ITS ePrimer Module 3: Application of ITS Technologies in Transportation Management
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Transcript of ITS ePrimer Module 3: Application of ITS Technologies in Transportation Management
ITS ePrimer Module 3: Application of ITS Technologies
in Transportation Management
September 2013
Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office
Research and Innovative Technology Administration, USDOT
2U.S. Department of Transportation
Instructor
Mohammed Hadi, Ph.D., P.E.
Associate Professor
Florida International University
Miami, FL, USA
3U.S. Department of Transportation
Module Purpose
Review of the applications of ITS to the management of transportation facilities
Identify the benefits of these applicationsHighlight associated challenges and lessons
learned
4U.S. Department of Transportation
Learning Objectives
Describe existing and emerging Transportation Management Systems (TMS) tools
Explain associated issues Identify common challenges Identify lessons learnedDiscuss future actions
5U.S. Department of Transportation
Need for Managing Transportation
Increasing congestion impacts
Increasing constraints on new capacity additions
New capacity does not necessarily resolve congestion Source: “Traffic Congestion and Reliability: Trends and Advanced
Strategies for Congestion Mitigation.” Prepared for Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) by Cambridge Systematics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, September 2005.
6U.S. Department of Transportation
Transportation System ManagementApplication of
advanced strategies and technologies to management
Improve performance (mobility, reliability, safety, environmental impacts)
Source: USDOT Integrated Corridor Management Web site (http://www.its.dot.gov/icms/)
7U.S. Department of Transportation
Basic Functions of TMS
Source: Transportation Management Training Module. Consortium for ITS Training and Education (CITE), University of Maryland, CATT, College Park, MD. Accessed November 2012.
8U.S. Department of Transportation
Need for Information Collection
Performance monitoring Incident managementSystem control Active traffic managementFleet managementPriorities/preemptionsModeling/analysis support Source: Neudorff, L.G., J. E. Randall, R. Reiss, R. Gordon,
“Freeway Management and Operations Handbook,” Prepared for FHWA, Washington, D.C., September 2003
9U.S. Department of Transportation
Information Collection Technologies
Point detectors AVI readersAVL trackingPrivate sector dataCCTV camerasEnvironmental sensor
stations Source: Jehanian, K., “I-95 Corridor Coalition Vehicle Probe Project.” Presentation made at the USDOT Probe Vehicle Workshop, December 2008.
10U.S. Department of Transportation
Information Dissemination
Travel timeTransit informationDynamic speed limitLane controlDynamic pricingRoute guidanceMode guidanceAMBER/Silver Alerts
Source: Neudorff, L.G., J. E. Randall, R. Reiss, R. Gordon, Freeway Management and Operations Handbook. Prepared for FHWA, Washington, DC, September 2003.
11U.S. Department of Transportation
Information Dissemination Methods
DMS HAR Trailblazers Graphical boards Kiosks 511 phone systems Web sites Phone apps In-vehicle systems
Source: Neudorff, L.G., J. E. Randall, R. Reiss, R. Gordon, Freeway Management and Operations Handbook. Prepared for FHWA, Washington, DC, September 2003.
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Information Dissemination Issues
Message content Message format Information credibilityDissemination
activationDevice locationDevice type
Source: Neudorff, L.G., J. E. Randall, R. Reiss, R. Gordon, Freeway Management and Operations Handbook. Prepared for FHWA, Washington, DC, September 2003.
13U.S. Department of Transportation
Ramp Control
Ramp meteringRamp closure Signal control at off-
rampsFreeway-to-freeway
connector metering Source: Neudorff, L.G., J. E. Randall, R. Reiss, R. Gordon, Freeway Management and Operations Handbook. Prepared for FHWA, Washington, DC, September 2003.
14U.S. Department of Transportation
Ramp Metering Strategies
Isolated or coordinated Pre-timed, traffic
responsive, or adaptive Preferential treatment
of HOV, transit, emergency vehicles, or trucks
Source: Jacobson, L., J. Stribiak, L.Nelson, and D. Sallman, Ramp Management and Control Handbook. Report No. FHWA-HOP-06-001, Produced for FHWA by PB Farradyne, Washington, DC, January 2006.
