A DoD Information Analysis CenterSponsored by JANNAF and DTIC

Vol. 37, No. 3 May 2011 News and Information for the Greater Propulsion Community

ContentsDecember 2011 JANNAF............................10

JANNAF Journal of Propulsion andEnergetics Order Form.................................11

Redstone Investigation Results......................12

Road Map Technology.....................................12

In Memoriam...................................................13

PEDCS Best Paper...........................................13

TTCP Achievements......................................14

New CPIAC Staff Members..........................16

Propulsion News Highlights.........................17

Recent CPIAC Products/Publications...........2Technical/Bibliographic Inquiries....................2Bulletin Board/Mtg.Reminders........................3JANNAF Meeting Calendar.......................back

JANNAF Gathers in Arlington for 58th Joint Propulsion Meeting and Subcommittee Meetings

For the last fi ve decades, the Joint Army-Navy-NASA-Air Force (JANNAF) Interagency Propulsion Committee has been fostering technical interchange within the propulsion community and this past April was no exception. JANNAF came home to the Washington D.C. area for the 58th JANNAF Propulsion Meeting (JPM) and 44th Combustion (CS), 32nd Airbreathing Propulsion (APS), 32nd Exhaust Plume and Signatures (EPSS), and 26th Propulsion Systems Hazards (PSHS) Subcommittee meetings. Mr. Jeremy R. Rice of the Army Research, Development and Engineering Command at Redstone Arsenal chaired the meeting.

Mr. Rice and the program committee planned a truly excellent conference this year, fully utilizing the proxim-ity to many decision makers in the D.C. metro area. As a result, attendees were honored to hear multiple distin-guished speakers which included Dr. Mark T. Maybury, Chief Scientist of the United States Air Force; Dr. Arthur A.

Mabbett, Program Manager, Tactical Technology Offi ce, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); Mr. Jose M. Gonzalez, Deputy Director, Land Warfare and Munitions Offi ce of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics; Mr. Roger Simpson, Program Manager, NASA Rocket Propulsion Test Program Offi ce; and Mr. Daniel L. Dumbacher, Special Assistant to the Associate Administrator, Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD), NASA.

In addition, 51 technical sessions, 6 workshops, 11 panel meetings, and 4 town meetings whetted attendees’ appetites for technical interchange. There were 463 individuals from the government, academia, and industry who participated in this year’s meeting, a strong showing despite the narrowly averted Government shutdown, a testament to the dedication and professionalism within the JANNAF community.

Volume 4 of the JANNAF Journal of Propulsion and Energetics is now Available!

Volume 4 of the JANNAF Journal was re-leased in April and distributed at the 2011 JPM. Topics include a special section on TacSat-2 Technology in addition to a variety of technical papers in the areas of Solid Pro-pulsion, Hybrids, and Modeling and Simu-lation. Order your copy of the journal by fi lling out the order form found on page 11, or by calling CPIAC Customer Service at 410-992-7300.

Th e journal editorial staff wishes to apol-ogize to Dr. Al Stern for the accidental re-moval of his biography from the listing of the journal’s Editorial Advisory Board. Dr. Stern has been an EAB member since the conception of the journal, and is very valu-able to the JANNAF community.

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Page 2 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

BIBLIOGRAPHIC INQUIRIES

TECHNICAL INQUIRIES

The Chemical Propulsion Information Analysis Center (CPIAC), a DoD Information Analysis Center, is sponsored and administratively managed by the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC). CPIAC is responsible for the acquisition, compilation, analysis, and dissemination of information and data relevant to chemical, electric, and nuclear propulsion technology. In addition, CPIAC provides technical and administrative support to the Joint Army-Navy-NASA-Air Force (JANNAF) Interagency Propulsion Committee. The purpose of JANNAF is to solve propulsion problems, affect coordination of technical programs, and promote an exchange of technical information in the areas of missile, space, and gun propulsion technology. A fee commensurate with CPIAC products and services is charged to subscribers, who must meet security and need-to-know requirements.

The Bulletin is published bimonthly and is available free of charge to the propulsion community. Reproduction of Bulletin articles is permissible, with attribution. Neither the U.S. Government, CPIAC, nor any person acting on their behalf, assumes any liability resulting from the use or publication of the information contained in this document, or warrants that such use or publication of the information contained in this document will be free from privately owned rights. Paid commercial advertisements published in the Bulletin do not represent any endorsement by CPIAC.

Editor: Ashley Hajnos410-992-7303, ext. 227; Fax 410-730-4969

E-mail: ahajnos@cpiac.jhu.edu

Copy Editor: Kristin Kerley

CPIAC Director: Dr. Edmund K. S. Liu The Johns Hopkins University/CPIAC

10630 Little Patuxent Parkway, Suite 202Columbia, Maryland 21044-3286

CPIAC is a JANNAF- and DTIC-sponsored DOD Information Analysis Center operated

by The Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering

under contract W91QUZ-05-D-0003http://www.cpiac.jhu.edu

Copyright © 2011The Johns Hopkins University

No copyright is claimed in works of theU.S. Government.

The content of the Bulletin is approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

CPIAC’s Technical/Bibliographic

Inquiry ServiceCPIAC offers a variety of services to its subscribers, including responses to

technical/bibliographic inquiries. Answers are usually provided within three working days and take the form of telephoned, telefaxed, electronic, or written technical summaries. Customers are provided with copies of JANNAF papers, excerpts from technical reports, bibliographies of pertinent literature, names of recognized experts, propellant/ingredient data sheets, computer programs and/or theoretical performance calculations. The CPIAC staff responds to nearly 800 inquiries per year from over 180 customer organizations. CPIAC invites inqui-ries via telephone, fax, e-mail, or letter. For further information, please contact Ron Fry by e-mail to rs_fry@jhu.edu. Representative recent inquiries include:

Recent CPIAC Products and Publications

JANNAF Journal of Propulsion and Energetics, Volume 4, April 2011.

JSC CD-62, JANNAF Airbreathing Propulsion Subcommittee Technical Sessions on Materials Structures for Airframe and Propulsion Systems, January 2011.

