout the years who have provided demonstrations of behaviors that wouldn’t work for me. These were very valuable experiences for me as I was able to learn from other people without having to try these behaviors myself. On the other hand, I’ve met many people over the years who have shown me great examples of the leadership and management traits I now try to use consis-tently. Keep in mind there is no one right way. You must figure out what works best for you.

No excuses. There are always setbacks. Make a commitment to a “no excuses” policy. Yes, you may have challenges and obstacles to overcome, but don’t use them as excuses to stop making progress. Working through challenges and obstacles will also be valuable learning experiences. I have to thank my parents for this one. When I was a kid, I delivered newspa-pers no matter how bad it was snowing or how lousy I felt. I learned the value of living up to commitments whether they are commitments to yourself or others. I also learned that the weather is better in Florida, so I moved south.

I do feel it is important to comment on the public works em-ployees who are happy where they are. Not everyone wants to be on the “unlimited potential” stairmaster, where climb-ing is continuous and can become the objective rather than the means. People who find their niche and execute their jobs well are very important to an organization. These folks are the foundation of success. They are solid, stable and skill-ful. Our organization has some of the most talented heavy equipment operators around. If they all decided to be city managers, our work would definitely suffer. Some of them may want to be city managers and if that’s the case, we’ll help them get there. If not, we are happy to thank them for the excellent contributions they are making to our organiza-tion in their current role.

That’s the great thing about public works. If you want to find your niche and be a superstar in it, there are so many inter-esting niches from which to choose. If you want to climb the organizational ladder, there are almost unlimited oppor-tunities for advancement. As a manager, I’m happy to give anyone who asks more responsibility. There’s always more work than resources. If you want variety in your career, pub-lic works offers a vast array of geographical, technical and administrative challenges.

Public works is the profession of opportunity and choices. I would encourage you to do a little strategic thinking. Take a few minutes and write down what you want to be doing this time next year and identify five things you’d need to do to get there. My goal for 2010 (the year I turn 50) is to ride my mountain bike 3100 miles on the Continental Divide trail from Canada to New Mexico. The easy part will be prepar-ing for the physical fitness challenges. The hard parts will be learning to like camping and getting some time off from my really awesome job!

If you’d like to hear more on this topic, APWA is sponsoring a free phone panel discussion entitled “Humble Beginnings – Unlimited Opportunities” on January 24 at 2:00 p.m. EST. The panelists are all public works professionals who may have started in surprising places but who are leaders in the profession today. To participate in the mentoring call, simply dial (877) 339-0022 and then enter the pin number *5955223*.

Susan M. Hann can be reached at (321) 952-3411 or [email protected].

SOPPIN’ SAUCE6 large lemons (halved or quartered)4 large onions1 gallon white vinegar1 lb. butterRed pepper flakes (to your preference)SaltBlack pepper1-2 gallons water

Bring all ingredients to boil and reduce heat to low sim-mer. Keep warm/hot until finished on a side flame or burner.

I begin by placing my seasoned chicken on the grill and then basting the meat on both sides. As the chick-en cooks, just re-baste as needed until skin is golden brown. This adds flavor and moisture. Keep the flame to a minimum.

Bob FreudenthalAPWA Past PresidentDeputy General ManagerHendersonville Utility DistrictHendersonville, TN


Mexico delegation attends 2007 APWA International Congress in San AntonioJulio C. FuentesSenior Traffic EngineerCity of San Diego, CaliforniaMember, APWA International Affairs Committee

he APWA-AMMAC Task Force hosted a number of im-portant visitors from Mexico at the San Antonio Con-gress. Our Mexico guests included a delegation from the Mexico Construction Chamber (CMIC) – Tijuana

Delegation. The Board of Directors from CMIC was repre-sented by their President Ruben Garcia Fons. Other mem-bers of their executive board included Hector Peterson, Luis Oviedo, Sergio Lujan, and Carlos Verdugo. Zeferino Sanchez of the Mexico Telecommunications Commission and Hec-tor Peterson of CMIC participated at the Congress with a presentation of the advances that the Baja, California region is making with large-scale water desalination projects. Also in attendance was Cesar Gomez, Public Works Director for the State of Mexico.

This was the second time that technical sessions were pro-vided with simultaneous translation to Spanish, and Span-ish-speaking visitors were able to fully participate in all Congress activities thanks to this effort from the local Inter-national Events Subcommittee in close coordination with our APWA National Congress staff. We had the opportunity also to meet with Alejandro Flores of Krebs, LaSalle, LeMieux

Consultants, who is coordinating all international activities for the New Orleans Congress in 2008. We are already in the process of coordinating a wider attendance and participa-tion from Mexico and Latin America at the 2008 Congress.

The Mexico delegates asked me to express their appreciation in particular to the local organizing committee in San Anto-nio and Lamberto “Bobby” Balli of the HNTB Corporation for all their graceful attentions. Our Mexico partners will make efforts to increase their participation in New Orleans and ensure that our Congress is a success beyond doubt at international celebration.

Julio Fuentes is the APWA-AMMAC Task Force Chair and a mem-ber of the International Affairs Committee. He can be reached at (619) 533-3092 or [email protected].

NOMINATIONS FOR NATIONAL APWA APPOINTMENT“You give but little when you give of your possessions. It is when you give of yourself that you truly give.” – Kahlil Gibran

APWA is soliciting nominations for appointments to national offices for the August 2008–September 2009 year. Step forward and offer your expertise to your pro-fession. Contact your local chapter to let them know you have an interest in serving at the national level. Information on appointments may be obtained on the APWA website at www.apwa.net/membersonly/nomi-nations or from Kaye Sullivan at National Headquarters at [email protected] or at (800) 848-APWA, ext. 5233. A brief bio must be completed online or through hard copy. Nominations must arrive at headquarters by close of business March 3, 2008.

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s public works agencies react to the challenges of response and recovery, one of the ini-tial questions is whether

you have the resources to handle the magnitude of the effort. In the event of a major disaster, the local labor and equipment resources are overwhelmed and it is necessary for the recovery of the community to reach out and ask for help. Many of us are familiar with the caravans of the power utility vehi-cles driving to assist their peer power company in the event of a major power outage. This utility has created a sys-tem that can quickly react to the needs

of geographic area through inter-utility mutual aid.

Mutual aid is the key to success for all municipalities that need addition-al resources to help them recover in the event of a disaster. Often that aid can be from within the state and the state emergency management office can assist the locality in finding the resources it needs. In the unfortunate event that the disaster drains all the in-state resources, mutual aid among the states is critical. EMAC, the Emergency Management Assistance Compact, is a congressionally-ratified organization

that provides form and structure to interstate mutual aid. Since being rati-fied by Congress and signed into law in 1996, 50 states, the District of Colum-bia, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the US Vir-gin Islands have enacted legislation to become members of EMAC. Through EMAC, a disaster-impacted state can request and receive assistance and resources from other member states quickly and efficiently, resolving two important issues upfront: liability and reimbursement.

There is a system in place to help all municipal agencies seek the resources necessary to address their recovery needs. And yet we hear about problems of people showing up to help that do not have the necessary skills. Or equip-ment is delivered that is unsuitable to be effective addressing the needs. How can you be clear about your particular resource need so you can be assured that you get what you ask for?

Resource typing is designed to enhance emergency response through a compre-hensive system that allows municipali-ties to augment their response resourc-es during an incident. Resource typing definitions provide emergency manag-ers with the information they need to request and receive the resources they need during an emergency or disaster. Typed definitions for 120 response re-sources have been completed. The re-sources that have been typed are those commonly exchanged in disasters through mutual aid agreements. The original 120 resources were developed by subject matter experts, including public works professionals.

Resources are classified by “Category” which refers to function, such as Public Works, Fire, Health and Medical, and

Public Works Working Group: Working to benefit the professionDiane Linderman, P.E.Director, Urban Infrastructure and DevelopmentVHB, Inc.Richmond, VirginiaBoard Liaison, APWA Emergency Management Committee


“Kind” to include teams, personnel, equipment and supplies. Information about level of capability is referred to as “Type” which is a measure of mini-mum capabilities to perform the func-tion. Type I implies a higher capabil-ity than Type II. As an example, if you need a tub grinder for the disposal of vegetative debris, there are four types listed ranging in output capability of less than 100 to greater than 400 cy/hr. You would want the type of tub grind-er that fits your specific need. You can imagine that if you just asked for a tub grinder, you might not get something that you can use.

In addition to equipment and teams, FEMA has been leading an effort to identify credentials for individuals that could be requested to assist a munici-pality in the event of significant di-saster. In 2005, FEMA sponsored nine working groups: Incident Management, Emergency Medical Services, Fire Fight-

ing and Hazardous Materials Response, Law Enforcement, Health Care, Public Health, Public Works, Search & Rescue, and Animal Control/Veterinary. These groups were challenged to identify “requisite” and “recommended” base-line criteria for education, training, experience, physical/medical fitness, certification, and licensing for posi-tions that would be called upon by a municipality when its own personnel were overwhelmed.

