Jairajpuri&Ahmad 1983 - Aporcedorus Gen n Laimydorus Eudorylaimus Spp Nn

8/12/2019 Jairajpuri&Ahmad 1983 - Aporcedorus Gen n Laimydorus Eudorylaimus Spp Nn

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APORCEDORUS FILICAUDATUS N. GEN., N. SP., LAIMYDORUS

DHANACHANDI N. SP. AND EUDORYLAIMUS HIMALUS N. SP.

(NEMATODA: DORYLAIMIDA) FROM INDIA

BY

M. SHAMIM JAIRAJPURI and WASIM AHMAD

Commonwealth Institute of Parasitology, 395-A Hatfield Road, St. Albans, Herts AL4 OXU,U.K., and Section of Nematology, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University,

Aligarh-202001, India

Aporcedorus filicaudatusn. gen., n. sp. and one new species each of the genera LaimydorusSid-diqi, 1969 and EudorylaimusAndrssy, 1969 are described from India. The new genus Aporcedorusis assigned to the family Aporcelaimidae Heyns, 1965 because its oral opening is dorso-ventrallyslit-like and the odontostyle has a large aperture but it differs from all the existing genera of thisfamily in having a long filiform tail. Laimydorusdhanachandin. sp. has 2.6-3.0 mm long body,truncated lip region with thick cuticle, 21-25 m long attenuated odontostyle, 40-42 m longspicules, and 15-16 closely packed but non-contiguous ventromedian supplements. Eudorylaimushimalusn. sp. has 1.1-1.3 mm long body, low and flattened lip region, 21-23 m long attenuatedodontostyle, DN far removed from DO, and short conoid tail with 'saccate bodies'. Males werenot found in A. filicaudatusor E. himalus.

Keywords: taxonomy, Aporcedorusfilicaudatus, Laimydorusdhanachandi,Eudorylaimushimalus,India.

In soil samples collected in India, three new species of dorylaim nematodeswere found: one of these represents a new genus of the family AporcelaimidaeHeyns, 1965. The name Aporcedorus filicaudatus n. gen., n. sp. is proposed for it.The other two new species belong to the genera Laimydorus Siddiqi, 1969 and

Eudorylaimus Andrdssy, 1959.

The nematodes were killed and fixed in hot 4 % formalin and processed to

glycerine bythe slow

method. Measurements were taken and observationsmade on specimens mounted in anhydrous glycerine.

Genus Aporcedorus n. gen.-

Diagnosis. Aporcelaimidae. Body large. Cuticle with fine transverse striations.

Oral opening a dorso-ventral slit. Lip region offset from body, lips conoid.

Amphids stirrup-shaped with slit-like apertures. Odontostyle small but wide,its aperture more than half of its length. Guiding sheath simple, plicated.

Odontophore simple rod-like. Oesophagus dorylaimoid, enlarging near its

middle to form basal expanded portion. DO-DN close; S101-5102-S20 nearlyequidistant; S20 significantly anterior to base of oesophagus. Oesophago-intestinal disc present. Vulva transverse. Reproductive system amphidelphic.


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Tail very long and filiform. Males not known.

Type species. Aporcedorus filicaudatus n. sp.

Relationships. The new genus Aporcedorus has been assigned to the family

Aporcelaimidae because of the characters of the oral opening (dorso-ventralslit) and the odontostyle (large aperture) and it can easily be distinguished from

all the existing genera of this family in the character of its tail. The

aporcelaimid nematodes described so far possess short bluntly conoid to round-

ed tails whereas the tail of Aporcedorus is very long and filiform occupying nearly20-25 % of the total body length. The long tail and the anterior location of S20and S2N indicate affinities of the new genus with members of the families

Thornenematidae Siddiqi, 1969 and Dorylaimidae de Man, 1876, but it has

not been placed in these families mainly because of the characters of its odon-

tostyle and oral opening.

Aporcedorus filicaudatus n. sp.

