Janelle Noel, M.S. KUMC Biostatistics Ph.D. Graduate Student
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Transcript of Janelle Noel, M.S. KUMC Biostatistics Ph.D. Graduate Student
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A Unique Summer Experience Without Traditional Course Work:
Balancing an Internship and Additional Research
Janelle Noel, M.S.KUMC Biostatistics Ph.D. Graduate Student
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Outline• Process of Obtaining an Internship• The Internship
– Life as an Intern• Daily Schedule• Expectations
– Projects
• GRA Project• Work-School-Life Balance • Most Valuable Lessons Learned
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Process of Obtaining an Internship
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Process of Obtaining an Internship: Where should you look for an internship?
• Watch for emails that go out from the department
• American Statistical Association’s webpage– www.amstat.org
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Process of Obtaining an Internship: Where should you look for an internship?
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Process of Obtaining an Internship: Where should you look for an internship?
• Watch for emails that go out from the department
• American Statistical Association’s webpage– www.amstat.org
• Indeed, LinkedIn, and/or Career Builder
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Process of Obtaining an Internship: Where should you look for an internship?
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Process of Obtaining an Internship: Where should you look for an internship?
• Watch for emails that go out from the department• American Statistical Association’s webpage
– www.amstat.org
• Indeed, LinkedIn, and/or Career Builder• Look at websites from specific company
– Research Triangle companies– Pharmaceutical companies: Novartis, Eli Lilly, Bayer,
etc.– Hospital networks and other medical associations
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Process of Obtaining an Internship: When should you look for an internship?
• Don’t wait!• Announcements for summer internships come
out as soon as November – Application deadlines are usually in late December
or early January
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Process of Obtaining an Internship: What should you have prepared?
• Cover letter– General – Specific for each company
• Résumé/ Curriculum vitae (C.V.)• Personal statement• Questions for future employer/company• Answers to common interview questions
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Process of Obtaining an Internship: Once accepted, what steps do you need to take to
make it a reality?Step 1: Tell the necessary people
Step 2: Get a game plan!– Where will you live?– How will you get there?– Determine finances/budget– Create a timeline
Step 3: Organize your materials
Step 4: Continue to have open communication with your future boss/company until your start date
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PRIMARY RESEARCH TEAM
HOME
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The Internship
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The Internship• The Children’s Hospital Association
(CHA)– Legacy companies
1. Children Health Corporation of America (CHCA)
2. National Association of Children’s Hospitals and Related Institutions (NACHRI)
Two Campuses:1. Overland Park, KS
2. Washington, D.C.
CEO: Mark Wietecha, M.S., M.B.A
Mission Statements: “We are committed to improving access to quality care, reducing costs and keeping the unique needs of children at the forefront of health care reform implementation.”
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The InternshipTitle: Analyst Intern
Company Branch: Statistical Solutions
Research Team:
Matt Hall, Ph. D.(Principal Biostatistician)
Troy Richardson, Ph. D.(Biostatistician)
Jay Berry, M.D., M.P.H.(Research Clinician/Assistant Professor)
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The Internship: OverviewDuration: 12 weeks
Day 1: Orientation
Week 1: Compliance, IT, Exploring datasets, and learning the ICD-9 coding system
Week 2: PI in-person visit
Week 3 :
…
Week 10:
Weeks 11/12: Documenting/Summarizing progress and verifying codes
programming, literature reviews, conference calls, weekly meetings, projects, learning their corporate culture, making caffeinated coffee, eating fruit & nuts, and introducing myself to
100+ people
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Life as an Intern: Daily Schedule
Time Activity7:00 a.m. – 8:00a.m. Arrive, make coffee, read emails, read The CHAT,
and the occasional conference call
8:00 a.m. – 10:00 a.m. Working on task for the day
10:00 a.m. – 10:30 a.m. Weekly meetings, company meetings, grab a snack from the bistro
10:30 a.m. - 11:30 a.m. Working on task for the day
11:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Lunch ( Lunch was provided on Wednesdays )
12:30 p.m. – 2:00p.m. Working on task for the day
2:00 p.m. – 3:00 p.m. Popular conference call hour on any given day
3:00 p.m. – 4:00 p.m. Working on task for the day and summarizing the day
4:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. Leave for the day
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Life as an Intern
Expectation Prior to Internship
Reality
Complete a project Complete an aim of a project and work on multiple side projects
Structured days Flexible schedule
Work at a cubicle Work in an office
Conference calls are not awkward Conference calls can actually be fairly awkward
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Project I: AHRQ R21 GrantBackground:• Individuals living with multiple chronic conditions
(MCC) – receive inadequate quality of health care – experience suboptimal health outcomes
• Health care systems are poorly designed to provide high quality of care for children with multiple chronic conditions (CMCC) and their families.