15U.S. Department of Transportation
Ramp Metering Issues
Mainline vs. ramp performance
Impacts on other facilities Public perception of
adverse effects Public outreach efforts Coordination with other
agenciesSource: Jacobson, L., J. Stribiak, L. Nelson, and D. Sallman, Ramp Management and Control Handbook. Report No. FHWA-HOP-06-001, Produced for FHWA by PB Farradyne, Washington, DC, January 2006.
16U.S. Department of Transportation
Ramp Metering Benefits — MN Study
9% increase in throughput
14% decrease in travel time
Travel time reliability improvement
26% decrease in crashes Benefit to cost ratio of 15
to 1
Courtesy: Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT)
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Multimedia Example
Ramp Metering: Signal for Success - Federal Highway Administration Video can be found at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rsvaGXW6moA
18U.S. Department of Transportation
Managed Lanes
High occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes
High occupancy toll (HOT) lanes
Express toll lanes (ETL)Truck-only toll (TOT)
lanesBus lanesOther special use lanes
Source: Managed Lanes—A Primer. Sponsored by FHWA, Washington, DC, August 2008.
19U.S. Department of Transportation
Managed LaneStrategies and Considerations
Pricing strategies (fixed or dynamic)
Vehicle eligibilityAccess controlEnforcementPublic outreachModeling and analysis Source: Managed Lanes—A Primer. Sponsored by FHWA,
Washington, DC, August 2008.
20U.S. Department of Transportation
Multimedia Example FDOT 95 Express video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1VzpFcfU78
Courtesy: Florida Department of Transportation
21U.S. Department of Transportation
Other Active Traffic Management
Variable speed limitQueue warningLane controlReversible lanesHard shoulder runningBus-on-shoulder
Source: Fuh, C., Synthesis of Active Traffic Management: Experiences in Europe and the United States. Publication # FHWA-HOP-10-031, Prepared for FHWA by Parsons Brinckerhoff, Washington, DC, March 2010.
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Arterial Systems
Signal systemsBus priorityEmergency vehicle
preemptionRail-road crossing
preemptionParking informationSystem/equipment
monitoring
Source: “Planning for Success: Applying Systems Engineering to ASCT Implementation.” Presentation by Eddie Curtis, FHWA Office of Operations/Resource Center.
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Signal OperationsUpdates based on:
□Performance measurements
□Operational objectivesSignal timing
□Manual □Optimization tools □Fine-tuning
Source: Koonce, P., L. Rodegerdts, K. Lee, S. Quayle, S. Beaird, C. Braud, J. Bonneson, P. Tarnoff, and T. Urbanik, “Traffic Signal Timing Manual.” Produced for FHWA, Contract No. DTFH61-98-C-00075, Task Order No. B98C75-009, Washington, DC, June 2008.
24U.S. Department of Transportation
Multimedia ExampleThe Southwestern
Pennsylvania Commission - before and after videos of signal retiming:□http://
www.spcregion.org/trans_ops_traff_vids.shtml
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Multimedia Example
Coordinating traffic signals video:
(http://www.marc.org/transportation/ogl/video.htm)
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Advanced Signal Control Strategies
Traffic responsive control - initially proposed
Adaptive signal control technology
FHWA Model Systems Engineering Document for ASCT
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Multimedia ExamplesSanta Clara County
adaptive signal timing video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=doXpCB3_nDA
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Preemption at Railroad Crossing
Clear queues backing to tracks
Prevent spillback to adjacent intersections
MUTCD requires preemption within 200' of track
Longer distance may be necessary
Source: Skehan, S., “Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Preemption Seminar Sacramento.” California, October 10–11, 2007.
29U.S. Department of Transportation
Emergency Vehicle Preemption (EVP)
Improve response time, safety, and stress levels
Selection of supporting technology
Selection of EVP locations
Routing EV around congestion
Source: Koonce, P., L. Rodegerdts, K. Lee, S. Quayle, S. Beaird, C. Braud J. Bonneson, P. Tarnoff, and T. Urbanik, Traffic Signal Timing Manual. Produced for FHWA, Contract No. DTFH61-98-C-00075. Task Order No. B98C75-009, Washington, DC, June 2008.