(Fig. 1)

Dimensions

Paratype females (25): L = 3.05-3.45 (3.26) mm; a = 57-67 (61); b = 5.5-6.0

(5.7); c = 4.1-5.3 (4.4); c' = 20-27 (24); V = 40-44 (42); Gi=6-9 (8); G2 = 7-9

(8); odontostyle = 18-20 (19) Am; odontophore = 32-34 (33) /Am; oesophagus =

553-591 (569) Am; pre-rectum = 150-220 (180) Am; rectum = 32-38 (35) Am;

tail=

633-834 (735) Am; ABD = 29-35 (31) Am.Holotype female: L = 3.32 mm; a = 63; b = 5.8; c = 4.3; c' = 26; V = 41 ;

Gl = 6; G2 = 8; odontostyle = 18 Am; odontophore = 32 oesophagus = 568

/Am; pre-rectum = 182 Am; rectum = 35 tail = 771 tm; ABD = 30 Am.

Description

Body ventrally curved upon killing, tapering only slightly anteriorly but

markedly posteriorly to a long filiform tail. Cuticle 2-3 Am thick at mid-body,3-4 Am on tail, finely striated. Lateral hypodermal chords about one-third of

body width at mid-body. Body pores obscure. Lip region offset from body by a

constriction, 14-15 Am wide, 5-6 Am high. Lips conoid, anterior sensilla pro-

truding above lip contour. Amphid aperture 7-8 Am wide or about half of cor-

responding body width, fusus 23-26 Am from aperture. Odontostyle about

1.2-1.3 lip region widths long, its aperture 11-12 Am or about 60% of its

length. Guiding sheath simple, plicated, with weakly sclerotized anterior rim

9-10 Am from anterior end of body. Odontophore simple rod-like, 1.6-1.8

times the odontostyle length. Nerve ring at 154-168 Am from anterior end of

body. Expanded portion of oesophagus occupying 50-56 % of total oesophageal

length and granulated from beginning of expansion to a little above S2N. Car-

dia short, hemispherical, 13-17 /Amlong. Oesophageal gland nuclei and orificeslocated as follows: DO = 47-50; DN = 49-53; DO-DN = 2.3-2.4; SlOl = 62-64;

S102 = 69-75; S2N = 76-81; S20 = 77-81. Reproductive system amphidelphic.


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Fig. 1. Aporcedorus filicaudatusn. gen., n. sp. A - Female (entire), B - Head end showing lips and

amphid, C - En faceview, D - T.S. of body at base of lip region showing amphids, E - Head end,F - Basal expanded portion of oesophagus, G - Posterior reproductive branch, H - Anal and rec-

tal regions, I - Tail end.


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Vulva transverse, vagina 26-29 Am or about half of corresponding body width

long. Both genital branches equally developed and contain a well-developed

sphincter at oviduct-uterus junction. Ovary reflexed with 10-15 oocytes. Pre-

rectum 5-7 anal body widths long. Rectum 1.0-1.3 anal body widths long. Tailvery long and filiform with acute terminus, 20-27 anal body widths long and

with two caudal papillae on each side.

Male. Not found and the uteri of females did not contain sperm.

Type habitat and locality. Soil around roots of coconut, Coracoris sp. from near

Mayeem lake, Becholim, Goa, India.

Type specimens. Collected in April 1982; holotype female on slide Aporcedorus

filicaudatus n. gen., n. sp./1; 20 paratype females on slides Aporcedorus

filicaudatus n. gen., n. sp./2-12; deposited in the nematode collection of the

Departmentof

Zoology, AligarhMuslim

University,India. Five female

paratypes are deposited in the nematode collection of the Commonwealth In-

stitute of Parasitology, St. Albans, U.K.

Laimydorus dhanachandi n. sp.'

(Fig. 2)

The above species was collected in December, 1980 by Dr. Ch. Dhanachand

from Kanchung Hills, Imphal, Manipur. Later, in April 1982 a few specimensof the same species were found by one of us (W.A.) in Ponda, Goa. These two

localities are approximately 2300 kms apart and have very different agro-climatic conditions. This may be an indication that the species could be fairly

widely distributed in India. These specimens represent a new species, which is

characterized by a long and attenuated odontostyle and narrow flattened lip

region with thick cuticle.

Dimensions

Type population (Imphal, Manipur):

Paratype females (2): L = 3.03-3.04 mm; a = 65-74; b = 5.2-6.0; c = 17-20;

c' = 6.5-7.4; V = 47-48; G1= 19-25; G2 = 20-28; odontostyle = 24-25 Am;

odontophore= 30-38

Am; oesophagus= 500-510

Am; pre-rectum= 160-167

rectum = 33-35 Am; tail = 150-117 Am; ABD = 23-24 Am.