The Public Works Working Group is made up of public works professionals from across the country with expertise in public works and emergency man-agement. Many of the members are APWA members (see sidebar on page 38) and all are practitioners with op-erational experience that covers all the facets of public works. The Work-ing Group’s first accomplishment was the development of 19 job descriptions in the areas of debris management,

water and wastewater utility systems, and public works leadership positions. Unlike many of our sister agencies, public works professionals are placed into positions to respond to disaster recovery, depending on the recovery needs. These jobs are not the normal daily job. The job positions created are intended to be the type of resource that a community would need when facing the daunting task of disaster response and recovery.

The 19 jobs created are to be called for when the resource is needed and, as the requesting agency, you will know what skills and attributes the individu-al should have (see sidebar on page 38). As a municipality, you do not need to have employees that have these specific credentials in order to handle disaster response and recovery. The job creden-tials are only required when an indi-vidual volunteers to assist another ju-risdiction so that there is no confusion

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over what skill level the public works professional can be of assistance.

The Public Works Working Group con-tinues to work for the benefit of the profession. An additional set of posi-tions is being developed. These posi-tions, and maybe more, will continue to clarify the resources you might need to respond. Teams will be created that will support infrastructure rebuilding and cleanup efforts and will include self-sufficient resources to minimize the drain on the local resources. Like the existing resources, they could be developed with multiple effectiveness levels (Type I being minimal and Type III being higher capability level).

The Working Group is also tackling the updating of the original public works typed resources as well as reviewing re-sources that have been typed by states to determine if they should be added to the federal resource list.

All these efforts are being made to make it easier for you to ask for help and to get the exact resource you need. It is absolutely not a requirement for your local public works staff to be cre-dentialed. It continues to be the ex-pectation that the local governments will take the lead on response and re-covery, and only when they are over-whelmed are they encouraged to ask for assistance. The continuing effort

to clearly identify resources and deter-mine the minimum qualifications for public works positions that bring value to assist communities in their disaster response and recovery efforts can only help in the effectiveness and quickness of that community to get back on its feet.

It is all about helping each other and bringing the right people and the right tools to successfully complete the job.

Diane Linderman is a member of the Finance Committee and a former member of the Government Affairs Committee. She can be reached at (804) 343-7100 or [email protected].

PUBLIC WORKS WORKING GROUP ROSTER AND JOB TITLESWorking Group Members

Mark H. McCain, MEP, Public Works Emergency Management Services, LLC, South Carolina

Larry J. Benz, P.E., Director of Public Works, Cole County, Missouri

Randy Bartlett, Director of Stormwater Management, Fairfax County, Virginia

Perry Hopkins, ORCEMS, Emergency Operations Manager, City of Portland Water Bureau, Oregon

Richard Coates, P.E., Assistant Director of Public Works, Fulton County, Georgia

Larry Nadeau, Project Manager, Public Works, City of Port St. Lucie, Florida

Brian Usher, Director of Public Works, City of Largo, Florida

James David Himes, Assistant Director of Public Works, Metro Nashville and Davidson County, Tennessee

John Scharffbillig, Mn/DOT Fleet Manager, Office of Maintenance and Security, St. Paul, Minnesota

Marjorie DeBrot, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Scott Conners, City Engineer, City of Walker, Michigan

Ed Thomas (former Working Group member), National Rural Water Association

Bob Fields (former Working Group member), Chief, Emergency and Anti-Terrorism Operations, Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company, Sunnyvale, California

Public Works Job Titles

PW Job Title 1: Assistant Public Works Director – Logistics

PW Job Title 2: Assistant Public Works Director – Opera-tions

PW Job Title 3: Civil/Field Engineer

PW Job Title 4: Debris Collection Supervisor

PW Job Title 5: Debris Removal Manager

PW Job Title 6: Debris Site Manager

PW Job Title 7: Engineering Branch Manager

PW Job Title 8: Engineering Division Manager

PW Job Title 9: Equipment Operator

PW Job Title 10: Public Works Director

PW Job Title 11: Quality Assurance Personnel

PW Job Title 12: Structural Engineer

PW Job Title 13: Utility Systems Reconstruction Manager

PW Job Title 14: Wastewater Collection Manager

PW Job Title 15: Wastewater System Manager

PW Job Title 16: Wastewater Treatment Manager

PW Job Title 17: Water Distribution Manager

PW Job Title 18: Water System Manager

PW Job Title 19: Water Treatment Manager


ne of the lessons learned from Katrina was that states and urban areas need to update emergency plans and include evacuation and shelter-in-place procedures for the general population and those

with special needs. According to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in the report Identification and Analysis of Factors Affecting Emergency Evacuations, “Large-scale evac-uations of greater than 1,000 people occur approximately once every two weeks in the United States.” If you consider then that there are probably small-scale evacuations occur-ring on a much more frequent basis then it makes sense that every community needs to develop an evacuation plan to be prepared for an inevitable event.

A pre-planned, well-coordinated evacuation plan is intended to save lives and prevent injuries. The NRC found that the critical components of successful evacuations were high-lev-el coordination and cooperation among various emergency response agencies and an effective command structure that was empowered to make decisions as needed. There are many functional areas with a role in ensuring that effective evacuation plans are developed and implemented. Several of these fall under the jurisdiction of public works and there-fore it is critical that we take an active role in developing evacuation plans for our communities.

A community risk assessment should be undertaken to iden-tify vulnerabilities and potential impacts that should be con-sidered when developing an evacuation plan. For example, in anticipation of a hurricane approaching, consideration of areas that are subject to flooding is important information. Maps identifying areas subject to flooding and the depths of flooding are typically managed through public works. We are generally the map repository and have information on floodways, floodplains, pump structures, levees, and other flood control structures. We typically understand the mag-nitude of impact in the event any of these structures were to fail. Consideration of non-notice events such as Haz-Mat incidents is also vital. Evacuation routes utilizing overpasses or bridges might be compromised by vapors or fire from ve-hicular or train-related events. Of growing concern is the trend toward single-access neighborhoods or private com-munities. If the limited access point is blocked or unavail-able, there should be some prior thought how to remove people from the area. This type of information is valuable in the identification of the number of potentially impacted

structures and people and assisting in the decision to evacu-ate an area or alerting people to shelter in-place.

It is important to take into account the transportation needs of a potentially impacted population and whether there are special transport needs such as stretchers and wheel-chairs. In some instances the transit system or the school bus fleet falls under the jurisdiction of public works. The transit system may be called upon to assist in evacuations of large numbers of people, some of which may have special transportation needs. Generally the transit agency, through its ADA transportation program, has access to lift-equipped vans or vehicles equipped for special needs. It is important to have an understanding of the capabilities and limitations

Evacuations

Teresa Scott, P.E.Director of Public WorksCity of Gainesville, FloridaChair, APWA Emergency Management Committee

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of the transport system and where additional resources can be obtained in the event an evacuation is implemented.

If the impacted population will need the assistance of transit to evacuate there will need to be decisions made as to how to accommodate the people. Will there be pre-designated pick-up locations identified? This may be a good option on a fixed-route system where there is familiarity with stop lo-cations and the number of people can be anticipated and accommodated by the fixed route. There may be a need to specify gathering points for people to come to in order to load up on pre-staged buses. In this case it will be important to have adequate buses and staging area that is well-coor-dinated and can accommodate orderly loading. There will need to be consideration given to signing and other com-munication capabilities to keep people informed of perti-nent information and directions to assure their safety.

The NRC found that traffic issues, such as traffic congestion, were reported as significant contributing factors in less ef-ficient evacuations studied. There are many responsibilities covered under public works agencies that deal with traffic is-sues and traffic congestion mitigation. Evacuation routing is an area that public works personnel need to take an active role in defining and implementing. Knowledge and understand-ing of the road network, traffic signal system capabilities, and signing/communication capabilities and needs are all-impor-tant considerations in the development of evacuation routes into/out of or through a jurisdiction. Considerations must be given to such things as whether or not the traffic signal system has the ability or capability of readily implementing signal timing changes to increase the capacity of a roadway. If signal timing adjustments can be implemented in real time it may reduce demand for law enforcement personnel to direct traffic along an evacuation route. There are growing numbers of traffic management centers with real-time capability in managing road networks that include cameras and variable message signs. These can be extremely useful in developing efficient evacuation routing.

Alternatives may be the use of stop-time switches in signal cabinets at major intersections to allow law enforcement of-ficers or operators to manually control signals or override the signal to flashing yellow mode to give priority to the evacuation route directional movement. These operational alternatives will reduce or prevent the need to have officers standing in the street directing traffic for long periods of time. It may also be necessary to implement a staged evacu-ation, although these are much harder to accomplish. In a staged evacuation, residents from certain areas are released in sequence in an attempt to limit congestion on the evac-uation routes. This often is frustrated when persons from non-selected areas decide they are ready to leave and move in advance.

