Issues with Ethanol as an Additive in Non- Road Motor Fuel
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Issues with Ethanol as an Additive in Non- Road Motor Fuel
IBEX
Presented By: John McKnight, NMMA
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Ethanol GASOLINE
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What are the effects of ethanol
• Alcohol is a solvent
• Effective cleaning agentIt will clean the boat fuel tank and the marina’ s fuel tank.
• Alcohol absorbs waterIt will dry out materials if they are not designed for ethanol (gaskets /
hoses) and it attracts water into the fuel
• Alcohol separates from fuel more readily than MTBE or tolueneWhen it separates from solution it will evaporate more readily and that
will lower the octane level in the fuel.
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Acceptable Operating Range
Limit for Emission Compliance
Limit for Acceptable Operation
Operation on Neat Gasoline
Operation on E10 Gasoline
Operation on E20
Gasoline
Lean Air:Fuel Ratio Rich
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E-20’s Impact on Current, Exhaust- Emission Compliant Small Engines
• Exhaust temperatures up 100°F
• Peak cylinder pressures higher
• Combustion deposits
• Cylinder head gasket burned & failed
• Exhaust valve burned
• Cylinder bore scored– 25 hours light duty emissions testing– Lost cylinder compression– Lost 20% power
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E-20 Implications on Engine Durability
Cylinder head gasket burned
Lost seal
Exhaust leak out
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Cylinder Bore scoring
Deposits
E-20 Implications on Engine Durability
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Engine Durability Implications with E-20
Head bolts discolored due to heat and carbon build up from exhaust gas
blowing past bolt.
1 7654
1
32 8
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EPA Waiver Criteria
• Manufacturer must demonstrate that E20:– Will not cause or contribute to the failure of any vehicle to comply with
emission standards over it useful life.– Testing must be completed to access the impact on
Tailpipe emissionsEvaporative emissionsMaterials compatibilityDrivability
– Registration of a fuel additive also requires testing to characterize compounds for potential health effects
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NMMA Strategy
• Continue to work with the industry coalition;
• Collect data specific to the impact of E-20 on recreational marine engines and fuel systems;
• Build a technical case focusing on the waiver criteria against incremental increases in ethanol content;
• With solid documentation present this information to the Minnesota representatives, both state and federal;
• Post ethanol information on the NMMA website and make this information available to the public and press;
• http://www.nmma.org/government/environmental/
• Develop an NMMA Position that considers the potential national trend towards increase use of reformulated fuels.