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Islamic Development Bank

KEY SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATISTICS

ON IDB MEMBER COUNTRIES

STATISTICAL MONOGRAPH NO. 23

ECONOMIC POLICY AND STRATEGIC DEPARTMENT

Jumada – II 1424H (May 2003)

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PREFACE

This 23rd edition of the Statistical Monograph of the Islamic Development Bank presents data on major development indicators of the IDB members' economies.

Its primary purpose is to fill the gap in aggregate statistics on indicators of IDB member countries which are often not readily available in any international and national statistical publications. Thus, the Monograph attempts to help researchers on IDB member countries to have access to comparable data as well as reliable aggregate statistics for use in their works.

The indicators covered in this Statistical Monograph are grouped under three main headings: Demographic and Human Development Indicators (Part 1), Macro-economic Indicators (Part II) and External Sector Economic Indicators (Part III). Part 1 provides indicators on demography, population structure, vital statistic, health, education, poverty and human development, information and communication technology, employment, wage, productivity and competitiveness, environment, land use, food and agricultural production, which are used to assess progress in social and human development. Part II provides information on national accounts, government finance, inflation, money supply, and exchange rates and interest rate. National accounts data provide essential information on the economic performance in terms of growth and structure of output, investments and savings. Part III provides indicators on external trade, balance of payments, external debt and financial flows.

In each part, the Monograph presents highlights of major trends and analysis of the indicators covered. In addition, it also shows the performances of IDB and OIC economies for various years since 1980, together with, for comparative purposes, those of developing countries, least developed countries, high-income countries, and the world.

In December 2002, the World Bank set up a Live Database at the IDB which has since enhanced our statistical capacity to generate and use timely development indicators. The production of this Monograph would not have been possible without the IDB Live Database which contains 592 indicators. For this reason, we are especially grateful to the World Bank team, Messers. Shahin Outadi (senior information officer of Development Data Group (DECDG)) and Tariqul Khan, (senior database administrator of Africa region operational quality and knowledge (AFTKL)) for their unrelentless efforts in attending to our enquiries promptly and in trouble shooting problems related to the update and usage of the IDB Live database.

This Monograph has also derived data from the publications and CD ROMs of several international institutions including the IMF, UNCTAD, FAO, UNDP, WRI, and OECD. We would like to register our thanks to all these institutions for their cooperation and continuous exchange of data with us.

This Statistical Monograph was prepared in the Statistics Section of the Economic Policy and Strategic Planning Department of the Islamic Development Bank under the overall supervision of Dr. Abdullateef Bello and assisted by Br. Abul-Bashar Majumder.

STATISTICS SECTION ECONOMIC POLICY DIVISION

ECONOMIC POLICY AND STRATEGIC PLANNING DEPARTMENT

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CONTENTS

Symbols, Acronyms and Abbreviations………………………………………...…………………..x Data Sources………………………………………………………………………………………….xi

PART I: DEMOGRAPHIC AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS Table No. Page No. Highlights…………………………………………………………………………. 3

1.1 Demographic Statistics…………………………………………………………..9 Mid-Year Population Population Growth rate 1.2 Population structure….…………………………………………………………..10

Gender Population age composition Dependency ratios

1.3 Vital Statistics……………………………………………………………………..11 Population Density Crude Birth Rate Crude Death Rate Total Fertility Rate 1.4 Mortality …………………………………………………………………………12 Under-5 Mortality Rate Infant Mortality Rate Maternal Mortality Rate 1.5 Education …………………………………………………………………………13 Adult Illiteracy Rate Gross Primary School Enrolment Ratio Gross Secondary School Enrolment Ratio 1.6 Health ……………………………………………………………………………...14

Life Expectancy at birth Access to Safe Water Access to Sanitation Access to Drugs Physicians Hospital Beds

1.7 Health Expenditure……………………………………………………………...15

Total health expenditure (% GDP) Public expenditure on health (% GDP)

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Private expenditure on health (% GDP) Health expenditure per capita (US$)

1.8 Poverty and Human Development……………………………………………16 Population below national poverty line Population below $1 a day and $2 a day

Human Poverty Index Gini Index Human Development Index

1.9 Information and Communication Technology Indicators………………17 Daily Newspapers Radio Television sets Telephone mainlines Personal Computers Internet Users ICT expenditure

1.10 Science and Technology….……………………………………………………18 Scientists and engineers in R&D Technicians in R&D Science and technical journal articles Expenditures for R&D High-technology exports Royalty and license fees Patent applications filed Trademark applications filed 1.11 Employment………………………………………………………………………19

Labor force Percentage of labour force in Agriculture Percentage of labour force in Industry Percentage of labour force in Services

1.12 Wage, Productivity, and Competitiveness………………………………….20 Average hours worked Minimum wage Labor cost per worker in manufacturing Value-added per worker in manufacturing World Competitiveness Ranking