Holotype female: L = 3.03 mm; a = 70; b = 5.8; c = 17; c' = 7.3; V = 46;

Gt = 12; G2 = 14; odontostyle = 22 Am; odontophore = 30 Am; oesophagus =517 Am; pre-rectum = 169 Am; rectum = 32 Am; tail = 176 Am; ABD = 24 Am.

Paratype males (2): L = 2.73-2.82 mm; a = 78-82; b = 5.1-5.4; c= 188-195;

T = 58-67; odontostyle = 22-25 odontophore = 29-30 Am; oesopha-

gus = 503-549 Am; spicules = 40-42 Am; lateral guiding pieces = 9-10 Am.

Goa population

Female: L = 2.80 mm; a = 74; b = 5.0 ; c = 7.6 ; c' = 17; V = 48 ; G1 = 9;G2 = 9; odontostyle = 23 Am; odontophore = 28 oesophagus = 554 pre-rectum = 171 Am; rectum = 31 tail = 365 Am; ABD = 21 Am.


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Fig.2. Laimydorusdhanachandin. sp. A - Female (entire), B - Male (entire), C - Oesophageal

region, D - Head end, E - Basal region of oesophagus and intestine, F - Head end showing am-phid, G - Part of posterior reproductive branch of fertilized female showing three-part uterus, H- Posterior reproductive branch of unfertilized female, I - Vulva (ventral), J - Junction of in-testine and pre-rectum, K - Female tail end, L - Male tail end, M - Spicule, N - Lateral guiding

piece, f - food.


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Males (2): L = 2.62-3.04 mm; a = 74-75; b = 5.1; c = 175-202; T = 56-59;

odontostyle = 24-25 /Am; odontophore = 28 /Am; oesophagus = 514-594 /Am;

spicules = 37-40 Am; lateral guiding pieces = 11-12

Description

Female. Body long and attenuated remaining almost straight upon killing,

tapering only slightly anteriorly but markedly towards tail. Cuticle 1.2 /Amthick at mid-body, 3-4 Am on tail. Lateral hypodermal chords about one-third

of body-width at mid-body. Body pores indistinct. Lip region almost truncate,continuous but slightly wider than adjoining body, 15-18 /Am wide, 5-6 /Am

high, anterior sensilla only slightly protruding but not modifying the lip con-

tour. Amphid aperture 7-9 /Am wide, situated at 5-7 Am from anterior end ofbody, fusus 18-20 jum from the aperture. Odontostyle attenuated and about 1.4

lip region widths long, its aperture about 1/6th of its length. Guiding ring 'dou-

ble', basal ring about 14-16 Am from anterior end of body. Odontophore sim-

ple rod-like, 1.2-1.4 times the odontostyle length, surrounded by an ellipsoidal

swelling. Nerve ring at 130-155 Am from anterior end of body. Expanded por-tion of oesophagus occupying about half of oesophageal length. Cardia short

and rounded, 8-10 Am wide. Oesophageal gland nuclei and orifices located as

follows: DO = 46-50; DN = 48-52; DO-DN = 2; S101 = 63-67; SiN2 = 70-74;

Si02= 71-76; S2N = 81-86; S20 =83-88. Intestine with

very largeflattened

cells, about 4 cells in circumference, intestinal lumen wide and packed with

food (f in Fig. 2, E & J). Reproductive system amphidelphic. Vulva very small,

longitudinal (or pore-like). Vagina extending to about half-way across body.Cuticularized pieces present at vulva-vagina junction. Ovaries large contain-

ing many oocytes, sphincter present at oviduct-uterus junction. In fertilized

females, the uterus becomes demarcated into three distinct zones (Fig. 2, G)but the same differentiation is not so evident in unfertilized females. Pre-

rectum 6-8 anal body widths long. Tail long filiform, 6-7 anal body widths

long. In the single female from Goa the tail is very long measuring 365 /Am or

about 17 anal body widths. Caudal papillae comprise a pair on each lateralside.