In the event a perimeter is established around an evacuation area it may be necessary to provide detour routes to move traffic away from the area. Detouring routes should be coor-dinated with evacuation routes to ensure that there are no conflicts in traffic flow.

A plan must include ensuring that the routes are given prior-ity for clearing debris or other obstructions that would make the route inaccessible or less efficient once identified as an evacuation route.

Public awareness of the hazards, of evacuation procedures, and alert methods are also identified as critical contributing components of an effective evacuation plan. A public aware-ness plan should include education of the various types of hazards that may occur and prompt the need for evacuation as well as identification of pertinent evacuation procedures and methods in which the affected public would be notified. Generally when the public is aware of the hazards and pro-cedures for keeping them and their families safe they will be much more cooperative with evacuation efforts.

In addition to evacuation details a fully-developed plan should also include how a temporary and permanent reen-try process will be implemented. Temporary reentry is most often utilized when either a hazard may still exist or the homes are too severely damaged to allow residents to oc-cupy them. This may occur as the result of a large-scale fire incident, or a weather-related disaster such as a tornado or hurricane. What type of identification would be required, who will check the persons into the area, who will check them out and how long will they be allowed to stay are all areas to be addressed. The use of permits or passes to identify approved persons and vehicles should also be considered in advance.

For permanent reentry a plan should address many of the same items described above with additional attention to sanitation, health and medical issues those returning may face. If there is no potable water or sanitation available, will they be safe returning and staying in the area? Will your community expect your staff to provide portable toilets, sol-id waste services and bottled water? These are all areas your community and your department should address as you re-view your plans.

As with all aspects of emergency operations, once a plan is developed it is important to train and exercise the plan to increase the likelihood that if implemented the evacuation plan will effectively and efficiently meet the objective to save lives and prevent injuries.

Teresa Scott can be reached at (352) 334-5070 or [email protected].


any lives have been affected by the heartbreak-ing tragedies on school campuses across our na-tion. These senseless random acts of violence have brought a feeling of helplessness and fear to many.

In light of these horrific instances the City of Beloit, Beloit College and Wisconsin Emergency Management met on De-cember 15, 2006 to proactively prepare for such an event. We had at least one meeting per month to prepare for a mock disaster dealing with these unfortunate acts of terrorism.

On October 24, 2007 the City of Beloit, Beloit College and Wisconsin Emergency Management had our full-scale mock disaster. Everyone remembers the Virginia Tech University massacre on April 16, 2007. When we planned our event little did we know that it was going to really happen. We had been developing this program for months before this

and in fact had one tabletop exercise one month to the day before the tragic incident in Virginia. This was the first full-scale mock event in the United States done at a college when the students were in attendance.

Our design team consisted of representatives from:

Wisconsin Emergency Management (WEM)• , Dan Wenborne (Facilitator), Bob Klinger and Jerry HaberlRock County Emergency Management• , Shirley Con-nors, Shannon Ladwig and Deborah ShawBeloit Fire Department• , Bruce HedringtonBeloit Police Department• , Bill TylerCity of Beloit Risk Manager• , Mike CiaramitaBeloit College• , John NicholasBeloit Hospital• , Barb Kuska

Full-scale mock disaster event in Beloit, WisconsinThe disaster event that no one wants but everyone fearsBruce SlagoskiTerrace Operations SupervisorCity of Beloit, WisconsinMember, Emergency Management Committee, APWA Wisconsin Chapter

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Rock County 911 Dispatch Center• , Kathy SukusBeloit Department of Public Works• , Bruce Slagoski

The normal role in public works is to come in and clean up after a natural or man-made disaster and partner with other disciplines during the event. This is the first time we were re-quested to create a disaster. Our role was to secure the area for all of the emergency responders where the event was going to take place and then assist in making the collapsed areas.

So you might ask yourself, how did we do this? The Friday before the event we put out No-Parking signs for the event area to give us a clear work site for the following Monday. We worked with Lt. Chris Scott from the Rockford Fire De-partment who is on the task force team for the Illinois Tech-nical Rescue Team (TRT) to come and make the collapsed sites. We delivered the concrete pipe ranging from two feet to four feet in diameter. For months we had collected mat-tresses, end tables, couches and chairs that were put out for weekly trash collection for this event. A Dodge Caravan was brought in that we crushed. They brought in a fifth-wheel trailer and it was our job to destroy the trailer and place it on the pile. We worked with the TRT for two days setting up the site and Lt. Chris Scott stated, “Without the help of Public Works the event would not have been as realistic as it was.”

On the actual day of the event Public Works personnel secured the area so that no one could enter except the re-sponders. We installed snow fence, barricaded streets for a two-block area and barricaded a three-block area for staging. We delivered golf carts and gators for the evaluators and dig-nitaries to utilize so they could view the event. We stayed onsite for the entire event for any unforeseen issues that would come up, which they did; like any event as it unfolds things come up. We had police personnel walking over snow fence that we had to put back up and citizens were finding little holes in our perimeter that we had to close. We put more barricades out as the event grew.

After all of the explosions rocked the City of Beloit, trapped and injured college students were rescued and transported to the hospital, and the terrorist was taken into custody and the hostages were released, it took only approximately three

hours to conclude the exercise. Everyone went home but Public Works. Now our work began again, cleaning up the event debris. The unrecognizable fifth-wheel trailer was in two different sites. Couches, tables and mattresses were ev-erywhere. Meanwhile, the media was saying that the event was over and everything was back to normal. Public Works worked for the next two days cleaning up all of the debris.

The College Vice President commented, “I could not believe how well our Public Works crews restored the area to the way it was before the event.” He sent the following e-mail:

Bruce:

Now that the smoke has cleared so to speak, I want to personally thank you and the rest of your Public Works team for the fantastic job you performed prior to, during, and after the Emergency Management exercise held on the Beloit College campus on Wednesday, October 24, 2007. Your crew was professional, courte-ous, and efficient and if there was ever a real emergency on the campus, I only hope you’re involved!

Thanks again.

John NicholasVice President for AdministrationEmergency Management CoordinatorBeloit College

Bob Klinger and Jerry Haberl from Wisconsin Emergency Management said in their report:

The Beloit DPW was represented on the ex-ercise design team and played an important role in the planning, conduct and evaluation of the exercise.

Public Works personnel were instrumental in the preparation of the exercise, especially in the construction of the rubble pile used to test collapsed structure evolutions. The exper-tise and experience they brought to the con-struction ensured a safe and realistic training experience.

Public Works was able to maintain essential utility services (enhancements/props) and co-ordination among assets and was organized efficiently according to the National Incident Management System (NIMS). The Incident Command System (ICS) was established soon after arrival and Unified Command estab-lished within an evaluated time period.

A representative of the FBI said, “This is the largest event I have ever seen and was impressed on how well it ran.” Some mistakes were made but, after all, it was a disaster. We quickly recovered from our mistakes. That is why you have

The debris pile created by the Public Works Department on the Beloit College campus (photo courtesy of the City of Beloit)


to practice. You have to understand each other and know everyone’s capabilities.

Not surprisingly, through this exercise we found our biggest problem was with communication. It is the same comment I have heard at every event, staged or real. We must work together to find a better way of communicating with each other. The only way this will happen is if we talk to each other. Police, Fire and Public Works communicated well, but when the FBI and the EOD (Explosive Ordnance Disposal) team came into the event, it took us about a half hour to gain communication.

In Beloit we have been working hard to improve commu-nication through the use of Nextel telephones and radios. We can alert a group of Public Works, Police, SWAT or Fire responders with ease. With the assistance of Nextel we have established groups so the Incident Commander can alert any group with one click of a button. Nextel representatives helped us the day of our event to enhance our capabilities with the phones and also supplied us with extra phones to share with other responders as needed. All of this would not have happened if we did not work together as a group on our communication to recognize the shortcomings that we had. Public works must be a part of that process.

The most important thing that I learned from the exercise is that public works has to work with police and fire depart-ments so everyone knows each other’s strengths and weak-nesses. They do not know all of our resources. They even have resources that can help us. Work with them, be friends with them, don’t ignore them. When there is a disaster, all of you working together as a team of first responders will serve your communities in the most efficient way possible. You will save lives and restore the infrastructure much fast-er, allowing the citizens of your community to restore some sense of normalcy to their lives.

Bruce Slagoski can be reached at (608) 364-2929 ext. 7008 or [email protected].

One of the pre-exercise meetings with all of the mock disaster par-ticipants (photo courtesy of the City of Beloit)

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Director, City of Bartlett, IL, Chairman, DuPage County Public Works Mutual Aid (PWMA) Steering

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Jonathan Gano, P.E., Superintendent of Streets, City of Springfield, MO. Coordinated resource contracts

and served as liaison to the Emergency Management Office related to a major ice storm in January 2007.

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Speakers:Steve Hagerty, President, Hagerty Consulting, Inc., Evanston, IL. Managed the $7.4 billion outsourced public assistance Federal recovery operation in New York City after 9/11.