• Titan IV failures attributed to Castable Inhibitors (Req. 26969)• Minuteman III PRP Production Data (Req. 26975)• Schedule, Development & Time-to-Market of Large SRMs (Req. 27030)• Sensitivity of Ammonium Nitrate (AN) to Moisture (Req. 27040)• Selected Launch Vehicle/Stage Historical Data (Req. 27052)• Ullage and Separation Motors for several Launch Vehicles (Req. 27100)

• Verifying Thrust Vectoring (Req. 29657)• Explosives or Propellants to Dispersed Liquids (Req. 27024)• Methods to Estimate Slag Accumulation in SRM (Req. 27198)• SRM Induced Roll (Req. 27104)• Processing Conditions for Ammonium Nitrate Propellants (Req. 27219)• Accelerated Curing Methods for Polysulfi de (Req. 27226)

Page 3 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

Th e Bulletin Board Various propulsion-related meetings are listed below. If you know of an event that may be of interest to the propulsion community, please forward the details to bulletin@cpiac.jhu.edu. Additional industry meetings are posted on the CPIAC Web site, Meetings & Symposia: http://www.cpia.jhu.edu/templates/cpiacTemplate/meetings/. Th e Calendar of JANNAF Meetings appears on the back page.

Upcoming Meetings and EventsNDIA Environment, Energy Security, and Sustainability Symposium and Exhibition9–12 May 2011New Orleans, LouisianaPOC: http://e2s2.ndia.org/Pages/Default.aspx

37th International Pyrotechnics Seminar16-19 May 2011 Reims, FrancePOC: www.afpyro.org

International Infantry & Joint Services Small Arms Systems Symposium, Exhibition and Firing Demon-stration23-26 May 2011 Indianapolis, IndianaPOC: http://www.ndia.org/meetings/1610/Pages/de-fault.aspx

55th Annual Fuze Conference24-26 May 2011 Salt Lake City, UtahPOC: http://www.ndia.org/meetings/1560/Pages/de-fault.aspx

Energetic Materials Intelligence Seminar24 May 2011 Washington, D.C.

28th International Symposium on Space Technology and Science (ISTS)5-12 June 2011 Okinawa, JapanPOC: http://www.ists.or.jp/2011

5th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST)9-11 June 2011 Istanbul, TurkeyPOC: http://www.rast.org.tr

IM Technology Gaps Workshop20-24 June 2011Huage, The NetherlandsPOC: http://www.msiac.nato.int/

9th IAA Low-Cost Planetary Missions Conference21-24 June 2011Laurel, MarylandPOC: http://LCPM9.jhuapl.edu

APS Topical Conference on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter26 June- 1 July 2011 Chicago, IllinoisPOC: http://www.marquette.edu/aps2011/

2011 National Space & Missile Materials Symposium27-30 June 2011 Madison, WisconsinPOC: http://www.usasymposium.com/nsmms

42nd International Annual Conference on Energetic Materials28 June 2011 Karlsruhe, GermanyPOC: http://www.ict.fraunhofer.de/ (in German)

4th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences (EUCASS)4-8 July 2011 St. Petersburg, RussiaPOC: http://eucass.ru/cs/index.php/eu/2010

7th International Conference on Chemical Kinetics10-14 July 2011 Cambridge, MassachusettsPOC: http://web.mit.edu/ICCK/

International Colloquium on the Dynamics of Explo-sions and Reactive Systems (ICDERS)24-29 July 2011 Irvine, CaliforniaPOC: http://icders2011.eng.uci.edu/

Page 4 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

DISTINGUISHED SPEAKER SERIESThis meeting incorporated presentations given by fi ve

members of the JANNAF community.

“The Future of Air Force Propulsion”Dr. Mark Maybury gave a presentation on the future of

Air Force propulsion. As chief scientifi c adviser to the Chief of Staff and Secretary of the Air Force, Dr. Maybury pro-vides assessments on a wide range of scientifi c and technical issues affecting the Air Force mission. In his presentation he fi rst recalled the rich heritage of Air Force innovations, from the 1940s to the present. He then addressed the primary chal-lenge areas – economic, energy, and environmental. Aircraft development programs that he described included Adaptive Versatile Engine Technology, Highly Effi cient Embedded Turbine Engine, and Predator effi ciency enhancement. He also talked about spacecraft pro-grams including replacement of the RD-180 engine, Upper Stage Engine Technology risk reduc-tion, turbopump improvement, ionic liquid propellants, and com-bination electrical-chemical pro-pulsion. Partnering with industry and academia has been critically important in making progress toward achievement of the tech-nological objectives.

“Future Flight: Powered by DARPA”

Dr. Arthur A. Mabbett, Program Manager, Tactical Technology Offi ce, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) presented on “Future Flight: Powered by DARPA.” DARPA’s early techni-cal contributions were highlighted, beginning shortly after the Soviet technical surprise of Sputnik, which included the Saturn Rocket, the Internet, the F-117 and B-2 stealth aircraft, F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, the Predator, and contributions to hypersonic technology efforts of hypersonic fl ight demon-strator (HyFly), the X-51 Scramjet Engine Demonstrator and collaborative Australian/U.S. experiment HyCAUSE. Current activities were reviewed that included a Joint DARPA/Air Force Falcon Program to develop a rapid-strike hypersonic missile promising 1-hour global reach as well

as civilian reusable launch vehicle (RLV) and expendable launch vehicle (ELV) capabilities. Besides the hypersonic X-51 engine, other engine developments supporting Falcon include the turbine-based combined cycle engine technology (FaCET), and the Motor transition Demonstration (MoTr) both designed to seek sustained hypersonic fl ight above speeds of Mach 5 by vehicles using air-breathing, jet-fuel-powered engines. Dr. Mabbett currently manages the Vulcan program which will design, build, and ground test a Constant

Volume Combustion (CVC) tech-nology system that demonstrates a 20% fuel burn reduction for a new class of ship based hybrid turbine power generation engines and promising future applications to Mach 4+ air breathing engines. The talk closed with an excit-ing video clearly demonstrating pulse detonation engine (PDE) technology in a man-piloted test fl ight vehicle.