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Transit Signal Priority (TSP)
Active TSP approaches □Early green, green
extension, phase insertion, phase rotation
Passive TSP Queue jumpers Full bus lanes on arterials Bus-on-shoulders Transit on managed lanes
Source: Smith, H., B. Hemily, M. Ivanovic, Transit Signal Priority (TSP): A Planning and Implementation Handbook. Prepared for the United States Department of Transportation, Washington, DC, May 2005.
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Integrated Corridor Management (ICM)
Information sharing and coordination between agencies
Improvement of operational efficiency based on coordinated operation
Promotion of cross-network shifts
Planning for operations
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Practice review Initial feasibility researchTechnical guidance Analytic tools and
methods Modeling, demonstration,
and evaluation of ICM approaches
USDOT ICM Program
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Transportation Management Centers (TMC)
Focal point of transportation management systems
Focal point of coordinating with and communicating with other agencies
Courtesy of Florida Department of Transportation
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TMC Classifications
Freeway Management Centers
Traffic Signal System Centers
Transit Management Centers
Multijurisdictional/Multimodal TMCs
Source: Neudorff, L.G., J. E. Randall, R. Reiss, R. Gordon, Freeway Management and Operations Handbook. Prepared for FHWA, Washington, DC, September 2003.
35U.S. Department of Transportation
Multimedia Example Videos describing Florida
Department of Transportation TMC Software Statewide deployment:
http://www.itsa.wikispaces.net/file/view/SUNGUIDE1.mp4, ttp://www.itsa.wikispaces.net/file/view/SUNGUIDE2.mp4, and http://www.itsa.wikispaces.net/file/view/SUNGUIDE3.mp4
Courtesy of Florida Department of Transportation
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Center-to-Center Coordination
Sharing of information such as during events
Coordinated strategyCoordinated control
(e.g., signal control in adjacent jurisdictions)
Source: Neudorff, L.G., J. E. Randall, R. Reiss, and R. Gordon, Freeway Management and Operations Handbook. Prepared for FHWA, Washington, DC, September 2003.
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Multijurisdictional/Multimodal TMCs
Seamless travel information across jurisdictional boundaries
More effective and integrated management
Cost savings Improved working
relationships Need formal agreement
Source: Information Sharing Guidebook forTransportation Management Centers, Emergency Operation Centers, and Fusion Centers. Prepared for FHWA, Washington, DC, June 2010.
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TMS Device Maintenance
Preventive maintenance
Responsive maintenance
Emergency maintenance
Continuous funding is a main issue
Courtesy Schneider Electric (formerly Telvent)
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Transportation Data
Performance measurements Planning for operations Decision support tools Predictive modeling Impact assessment Modeling and operational
analysis
Courtesy: Florida Department of Transportation
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Transportation Data Issues
Resources and funding Central warehouse vs. virtual
warehouse Data quality Data fusion Adequate documentation Accessibility Maintainability Ease of use
Courtesy: Florida Department of Transportation
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USDOT Data Capture Program
Support acquisition and provision of integrated, multisource data
Enable the development of data environments
Source: USDOT RITA Web site (http://www.its.dot.gov/)
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Connected Vehicles (CV)
Detailed probe data (type, quality, and quantity)
Communication between TMC, drivers, and vehicles
Better analysis of performance and responses
Source: USDOT RITA Web site (http://www.its.dot.gov/data_capture/data_capture.htm)
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Connected Vehicle- Example Applications
Integrated Corridor Management (ICM)
Weather-responsive management
Signal control Signal information
dissemination Priority and preemption Active traffic management Automated highway
applications
Source: USDOT RITA Web site (http://www.its.dot.gov/)
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Summary
TMS strategies contribute significantly to improving mobility, reliability, safety, transportation security, and emergency response
TMS contributions will increase in the coming years as the available technologies and associated strategies continue to advance
Connected vehicle-highway technologies offer the potential for significantly enhancing all processes of TSM&O
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Questions
1. What are the four basic functions of transportation management?
2. Give examples of freeway management and arterial management applications.
3. What are the types of surveillance systems and which type is required for ramp metering?
4. List two issues associated with DMS applications and two issues associated with ramp metering.
5. Is it true that adaptive signal control is expected to provide benefits under all conditions?
6. List the benefits of emergency vehicle preemption.
7. Discuss issues associated with data archiving.
8. Give examples of potential connected vehicle applications in TMS.