“ITS Experience in the Philippines”

Ricardo G. Sigua, PhD.

Professor, College of Engineering

Affiliate, National Center for Transportation Studies

University of the Philippines Diliman

Seminar on Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) Applications in the Philippines13 February 2009

Metro Manila’s Urbanization

• Urban Sprawling• Concentration of

economic, commercial and cultural activities

Traffic congestionInadequate transportation

services

MMUTIS 2000

• Land Area: 636 sq.kms.• Population: 10M• Population growth rate: 3%

Traffic Congestion

Negative Impacts •Wastage of time and energy due to delays incurred in congested roadways

Environment

SPM: significantly above the standard of 180 mg/m3. daily ave. in many locations

NO2: has exceeded the standard amount of 0.10 ppm hourly ave. for a healthy environment in some locations

Noise Level: 77-84dB in many locations

•Environmental degradation caused by increased vehicle exhausts in traffic jams

Energy

Road Safety

105,260(US$1.9B)

25,800

27,748

33,119

18,593

Adjusted for under-reporting

973,240

469,090

402,150

93,820

8,180

Adjusted for under-reporting

Based on reported accidents

As reported

(Police)

2,548(U$45M)

12,806 TOTAL

529 9,623 55,000 Damage-Only

115 1,672 69,000 Minor Injury

281797 353,000 Serious Injury

1,623 714 2,273,000 Fatal

Total Cost(million pesos)

Number of AccidentsAverage

Cost (Pesos)

Accident Type

Source: Sigua, UP COE/NCTS 2.6 % of the Philippines’ GDP

MARTE A. PEREZ

Public Transportation

Traffic Demand by ModeSource: MMUTIS, 1996

Mode Person Trips (%)

Vehicle

Trips(%)

Private 21.6 45.8

Semi Public

8.6 12.9

Public 69.8 41.2

ITS Deployment in the Philippines

• Traffic Responsive Signal System– State of the Art Metro Manila Adaptive

Responsive Traffic (SMART) System

• The Metro Manila ETC System

Traffic Responsive Signal System

• Uses Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System (SCATS)– first used in Cebu City– covers more than 420 intersections

in Metro Manila

ETC System

SLEX NLEX

Length, km. 48 84

Start of Operation

Aug. 2000 Early 2005

Technology

DSRC 5.8Ghz

US-based Transcore

Egis Projects S.A. of France

Daily Volume 270,000 200,000

% ETC Users 20 6.5

Where would ITS fit in?

• Complement the plans and programs of the government:

- urban expressways – ETC

- urban rail – automation; commuter

information; schedule- sustainable data collection system

• Road Pricing

- ERP instead of manual method

Road Pricing

• Possibly the most effective method of alleviating congestion in Metro Manila (Koshi)

• Should be set unrealistically high to achieve meaningful reduction

• Time-based charging

Initial Studies on Road Pricing ( MMUTIS )

Scheme Alleviation of Congestion, %

Revenue

US$ million/year

Along EDSA 5 70

CBD of Makati 5-10 61

Area bounded by EDSA

3-10 174

Urban Expressway Expansion, km.

Metro Manila

Outer Areas

Total

• Existing• Skyway I• Committed• MMUTIS

Proposal

34.0

9.3

45.9

98.9

49.0

---

---

28.0

83.0

9.3

45.9

126.9

Total 188.1 77.0 265.1

Urban Rail Network Expansion

Line Length, km.

No. of Stations

1

2

3

4

5

6

52.7

62.7

29.0

29.0

74.5

79.2

43

43

27

26

40

35

Total 346.2 214

Sustainable Data Collection System

• No sustained traffic data collection effort; data collection largely on a project basis

A data collection system must be established to facilitate

gathering of traffic baseline information

Probe Car Survey System

SRcomm

STATUS

1 2 3 4

Probe car device: data logging system

with built-in GPS

• General information on Metro Manila traffic situation – Yearly evaluation of traffic condition (unbiased)

• Network travel speeds, delays, bottlenecks; may include seasonal variation

• Assessment of changes/improvements introduced to the transportation system– System/area wide

• infrastructure (impacts of newly introduced flyovers, bridges, pavement rehab, pedestrian overpass, etc.)

• traffic management (U-turns, one-way regulation, parking regulation, etc.)

• post TIA for new commercial developments • Influence area of congestion due to road construction,

pipe laying, etc.

– Local • specific problem areas (bottleneck, blackspots, etc. )

Potential uses of the probe car survey system

Issues Related to ITS Deployment in Developing Countries

• Institutional - very high level of cooperation among agencies

• Infrastructure- requires well-developed communications and

uninterrupted power supply• Technology

- should be based on ‘needs assessment’; not just a technology push

• Budget - allocation of funds unfamiliar to transport authorities

Immediate Tasks

• Creation of an ITS organization• Development of ITS master plan for

Metro Manila• Information dissemination to gov’t.

agencies; foster cooperation

• Beneficiaries should not be car users only. (70% trip makers rely on public transport)

• ITS revenues should be earmarked for development of mass transit systems

• Any ITS deployment should not be dependent on costly or massive infrastructure outlays because of limited budget.

Conditions for successful ITS in the Philippines

Thank you!