• Relevant to public health – rapidly advance our understanding of the U.S. population of CMCC
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Project I: AHRQ R21 GrantPrimary Aim: Adapt a publicly available, comprehensive diagnosis
classification scheme developed by AHRQ to count the number of chronic conditions, name each chronic condition, and describe the combinations of chronic conditions endured for each CMCC.
Data: Healthcare Costs and Utilization Kid’s Inpatient Database 2009 (HCUP KID) and Medicaid data from Truven Health Analytics (2009-2012)• HCUP KID: 3.4 million individual records• Medicaid data: 8.6 billion records
Exclusion Criteria: Normal newborns and only one chronic condition
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Project I: AHRQ R21 Grant
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Project I: AHRQ R21 GrantMy role:
• Cleaning data• Sub-setting data• Presenting data findings and problems to
research team• Conducting sub-analyses on healthcare cost
and utilization • Building laying out framework for
Classification and Regression Tree (CART) model
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Project II: Side ProjectPreliminary analysis
Objective: Determine if a trend exists year to year regarding the percentage of discharges and length of stays in children’s hospitals (CH) using two different definitions
Data: HCUP KID years 2000-2012
Method: Cochran—Armitage Trend Test
Definition #1 Definition #2
1 = Freestanding CH 1 = Freestanding and Non-Freestanding
2 = Non-Freestanding CH 2 = Other hospitals
3 = Other hospitals
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Project III: New Proposed ProjectsTitle: Prediction of Medical Expenditures (ME) in Children
Objective: To predict the expected medical expenditures and health care utilization (HCU) in medically complex children using CCC/CCI/CCS in future years.
Data: Medicaid data from Truven Health Analytics and
Exclusion Criteria: Records that contains missing values and patients 17 years old
Study Design/Method: Fit a two-stage regression model to predict ME and HCU in children.
Stage 1: Logistic Regression/Stage 2: Linear Regression
Potential Papers:
1. Use CCI to predict total payments for future years
2. Compare predictive ability of CCC vs. CCI vs. CCS
3. Using prior 2-3 years to predict future years—a longitudinal prediction study
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GRA Project
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GRA ProjectTwo part genomics project
Part I: Determine differentially expressed (DE) genes found among the different DE analysis methods
-pre and post treatment
Part II: Assess
1) control of the type I error rate under the null hypothesis assuming unpaired or paired measurements through a simulation study
2) impact of ignoring the paired design among samples (Summer ‘14)
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GRA Project: Part I
Paired Methods
*Excludes EBseq from Venn Diagram
Unpaired Methods
Figure 1: Number of Differentially Expressed Genes (Statistical Framework)
Frequentist Methods N=4543Bayesian Methods N=2609
Figure 2: Number of Differentially Expressed Genes (Method’s Statistical Theory)Table 1: Number of Common Differentially Expressed When Methods Overlap
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GRA Project: Part II
• Simulation study– Normal context– Varying – Null scenario
• remain the same for each treatment group
– Fold change (FC)/Power scenario• Different for each treatment group
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Null Scenarios
Fold change (FC)/Power scenarios
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GRA Project: Part II• Simulation study
– Normal context– Varying – Null scenario
• remain the same for each treatment group– Fold change (FC)/Power scenario
• Different for each treatment group
• Future Work– Run scenarios in the Poisson and Negative Binomial contexts
• Create a usable sandwich estimator for the lme4 package in R • Vary overdispersion in the NB context• Compare results
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Work-School-Life Balance
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Work-School-Life Balance….Ha!
Work
School
Life
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Most Valuable Lessons Learned
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Most Valuable Lessons Learned
• Importance of programing skills• Government data is messy• Document, document, document• Don’t be afraid to ask• Importance of productive conference calls• Communication skills can always be improved • Awareness of professionalism
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Bloopers
What happens when you let two grown men decorate your office?Every office needs at least one running joke…
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Drs. Brooke Fridley, Jo Wick, and Matt MayoJackie Jorland
Drs. Matt Hall, Troy Richardson, Jay Berry
Acknowledgements
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Questions