“Rocket Propulsion Testing—the Dynamic and Emerging Requirements vs. Capabilities”

Mr. Roger Simpson, NASA Rocket Propulsion Test (RPT) Program Manager, spoke on “Rocket Propulsion Testing—The Dynamic and Emerging Requirements vs. Capabilities.” Mr. Simpson provided an over-view of the RPT, created to ensure the capability of the nation’s rocket testing resources will support current and future test needs. NASA’s testing capa-bilities include 33 positions in 22 stands, but numerous positions are being transitioned to a moth-balled status, which will result in 24 positions in 19 stands remain-ing active. NASA is changing

the test program philosophy as it transitions from an opera-tional to a development environment. The new “Effi ciency, Effectiveness, Readiness, and Reliability Program” will focus on determining if the capabilities developed during operations are the same as those needed for development; creating more interchangeability between stands and NASA centers; changes to stands for reliability; managing more programs on fewer stands; and other changes to become more attractive to commercial customers.

“OSD Acquisition Perspectives”

JANNAF... continued from page 1

(continued on page 5)

Roger Simpson answers questions from attendees after his talk, “Rocket Propulsion Testing-the Dynamic and Emerging Requirements vs. Capabilities.”

Speaker Arthur Mabbett, CPIAC Director Ed Liu, Speaker Mark Maybury, and Meeting Chairman Jeremy Rice (left to right).

Page 5 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

Mr. Jose M. Gonzalez, Deputy Director, Land Warfare and Munitions Offi ce of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics, discussed OSD acquisition perspectives. Mr. Gonzalez is responsible for acquisition oversight and tech-nology advancement of tactical land warfare and conventional munitions programs. Discussion topics included an overview of the OSD/AT&L organization, budget perspectives, acquisition effi ciency initiatives, and munitions interest areas.

Mr. Gonzalez stressed the need to improve acquisition effi ciency in order to increase the warfi ghters capability without commensurate increase in the budget. OSD has laid out an effi ciency guidance roadmap that emphasizes acquisition effi ciency initiatives to target affordability and control cost growth, promote real competition, incentivize productivity and innovation in industry, improve tradecraft in acquisition of services, and reduce non-productive processes and bureaucracy.

“What is Needed to go Beyond Low Eath Orbit?”

Mr. Daniel L. Dumbacher, Special Assistant to the Associate Administrator, Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD), NASA Headquarters was the Distinguished Speaker for the Thursday morning JANNAF Distinguished Speaker Series. Mr. Dumbacher spoke on the topic: “What We Need To Go Beyond Low Earth Orbit.” His talk emphasized the current envi-ronment NASA faces, namely the need for affordability, as it pur-sues the goals of maximizing the use of current capabilities such as the International Space Station (ISS), executing innovative approaches to assure U.S. leader-ship in Low Earth Orbit (LEO),

and positioning the Agency to explore the inner solar system through a fl exible and respon-sive architecture. Mr. Dumbacher asserted that in order to close on affordability and shorten the development cycle, NASA must change its traditional approach to human space systems acquisition and development by seeking and expanding partnership activities, while realizing and leveraging innovation. Some of the key ele-ments of affordability are sum-marized in Fig. 1, presented by

Mr. Dumbacher.

TECHNICAL HIGHLIGHTSThis year’s JPM had a strong show-

ing from NASA with 5 of the 10 JPM sessions covering post-fl ight analysis of the Ares I-X test fl ight; a total of 77 papers covering a wide variety of topics including tactical propulsion systems, gun propulsion, vehicle sys-tems, fl ight dynamics, range safety, and testing were presented.

Combustion Subcommittee A strong technical program was

delivered by CS with 14 sessions comprised of 66 papers on ballistics, kinetics and combustion modeling, propellants and compositions, guns and mortars, diagnostics, and blast effects and phenomenology. Active participation by all segments of the JANNAF community was evident

with the program. Combustion Subcommittee panel meet-ings were held throughout the week. The Reactive Materials Panel was chaired by Dr. Barrie Homan of the Army Research Laboratory. The panel continues to plan for its 2nd Workshop on Reactive Materials which will be held this summer. In addition, Dr. Jason Jouet of the Naval Surface Warfare Center will begin tran-sitioning as the next panel chair-man. Dr. Richard Behrens of Sandia National Laboratory

JANNAF... continued from page 4

(continued on page 6)

Jose Gonzales speaks on OSD acquisition perspectives.

Daniel Dumbacher gives an intriguing talk on the requirements to go beyond low Earth orbit.

Figure 1. Key elements of aff ordability, a slide taken from Mr. Dumbacher’s presentation.

Page 6 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

and Dr. Fred Blomshield of the Naval Air Warfare Center co-chaired the Kinetic and Related Aspects of Propellant Combustion Panel meeting. The panel continues to foster technical progress in the development and understanding of new energetic ingredients and physico-chemical processes of propellant combustion.

The CS Fuels and Kinetics Panel welcomed a new chair-man in Dr. Balu Sekar of the Air Force Research Laboratory. The panel is currently defi ning new tasks and is working to develop a workshop on oxidative chemistry of new alterna-tive hydrocarbon fuels and their surrogates. The Flowfi eld Diagnostics Panel was chaired by Dr. Jeff Balla of NASA Langley Research Center. The panel continues to actively foster improved understanding of the capability and appli-cation of advanced diagnostics to combustion fl owfi elds. The CS supported three joint sessions with the Airbreathing Propulsion Subcommittee to promote sharing of knowledge on test methodologies and facilities.

Airbreathing Propulsion APS continued its long history of technical interchange

with 15 sessions, four workshops, and over 60 papers on scramjet propulsion systems, hypersonic fl ight research, dual-mode fl owpaths, combined cycles, pulse detonation, inlet distortion in turbine-based combined cycle engines, test facilities and methods, modeling, and a special session on the X-51 and TRESPALS hypersonic vehicles.