1.13 Environment …………………………………………………………………….21 Forest area Deforestation CO2 emissions

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1.14 Land Use ………………………………………………………………………..22 Total Area Agriculture (Cropped Land) Others Arable Land per capita

1.15 Food Production ………………………………………………………………..23

Wheat Maize

Rice

1.16 Agricultural and Per Capita Production Indices……………………………24 1.17 Food and Per Capita Production Indices……………………………………25 PART II: MACRO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS ………………………………………………….27 Highlights…………………………………………………………………….……29

2.1 Output (Gross Domestic Product)…………………………………………....33 2.2 Growth of Output ………………………………………………………………..34

2.3 Structure of Output……………………………………………………………...35 Agriculture Industry Manufacturing Services 2.4 Sectoral Growth Rates …………………………………………………………36

Agriculture Industry Manufacturing Services 2.5 Per Capita Output and Income………………………………………………...37 Gross National Product Per Capita GNP

Per Capita GDP 2.6 Structure of Demand………………………………………………………….38 Private Consumption Government Consumption Gross Domestic Investment Export of Goods & Services Import of Goods & Services 2.7 Investment, Saving, and Resource Gap…..…………………………………39 Gross National Savings Gross Domestic Investment Gross Domestic Savings Resource Gap

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2.8 Growth of Demand………………………………………………………………40 Private Consumption Government Consumption Gross Domestic Investment Export of Goods & Services 2.9 Government Finance……………………………………………………………41 Revenue Expenditure and net lending Budget Surplus/Deficit 2.10 Inflation……….……………………………………………………………………42 All Items Annual Average Food Annual Average 2.11 GDP Implicit Deflator……………………………………………………………43 Annual percentage change Growth Rate 2.12 Relative Prices and Exchange Rates…………………………………………44 Official exchange rate Ratio of official to parallel exchange rate Real effective exchange rate Purchasing power parity conversion factor Interest rate Deposit Lending Real 2.13 Money Supply…………………………………………………………………….45 Narrow Money (M1) Broad Money (M2) 2.14 Financial Depth and Efficiency….…………………………………………….46 Domestic credit by banking sector Liquid liabilities Quasi-liquid liabilities Ratio of bank liquid reserves to bank assets Interest rate spread Spread over LIBOR

PART III: EXTERNAL SECTOR ECONOMIC INDICATORS ………………………………. 47 Highlights………………………………………………………………………….49

3.1 Merchandise Exports (f.o.b)……………………………………………………51 Growth rate 3.2 Merchandise Import (c.i.f)………………………………………………………52 Growth rate

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3.3 Terms of Trade………………………………………… ……………..53 3.4 Structure of merchandise exports…………………………………54

3.5 Structure of merchandise imports………………………………. 55

3.6 Tariff……………………………………………………………….……..56

All products Primary products Manufactured products 3.7 Intra-Member Countries Trade………………………..……………..57

Intra-Member Countries Exports Intra-Member Countries Imports

Openness of economy 3.8 Direction of Trade: Merchandise Exports.…………………………………..58

3.9 Direction of Trade: Merchandise Imports.…………………………………..59

3.10 Intra-IDB trade by Regional groupings………………………………………60

3.11 Exports of Five Core Commodities…………………………………………..61 3.12 Imports of Five Core Commodities…………………………………………..64 3.13 Balance of Payments……………………………………………………………67 Goods and Services Net Income Net current transfer Current account balance 3.14 International Reserves and Ratio to Imports……………………………….68 3.15 Debt Indicators…………………………………………………………………..69 Present value of debt Percentage of GNP Percentage of Exports Total External Debt Percentage of GNP Percentage of Exports Debt Service Percentage of GNP Percentage of Exports 3.16 Net Financial Flows……………………………………………………………..70 Net Resource Flows Official Development Assistance Foreign Direct Investment 3.17 Investment Climate………………………………………………………………71

Composite ICRG risk rating Institutional Investor credit rating

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Euromoney country credit-worthiness rating Moody's sovereign long-term debt rating S&P's sovereign long-term debt rating

3.18 Private Sector Development…………….……………………………………..72 3.19 Project financing of the IDB Group ……………………………………...… .73 3.20 IDB Trade Financing, Waqf Fund, and Total Operations……………..…..76

Technical Note……………………………………………………………………………………….79 Glossary………………………………………………………………………………………………83

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SYMBOLS, ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Symbols .. Data not available

0.0 The figure exists, but in rounding is set equal to zero. -- Aggregate is not computed because more than one-third of the observations in

the series is missing in a given year. % Percentage '000 Thousands

Acronyms and Abbreviations c.i.f Cost, insurance, and freight f.o.b Free on board FAO Food and Agricultural Organization GDP Gross Domestic Product GNP Gross National Product GNI Gross National Income IDB Islamic Development Bank IMF International Monetary Fund LDCs Least Developed Countries MCs IDB Member Countries MFIs Multilateral Financial Institutions ODA Official Development Assistance OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OIC Organization of the Islamic Conference UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNDP United Nations Development Programme WRI World Resources Institute XGS Export of goods and services