Kris Riemann, Director of Public Works, and Ron Smith, Assistant Director of Public Works, City of Gulfport, MS. Currently coordinating $100 million in public works infrastructure repairs and replacements from Katrina damage.


ascading failure—when disruption in one infrastruc-ture causes a disruption or failure in a second infra-structure.

When the public hears about cascading infrastructure fail-ures, it is likely they remember the electrical network failures in the northeast where one failure in the electrical system led to many other electrical failures. However, it is unlikely that they think about the other infrastructure failures that resulted from this type of event. Power was out to traffic sig-nals and electric trains, crippling the transportation system. Communications were also disrupted with the loss of power. It is easy to see how one small infrastructure failure can cas-cade into larger, multi-jurisdictional infrastructure failures.

All critical infrastructure facilities are almost always depen-dent on other infrastructure systems. This complicates the planning and mitigation of impacts related to the original failures. Preparing for these types of events is further com-plicated by the fact that these failures can impact multiple political, corporate and lifeline jurisdictions. Lessons learned from past events and dire warnings of future cascading fail-ures often do little to improve emergency planners’ and managers’ capabilities.

A recent example of a cascading failure occurred during the Southern California wildfires when fires burned power lines, cutting off power to a critical water pump station. As a re-sult, an entire community was without water while being surrounded by fire. The impacts continued into the next

week as water service was restored but undrinkable due to contamination of the empty system. Similar disruptions could impact water-dependent facilities such as hospitals, which are even more critical systems during disasters.

These critical infrastructures and others such as power trans-mission networks and communication systems are complex in their own right. However, in reality, these individual sys-tems interact with each other in many ways, increasing the complexity of the failure. This makes the analysis and the subsequent mitigation even more complex. Some of these systems are coupled in such a way that the control of each one depends on the state of the other.

The complex agenda for hardening the nation’s infrastruc-ture in the aftermath of 9/11 and now Hurricane Katrina is still in its early stages. Other homeland security goals—such as strengthening the ability to respond to an attack or a catastrophic natural disaster and recover quickly—have commanded greater attention and resources, especially in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. In addition, as difficult as it is to develop a comprehensive capability to respond to and recover from natural disasters and terrorist attacks, pro-tecting the nation’s infrastructure from the loss of key assets that could result in cascading failures is even more difficult.

The National Strategy for the Physical Protection of Criti-cal Infrastructures and Key Assets recently released by the Department of Homeland Security (see http://www.dhs.gov/xprevprot/programs/editorial_0827.shtm#1) states that the primary functions of the policy include protecting national security missions, public health and safety. Additionally, the

Cascading infrastructure failures and you!

Curtis Edwards, P.E., F.ASCE, Vice-President and Senior Project Manager, Psomas, San Diego, California; Laurence W. Zensinger, Vice-President, Homeland Security, Dewberry, Fairfax, Virginia; members of the APWA Emergency Management Committee

Electric utility outage caused by severe storms and tornados in Georgia, March 2007 (photo by Mark Wolfe/FEMA)

I-35 bridge failure, Minneapolis, MN, August 5, 2007 (photo by Todd Swain/FEMA)


National Strategy recommends reinforcing state and local governments’ capacities to deliver essential public services, protect the private sector, and to improve public confidence and morale.

What does this mean to local public works officials? There are a number of steps that can be taken.

First, understand the nature of infrastructure that traverses or serves your community. Which facilities would create the gravest economic or social impacts if attacked or knocked out by disaster? From this perspective, not all facilities may need the same level of attention or protection.

Second, try to understand the interdependencies among infrastructure systems. For instance, electrical outages can interrupt water supplies and cellular communications when power backups fall short. What opportunities are there to build in redundancy which would reduce restoration and recovery time?

Finally, look at some of the things that can be done to mitigate the effects of natural disasters or terrorist attacks on infrastructure. Mitigation measures for hazards such as floods or earthquakes are generally well understood and in use where necessary. For certain facilities that could be tar-gets of terrorist attacks, consideration should be given to site

layout and design (stand-off distance or barriers), structural design that will avoid collapse from the effects of a bomb if possible, and any special rescue and recovery plans or ca-pabilities required if a specific infrastructure node in your community fails.

The great diversity and redundancy of our infrastructure provides for significant physical and economic resilience in the face of terrorist attacks, natural disasters or other emer-gencies. However, this vast and diverse aggregation of high-ly interconnected assets, systems, and networks may also present an attractive array of targets to terrorists and mag-nify greatly the potential for cascading failure in the wake of catastrophic natural or man-made disasters. Understanding critical infrastructure relationships and protecting critical fa-cilities from all kinds of disasters is a significant challenge, but one which we should all be thinking about.

Curt Edwards can be reached at (858) 576.9200 or [email protected]; Larry Zensinger can be reached at (703) 849-0139 or [email protected]. Both authors are members of the APWA Emergency Management Technical Committee.

Note: If you would like more information on cascading infrastruc-ture failure, plan to attend the workshop session scheduled to take place during the 2008 Congress in New Orleans, Louisiana.

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hen the worst happens in our communities, we count on our employees to be there in support of our

mission. Repeatedly these employees have not only met our expectations, but have surpassed them with their heroic, selfless dedications. Whether from hurricane, wildfire, flood, tor-nado, snow storm or countless other events impacting our communities, the dedication of our employees who place their communities first has been a proud constant in our business. One area we as employers have not been as dedicated to is providing the same level of dedication to our staffs as we expect from them.

This situation is slowly being remedied as emergency plans are being updated and we include lessons learned from other communities across the country. It has been the unfortunate news head-line when a community disciplines or terminates employees who found themselves forced to make a decision between what they feel is their family’s well-being and their responsibility to their community. While not often re-ported, these types of cases have made headlines across the country. Partially in response to these situations and par-tially because of lessons learned dur-ing the past ten years of emergency response, communities are beginning to provide support to employees and their families during times of disaster.

Family Member SupportIn Largo, Florida, dependents of City employees have access to a shelter fa-cility reserved just for them. City em-ployees sign their families up at the beginning of the annual hurricane sea-son to ensure enough food and water can be provided. The online sign-up form also asks if the family is shelter-ing elsewhere or at home, and for fam-

ily contact information. If their plans change, any employee family member with identification can seek shelter if their needs arise. Housed in the city’s Cultural Center, this facility swings into action when a hurricane watch is posted, or as other incidents dictate. Materials and supplies are moved in according to the City’s Emergency Op-erations Plan. The dependent check-in process is done electronically on the City IT system ensuring that not only tracking occurs, but that employees and their department can check online that their family is checked in.

City employees are also surveyed each year to determine whether they and their families are capable of securing their homes themselves, or if help may be necessary. If family members are un-able to secure the home, the City will provide assistance with the installation of storm shutters, securing doorways and evacuating the structure. In this way City employees can concentrate on their job responsibilities and not be dis-tracted by concerns for their loved ones. Another level of support implemented in 2007 was the voluntary collection of homeowners insurance contact infor-mation. Employees choosing to partici-pate provide the City with their Home-owners Insurance contact information. If their homes are damaged while they are involved in a response activity, the City will contact the insurance compa-ny for them, initiating the claim process and again relieving them of additional burdens and concerns.

Providing family support goes beyond just addressing shelters and feeding. With growing concerns of a global in-fluenza outbreak, community planning should address not just employees but also their families. In the sealed envi-ronment buildings we work out of to-day, any infected employee can wreak

havoc on your operations. If you have plans to include the inoculation of em-ployees in the event of an epidemic, you should consider including family members as well. Again, employees will not be able to give you their full atten-tion if they are worried about sick fam-ily members at home. The possibility of cross infection from employees with sick family members to other members of staff or the community is obviously one to be taken seriously. It has been estimated that over one-third of our employees could be affected at any one time from a pandemic flu outbreak. It is obvious that we must protect our most vital resource, our employees, from this additional emotional and physical strain.

Employee SupportDirect employee support during times of crisis is also important. When plan-ning for extended operations involv-ing response and recovery activities, it is critical to ensure some method exists to feed, shelter and support employ-ees working in extended, harsh con-ditions. Simple things like hot meals, fluids for rehydration and shade with either heat or cooling ability not only extend your staff’s capabilities and en-durance, they provide for improved morale, leading to longer employee concentration and dedication.

With the recent introduction of quick-prepare foods for bulk feeding, the logistical issues surrounding the stor-ing, distribution and preparation of meals for employees is less trouble-some than before. The new meals are easily stackable, heat themselves, and offer both standard and vegetarian se-lections. Combined with new waterless hand sanitizers, keeping our employ-ees properly fed is now easier than ever before. The longer shelf life of bottled water also is an asset when preparing

Care for employees

Brian R. Usher, Director of Public Works, City of Largo, Florida, and member, APWA Emergency Management CommitteeTeresa Scott, P.E., Director of Public Works, City of Gainesville, Florida, and Chair, APWA Emergency Management Committee


for emergency operations. With an average two-year shelf life, cases can be stocked and rotated through their shelf period to maintain safe product. It is important to properly anticipate the actual level of food and hydration products you may need for your staffs during extended operations. The num-ber of regular staff may be enhanced with outside assistance personnel re-sponding to your incident. Examine your emergency operations plan to determine what your total personnel needs may be.