The Active Combustion Control Workshop, co-chaired by Mr. James Spurling of the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division and Mr. Jeff Donbar of the Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, defi ned the challenges and identifi ed technologies that may enable their solution. The third Pulse Detonation/Pressure Gain Combustion Workshop chaired by Dr. Joseph Doychak of the Offi ce of Naval Research made progress identifying methods to support rationale development of pressure gain combustion engines. The Thermal Management Workshop chaired by Dr. Paul Kennedy of AFRL WPAFB identi-fi ed best practices for software development, and reviewed the state-of-the-art tools, needs and opportunities. The Distortion Effects on TBCC Systems Workshop co-chaired by Ms. Heidi Wilkin of AFRL WPAFB and Dr. Ken Suder of NASA Glenn Research Center focused on understanding distortion applied to turbine-based combined-cycle systems, likely toolsets, and test and analysis methods.

APS technical panels met during the week. The Engine Test & Validation Panel is developing a 3rd Edition of Pub 710 on scramjet engine test standards; understanding test medium effects in high speed fl ow; and, identifying ways for developing TRL 6 large-scale, scramjet-based engines which exceed the available ground test infrastructure.

The Advanced Engine Cycle Panel seeks to address chal-lenges associated with each airbreathing engine cycles. The most active task involves the Pulse Detonation/Pressure Gain

Combustion engines. The Structures and Materials Panel identifi ed new tasks as a result of the workshop on Thermal Management Tools. The Component Level and Physical Modeling Panel is assembling a repository of vetted datas-ets for model validation purposes, establishing checklists for reporting computational fl ow dynamics results, and estab-lishing a quality database for validating large scale engine test developments. The Fuels Panel continues joint activities with CS and the Liquid Propulsion Subcommittee, involving the kinetics of liquid hydrocarbon fuels. Tasks unique to each technical community are being defi ned including fuel management issues for the APS. The Active Combustion Control Panel gained new focus by identifying tasks, mem-bership from their workshop.

The Town Meeting candidate topics for future work-shops: Large Scale Engine Development, Pressure Gain Combustion, Hydrocarbon Fuels, Thermal Management, and Active Combustion Control.

Exhaust Plume and SignaturesFor the second time, the EPSS successfully integrated

exhaust plume technology with aircraft signatures papers (formerly the SPIRITS Working Group) to form a robust technical program of 34 papers in 6 sessions including the topics of plume radiation transfer, model validation, fl ow-fi eld simulations, plume and signature phenomenology, hard body signatures, and code development and enhancements.

A majority of EPSS papers presented were the result of small business innovative research (SBIR) work on algo-rithm and model development, particularly in the areas of radiation transport and kinetics, to increase signature and fl owfi eld simulation accuracy. The tools developed by the community were expertly utilized by the government and contractors for a number of applications including reverse engineering using signature data to identifi cation of threats.

Long-time community members were particularly excited at this JANNAF meeting regarding the consistently favor-able comparisons of simulation results to measured data; the JANNAF codes have come a long way under the stewardship of the EPSS Collaborative Efforts panel and the efforts of small businesses.

Propulsion Safety and HazardsPSHS conducted a successful technical program of nine

sessions, with a total of 41 papers covering safety classifi ca-tion, insensitive munitions technology, impact- and shock-induced reactions, gun propellant vulnerability, and thermal decomposition of energetic materials. In addition, the PSHS Review of the Slow Cookoff Rate for Insensitive Munitions Testing Workshop was hosted by Dr. Brian Fuchs from the Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center and Dr. Kerry Clark from the Naval Ordnance Safety and Security Activity. This workshop brought the insensitive

JANNAF... continued from page 5

(continued on page 7)

Page 7 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

munitions community together to begin a dialogue on the appropriate heating rate(s) to realistically determine the response of munitions to slow cookoff.

Four PSHS panel meetings were conducted. At the Cookoff Hazards Panel meeting, results of a recent work-shop sponsored by The Technical Cooperation Program (TTCP) were shared. TTCP is an international organization that collaborates in defense-related technical information exchange, program harmonization, and shared research activities (For more on TTCP activities, please refer to the article on page 14.) Members of the Impact- and Shock-Induced Reactions Panel reviewed classifi ed information from recent attacks on U.S. forces in Iraq and Afghanistan, which indicated that bullet impact (BI) from 7.62mm ammunition is a more serious threat than BI from the more commonly tested .50-cali-ber ammunition. Follow-up activi-ties will comprise a survey of Army survivability data for information related to munitions response to both kinds of bullet threats, and engage-ment of the Joint Services Insensitive Munitions Technical Program, the Department of Defense Insensitive Munitions Integrated Program Team, and the Air Force intelligence community.

In the Insensitive Munitions (IM) Technology Panel meeting, good progress was reported in document-ing the history of IM Technology Development in the area of gen-eral purpose bombs and present-ing the information in a useful manner, namely quad charts. The next munitions areas on which the panel will focus are small rocket motors, artillery and mortar ammu-nition. Proposed changes to Joint Technical Bulletin TB 700-2, “Ammunition and Explosives Hazard Classifi cation Procedures,” were distributed to members of the Safety and Hazard Classifi cation Panel; participants were encouraged to forward any comments on the proposed changes to the panel chair.

Members of both the Cookoff Hazards and Insensitive Munitions Technology Panels plan to review proposed changes to NATO Allied Ordnance Publication (AOP) No. 39, “Guidance on the Assessment and Development of Insensitive Munitions.”

Other Subcommittees The Modeling and Simulation Subcommittee (MSS) was

represented at this meeting by Dr. Unmeel Mehta of NASA Ames and Dr. Dean Eklund of AFRL WPAFB and the fi fth workshop in a series to facilitate development of a JANNAF guide to simulation verifi cation, validation, and uncertainty quantifi cation. The MSS panel responsible for the workshop has been consistently meeting with other subcommittees in

order to bring modelers together to develop the consensus necessary for a JANNAF guide.

AWARDSDistinguished members of the

propulsion community were rec-ognized for their contributions to JANNAF.

The late Dr. Fred Billing, “scramjet, visionary, mentor, and friend,” was honored for his work in scramjet propulsion. The fi rst suc-cessful fl ight of a scramjet engine took place on 26 May 2010; a com-memorative photo was presented to Steve D’Alessio to take back to JHU/APL in dedication to Dr. Billing.