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Data Sources

The data used in this publication are sourced from various documents and CD ROMs of the following international institutions: 1. FAO, FAOSTAT Online July 2003. 2. IDB, Live Database (set-up by the World Bank), August 2003. 3. IMF, Balance of Payments Statistics, Yearbook 2002. 4. IMF, Direction of Trade Statistic, CD ROM March 2003. 5. IMF, International Financial Statistics, Online July 2003. 6. OECD, International Development Statistics, 2003. 7. UNCTAD, Handbook of International Trade and Development Statistics, CD ROM 2002. 8. UNDP, Human Development Report, 2003. 9. World Bank, Global Development Finance, CD ROM, 2002. 10. World Bank, World Development Indicators, CD ROM 2003 11. WRI, World Resources 2000-2002.

PART I

DEMOGRAPHIC AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS

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Trends in population growth rates (1980-2001)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001Year

%

IDB MCs LDCsDevelopin High-incomeWorld

1. DEMOGRAPHIC AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS

1.1 Population

Of the approximately 6.1 billion people who lived on the surface of the earth in 2001, 1.2 billion were in the IDB member countries. In other words, one in five of the world's population lived in IDB member countries in 2001. The IDB member countries with over 100 million people in 2001 were Indonesia (209 million), Pakistan (142 million), and Bangladesh (133 million). In contrast, the least populated IDB member countries in 2001 were Brunei (0.3 million), Maldives (0.3 million) and Suriname (0.4 million). In terms of population growth rate, the IDB member countries, on average, recorded a 2.2 per cent growth during the period 1980-2001 as compared to 1.5 for the world, 0.7 for the High income countries, 1.7 for the developing countries, and 2.5 for the least developed countries during the same period. At the level of countries, the fastest population growth rates in 1980-2001 were recorded by United Arab Emirates (5 per cent), Qatar (4.6 per cent), Palestine (4.1 per cent), and Jordan (4 per cent). On the other hand, the countries with the lowest population growth rate in 2001 were Kazakhstan (0.01 per cent), Albania (0.8 per cent), and Suriname (0.8 per cent). The gender structure (male-female ratio) of the IDB member countries showed that in 2001 there were more males than females: 51 per cent versus 49 per cent. A closer look at the individual countries revealed that in two countries (Qatar and UAE) males population nearly doubled those of the females, whilst in 12 countries (Azerbaijan, Benin, Chad, Djibouti, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Lebanon, Mali, Mozambique, and Sierra-Leone) the proportion of females exceeded the males by at least two percentage points. In 2001, youths (aged 0-14 years) accounted for 37 per cent of the total population of the IDB member countries, with 59 per cent in the working age group (15-64 years) and the remaining 4 per cent in old age group (65+ years). The youth-dependency ratio for the IDB member countries as a group was high at 69 per cent in 2001, compared to the world at 56 per cent, the High-income countries at 35 per cent, and the developing countries at 59 per cent. The overall dependency ratio (combining the youth and old aged groups) remained high at 76 per cent for IDB member countries in 2001, as against 69 per cent for the world, 62 per cent for the high-income countries, and 70 percent for the developing countries. 1.2 Vital Statistics and Mortality The population density of the combined IDB member countries has increased from 26 persons per square kilometers (km) in 1980 to 39 persons per square km in 2001. These figures are comparable with those of high-income countries (27 persons/sq. km in 1980 as against 29 persons/sq. km in 2001) and LDCs (21 persons/sq. km in 1980 compared to 27 persons/sq. km in 2001) but are significantly lower than those of the developing countries (47 persons/sq. km in 1980 versus 57 persons/sq. km in 2001) and the world (41 persons/sq. km in 1980 compared with 49 persons/sq. km in 2001). In other words, there are, on the average, fewer people per square km in IDB member countries as a group than the respective average population densities of the world and developing countries. It is noteworthy that nearly half of the IDB member countries in 2001 had population density higher than the average of the world's population density. The crude birth rate of IDB member countries as a group dropped sharply from 40 per 1,000 persons in 1980 to 28 per 1,000 persons in 2001. The crude death rate, which followed the