It is also important that when building your plan you address supporting your employees in the field. Too many times we have witnessed responders establish a feeding or rehabilitation station in-side a secured or “warm” zone sector. Many of the responders to these inci-dents do not possess the credentials to enter such a zone, and are unable to access this resource. Those in the Emer-gency Operations Center anticipate that food and hydration are taken care of, learning only later that numbers of responders were unable to have access. This is most often the case when agen-cies beyond your own organization are involved, as they may not understand your agency’s access policies.

Often forgotten or ignored is the need to provide regular rest for our employ-ees. Time after time we find ourselves and our staff pushing our endurance to the limit, only to crash either emotion-ally or physically. It is important to re-member that we only function well for 12 to 18 hours. After that time passes we

may still be making decisions, but they are probably not being well thought out or evaluated. Staff and crews work-ing without proper rest not only en-danger themselves, but others as well. At the time we justify this because we “have to get it done,” “only I can do it” or “we don’t have enough people.” If any of these is truly the case you need to take a fresh look at your emergency plan. It is situations such as these for which mutual aid was designed. We need to remember it is not a weakness to ask for help. Work with your neigh-bors to familiarize yourselves with each other’s plans so that you can work in tandem if the need arises. If working on a larger scale event, regional mutual aid such as the plans in New Hamp-shire; Florida; DuPage County, Illinois; and Rock County, Wisconsin, provide just such a safety valve.

Too often we find ourselves look-ing back at an operation during the after-action report, realizing we over-stretched ourselves and our staffs. Hopefully we do not find any major

problems directly attributed to the is-sues described above. We always claim we will work to change the situation so that we don’t have to do it again, but then we get busy or forget, and time slips past without our action. Let’s not miss the lessons from the past. Take time now to review your plan, work with your staff and emergency man-agement team, and ensure that your future response is more user-friendly to your employees. To quote APWA Presi-dent Larry Frevert during his address at the 2007 APWA Congress, this is one of those times to ask yourself, “If not me, who? If not now, when?”

Brian Usher can be reached at [email protected] or (727) 587-6741; Teresa Scott can be reached at [email protected] or (352) 393-8801.

Note: If you would like more information on employee care during a crisis, plan to attend the workshop session scheduled to take place during the 2008 Congress in New Orleans, Louisiana.

The City of Gainesville Public Works Depart-ment employees being fed during the 2004 hurricanes in Florida

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utual aid allows communities to support each other during emergencies and disasters to protect and restore life and

property when an event is beyond the capabilities of the affected community. Public works is responsible for a mul-titude of operations, including safe water, sewer, waste disposal and debris management, mass transit, snow re-moval, signage, engineering and fleet. We have the responsibility to recover in the most expedient way. This is best accomplished by entering into Mutual Aid Agreements for cooperation during an emergency situation.

It is important that each municipality entering into an agreement realize the importance of providing assistance to one another during a disaster or emer-gency. You may be requested to supply employees, equipment, technical as-sistance and/or materials. Public Works Mutual Aid Agreements allow an entity to assist another without the liabili-ties of insurance, workers compensa-tion, equipment insurance, employee liability, union issues, and compensa-tion becoming cumbersome issues and causing great delays in response time. Mutual aid does not require a commu-nity to respond to the crisis of another. A community may in good faith with-hold assistance while providing for its own community.

For years fire and police departments have had agreements with surround-ing communities for assistance. Fire de-partments have had Mutual Aid Agree-ments with neighboring communities and now have changed to the MABAS

(Mutual Aid Box Alarm System). Police departments have also had Mutual Aid Agreements for a number of years as well. Today we see public works sectors on board with mutual aid.

As you may know, HSPD-8 (Homeland Security Presidential Directive 8) states that public works employees are recog-nized as first responders. In order for any disaster area to receive mitigation funds from FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) we must meet certain criteria. We must have Mutual Aid Agreements in place and be NIMS (National Incident Management Sys-tem) compliant.

The City of Beloit has entered into Mutual Aid Agreements with nine communities. The communities range from small townships to large cities. Our agreements also cross the state line into Illinois. If the need arises to respond to an incident across the state line the issue can be addressed with an EMAC (Emergency Management As-sistance Compact) which was covered in the January 2007 issue of the APWA Reporter. In Beloit we have both an In-

trastate and Interstate agreement with our neighboring communities.

It is our recommendation that every-one establish Mutual Aid Agreements with their neighbors. Not only is it a requirement but when you need as-sistance or if you are responding to an event, everyone knows whom to call and what to expect. A very large part of this agreement is the list of resourc-es. Mutual Aid Agreements are not an easy task but a very worthwhile one. It took over a year to get our Mutual Aid Agreement enacted by the time it went through all the community leaders and their attorneys. During a disaster is not the time to see if you have the neces-sary resources.

The APWA Wisconsin Chapter’s Emer-gency Management Committee is cur-rently working on a statewide Mutual Aid Agreement. We anticipate that during 2008 the agreement will be complete. The process takes time and requires legislative involvement. In the long run, it will be worthwhile.

Bruce Slagoski can be reached at (608) 364-2929 or [email protected]; Janice Pinnow can be reached at (608) 364-2929 or [email protected].

Editor’s Note: The City of Beloit’s Mutual Aid Agreement, as well as other sample agreements, can be viewed on the APWA Resource Center at www.apwa.net/ResourceCenter in the Emergency Management section. If you would like to provide a sample copy of or link to your agency/state’s agreement, please forward the information to Teresa Hon at APWA headquarters ([email protected]).

Public Works Mutual Aid: Who needs it and whyBruce Slagoski, Terrace Operations Supervisor, City of Beloit, Wisconsin, and member, Emergency Management Committee, APWA Wisconsin Chapter; Janice Pinnow, Solid Waste Supervisor, City of Beloit, Wisconsin, and member, Solid Waste Committee, APWA Wisconsin Chapter

Golf course superintendent Mark Young (left) of the Beloit Public Works Department in the Incident Command Vehicle with Capt. Tom Dunkin of the Beloit Police Department

PUBLIC WORKS:The Future is Now


“They’re back. Well, actually, they never left but it just seems like we have more and more geese in our parks and on our golf courses. We tried letting the native grasses grow up around the perimeters to

scare them off but all that did was make the resi-dents complain that we weren’t mowing. Is there anything else you can suggest?”

Doesn’t mat-ter where I go, I hear the same problem. It’s ei-

ther geese or pigeons. Since the environmentalists get touchy when we talk about disturbing the geese eggs, we’ll talk about more mundane possibilities. Brookline, MA is using Japanese kites in the shape of coyotes that flutter in the breeze close to the ground. Seems if you move them around your area, the geese think they are real. You might like to contact Tom Brady at [email protected].

Another practice is using trained dogs that scare the geese away. While there is expense involved in purchasing and training the dogs, the results sound very worthwhile. If you’d like more information, contact Harry Weed with the Village of Rockville Center, NY at [email protected].

“I heard there will be a new edition of the Public Works Management Practices Manual next year. Who decides what practices should be included? If you had a public works responsibility that isn’t

covered now, how would you go about getting it included?”

You heard right. The 6th edition of the Public Works Management Practices Manual will be re-leased in August at Congress in New Orleans. The timing of your question couldn’t be better. A re-

view committee is being formed and they will begin meet-ing to review the existing practices and consider new chap-ters that have been suggested by public works practitioners.

Three potential new chapters are Bridges, Beaches, and Code Enforcement. It is likely there will be a few new practices added to existing chapters, as well. If you have suggestions, please contact me at [email protected] and I’ll be happy to share your information with the committee members when they meet.

As an FYI reminder, the release of the 6th edition of the Manual means that anyone who is planning to become ac-credited and wishes to continue using the 5th edition will need to sign a contract for Voluntary Accreditation by Sep-tember 15, 2008 to ensure continuation with that edition. The contract allows you to be locked into that edition and allows for a three-year time period to be ready for an Ac-creditation Site Visit. After September 15, anyone signing a contract will be required to utilize the 6th edition.

“With all the emphasis being placed on the safety of our bridges, our elected of-ficials are interested in whether there are departments that purchase insurance spe-cifically for bridges. Do you have any in-

formation to share?”

Not really, but it’s a question I’d also like to have answered. If any of our readers have attempted to purchase or have been successful in purchasing insurance to cover major bridges against a cata-strophic event such as an earthquake or hurricane,


would you please share the information with our readers? Please send me your comments to [email protected] and I’ll pass them along.

“My consulting firm works with several agencies in California and we need to have a copy of the APWA Standards and Specifications. I can’t find them listed in the APWA catalog. Can you tell me how I

can obtain them?”

