Introduction of the EbA project In Vietnam

Nguyen Trung Thang Institute of Strategy and Policy on Natural Resources and Environment

Paris, 04/2015

Main contents

CC impacts in Viet Nam and the need of EBA approach

Introduction of EBA project

Challenges on project implementation

Vietnam is a biodiversity-rich country • Diversity in ecosystems: There are several type of forests; estuary; wetland…

There are 16 marine protected areas, 2 World Natural Heritages, 4 ASEAN Natural Heritages, 4 Ramsar Wetlands and 6 Biosphere Reserves. ..

• In terrestrial ecosystems, there are more than 13,200 floral species and about 10,500 faunal species identified.

• More than 3,000 aquatic creatures have been identified in the interior wetlands. The tropical marine with more than 20 typical ecosystems is also home to more than 11,000 sea creatures. There are 16 cropping groups and more than 800 different species.

• The national bank of plant genes is preserving 12,307 varieties of 115 species, many of which are indigenous ones with unique features.

Source: MONRE, National Biodiversity Report, 2011

06/02/2015

Vietnam is one of the most seriously impacted country by the climate change (1)

• Within past 50 years,

the average temperature has increased by about 0,5 - 0,70C.

• According to the climate change scenario in 2012, at the end of 21 century, the temperature can rise from 2,5-3,70C.

• Rainfall tends to decrease in the North and increase in the South, the maximum daily rainfall goes up in most of climate zones, especially in recent years.

Source: MONRE, Vietnam CC and Sea level rise scenarios, 2012

• Average sea level has risen about 20 cm over past 50 years. Saltwater intrusion occurs along the coast of Vietnam with different levels.

• CC Scenario showed: To 2100, sea level rise of 1m, approximately 39% the Mekong Delta area, over 10% the area of Red River Delta and Quang Ninh, on 2.5% area of the central coastal provinces and over 20 % area of Ho Chi Minh city submerged.

Source: MONRE, Vietnam CC and Sea level rise scenarios, 2012

Vietnam is one of the most seriously impacted country by the climate change (2)

Vietnam is one of the most seriously impacted country by the climate change (3)

• Annual losses caused by

natural disasters around 1.5% of GDP.

• Natural disasters will increase in frequency and intensity with uncertainty, unpredictable.

• Landing areas of the storm and tropical depressions in Vietnam tend to move to the South; number of powerful storms tend to increase; hurricane season ends later. Floods are common in all regions, including the Central is often the greatest damage.

Number of flash floods from 1990 to 2010 in Vietnam

Source: The Vietnam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment (IMHEN)

1 m

2 m 3 m

4 m 5 m

Source: WB 2008

Impacts of the sea-level rise on GDP

What is EbA? – a definition

“Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) is the use of biodiversity and

ecosystem services as part of an overall adaptation strategy to help

people to adapt to the adverse effects of climate change”

(CBD 2009)

Main characteristics of EbA: Anthropocentric approach Helps minimize negative

impacts of climate change on people and ecosystems

Promotes sustainable management of ecosystems

Why EBA for Vietnam? 1. Addresses national context and national

priorities – sustainable economic development, poverty reduction, biodiversity conservation

2. EBA provides a longer term, cost effective solution that accrues more net benefits than “hard” physical engineering solutions

3. Multiple benefits- soil management, water regulation, carbon sequestration, livelihood diversification opportunities

Introduction of MONRE/ISPONRE – GIZ EbA Project in Vietnam

Project Title: Strategic mainstreaming of ecosystem-based adaptation in Viet Nam Project Objectives: To mainstream ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) into land use and development planning; to integrate EbA into the national adaptation policy in a systematic way as well as implemented continuously in practice. Project Outcome:

Methods, strategies and policy guidelines for EbA are available, are

integrated in the national policy as well as implemented continuously in

practice.

04 Project Components

1. Capacity Building on National and Provincial Level

2. Pilot Measures and Up-scaling

3. Mainstreaming EbA into Policies and Planning Processes

4. Networking and Learning

1.1. Organizing a regular "Round Table" dialogue on ecosystem-based adaptation with line ministries and other stakeholders.

1.2. Developing and disseminating materials on ecosystem based adaptation for several target groups.

1.3. Developing training plan and materials as well as its institutionalisation in selected research/training institutions.

1.4. Conducting trainings and training of trainers (ToTs).

Component 1: Capacity Building on National

and Provincial Level

2.1. Implementation of EbA pilot measures based on application of existing experiences, which make a contribution to implementation of climate action plan, in 02 provinces. Establishment of a dialogue platform between relevant provincial authorities for EbA and implementation of pilot measures.

2.2. Development/adjustment of guidelines, technical manuals and instruments for EbA integration in land-use and development planning (for example spatial demonstration instruments, strategic environmental audit etc.)

2.3. Implementation of Cost-Benefit-Analysis of EbA measures in the 02 piloting provinces.

2.4. Development of indicators and guidelines for monitoring of EbA measures and their pilot application in 02 provinces.

2.5. Workup and dissemination of practical learning experiences and policy relevant recommendations in form of technical manuals and guidelines.

Component 2: Pilot Measures and Up-scaling

3.1. Identification of relevant strategies, policy guidelines and legal framework for integration of EbA in revision process (for example Chapter on land use planning in Law on Land; Law on disaster management, socio-economic development strategy).

3.2. Identification of national and international financing options for EbA measures.

Component 3: Mainstreaming EbA into Policies

and Planning Processes

4.1. Collecting international and national available information on EbA experiences and approaches (for example EbA Flagship Project, IPBES, ProEcoServ Project, CCCEP etc).

4.2. Supporting partners in presentation and sharing lessons learnt from Vietnam at international events.

4.3. Using learning platforms for experience exchange on EbA with relevant institutions and projects (IKI and projects of other donors) in Vietnam and in the region (for example Flagship Programme, AdaptationCommunity.net).

Component 4: Networking and Learning

Implementation Arrangement

Executing and Implementing partner agencies: • MONRE (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment) • ISPONRE (Institute of Strategy and Policy for Natural

Resources and Environment) • Other entities such as VEA, BCA, GDLA, MARD VN Forest • Governmental structures in pilot provinces (DONRE, PPC) Commissioning body in Germany: • BMUB (Federal Ministry of Environment, Nature

Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety), ICI (International Climate Initiative)

• Apr. 2014 – Mar. 2018

Challenges

Lack of capacity on EbA both at national and provincial level: EbA is still a new approach and tool, there are limited understanding of EbA by national and local people. Hard adaptation measures still prevailed in thinking.

Identification of approaches/methodologies for mainstreaming of EbA in to Land Use Planning and Socio-Economic Development Planning.

Identification of appropriate EbA measures: selection of EbA measures/model depends on specific conditions of a province/country .

Sustainability of project: How to maintain and expand the EbA approach even after the Project completed.

Thank you for your attention!

ntthang@isponre.gov.vn