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Transcript of Janet Hope
Model-mongering inbiotech R&D:
the “open source”analogy
Janet HopeJanet HopePostdoctoral Fellow, ANUPostdoctoral Fellow, ANU
Braithwaite and Drahos (2000): Global Business Regulation
Source http://assets.cambridge.org/052178/4999/cover/0521784999.jpg/
OverviewOverview
What is open source?What is open source?
Generalizing the open source modelGeneralizing the open source model
OverviewOverview
What is open source?What is open source?
Generalizing the open source modelGeneralizing the open source model
Source code
Object code
Compiler/interpreter program
Human-readable
Machine-readable(a.k.a. binary, executable)
What is open source? – source code
Source: http://www.akia.co.jp/support/mb77v537/README4.gif
What is open source? – closed source
Source Wikipedia
What is open source? – closed source
Peter Norton Computing, Inc.
VisiCorp
Word Perfect Corporation
What is open source? – free software
Source:www.paco.net.ua/~indexless/wwg/chacker/
What isWhat is ““freefree”” software?software? Users are free to:Users are free to:
Run the program for any purposeRun the program for any purpose Study how it works and adapt to specific needsStudy how it works and adapt to specific needs Redistribute copiesRedistribute copies Improve the program and release improvementsImprove the program and release improvements
= Access + legal freedoms= Access + legal freedoms
What is open source? – free software
Copyleft: “all rights reversed”.
What is open source? – copyleft licensing
Source:data.pg2k.hd.org/_exhibits/memes/_more2002/_more02/copyleft
What is open source? – the GPL
“GNU’s Not UNIX”
Source: www.kernelconcepts.de/products/pins.shtml
What is open source? – Linux
Linus Torvalds
Source:news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/business/newsid_643000/643711.stm
The cathedral and the bazaar
What is open source? –the “bazaar”
Source: www.illuminata.com/public/content/cathedral/intro.htm
What is open source? – the “bazaar”
Source:http://www.funkypancake.com/blog/stuff2/DSC09352.jpg
Science as a jigsaw puzzle
Commercial applicationsCommercial applications Cost sharing: access to improvements madeCost sharing: access to improvements made
at othersat others’’ expenseexpense
Larger market for complementary goods orLarger market for complementary goods orservicesservices
Enhanced reputation and learning capacityEnhanced reputation and learning capacity
Competitive effectsCompetitive effects
What is open source? – business strategies
OverviewOverview
What is open source?What is open source?
Generalizing the open source modelGeneralizing the open source model
What is open source? – “free” versus “open source”
Source:http://www.opensource.org/trademarks/opensource/web/opensource-110x95.png
Licensees are permittedLicensees are permitted…… To use the technology for any purpose;To use the technology for any purpose;
To make copies and sell or otherwise distributeTo make copies and sell or otherwise distributethem without payment of royalties to licensor;them without payment of royalties to licensor;
To create derivative works and sell or otherwiseTo create derivative works and sell or otherwisedistribute them without payment of royalties todistribute them without payment of royalties tolicensor;licensor;
To access the source code.To access the source code.
What is open source? – “free” versus “open source”
OverviewOverview
What is open source?What is open source?
Generalizing the open source modelGeneralizing the open source model
OverviewOverview
What is open source?What is open source?
Generalizing the open source modelGeneralizing the open source model
Key features of open source:Key features of open source:
Credible commitmentCredible commitment
CompetitionCompetition
CopyleftCopyleft
Translating the open source model
Key features of open source:Key features of open source:
Credible commitmentCredible commitment
CompetitionCompetition
CopyleftCopyleft
Translating the open source model
Key features of open source:Key features of open source:
Credible commitmentCredible commitment
CompetitionCompetition
CopyleftCopyleft
Translating the open source model
Key features of open source:Key features of open source:
Credible commitmentCredible commitment
CompetitionCompetition
CopyleftCopyleft
Translating the open source model
Key features of open source:Key features of open source:
Credible commitmentCredible commitment
CompetitionCompetition
CopyleftCopyleft
Translating the open source model
OverviewOverview
What is open source?What is open source?
Generalizing the open source modelGeneralizing the open source model
Model-mongering inbiotech R&D:
the “open source”analogy
Janet HopeJanet HopePostdoctoral Fellow, ANUPostdoctoral Fellow, ANU