Jackfruit seed powder supplementation attenuates high ...
Transcript of Jackfruit seed powder supplementation attenuates high ...
Jackfruit seed powder supplementation attenuates high
sugar diet-induced hyperphagia and hyperglycemia in mice
Chayon Goswami1, Md. Kamrul Hasan Kazal1, Ohi Alam1, Romana Jahan1, Khadiza Khatun1,
Moriam Hossan1, Rakhi Chacrabati2
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural university,
Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected], [email protected].
2 Interdisciplinary Institute for Food Security, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
https://www.medicinalplantsanduses.com/jackfruit-health-benefits-nutrition-facts
Introduction
➢ Jackfruit ranks third in area of cultivation and second in production
among the fruits of Bangladesh.
➢ Jackfruit seeds are normally discarded or sometimes kept for
consumption. As jackfruit is highly seasonal and seeds have a shorter
shelf life, hence go waste during the seasonal glut.
➢ Jackfruit seeds are a rich source of carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins,
minerals, and fiber (Goswami et al., 2010).
➢ High sugar diets consumption and sedentary lifestyle may induce an
excessive body weight gain which accelerates the obesity development
(Torres-Villalobos et al., 2015).
➢ Consuming high-sugar drinks and fast foods frequently could increase
the risk of having obesity and diabetes in humans (Oo et al., 2017, El-Wakkad et
al., 2012).
➢ Resistant starch present in jackfruit seeds may control blood sugar and
keep the gut healthy (Waghmare et al., 2019).
Objectives of the research
The present study was conducted-
• to evaluate the potential benefits of jackfruit seed powder (JSP)
supplementation to maintain glucose and lipid homeostasis.
• to reveal whether the jackfruit seed powder could prevent the
development of metabolic dysregulation caused by high-sugar diet.
Blood Glucose
Body Weight gain
Obesity
Diabetes
Jackfruit
seed
powder
Materials and Methods
1. Jackfruit seed powder preparation: Jackfruit seeds were cleaned, dried
and ground to prepare jackfruit seed powder (JSP).
2. Experimental animal: 4/5 weeks old healthy adult
male mice from ICDDR,B.
Mature
JackfruitJackfruit
seedsDried Jackfruit
seeds
Jackfruit seed
powder
A Swiss albino
mouse
Methodology
4. Data collection: Body weight, food and water intake, blood glucose,
glucose tolerance test (GTT), organ weight and blood parameters were
measured.
i) Normal Diet (ND) Control Group (Ulla et al., 2016)
ii) High sugar diet (HSD) with 30% sucrose
iii) High sugar diet (HSD) + 20% Jackfruit seed powder (JSP)
3. Formulation of different types of food: The following food groups
were employed for feeding trial (8 weeks).
5. Data analysis: Statistical analysis was performed by using unpaired
Student’s t-test using Graphpad Prism Software (Graph Pad Software,
San Diego, CA, USA).
Fig 9. Mice were allowed to ad libitum access to food. Food intake by mice was measured
weekly for a period of 8 weeks. ND: Normal Diet; HSD: High Sugar Diet and JSP:
Jackfruit Seed Powder. *p < 0.05 vs ND; #p < 0.05 vs HSD by one way ANOVA followed
by Tukey’s post-hoc test. Bars represent mean±SEM. n ≥ 3 for each group.
Effect of JSP on food intake of HSD-fed mice
0
2 0
4 0
6 0
8 0
Fo
od
In
tak
e (
g)/
mo
us
e/
we
ek
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
W e e k s
8
*
#
N D
H S D
H S D + J S P
*#
*
##
##
JSP supplementation attenuated HSD-induced hyperphagia
Fig 11. (A) Body weight was measured weekly for 8 weeks. (B) Body weight gain was
determined at the end of treatment. ND: Normal Diet; HSD: High Sugar Diet and JSP:
Jackfruit Seed Powder. #p < 0.05 vs HSD by one way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc
test. Bars represent mean±SEM. n ≥ 3 for each group.
