IT & Organisational Knowledge Management
25
IT & Organisational Knowledge Management Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) IT/HRD Seminar 2005 Organised by NTT MSC Sdn Bhd Manimohan, Manager, Academic Quality Asia Pacific University College of Technology & Innovation (formerly APIIT) email address: [email protected]
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Transcript of IT & Organisational Knowledge Management
IT & Organisational Knowledge Management
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) IT/HRD Seminar 2005 Organised by NTT MSC Sdn Bhd
Manimohan, Manager, Academic Quality Asia Pacific University College of Technology & Innovation (formerly APIIT) email address: [email protected]
Manimohan 2005 Slide 2 (of 25)
Overview
Organisational concerns
Value in modern organisations
From Data to Value
Knowledge Management
Organisational Knowledge
Information & Knowledge Management
IT, Automation & Knowledge Management
Infrastructure & Infostructure
Knowledge Management & e-learning
Manimohan 2005 Slide 3 (of 25)
Organisational Concerns Today
Globalisation & Open Markets
Rapid, discontinuous Technology Change
Little Brand Loyalty
New marketing & distribution models
Manimohan 2005 Slide 4 (of 25)
Organisational Survival
Organisational Survival & Growth
Building/maintaining Market Share
Coping with shrinking Margins
Product/Service Differentiation
Pressure to reduce Time to Market
Need for Flexibility & Agility
Manimohan 2005 Slide 5 (of 25)
Historical perspective of VALUE
Value over the Ages Hunter-Gatherer – Speed & Strength
Agricultural Age – Land & Water
Industrial Age – Labour & Automation
Information Age – Data & Analysis
Knowledge Age – Synthesis & Creation
Manimohan 2005 Slide 6 (of 25)
Information & Knowledge constitute VALUE
Information & Knowledge are the key to organisational strength and indeed, its very survival today
A primary concern of today therefore is:
How can an organisation locate, create, collect, organise, store, analyse, enhance, increase and leverage knowledge?
Manimohan 2005 Slide 7 (of 25)
A collection of data is not information
A collection of information is not knowledge
A collection of knowledge is not wisdom
A collection of wisdom is not truth
Fleming, Neil. Coping with a Revolution: Will the Internet Change Learning?,
Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand
What value data?
Manimohan 2005 Slide 8 (of 25)
From Data to Value
data
information
knowledge
wisdom
understanding relations
understanding patterns
understanding principles
context independence
understanding From: Gene Bellinger (2004)
Hence the interest in “Knowledge Management”
Value $$$
Manimohan 2005 Slide 9 (of 25)
"Knowledge Management refers to the critical issues of organizational adaptation, survival and competence against discontinuous environmental change. Essentially it embodies organizational processes that seek synergistic combination of data and information processing capacity of information technologies, and the creative and innovative capacity of human beings.“ Definition proposed by Dr. Yogesh Malhotra, the founding chairman and chief knowledge architect of the New York based research and advisory firm BRINT Institute, LLC (http://www.brint.com/press).
Knowledge Management – A definition
Manimohan 2005 Slide 10 (of 25)
What is Organisational Knowledge?
Organisational Knowledge Sources:
Policies & Processes
Transactional Data
Market & Customer Knowledge
Human Skills & Knowledge
Manimohan 2005 Slide 11 (of 25)
Information & Knowledge ‘management’?
Policies & Processes
Policy Documents; Operating Manuals
Often created without user participation - compliance
Most often manually maintained
Control and Maintenance Issues
Access is always a problem for people who need it most
Manimohan 2005 Slide 12 (of 25)
Transactional Data
Accounting Systems; Data Warehouses
Mostly automated today
Not always consolidated
Often in different systems & formats
Consolidation & Analysis difficult
Data Warehousing & Mining expensive & time consuming
Analysis, if available is historical and exclusive to few
Information & Knowledge ‘management’?
Manimohan 2005 Slide 13 (of 25)
Market & Customer Knowledge
Sales Records; Salespeople’s personal knowledge
Probably automated today
Consolidation & Trend Analysis may be available
Data Warehousing & Mining expensive & time consuming
Analysis, if available is historical and exclusive to few
Information & Knowledge ‘management’?
Manimohan 2005 Slide 14 (of 25)
Human Skills & Knowledge (Intellectual Capital)
Employees’ internalised knowledge & skills
Most often not recorded in any formal manner
Training is just repeated for new employees
Exceptions/modifications/improvements not captured
Access across organisation is virtually non-existent
Tendency to ‘walk out of the door’
Information & Knowledge ‘management’?
Manimohan 2005 Slide 15 (of 25)
Organisational Knowledge Requirements
Strategic Management
Analysis & Long-Term Planning
Requires Strategic Knowledge & Wisdom
Tactical Management
Short-term planning & execution
Requires Information & Knowledge
Operational Activities
Day to Day execution
Requires Skills & Data at hand
Manimohan 2005 Slide 16 (of 25)
Knowledge is Power (?)
The mere possession of knowledge is of no practical use
Knowledge is Power only to the extent that it can be accessed and applied to a specific problem or situation
Knowledge is of maximum use when it can be leveraged and brought to bear effectively for organisational purposes
Power of Information & Knowledge
Manimohan 2005 Slide 17 (of 25)
Merely investing in IT and Systems does not bring about successful organisational affects
Fundamental understanding of the organisation’s people and their needs is paramount
Integrated means of accessing knowledge for working, communication, coordination & collaboration
IT & Automation = Knowledge Management ?
Manimohan 2005 Slide 18 (of 25)
What is usually available is Infrastructure
The nuts and bolts – HW; SW; Systems; Networks
What is not considered is Infostructure
Who needs to know what, when , where and how?
IT & Automation = Knowledge Management ?
Manimohan 2005 Slide 19 (of 25)
Information & Knowledge Management Infostructure
Islands of Information
Sales
Finance
Research
Marketing
Design &
Engineering
Manufacturing
General
Management
?
Manimohan 2005 Slide 20 (of 25)
IT & Organisational Activity
Infrastructure
Hardware Operating Systems
Network & Communications
Applications
Infostructure
Databases Analysis
Tools
Communication & Collaboration
Tools
Access & ‘e-learning’
People and Tasks
Manimohan 2005 Slide 21 (of 25)
Knowledge Access & e-learning
A definition of e-learning:
"The use of technologies to create, distribute and deliver valuable data, information, learning and knowledge to improve on-the-job and organisational performance and individual development.“ - Lance Dublin
Manimohan 2005 Slide 22 (of 25)
Knowledge Management & e-learning work together
Knowledge Management is about creating, capturing, collecting, storing, and making accessible organisational data, information, knowledge
e-Learning is about creating both formal and informal learning solutions
Providing learning:
just-in-time
on-demand
bite-sized pieces
Manimohan 2005 Slide 23 (of 25)
Its about people!
Organisational policy & will
Leveraging knowledge by empowerment
Positive attitude to capturing, organising and making accessible organisational knowledge
Culture of capturing & sharing
Innovation & flexibility for users
Manimohan 2005 Slide 24 (of 25)
Its not about Technology!