Phil Drummond of NASA Langley Research Center received an Executive Committee (EC) Lifetime Achievement award, presented by EC member Jim Taylor for over three decades of outstanding work in the JANNAF Combustion Subcommittee and TSG.

MEETING PROCEEDINGSMeeting proceedings for the

JPM and combined CS/APS/EPSS/PSHS Technical Meeting will be published separately and available

soon. Qualifi ed customers may contact CPIAC at 410-992-7300 for more information or to order proceedings.

FUTURE PLANSThe next joint meeting of these subcommittees is planned

for December 2012. The next JANNAF Subcommittee Meeting, which will include Liquid Propulsion, Spacecraft Propulsion, and Modeling and Simulation, will be held 5–9 December 2011 at the Huntsville Marriott in Huntsville, AL. More information on this meeting will be available shortly. Check the JANNAF Web site for updates: www.jannaf.org.

JANNAF... continued from page 6

Bob Mercier presents Steve D’Alessio (right) with a photo collage dedicated to the late Dr. Fred Billing. Th e collage is devoted to the X-51A, the fi rst scramjet to take fl ight on 26 May 2010.

Jim Taylor presents Phil Drummond (left) with an EC Lifetime Achievement Award.

JANNAF A endees Catch up

at the “Around the World” Social

Page 10 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

Don’t Miss the Next JANNAF Meeting!8th Modeling and Simulation, 6th Liquid Propulsion, 5th Spacecraft Propulsion

Joint Subcommittee Meeting

Date: 5–9 December 2011

Location: Huntsville Marriott, Huntsville, Alabama

Hotel Reservations: A limited number of hotel rooms have been reserved at the Huntsville Marriott; government at-tendees will be charged the prevailing per diem rate, while the rate for industry attendees will be $125.00. Free internet is available to all JANNAF attendees who book their room at the Huntsville Marriott before November 12, 2011. Reservations can be made by calling Marriott reservations at 1-888-299-5174.

Abstract Deadline: All abstracts are due to CPIAC by 13 June 2011

Questions: All technical questions should be addressed to the appropriate CPIAC technical representative:• MSS: Mr. Nick Keim, 443-718-5005 or nkeim@cpiac.jhu.edu• LPS: Mr. Peter Zeender, 443-718-5001 or pzeender@cpiac.jhu.edu• SPS: Mr. David Owen, 443-718-5006 or dowen@cpiac.jhu.edu

For all other matters related to this meeting, please contact Meeting Planner Patricia Szybist, 410-992-7302 or pats@jhu.edu.

8th Modeling and Simulation

6th Liquid Propulsion

5th Spacecraft Propulsion

Joint Subcommittee Meeting

December 5-9, 2011Huntsville Marriott Huntsville, Alabama

Abstracts Due June 13,2011

Visit jannaf.org for more information

Abstracts Due June 13,2011

Visit

DeHHHH

NASA

AIR FORCEARMY

NAVY

JANNAFINTERAGENCY PROPULSION

COMMITEE

Page 12 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

Road Map Technology

On Friday, February 20, 2011, Maj. Gen. Jim Rogers, Commanding General of AMCOM and Redstone Arsenal, announced the results of the investigation into the 5 May 2010 explosion at Building 7352, Test Area 10 on Redstone Arsenal, which resulted in the death of Amtec employees Jim Hawke and Jerry Grimes.

The investigation determined that the cause of the explo-sion was Amtec’s operation of a particular type of decanter centrifuge to process potentially explosive materials. The investigation found that the deaths were the result of Amtec personnel conducting decanter centrifuge tests involving potentially explosive materials as an attended operation instead of running the tests remotely.

Amtec was responsible for safety within Building 7352 pertaining to its operations. Amtec personnel selected, pur-chased, installed, and independently operated the decanter centrifuge. The investigation concluded that this type of cen-trifuge was unsuitable and unsafe for processing explosives. Responsible Amtec personnel did not develop safety proce-dures specifi c to the use of the centrifuge and exercised poor safety discipline.

Amtec employees were working on demilitarization oper-ations that involved Ammonium Perchlorate, an oxidizer used in solid rocket propellant. The goal was to develop the optimal process for achieving reclaimed dry AP at maximum volume. To separate the AP, Amtec was using n-Butanol, a solvent and type of alcohol, to dissolve away impurities from the AP.

AP and n-Butanol were mixed together to form a slurry. Amtec personnel were using a decanter centrifuge, which spins at high speed to remove the n-Butanol from the AP and to dry the AP. AP wet with n-Butanol has high chemical energy and can be explosive.

During the process on May 5, friction from rotating parts inside the decanter centrifuge generated enough heat to cause a mixture of AP and n-Butanol to ignite. The fl ame led to an explosion within the decanter centrifuge causing fragmentation and ultimately producing an intense fi reball that engulfed personnel present in the building.

The investigation also found that there was inadequate verifi cation of Amtec’s compliance with safety and techni-cal requirements by responsible Army personnel.

As a result of this tragedy and investigation, Army orga-nizations on Redstone Arsenal are taking actions that will improve their ability to verify contractor compliance with safety requirements. These actions include:

» Evaluating current contract requirements and safety methods;

» Taking steps to ensure that contractors operating on Army property do not begin explosives operations with new equipment in Army facilities without active government knowledge;

» Enhancing our capability to monitor explosives oper-ations performed on Redstone Arsenal; and

» Incorporating lessons learned from this accident in future safety training modules.

“What happened here on May 5th was tragic. Our thoughts and prayers are still with the family and friends of Jim Hawke and Jerry Grimes,” said Rogers. “They lost loved ones that day, we lost two valued team members.

“In memory of Jim and Jerry, their families and for all of Team Redstone, I promise that we will do everything we can to improve our overall safety. We will take steps to ensure that accidents like this one, that took the lives of two great Americans, will never happen again,” said Rogers.

The full press release may be found online at http://www.theredstonerocket.com/node/312.