I’d be happy to if they existed! However, there are no National APWA Standards and Specifi-cations. Several chapters have

developed standards for local use, some of which have been “standard” for their states or regions. When you see an “APWA Stan-dard” referenced, please check the “Chap-ters” pages of our website at www.apwa.net, locate the chapter in your geographi-cal area, and contact one of the chapter of-ficers to determine where you might secure the appropriate Standards.

“I recently read an article that referred to a ‘com-plete streets program.’ It was a term I’m not famil-iar with. Can you help?”

The term refers to the design of streets to incorporate bike lanes and sidewalks to provide space for pedestrians and bikers which may even mean narrowing roads

or lanes of traffic to make this accommoda-tion. The program is aimed at giving more people access to the use of the roads. An in-crease in senior citizens lies behind the com-plete streets programs in most places where they are being tried. As people become un-able to drive, they need to be able to walk safely, including taking a walk to the local bus stop. As you would imagine, it costs less to design the sidewalks and bike paths when the street is originally built, rather than adding it later. Of course, these lanes are not used on highways but rather on residential streets. Fourteen states are currently using one or more complete streets programs, as are cities such as Colorado Springs, CO and Louisville, KY. If you’re interested in more specifics, check each city’s web page for contact information.

Ann DanielsDirector of Technical ServicesAPWA, 2345 Grand Blvd., Suite 700Kansas City, MO 64108-2625

Fax questions to: (816) 472-1610

E-mail: [email protected]

Ask Ann…Please address all inquiries to:


Please go to www.apwa.net/WorkZone for information on how to submit a position advertisement on the website and in the APWA Reporter.

Director of Construction and MaintenancePort of Los AngelesSan Pedro, CASalary: $120,352–$149,500 plus exceptional executive benefitsThe Port of Los Angeles (Los Angeles Harbor Department), the nation’s number-one container port and a leader in the utilization of Green-Port technologies, is seeking a seasoned, contemporary manager with a significant supervisory back-ground overseeing a high-performing professional, techni-cal and trade-oriented staff engaged in the design, light con-struction and maintenance of public works or marine-related facilities and infrastructure. A newly-created position, the Director of Construction and Maintenance, will lead the largest Division within the Harbor Department with a staff of 290 and an annual operating budget exceeding $34 million. The Director is a critical member of the Port’s De-velopment Team and reports directly to the Deputy Execu-tive Director for Development. Responsible for the overall planning, direction and management of the Division, the Director of Construction and Maintenance oversees subordinate managers and professional staff engaged in the light construction, maintenance, preventive mainte-nance and repair of harbor and marine structures including wharves, pilings, container cranes, vehicles, boats, bridges, docks, high voltage systems, lighting, security systems, utili-ties, landscaping, buildings, pipelines, tanks, pump stations, storm drains and streets. Port assets also include a sizeable fleet of alternative fuel vehicles complemented by a rapidly growing Port Police fleet employing many cars, boats and motorcycles. The Director of Construction and Main-tenance must possess a bachelor’s degree in engineering, construction management or architecture with five years of experience with operational responsibility with facili-ties/fleet/port and/or public works infrastructure OR have a bachelor’s degree in management or business or public ad-ministration with ten years of experience. Registration as a Professional Engineer in California is a plus but not required for serious consideration. Experience implementing and maintaining an Environmental Management System that applies “green” practices and products to facility mainte-nance is desirable. Résumé/Cover Letter must be submitted

not later than December 17, 2007 to: The Mercer Group, Inc., P.O. Box 546, Weimar, CA 95736. Please contact Clark Wurzberger at: (530) 637-4559 or by e-mail at: [email protected] for further inquiries. Brochure available at: www.mercergroupinc.com. The Port of Los Angeles is com-mitted to workforce diversity and is an Equal Opportunity Employer.

Traffic EngineerMission Viejo, CA$7,094–$9,577 Per Month(Salary effective December 29, 2007)Full-time vacancy scheduled Monday through Friday from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. assigned to work at City Hall. As-sists in planning, organizing, overseeing and coordinating professional, technical and office support activities related to all programs and activities of the Transportation Division within the Public Works Department; performs various pro-fessional field and office traffic engineering and transporta-tion planning work; and provides professional assistance to the Transportation Manager. Equivalent to graduation from a four-year college or university with major course work in civil, traffic or transportation engineering or a related en-gineering field and six (6) years of professional traffic or transportation engineering design, plan review and project administration experience, preferably in a public agency set-ting. Current registration as a Civil or Traffic Engineer in the State of California is required. Submit résumé by 3:00 p.m., January 11, 2008. Call the City’s 24-hour JobLine at (949) 470-3088 or visit http://cityofmissionviejo.org.

Stormwater EngineerSan Juan County Public Works DepartmentFriday Harbor, WAReports to: Utility ManagerDepartment: Public WorksFLSA Status: ExemptPositions Supervised: NoneBasic Function: Under general direction, the Stormwater Engineer performs engineering and watershed management work for the San Juan County Stormwater Utility. This posi-tion involves the application of a high level of professional engineering knowledge and skills to watershed manage-ment planning, project designs and development regula-tions. An employee in this position provides direct support to the Utility Manager, Public Works Director, and County


Engineer. The Stormwater Engineer is responsible for all en-gineering aspects of the development and implementation of a countywide, comprehensive stormwater management program. An employee in this position provides technical stormwater review of development plans including technical interpretations and policy recommendations related to the County Code. Minimum Qualifications: Completion of a bachelor’s degree from an accredited college or university with major course work in civil, environmental or water re-source engineering or related engineering field; five years of experience in stormwater management/water resource engi-neering; possession of a Professional Engineer’s registration in the State of Washington, or through reciprocity, the abil-ity to obtain the same; possession of valid driver’s license, supplemented by a satisfactory driving record. Desired: Completion of a master’s degree; experience in hydrologic, hydraulic and water quality modeling, wetland mitigation, soil erosion and sediment control; experience in watershed planning, flood control, floodplain management and the administration of a stormwater management regulatory program; ability to analyze drainage components (and sup-portive calculations) of development site plans; knowledge of and participation in stormwater-related efforts of federal, state, county and local government agencies. Contact: www.co.san-juan.wa.us.

SurveyorSan Juan County Public Works DepartmentFriday Harbor, WAReports to: County EngineerDepartment: Public WorksFLSA Status: ExemptPositions Supervised: NoneBasic Functions: This is a professional position that provides a broad range of land surveying services to all divisions of Public Works, such as land surveying, data collection and interpretation, computer mapping and GIS, field supervi-sion of department survey staff, documentation and record storage of County surveys and right-of-way, review of plats, and land subdivisions for meeting County requirements, and coordination with the engineering design team for the Department of Public Works in both office and field envi-ronments. Projects and assignments range in scope from site-specific topographic and boundary needs to complex computer topographic modeling and section and bound-ary retracement for large capital improvement projects of the County. Additional survey requests may also come from other County departments. Work is highly technical and is performed in an independent manner with general instruc-tions from the County Engineer and Public Works Director. Work is reviewed through meetings, conferences, and results achieved. Minimum Qualifications: (1) Registration as a licensed professional Land Surveyor in the State of Washing-ton or a state having reciprocity with Washington with the ability to obtain reciprocity licensing within six months of employment; (2) Bachelor’s degree with major course work

in land surveying or a related field, and four (4) years of responsible surveying experience with at least two years in a supervisory position. Or, any combination of education, training and experience that would ensure the knowledge required to successfully perform the duties of this position; (3) Possession of a valid, unrestricted (except for vision), driver’s license; (4) Advanced skill in cartography, drafting, GIS applications and automated mapping; (5) Thorough knowledge of right-of-way and property legal descriptions; (6) Ability to use personal or workstation computers in a graphic environment; (7) Ability to follow and establish rig-orous quality control procedures and produce work at exact-ing high-level standards; (8) Desire to observe and abide by all state- and county-established standards for good practice of the land surveying profession and the associated policies, practices, methods, goals and objectives of this department; (9) Demonstrated personal skills must show a high degree of self motivation, self discipline and organization. Contact: www.co.san-juan.wa.us.

Director of Public UtilitiesSt. Louis, MOThe City of St. Louis is seeking a registered professional en-gineer for the position of Director of Public Utilities. This is a cabinet-level position that is appointed by the Mayor of the City of St. Louis. The appointment is on a term basis. The duties of the position include directing the activities of the Public Utilities Department which includes a major wa-ter utility with 375 employees, a historic farmers’ market, and the Communications Division. Candidates must have at least ten years of professional experience and be qualified to design as well as to direct engineering work. The City of St. Louis offers competitive salary and benefits for this po-sition commensurate with experience. Interested individu-als should submit a cover letter, résumé, and references to: Henry LaZard, 1114 Market Street Ste. 700, St. Louis, MO 63101, e-mail: [email protected]. Position requires City residency within 120 days of being appointed. The City of St. Louis is an Equal Opportunity Employer.