Male. General morphology similar to that of female except that body slightlyventrally curved in posterior region. Supplements consisting of an adanal pairand 15-16 closely packed but non-contiguous ventro-medians. Spicules

dorylaimoid, with median piece, about 2.5 anal body widths long. Lateral

guiding pieces small, about 1/4th of spicule length. Pre-rectum extending well

above supplements. Tail short conoid with well-developed papillae (Fig. 2, L).

Type habitat and locality. Soil around roots of grasses from Kanchung Hills,

Imphal, Manipur, India.Other habitat and locality. Soil around roots of paddy, Oryza sativa L., from near

Manguesh temple, Ponda, Goa, India.


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Type specimens. Collected in December, 1980; holotype female on slide

Laimydorus dhanachandi n. sp. / 1; one female and one male paratype on slides

Laimydorus dhanachandi n. sp./2 & 3; deposited in the nematode collection of the

Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslum University, India. A paratypefemale and paratype male are deposited in the nematode collection of the Com-

monwealth Institute of Parasitology, St. Albans, U.K. The specimens from

paddy collected in Goa are at Aligarh.

Differential diagnosis. Laimydorus dhanachandi n. sp. differs from other species of

Laimydorus Siddiqi, 1969 because of its attenuated odontostyle and flattened lip

region with thickened cuticle. It may, however, be compared with L. dadayi

(Thorne & Swanger, 1936) AndrAssy 1969 from which it can be differentiated

in having a longer body, longer odontostyle, longer pre-rectum and more spac-

ed ventro-median supplements (L = 1. 65-1. 75 mm; odontostyle 15-16 Am long;pre-rectum about three anal body widths long and supplements close togetherin L. dadayi according to Andrissy, 1969).

The new species is named after Dr. Ch. Dhanachand of the Department of

Life Sciences, Manipur University, Imphal, India.

Eudorylaimus himalus n. sp.

(Fig. 3)

Dimensions

Paratype females (3): L = 1.22-1.31 (1.26) mm; a = 29-31 (30); b = 3.6-3.9

(3.7); c = 53-57 (55); c' = 0.9-1.0; V = 51-55 (53); G1 = 13-14 (13); G2 = 10-13

(12); odontostyle = 21-23 (22) /Am; odontophore = 34-39 (36) Am; oesophagus =

308-363 (335) Am; pre-rectum = 54-67 (61) Am; rectum = 23-25 (24) /Am;tail = 22-24 (23) Am; ABD = 24-26 (25) /Am.

Holotype female: L = 1.18 mm; a = 26; b = 3.6; c = 56; c' = 0.87; V = 53;

Gl = 12; G2 = 11; odontostyle = 24 /Am; odontophore = 35 Am; oesophagus =325 Am; pre-rectum = 77 Am; rectum = 26 Am; tail = 21 tm; ABD = 24 /Am.

Description

Body ventrally curved, more strongly in posterior half upon killing, tapering

only slightly towards extremities. Cuticle 2-3 Am thick at mid-body and 5-6 on

tail, finely striated. Lateral hypodermal chords about one-third of body width

at mid-body. Body pores indistinct. Lip region offset from body, 18-19 Am

wide, 6-7 Am high. Lips conoid, anterior sensilla protruding slightly above lipcontour. Amphid aperture 11-13 Am wide, situated at 6-8 Am from anterior

end of body, fusus 24-26 Am from aperture. Odontostyle attenuated, 1.2-1.3

lip region width long, its aperture about one-third of its length. Odontophore

simple rod-like, 1.4-1.6 times the odontostyle length. Guiding ring single 9-10Am from anterior end of body. Nerve ring at 115-132 Am from anterior ex-

tremity. Expanded portion of oesophagus occupying 42-49 % of oesophageal


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Fig. 3. Eudorylaimushimalusn. sp. A - Head end, B - Oesophagus, C - Head end showing am-phid, D - Female (entire), E - Tail end, F - Anterior reproductive branch.


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length. Cardia short and rounded, 10-13 Am long. A thin cardiac disc present.

Oesophageal gland nuclei and orifices located as follows: DO = 64;DN = 68-70; DO-DN = 4-6; S 101 = 7 7-79; SIN1 = 78-80; S 102 = 80-81;

SiN2 = 81-82; S2N = 89-90; S20 = 91-93. Reproductive system amphidelphic.Vulva transverse. Unicellular glands and cuticularized pieces present at vulva-

vagina junction. Vagina small, reaching nearly one-third of corresponding

body width. Oviduct and uterus not clearly demarcated from one another,

sphincter obscure. Ovary with several oocytes arranged in 2 or 3 rows. Pre-

rectum 2-3 anal body widths long. Tail short conoid, provided with 'saccate

bodies' on the ventral side and a pair of caudal pores on each side.