Redstone Announces Inves ga on Results

The Chemical Propulsion Information Analysis Center (CPIAC) attended the Public Meeting held by the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board (ASEB) of the National Research Council (NRC) 21–24 March 2011 at Caltech in Pasadena, CA. The ASEB has appointed a steering committee and six panels to solicit external inputs and evaluate draft versions of Space Technology Area Roadmaps created by the NASA Offi ce of the Chief Technologist (OCT). The study committee is tasked to prioritize the technologies in the roadmaps and consider if additional technologies should be included.

The scope of the technologies to be considered includes those that address the needs of NASA’s exploration systems, Earth and space science, and space operations mission areas, as well as those that contribute to critical national and commer-cial needs in space technology. CPIAC Director Ed Liu and Senior Technical Staff Member Ron Bates supported ASEB’s Propulsion and Power Panel meeting, which reviewed the TA01 - Launch Propulsion Systems, TA02 - In-Space Propulsion Technologies, the TA03 - Space Power and Energy Storage and TA13 - Ground and Launch Systems Processing roadmaps. Additional input from CPIAC’s Technical Staff was provided to ASEB through roadmaps@nas.edu.

Page 13 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

Th is is a paid advertisement. Postings should not be taken as support or endorsement of any kind by CPIAC.

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In Memoriam Daweel J. “Dewey” George died in his Lancaster home on March 11, 2011 at the age of 73. During his 50-year aerospace career, he

developed rocket propulsion and combus on technologies for the space shu le, Cassini probe to Saturn, and the Strategic Defense Ini a ve. He a ended the University of Arizona on a music scholarship, and graduated cum laude with a B.S. in mechanical engineer-ing. Dewey received his M.S. at Ohio State University, and his Ph.D. at UCLA, both in mechanical engineering. He also received a degree from the UCLA Graduate School of Management Execu ve Program.

Dewey worked at the Air Force Research Laboratory at Edwards, AFB for 32 years, re ring as Chief, Propulsion Plans and Programs. He was honorably discharged from the Air Force as a 1Lt in 1964, and was awarded the Department of Defense Outstanding Career Medal in 1992.

A er re ring from the military, Dewey worked at The Aerospace Corpora on for 18 years. Dewey was an ac ve member of JANNAF and the Knights of Columbus for many years.

Th e Technical Steering Groups of the various JANNAF subcommittees select the best papers presented at their meetings in order to increase public recognition of the exceptional work accomplished by JANNAF participants. Specifi c titles of papers are not published due to possible sensitivity.

JANNAF Subcommittee Meeting Topic Area Authors of Best-in-Session Papers

36th Propellant and Explosives Development and Characterization Subcommittee, December 2010

Liquid Propellants

B.D. Prince and Y.H. Chiu, Air Force Research Laboratory, Hanscom AFB, MA, and T.W. Hawkins, Air Force Research Laboratory, Edwards AFB, CA

Page 14 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

The Achievements of The Technical Coopera on Program Weapons Technical Panel for Energe c Materials and Propulsion

By Stuart BlashillNaval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division, China Lake, CA

The Technical Cooperation Program (TTCP) promotes and enables international cooperation and collaboration in basic research, applied research, and technology development for the science and technology areas necessary for conventional (non-atomic) national defense. This includes the examination of con-cepts prior to development of specifi c weapons; collaborative research; sharing of data, personnel, equipment, material and facilities; joint tests and exercises; and advanced technology dem-onstrations. TTCP provides a framework that scientists, engineers, and technologists can use to share information among one another in a quick and easy fashion. The process avoids unnecessary dupli-cation, promotes concerted action and joint research to identify and close important gaps in the collective technology base, and provides participants with the best technical information available.

The Technical Panel (TP) that focuses on Energetic Materials and Propulsion Technologies (TP-4) within TTCP’s Conventional Weapons Technology Group (WPN) includes many JANNAF par-ticipants and has been one of the most productive and honored pan-els within TTCP. During the past decade, TP-4 has received TTCP scientifi c achievement awards for projects, called Key Task Areas (KTAs) on “Failure Analysis of Rocket Motors on Pressurization” (2001), “Red Phosphorus for Pyrotechnics” (2004), “Mechanical Aging of Solid Rocket Motors” (2006), “Fundamentals and Performance Assessment of Enhanced Blast Explosives” (2009), and “Development of Environmental Threshold Values for Defense Sites Contaminated with Energetic Materials” (2010). In addition, a KTA for a “Propulsion Design Optimization Tool” received a Letter of Commendation from WPN in 2008.

TTCP is governed by a Memorandum of Understanding between the United States, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand. However, New Zealand rarely participates in WPN and does not participate in TP-4. The path to the current TTCP structure began in 1957 when the President of the United States and the Prime Minister of Great Britain made a “Declaration of Common Purpose,” which included the following statement: “The arrangements which the nations of the free world have made for collective defense and mutual help are based on the recognition that the concept of national self-suffi ciency is now out of date. The countries of the free world are inter-dependent and only in genu-ine partnership, by combining their resources and sharing tasks in many fi elds, can progress and safety be found. For our part we have agreed that our two countries will henceforth act in accor-dance with this principle.”

The Tripartite Technical Cooperation Program—the original TTCP—was formed shortly thereafter when the Canadian gov-ernment endorsed that statement. At this time, the Combined Policy Committee, begun during WWII, was reformed and its sub-committee on Non-Atomic Military Research and Development (NAMRAD) was established; NAMRAD was made up of the heads of the defense research and development organizations of the U.S., Great Britain, and Canada. Australia joined NAMRAD in 1965

with New Zealand coming aboard in 1969. At this time, TTCP, led by NAMRAD, was renamed The Technical Cooperation Program.

Government employees can participate in all aspects of TTCP. This includes attending the annual meetings and technical work-shops and contributing to the KTAs. Contractors can also partici-pate in and contribute to workshops and KTAs.

At the moment, there are 11 groups within TTCP: Aerospace Systems; Command, Control, Communications and Information Systems; Chemical, Biological and Radiological Defence; Electronic Warfare Systems; Human Resources and Performance; Joint Systems and Analysis; Land Systems; Maritime Systems; Materials and Processes Technology; Sensors; and WPN. Each group consists of Actions Groups (AGs) and TPs. The AGs are short-lived, tasked for a specifi c purpose, and recommend avenues for future collaboration within TTCP, while TPs are more long-lasting and cover broader areas. Within WPN, there are current AGs for Managed Lethality and Novel Weapons Technology and TPs for Terminal Effects (TP-1), Weapons Launch and Flight Dynamics (TP-2), Guidance, Control and Fuzing Technology (TP-7), Weapon Systems and Concepts (TP-8) and TP-4.

