Industrial Wireless Sensor Networkswith OMNET++ Simulation

Zena Mohammed

Introduction

Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs) brings several advantages over traditional wired industrial monitoring and control systems, including:• Self-organization• Rapid deployment• Flexibility• Inherent intelligent-processing capability.

Design Goals1. Low-cost and small sensor nodes2. Scalable architectures and efficient protocols3. Data fusion and localized processing4. Resource-efficient design5. Self-configuration and self-organization6. Adaptive network operation7. Time synchronization8. Fault tolerance and reliability9. Application-specific design10. Secure design

Challenges

1. Resource constraints:a) energyb) memoryc) processing

2. Dynamic topologies and harsh environmental conditions3. Quality-of-service (QoS) requirements4. Data redundancy5. Packet errors and variable-link capacity6. Security7. Large-scale deployment and ad hoc architecture8. Integration with Internet and other networks

Industrial Applications• Networks of wired sensors have long been used in industrial fields

such as industrial sensing and control applications, building automation, and access control. However, the cost associated with the

deployment of wired sensors limits the applicability of these systems.

Some of the commercial applications are :monitoring material fatigue; building virtual keyboards; managing inventory; monitoring product quality; constructing smart office spaces; environmental control of office buildings; robot control and guidance in automatic manufacturing environments; interactive toys; interactive museums; factory process control and automation; monitoring disaster areas; smart structures with embedded sensor nodes; machine diagnosis; transportation; factory instrumentation; local control of actuators; detecting and monitoring car theft; vehicle tracking and detection; instrumentation of semiconductor processing chambers, rotating machinery, wind tunnels, and anechoic chambers; and distributed spectrum sensing to help realize cognitive radio networks

FabApp illustrates a practical implementation of the cluster-based protocols for industrial applications.

• Emerson Process Management has developed a Smart Wireless Network using WirelessHart products which is automating temperature and flow monitoring to increase production on the company’s Gullfaks offshore platforms in the northern part of the Norwegian North Sea. Needing a monitoring approach able to be installed without interrupting flow, operators are using wireless devices to transmit real time data that monitors temperature and flow. The developed WSN is allowing quick reaction to any loss of well pressure and maximizing throughput from the well.

Protection through wide-area situational awareness (WASA)

Protection through wide-area situational awareness (WASA)

Widely used standards in IWSNs

A. ZigBee : a mesh-networking standard based on IEEE802.15.4 radio technology targeted at industrial control and monitoring, building and home automation, embedded sensing, and energy system automation.

B. Wireless HART: its an extension of the HART protocol and is specifically designed for process monitoring and control. The technology employs IEEE 802.15.4-based radio, frequency hopping, redundant data paths, and retry mechanisms.

C. Ultrawideband (UWB) is a short-range wireless communication technology based on transmission of very short impulses emitted in periodic sequences.

D. IETF 6LoWPAN: aims for standard IP communicationover low-power wireless IEEE 802.15.4 networks utilizingIP version 6 (IPv6).

E. ISA100 :The ISA100 working group is focused on a reliable wireless communication system for monitoring and control applications.

The Simulation

Using OMNeT++ with MixiM framework.

• Application Layer: Sensor Application Layer• Network Layer:

o Floodingo Wise Routeo Probabilistic Broadcasto Adaptive Probabilistic Broadcast

• NIC Protocol:o 802.11

• Mobility: Static

Thank You