Male. Not found and sperm not present in the uteri of females.

Type habitat and locality. Soil around roots of teak, Tectona grandis L. from

Ghangaria, district Chamoli, Uttar Pradesh, India.Type specimens. Collected in October, 1979; holotype female on slide

Eudorylaimus himalus n. sp./I; 2 paratype females on slides Eudorylaimus himalus

n. sp./2 & 3; deposited in the nematode collection of the Department of

Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, India. One paratype female is depositedin the nematode collection of the Commonwealth Institute of Parasitology, St.

Albans, U.K.

Differential diagnosis. Eudorylaimus himalus n. sp. is related to E. spaulli Loof,

1975, E. coniceps Loof, 1975 and E. circulifer Loof, 1961. It differs from E. spaulliin having a smaller body and differently shaped tail with 'saccate bodies'

(L = 1.53-2.28 mm, tail conoid arcuate with narrow terminus in E. spaulli);and from E. coniceps in having a smaller body, and differently shaped lip regionand tail (L = 1.61-2.61 mm, lip region higher and amalgamated, tail conoid ar-

cuate with narrow terminus in E. coniceps); and from E. circulifer in having a

smaller body, offset lip region and differently shaped tail and lesser number of

'saccate bodies' (L = 1.50-2.00 mm, lip region continuous with body and tail

bluntly rounded and possessing more 'saccate bodies' in E. circulifer).

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGAporcedorus filicaudatus n. gen., n. sp. , Laimydorus dhanachandi n. sp. und Eudorylaimus

himalus n. sp. (Nematoda:Dorylaimida)aus Indien

Aporcedorus filicaudatusn. gen., n. sp. undje eine neue Art der Gattungen LaimydorusSiddiqi,1969 und EudorylaimusAndrssy, 1969 werden aus Indien beschrieben. Die neue Gattung Aporce-doruswird der Familie Aporcelaimidae Heyns, 1965 zugerechnet, weil die Mundffnung schlitz-frmig ist und dorso-vental liegt, und weil das Odontostyl eine groe ffnung hat. Sie unter-scheidet sich aber von allen bestehenden Gattungen dieser Familie durch den langen fadenfrmi-gen Schwanz. Laimydorusdhanachandin. sp. ist 2,6-3,0 mm lang, besitzt eine abgestumpfte Lip-penregion mit dicker Cuticula, ein 21-25 m langes, verjngtes Odontostyl, 40-42 m lange Spi-cula und 15-16 dicht gepackte, sich aber nicht berhrende ventromediane Supplemente. Eudory-

laimus himalusn. sp. ist 1,1-1,3mm lang, und hat eine niedrige, abgeflachte Lippenregion, ein21-23 m langes verjngtes Odontostyl und einen kurzen konoiden Schwanz mit sackfrmigenKrperchen. DN ist weit entfernt von DO. Mnnchen wurden bei A. filicaudatusund E. himalusnicht gefunden.


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REFERENCES

ANDRASSY,I. (1969). Taxonomische Ubersicht der familien Prodorylaimidae n. fam. andDorylaimidae de Man, 1876. OpusculaZoologica,Budapest9, 187-233.

HEYNS,J. (1965).On the

morphologyand

taxonomyof the

Aporcelaimidae,a new

familyof

dorylaimoid nematodes. EntomologyMemoirs,SouthAfrica10, 1-51.LOOF,P. A. A. (1975). Dorylaimoidea from some subantarctic islands. Nematologica21, 219-255.SIDDIQI,M. R. (1969). Mumtaziummumtazaen. gen., n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylencholaimidae) with

the proposal of Laimydorusn. gen. (Thornenematidae). Nematologica15, 234-240.

Jairajpuri&Ahmad 1983 - Aporcedorus Gen n Laimydorus Eudorylaimus Spp Nn

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Transcript of Jairajpuri&Ahmad 1983 - Aporcedorus Gen n Laimydorus Eudorylaimus Spp Nn