Technical areas covered by TP-4 include ingredients, critical materials, emerging technologies, rocket propellant and propul-sion, explosives and applications, pyrotechnics and applications, gun propellant and propulsion, airbreathing propulsion, detonics, hazards assessment, environmental and health aspects, and service life management. As noted previously, this is a broad spectrum of technologies. In order to more readily respond to immediate needs as well as to prepare for future requirements, the panel focuses at any one time on a more limited number of topics. Currently, these are insensitive munitions, high speed propulsion, advanced gun propulsion, contaminants related to emerging future munitions, pyrotechnics, and homemade explosives, with the latter two begin-ning in 2011.

KTA 4-23, “Failure Analysis of Rocket Motors on Pressurization,” developed experimental and analytical tech-niques to predict the failure of solid rocket motor grains under ignition-pressurization conditions. This increased the accuracy of predicted motor service life, providing warfi ghters, program man-agers, and motor designers increased assurance of motor safety and the potential for life extension. Stress analysis and material characterization techniques were developed to predict propellant cracking; the predictions were verifi ed through testing of analog motors instrumented with miniature bond stress sensors.

KTA 4-27, “Red Phosphorus for Pyrotechnics,” determined the sources of the safety and reliability problems associated with procurement, processing, storage, and use of red phosphorus-based pyrotechnic devices. KTA-27 advanced the understanding of the instability (reactivity) and degradation of red phosphorus. This enabled the development and manufacturing of new grades of red phosphorus for military pyrotechnic applications, and a new source was developed ensuring a continuing supply of this

(continued on page 15 )

Page 15 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

critical chemical. The “Design Guide for Munitions Containing Red Phosphorus” was published to enable designers and manufac-turers to deliver red phosphorus munitions with greater reliability, safety, performance and service life. This guide has been released to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

The award for KTA 4-29-01, “Mechanical Aging of Solid Rocket Motors,” was made for a signifi cant contribution to the development and application of prognostic modeling capabilities and embedded sensor technologies, which improved the understanding and prediction of solid rocket motor failures due to mechanical damage. Important state-of-the-art advances were made in rocket motor structural integrity assessment, while embedded sensor technology was increased in technical maturity to the point that weaponization has become feasible. The published “Best Practices and Lessons Learned for Sensor Applications in Solid Rocket Motors,” enables designers and manufacturers to deliver weapons systems with greater reliability, safety, perfor-mance, and service life.

KTA 4-30-03, “Propulsion Design Optimization Tool,” devel-oped missile propulsion system design synthesis tools to allow the principal physical and performance properties of a propulsion system to be rapidly determined based on a set of performance requirements and geometric constraints. A ramjet design synthe-sis tool that can represent a range of practical liquid-fueled ram-jet and ducted rocket confi gurations applicable to weapon sys-tems was developed, validated, and documented. A less-complex scramjet tool was also produced and validated. Each of these will signifi cantly reduce the amount of time required to conduct initial weapon concept design trade studies.

KTA 4-35-06, “Fundamentals and Performance Assessment of Enhanced Blast Explosives,” was recognized for demonstrat-ing the scientifi c and military engineering advantages of a perfor-mance prediction capability for enhanced blast explosive technol-ogy. A scientifi c, diagnostic, and modeling consortium was cre-ated to implement the largest-ever international multi-laboratory test database and the scaled-up, novel enhanced blast explosive fi eld trials for the development of physical models, enhancement of hydrocodes, and guidance for the design of next-generation blast weapons and protection. Results provide both knowledge and technological advantages for front-line blast weapon capabilities and enemy threat mitigation.

KTA 4-32-04, “Development of Environmental Threshold Values for Defense Sites Contaminated with Energetic Materials,” received the award for signifi cant contributions to collaborative research to advance knowledge and understanding of ecotoxi-cology of energetic materials and to improve the ecological risk assessment of testing and training ranges at defense installations in TTCP nations. Scientifi cally-based environmental tolerance values and bioaccumulation data for explosives, propellants, and related energetic materials were developed in this project for use by site managers as decision-making tools to assess the exposure risks at each site and to ensure the management of these facilities as sustainable resources. The data developed in this project have been made internationally available by publication of the book Ecotoxicology of Explosives (ISBN: 978-0-8493-2839-8). Sharing of scientifi c expertise led to successful collaborative studies as evi-denced by the joint publications in multiple peer-reviewed jour- Book published on work under KTA 4-32.

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Screenshot from Propulsion Design Optimization Tool.

Analytical and experimental results from KTA 4-23.

TTCP...continued from page 14

nal articles, technical reports, and presentations at national and international professional meetings.

Further information on this KTA and the related KTA 4-28 on “Protocol for EM-Contaminated Site Characterization” can be found at http://www.em-guidelines.org/. Additional information on TTCP can be found at http://www.dtic.mil/ttcp/ or by contact-ing Stuart Blashill, TP-4 U.S. National Lead, at 760-939-7991 or stuart.blashill@navy.mil.

Page 16 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

CPIAC Welcomes New Employees

MACH I, Inc.

340 East Church Road • King of Prussia, PA 19406610-279-2340 • Fax: 610-279-6605e-mail: machi@machichemicals.com • www.machichemicals.com

25 years ago, the initial concept for MACH I, Inc. was established during a conference at ARCO Chemical Co. presenting its Poly bd® Resin state of the art HTPB solid propellant binder polymer. Soon afterwards, a team of world class scientists left ARCO and formed a new company, MACH I as a high technology performance chemical company providing innovative products and research services to the defense and aero-space industries. Since then, for the past 25 years, MACH I has worked hard to achieve these goals as wellas provide outstanding customer service. We thank each and everyoneof you and look forward to a bright future for Your business and Ours.