Principal Civil EngineerSantee, CAThe City of Santee (San Diego County) is seeking a Principal Civil Engineer in the Capital Improvement Projects (CIP) section (annual salary: $76,791–$103,668 DOQ). Require-ments include any combination of education and experi-ence that demonstrates the ability to perform the duties of this classification, i.e., a bachelor’s degree in civil engineer-ing and five years of progressively responsible and recent civil engineering experience. Registration as a Civil Engineer in California is required at time of hire. Deadline: Open un-til filled. A City application with cover letter, résumé and five work-related references required. Call (619) 258-4100 ext. 262 or visit www.ci.santee.ca.us for more information. The applicant selected will be subject to a criminal history investigation through the California Department of Justice.


Director of Public WorksRichmond, VA$98,838–$150,858 DOQThe Department has an operating budget of $60 million, a capital budget $37 million and 663 employees. The Director is responsible for leading the Department’s four Divisions: Finance and HR Administration, Engineering and Technical Services, Operations, and General Services. Candidates must possess the vision, customer service focus, and leadership needed to direct an urban public works operation, plus ten years of public works experience including five years at the Director or Deputy Director level. Submit letter of interest, salary history, and résumé ASAP, but no later than January 18, 2008 to: Mr. W.D. Hawkins, The Hawkins Company, 600 Corporate Pointe, Suite 1120, Culver City, California 90230; (310) 348-8800 x14; (310) 348-8844 (fax); [email protected]. EOE/ADA. For full profile go to www.the-hawkinscompany.com.

Assistant Director of Public Works - Operations & MaintenanceCary, ILThe Village of Cary (population 18,713), approximately 40 miles northwest of Chicago, is seeking qualified applicants to fill the position of Assistant Director of Public Works (Op-erations & Maintenance Division). Major duties and respon-sibilities of this position include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) Direct supervision of 15 staff members in the Village’s Operations & Maintenance Division; (2) Responds to and resolves public inquiries; (3) Oversees various depart-ment duties including utility management (storm sewer, sanitary sewer, streetlights), street repairs, building and ve-hicle maintenance; (4) Oversees various service programs, both in-house and contractual, including tree trimming, brush chipping, thermoplastic marking, snow removal, and right-of-way mowing; (5) Ensures the proper maintenance of equipment and tools; and (6) Performs any and all other duties as assigned. A full recruitment profile is available at www.caryillinois.com under “Job Opportunities.” The Assis-tant Director of Public Works (Operations & Maintenance Division) is a non-union position requiring, at a minimum, a high school diploma or GED equivalent, five (5) years of prior public works experience and supervisory training, and a Class B (CDL) license within six months of hire. Current salary range for the position is $72,080–$88,023. Qualified individuals interested in being considered for this position should send a letter, résumé, and three references to: Cris Papierniak, P.E., Director of Public Works, Village of Cary, 655 Village Hall Drive, Cary, IL 60013, (847) 639-0003, (847) 639-4963. The position will remain open until filled. Equal Opportunity Employer

City EngineerAshland, WIThe City of Ashland, Wisconsin (pop. 8,534) is seeking an experienced design professional for the position of City En-

gineer. Salary range: $58,000–$64,000 with an attractive ben-efit package. Located in northern Wisconsin on the shores of Lake Superior, Ashland offers a quaint and historic down-town, excellent beaches and boating, spectacular views, and proximity to the outstanding recreational opportunities of the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest and Apostle Is-lands National Lakeshore. This moderately progressive com-munity is rich in history, culture, and natural beauty and offers exceptional local schools. The City Engineer position plans, organizes, directs and reviews the activities of the City’s 10-person Engineering Division. Performs profession-al engineering work in the research, planning, design, en-gineering and construction of public infrastructure projects within the City of Ashland. Position requires regular contact with public officials, City staff, consultants, developers, con-tractors, and the general public in situations which require considerable tact and judgment. The preferred candidate will possess a bachelor’s degree in civil engineering with registra-tion as a Professional Engineer in the State of Wisconsin, or ability to obtain through reciprocity, and have five years of civil engineering practice which includes three years in design of transportation, utility, and drainage infrastructure, and three years of progressively responsible administrative and supervisory experience in the field. For complete job description and employment application, contact the Ash-land City Clerk’s Office: 601 Main Street West, Ashland, WI 54806. Phone: (715) 682-7071. The information is available on the City’s website at www.ci.ashland.wi.us. Interested candidates should send application, cover letter, completed Authorization and Release form, and résumé, postmarked no later than January 11, 2008.

Assistant Director of Public Works – TransportationFairfield, CA (pop. 105,000)The scenic, progressive and growing City of Fairfield, located midway between San Francisco and Sacramento in Solano County, seeks an experienced professional to serve as Assis-tant Director of Public Works – Transportation. This position provides leadership and direction for 10 employees with re-sponsibility for transportation planning, transit operations, and transportation and transit capital improvements. The Transportation Division operating budget is approximately $7 million. The ideal candidate possesses excellent interper-sonal and communication skills and a proven track record of building strong relationships with key internal and ex-ternal stakeholders including regional transportation agen-cies. Candidates experienced with transportation funding sources will be favorably considered. Bachelor’s degree in civil engineering or related field and five years of relevant experience required, including at least two years of admin-istrative and management responsibility. Registration as a CA professional civil engineer also required (out-of-state registered engineers must receive CA registration within one year of appointment). Experience in traffic engineering and knowledge of transit operations highly desirable. Sal-ary range: $115,548–$140,448 DOQ plus attractive benefit


plan (PERS 2.7% @ 55 retirement). Final filing date: Monday, January 14, 2008. Submit cover letter with current salary, résumé, and four work-related references to: Stuart Satow, CPS EXECUTIVE SEARCH, 241 Lathrop Way, Sacramento, CA 95815, (916) 263-1401, Fax (916) 561-7205, e-mail: [email protected]; recruitment brochure: www.cps.ca.gov/search; City website: www.ci.fairfield.ca.us.

City EngineerRio Rancho, NMUnder the direction of the Director of Public Works, the City Engineer is responsible for managing engineering planning, budgeting, design and construction of all public works; en-sures quality customer service and improves the quality of life of the community; and manages traffic control to en-sure safe and efficient pedestrian and vehicular movement throughout the city. All offers of employment are contin-gent upon successful results of a drug screen, criminal re-cords check, and verification of an insurable driving record and if appropriate, a physical examination. For further infor-mation, please see our website at www.ci.rio-rancho.nm.us. To apply you must complete an application online and fax to (505) 891-9183, or stop by Human Resources, 3200 Civ-ic Center Circle NE, Rio Rancho, New Mexico 87144. NO PHONE CALLS PLEASE.

Senior Civil EngineerIrvine, CAThe City of Irvine (population: 202,000) is a 65-square-mile city located in Orange County, California. Irvine, incorpo-rated in 1971, is an award-winning master-planned commu-nity, with top-rated educational institutions, an enterpris-ing business atmosphere, sound environmental stewardship and respect for diversity. We are seeking an accomplished and resourceful individual to fill a Senior Civil Engineer va-cancy within the Building and Safety Division of the Com-munity Development Department. The Senior Civil Engi-neer will perform advanced professional civil engineering tasks related to grading, such as performing complex and technical plan reviews for public or private land develop-ment. The successful candidate will also provide proactive project leadership and technical guidance to engineers, con-sultants, work groups and/or other staff. Position requires a bachelor’s degree in civil engineering or related field with five years professional engineering experience, or any com-bination of education and experience that provides equiva-lent knowledge, skills and abilities. Professional Registration as a Civil Engineer in the State of California is also required. Salary $71,466 to $107,198, plus excellent work/life bene-fits. For more information about this position and to apply online by January 31, 2008, please visit www.cityofirvine.org/jobs. EOE

www.apwa.net/congress

August 17–20, 2008 l New Orleans, LouisianaErnest N. Morial Convention Center


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Allianz Madvac Inc. introduces the new LT500 high-capacity litter collectorThe LT500 provides high-volume litter collection in hard-to-reach areas, virtually transforming the traditional manual litter picker into a highly automated litter collection system, leading to increased productivity. By significantly reducing fatigue causing injuries, litter picking has never been safer than with the LT500. The LT500 vacuums trash and litter from trash cans,

landfills, highways, parks and campgrounds, composting and recycling plants, streets, ditches, alleyways, racetracks, stadiums, ports, rail stations, zoos and many other hard-to-reach areas. Features include joystick-controlled robotic vacuum hose arm; ergonomically-designed operator cab that provides an unobstructed view; and straight-through suction with no restrictions. For more information call Allianz Madvac Inc. at (800) 862-3822 or send e-mail to [email protected].