Effect of JSP on body weight gain of HSD-fed mice
0
1 0
2 0
3 0
B
W (
g)
H S D H S D
+
J S P
#
N D
JSP supplementation counteracted the body weight gain in
HSD-fed mice
A B
0
2 0
4 0
6 0
8 0
Bo
dy
We
igh
t (g
)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
W e e k s
8
N D
H S D
H S D + J S P
######
Fig 12. After i.p. administration of glucose (2mg/kg BW), glucose tolerance test was
performed at 55th day of the treatment. Blood glucose content was measured at 0, 15, 30,
60 and 120 min after i.p. glucose administration. The area under the curve (AUC) for
glucose tolerance test was quantified. ND: Normal Diet; HSD: High Sugar Diet and JSP:
Jackfruit Seed Powder. *p < 0.05 vs ND; #p < 0.05 vs HSD by one way ANOVA followed
by Tukey’s post-hoc test. Bars represent mean±SEM. n ≥ 3 for each group.
Effect of JSP on glucose tolerance in HSD-fed mice
0
1 0 0
2 0 0
3 0 0
4 0 0
Blo
od
Glu
co
se
(m
g/d
l)
N D
H S D
ip G lu c o s e
2 g /k g B W
0 15 30 60 1 2 0
T im e (M in )
H S D + J S P
A B
JSP supplementation with HSD improved glucose tolerance
5×103
10×103
15×103
20×103
AU
C
H S D H S D
+
J S P
*
#
N D
Fig 13. After 8 weeks of feeding experiment, animals were sacrificed and organs such as
(A) Liver, Heart and Kidney, (B) White and Brown adipose tissues were isolated and
weighed. ND: Normal Diet; HSD: High Sugar Diet and JSP: Jackfruit Seed Powder. #p <
0.05 vs HSD by one way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. Bars represent
mean±SEM. n ≥ 3 for each group.
Effect of JSP on organ weight of HSD-fed mice
A B
JSP supplementation significantly reduced the weight of WAT
and liver weight
0 .0
0 .2
0 .4
0 .6
0 .8
Ad
ipo
se
Tis
su
e W
eig
ht
(g)
W A T B A T
#
N D
H S D
H S D + J S P
0
1
2
3
4
Org
an
We
igh
t (g
)
L iv e r H e a rt K id n e y
#
N D
H S D
H S D + J S P
Fig 14. Blood lipid profile including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density
lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were
measured. ND: Normal Diet; HSD: High Sugar Diet and JSP: Jackfruit Seed Powder. #p <
0.05 vs HSD by one way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. Bars represent
mean±SEM. n ≥ 3 for each group.
Effect of JSP on lipid profile of HSD-fed mice
0
5 0
1 0 0
1 5 0C
on
ce
ntr
ati
on
(m
g/d
L)
T C T G H D L L D L
N D
H S D
H S D + J S P
#
#
JSP supplementation significantly decreased total cholesterol
and triglycerides in HSD-fed mice
Important Findings
JSP supplementation in high sugar diet-fed mice-
✓ significantly reduced food intake and body weight
✓ improved glucose tolerance
✓ significantly decreased the weight of liver and WAT, and
✓ decreased total cholesterol and triglyceride concentration
significantly
Conclusions
➢ The jackfruit seed powder could effectively sustain a normoglycemic
state against the development of diabetes and obesity.
➢ Jackfruit seed powder can be an alternative or complementary for
wheat flour to prepare ready-made food.
➢ Thus, jackfruit seed powder could be potentially used as a
supplemental diet to overcome the metabolic dysregulation in addition
to achieve food security.
Jackfruit seed
powder
Food Intake
Body weight
GTT
Lipid Profile
Maintain
glucose and
lipid
homeostasis
Regulation of
feeding center
and/or
Metabolism to
normalize HSD-
induced
dysregulation
Bioactive
compounds
??
Dietary
fiber SCFAs??