USA Propulsion Community Leaders in 1985

Th is is a paid advertisement. Postings should not be taken as support or endorsement of any kind by CPIAC.

CPIAC recently welcomed two new employees to the administrative and IT staff.

Joe Skrodzki, Research Service Analyst, joined CPIAC’s administrative staff on March 1, 2011. He will be responsible for budgeting, payroll, and all other fi nancial-related issues.

Joe graduated from the University of South Carolina with a degree in business man-agement and fi nance. He is cur-rently pursuing his Master of Business Administration at the Carey Business School of The Johns Hopkins University.

Joe can be reached at 410-992-7304 ext. 232 or by e-mail to jskrodzki@cpiac.jhu.edu.

Kristin Kerley joined CPIAC’s IT staff on May 2, 2011 after a two-year internship at the U.S. Army Research Lab, Pub-lic Affairs. She will be working as the Copy Editor for publica-tions such as the CPIAC Bul-letin and the JANNAF Journal.

Kristin graduated from the University of Maryland, Uni-versity College with a degree in English. She is currently pursu-ing a master’s degree in Public Relations Management.

Kristin can be reached at 410-992-7303, ext. 219 or by e-mail to kkerley@cpiac.jhu.edu.

We hope you will join us in welcoming Joe and Kristin to CPIAC!

Joe Skrodzki (left) and Kristin Kerley.

Page 17 CPIAC Bulletin/Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2011

Propulsion News HighlightsFour fi rms plan to get the most out of NASA investment (4-25-2011)Source: Spacefl ight Now

The four companies granted almost $270 million by NASA last week face an orchestrated series of hardware tests, design milestones and government reviews of their privately-developed spacecraft over the next year, according to documents released by NASA.

Each fi rm will receive their funding in payments at specifi c mile-stones set by the company and agreed to by NASA. The milestones include achievements like engineering reviews, propulsion testing and assembly of prototype hardware through May 2012.

Boeing received the largest Commercial Crew Development award, an agreement valued at $92.3 million, to fi nish the prelimi-nary design of the CST-100 capsule, a back-to-basics spacecraft solely designed for up-and-down trips to the International Space Station and other destinations in low Earth orbit.

Full Press Release: http://www.spacefl ightnow.com/news/n1104/25ccdevgoals/

SLS planning focuses on dual phase approach opening with SD HLV (4-25-2011)Source: NASA Spacefl ight.com

Uncertainty over the confi guration of the Space Launch System (SLS) Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle (HLV) may soon come to a close – at least for the interim – with a plan solidifying for using a 70mt Shuttle De-rived (SD) HLV to perform a handful of fl ights, while another “open competition” for the main “Phase 2 HLV decides on the confi guration of the launch vehicle for the Beyond Earth Orbit (BEO) missions in the next decade.

While commercial cargo and crew supply lines to the International Space Station (ISS) continue to press towards being up and running by the middle of this decade, NASA’s next fl agship launch vehicle has been bogged down by studies and political brinkmanship, mostly from within the Agency itself.

At an engineering level, the RAC (Requirements Analysis Cycle) studies are coming to a close, with three teams working on potential LV architecture which has a focus on a sustainable path towards the sending humans beyond Low Earth Orbit (LEO) to destination which continue to sway between the Moon and Near Earth Objects (NEOs), with the eventual main goal of manned missions to Mars.

Full Press Realease: http://www.nasaspacefl ight.com/2011/04/sls-planning-dual-phase-approach-open-ing-sd-hlv/

SpaceX not allowed to dock with ISS until safety proven – Roscosmos (4-22-2011)Source: RIA Novosti

Russia will not permit the fi rst U.S. commercial spacecraft to dock with the International Space Station (ISS) unless its safety is fully tested, a high-ranking Russian space offi cial said on Friday.

The statement comes in the wake of media reports that the spacecraft’s designer, U.S. company SpaceX, re-quested NASA to authorize the docking in December.

“We will not issue docking permission unless the nec-essary level of reliability and safety [of the spacecraft] is proven. So far we have no proof that those spacecraft duly comply with the accepted norms of spacefl ight safe-ty,” said Alexei Krasnov, who heads the manned space-fl ight department of Russia’s space agency Roscosmos.

Full Press Release: http://en.rian.ru/russia/20110422/ 163657154.html

Artist’s concept of Sierra Nevada’s Dream Chaser space plane launching on an Atlas 5 rocket.

Phot

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International Space Station (ISS).

Phot

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Calendar of JANNAF Meetings8th Modeling and Simulation Subcommittee (MSS)/ 6th Liquid Propulsion Subcommittee (LPS)/ 5th

Spacecraft Propulsion Subcommittee (SPS) Joint Meeting

December 5–9, 2011 Huntsville Marriott, Huntsville, AL Deadlines:

Call for Papers: May 2011Abstracts to CPIAC: 13 June 2011Hotel Reservations: 12 November 2011. Reservations can be made by calling Marriott reservations at 1-888-299-5174. Please refer to JANNAF when making your reservations to ensure the negotiated rate.

Additional details will be available shortly. Visit www.jannaf.org for updates.

For additional information on the above JANNAF meetings, contact CPIAC Meeting Planner Pat Szybist at 410-992-7302, ext. 215, or or by e-mail to pats@jhu.edu

Visit the JANNAF Web site for meeting updates: www.jannaf.orgPolicy on Non-Government Attendees at JANNAF Meetings. Attendance at JANNAF meetings for non-government employees is restricted to U.S. citizens only and whose organizations are 1) registered with the Defense Logistics Information Service (DLIS) AND 2) have a government contract registered with the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC). If the government contract is not registered with DTIC, the attendee’s registration form can be certifi ed by a sponsoring government offi cial from one of the participating JANNAF agencies. Additional information concerning registrations with DLIS and DTIC can be obtained by contacting DLIS at 1-800-352-3572 (www.dlis.dla.mil/jcp/) or DTIC at 1-800-225-3842 (www.dtic.mil/dtic/registration/index.html).

SPP’08™ The Standard in Solid Motor Performance Prediction

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Th is is a paid advertisement. Postings should not be taken as support or endorsement of any kind by CPIAC.