New Model 245 Horizon heater now available from FirelakeTo add to their already expansive line of multi-oil heaters, Firelake has introduced the

new Horizon Model 245 to the market. The Model 245 features the same patented burner design and tubeless design that the Firelake name is known for. Firelake’s Horizon single-pass heaters are fueled by used crankcase oil, transmission and hydraulic fluids, as well as other petroleum-based lubricants. They are ideal for use in auto service centers and lube shops, auto dealerships, construction and fleet garages and any location that generates used oil. Their popularity is due to the fact that they reduce heating costs and eliminate waste oil disposal costs. More information is available at www.firelakemfg.com, by calling (866) 252-3757 or (540) 437-1203, or by e-mailing [email protected].

Dotworkz introduces D2-XC camera enclosure with patented Ring of Fire™ cold weather protectionDotworkz, a worldwide leader in surveillance video monitoring equipment and

design, has introduced its revolutionary new D2-XC camera enclosure equipped with the company’s patented Ring of Fire™ heating system. Able to prevent surveillance cameras from freezing in temperatures down to -40° F, the D2-XC is compatible with 99% of analog and IP PTZ (pan-tilt-zoom) cameras, including models from Pelco, Axis, Sony, Toshiba and Canon. Key to the success of the D2-XC is the Ring of Fire™ system. It provides constant warm airflow within the enclosure to safeguard the sophisticated electronics found in today’s surveillance cameras. Built-in defrosting removes snow and ice from the D2-XC’s lower dome that would otherwise obstruct the camera’s view, maintaining the ideal monitoring and recording setting. For more information call (866) 575-4689 or visit our website at www.dotworkz.com.

Koch Knight announces solutions for wastewater RTOsKoch Knight LLC, a leading innovator in corrosion-proof materials and environmental heat transfer equipment, announces its range of solutions for regenerative thermal oxidizers (RTOs) in municipal wastewater

treatment. Koch Knight’s patented FLEXERAMIC® ceramic structured packing is engineered to resist siloxane clogging and maximize RTO uptime. FLEXERAMIC structured packing is composed of corrugated ceramic sheets that are vertically aligned in the RTO bed, eliminating any horizontal surfaces that may create resistance to vapor flow. This geometric construction dramatically reduces the channeling of vapor and provides for more efficient contact of hot gases with the ceramic surface. For more information visit www.kochknight.com, call (330) 488-1651 or send e-mail to [email protected].

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Municipal EngineeringStormwater ManagementRoads & BridgesWastewater TreatmentWater Supply SystemsArchitectural ServicesLandscape ArchitectureParks & RecreationGeographic Information SystemsSurveying, Mapping, Construction Observation

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This 3-part Click, Listen & Learn series will address the ABC’s of readiness and response for public works including:

Training and Exercise (12/13/07)•Resource Management (1/31/08)•Reimbursement (3/20/08)•

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Symposium on Climate ChangeApril 9-10, 2008 • Tempe, AZ

Join us to explore mitigation and adaptation concepts impacting today’s public works departments, highlighting how local governments can impact the level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

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North American Snow Conference

April 13-16, 2008

Hydrologic & Hydraulic Studies

Wastewater Treatment Facilities

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MCP Industries Career OpportunitiesMfg. co. having locations in sev-eral states seeking qualified can-didates for Sales/Engineer for No. TX, AR, OK, No. LA. Qualifica-tions incl. bachelor’s degree (civil engineering or related field desir-able). Sales exp. in construction/infrastructure industries, i.e., underground utility contractors, dept. of sanitation. Desirable to have experience but willing to train into position. E-mail résumé to [email protected].

Mfg. co. having locations in sev-eral states seeking qualified can-didates for Civil Engineer/Pro-motional Rep/Sales Engineer for Arizona. Qualifications incl. bach-elor’s degree (civil engineering or related field desirable). Sales exp. in construction/infrastructure in-dustries, i.e., underground utility contractors, dept. of sanitation. Desirable to have exp. but will-ing to train into position. E-mail résumé to [email protected].

Trenchless TechnologyJanuary 10, 2008

Call: 1-800-848-APWA

If not properly managed, laying in new lines potentially can cause serious safety and economic risks. Find out how trenchless technology has expanded applications, can lower project costs and prevent damage. Whether repairing the existing utilities or installing new ones, there is a trenchless process for the job.

Topics include:

Reducing the costs •of underground pipe installation and renewal

Creating a better-•developed design approach for construction, replacement and/or repair of underground utilities

Improving quality control •through the specification and use of new, alternative equipments

(816) 333-9400 • [email protected]

Engineering and Construction Services for Municipalities


UPCOMING APWA EVENTSInternational Public Works Congress & Exposition2008 Aug. 17-20 New Orleans, LA2009 Sept. 13-16 Columbus, OH2010 Aug. 15-18 Boston, MA2011 Sept. 18-21 Denver, CO2012 Aug. 26-29 Indianapolis, IN2013 Aug. 25-28 Chicago, IL

For more information, contact Dana Priddy at (800) 848-APWA or send e-mail to [email protected].

North American Snow Conference2008 Apr. 13-16 Louisville, KY2009 Apr. 26-29 Des Moines, IA

For more information, contact Brenda Shaver at (800) 848-APWA or send e-mail to [email protected].

National Public Works Week: May 18-24, 2008Always the third full week in May. For more information, contact Jon Dilley at (800) 848-APWA or send e-mail to [email protected].

When you contact an advertiser regarding a product, please tell them you saw their ad in the APWA Reporter. Thanks! – The Editor

Legend: IFC = Inside Front Cover; IBC = Inside Back Cover; BC = Back Cover

INDEX OF ADVERTISERS

JANUARY 200810 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “Trenchless Technology,” (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net

16-17 APWA Advanced Construction Inspection Workshop, San Rafael, CA, (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net

17 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “The BEST from the San Antonio Congress: Aging Infrastructure Litigation—How to Prevent It; How to Defeat It!, (800) 848-APWA, www. apwa.net

22-25 World of Concrete, Las Vegas, NV, (866) 962-7469, www.concrete.org

31 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “TARGET Emergency Preparedness #2: DURING the Disaster—Resource Management,” (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net

FEBRUARY 20087 APWA web-based training, “The Black and White of Pavement #3: Construction of Quality Flexible and Rigid Pavements,” (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net

8-12 American Traffic Safety Services Association, Convention & Traffic Expo, New Orleans, LA, (800) 272-8772, www.atssa.com

11-14 American Rental Association, The Rental Show, Las Vegas, NV, (800) 334-2177, www.ararental.org

20-22 APWA Public Fleet Management Workshop, San Jose, CA, (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net

21 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “Water—A Precious Resource in Diminished Supply,” (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net

American Road & Transportation Builders Association, p. IBC

www.workzonesafety.org

ATL Disaster Recovery, Inc., p. 25www.atldisasterrecovery.com

Brandon Industries, Inc., p. 39www.brandonindustries.com

Buchart-Horn, Inc., p. 58www.bh-ba.com

Burns & McDonnell, p. 59www.burnsmcd.com

Central Parts Warehouse, p. 58www.centralparts.com

Dannenbaum Engineering Company, p. 58

www.dannenbaum.com

Designovations, Inc., p. 59www.designovations.com

Enterprise Information Solutions, p. 36

www.eRoadinfo.com

ESRI, p. 2www.esri.com/surveyanalyst

Gee Asphalt Systems, Inc., p. 58www.geeasphalt.net

Harris & Associates, p. BCwww.harris-assoc.com

Historical Bricks, p. 58www.historicalbricks.com

Holt Technologies, p. 59www.holttechnologies.com

Hubbell, Roth & Clark, Inc., p. 58www.hrc-engr.com

The Kelly Group Inc., p. 35www.thekellygroupinc.com

Manhole Adjustible Riser Co., p. 59www.manholeriser.com

MCP Industries, p. 59www.mcpind.com

Metal Forms Corporation, p. 59www.metalforms.com/ar

M.J. Harden Associates, Inc., pp. 47, 58

www.mjharden.com

NTech Industries, Inc., p. 58www.ntechindustries.com

PacifiCAD, p. 58www.pacificad.com

Paragon Partners Ltd., p. 58www.paragon-partners.com

Pulltarps Manufacturing, p. 58www.pulltarps.com

Sun Valley Lighting, p. 1www.sunvalleylighting.com

TMA Systems, p. 9www.tmasystems.com

TYMCO, Inc., p. 51www.tymco.com

Upper Iowa University, p. IFCwww.uiu.edu/apb

USABlueBook, p. 45www.usabluebook.com

WEST Consultants, Inc., p. 59www.westconsultants.com

The Willdan Group of Companies, pp. 6, 59

www.willdan.com

Use It...Save Lives!www.workzonesafety.org

American Road & Transportation Builders Association-Transportation Development Foundation 1219 28th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. • 202-289-4434 • 202-289-4435 (Fax)

This material is based upon work supported by the Federal Highway Administration under cooperative agreement No. DTFH61-06-H-00015.

harris-assoc.com

Program ManagementConstruction ManagementCivil Engineering Architecture Municipal Services

January 2008 APWA Reporter

Documents

Transcript of January 2008 APWA Reporter