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same trend also, dropped from 14 per 1,000 persons in 1980 to 9 per 1,000 persons in 2001. Consequently, the natural growth rate of population ---the difference between the crude birth rate and crude death rate--- inched down from 26 per 1,000 persons in 1980 to 19 per 1,000 persons in 2001. As regard the total fertility rate, the IDB member countries as a group has recorded a decrease from 6 births per woman in 1980 to 4 births per woman in 2001; this is still high relative to the averages for the developing countries and the world which had 4 births per woman in 1980 and 3 births per woman in 2001 respectively. In terms of mortality indicators, the IDB member countries as a group has seen significant drop to almost half of their 1980's figures: Under-5 mortality rate which was 154 per 1,000 live births in 1980 dropped to 85 per 1,000 live births in 2001, and the infant mortality rate of 101 per 1,000 live births in 1980 also dropped to 60 per 1,000 live births in 2010. While these figures are indicative of some positive improvement, more concerted efforts are needed from member countries in tandem with other MFIs to meet the Millennium Declaration goals that targeted a reduction of both infant and under-5 mortality rates by two-thirds in 2015. 1.3 Education

Universal primary education for all the world's population is declared as one of the Millennium development goals. In order to achieve this goal, illiteracy rate must be reduced considerably. The IDB member countries as a group has recorded a drop in adult illiteracy rate from 54 per cent in 1980 to 37 per cent in 2001, but it lagged behind the developing countries which had illiteracy rate of 38 per cent in 1980 and 24 per cent in 2001. Amongst the IDB member countries, illiteracy rate ranged from 1 per cent in Kazakhstan and Tajikistan to 75 per cent in Burkina Faso in 2001. However, in terms of enrollment in primary and secondary schools, the average ratios for the IDB member countries increased respectively by 15 per cent and 23 per cent between 1980 and 2001. At the country level, 1o IDB member countries witnessed a decline in gross primary school enrolment ratio whilst 3 countries also experienced a drop in gross secondary school enrolment ratio since 1980.

1.4 Health

The average life expectancy at birth for IDB member countries as a group increased by 8 years from 54 years in 1980 to 62 years in 2001; this trend contrasts sharply with the average of 64 years for the developing countries in 2001. The proportion of population in IDB member countries with access to safe water, sanitation, and drugs increased generally in most of the years for which data are available. During the year 2000, the population with access to improved safe water in IDB member countries ranged from Chad (27 per cent) to Djibouti, Lebanon, and Maldives (100 per cent). whilst the population with access to sanitation also ranged from Niger (20 per cent) to Kyrgyz Republic, Palestine, and Saudi Arabia (100 per cent). Out of every 1,000 people in IDB member countries, there was an average of 0.6 physicians in 1980 but over the period 1990-2002, the number of physicians in IDB member countries varied from 3 per 1,000 people in Burkina Faso and Chad to 357 per 1,000 people in Azerbaijan. Total health expenditure, as per cent of GDP, for the IDB member countries as a group increased marginally from 3.7 per cent in 1990 to 4.1 per cent in 2000. This figure for 2000 is not at par with the average for the world at 9.3 per cent, high-income countries at 10.2 per

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cent, and developing countries at 5.6 per cent. The individual IDB member countries' share of health expenditure in 2000 varied from 1.0 per cent of GDP in Afghanistan to 8.1 per cent of the GDP in Jordan. The shares of the public and private expenditures on health in IDB member countries as a group were respectively 2.4 and 1.7 per cent of the GDP in 2000 compared to the world at 5.4 per cent and 3.9 per cent of GDP respectively. The per capita health expenditure of the IDB member countries as a group dropped from US$71 in 1990 to US$66 in 2000 whereas the figures for other economic groupings showed an upward trend (developing countries from US$ 43 in 1990 to US$71 in 2000; high-income countries from US$1,742 in 1990 to US$2,736 in 2000; and the world from US$359 in 1990 to US$482 in 2000).

1.5 Poverty and Human Development Poverty reduction is a recent strategic focus of most multilateral financing institutions including the IDB. This paradigm shift is spurred by the increasing economic problems facing a number of developing countries including the IDB member countries. The share of population below the poverty line in IDB member countries ranged from 11.7 per cent in Jordan to 68 per cent in Azerbaijan and Sierra Leone for the various survey years for which data were available. At the international level, the proportion of population below $1 a day in IDB member countries ranged from less than 2 per cent (Algeria, Iran, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Tunisia, and Turkey) to 82 per cent (Uganda). In contrast, the proportion of population below $2 a day in IDB member countries ranged from 7.3 per cent (Iran) to 96.4 per cent (Uganda). Similarly, the proportion of people who are left out of progress (i.e. deprived) in IDB member countries, measured by human poverty index, ranged from 7.5 per cent (Jordan) to 61.8 per cent (Niger) in 2001. However, in terms of human development index (HDI) of 2001, 5 IDB member countries (Brunei with rank 31, Bahrain with rank 37, Qatar with rank 44, Kuwait with rank 46, and UAE with rank 48) were in high human development category, while 28 countries were in medium human development category (with ranks ranging from 58 to 141), and 18 countries were classified into low medium development category with ranks ranging from 142 to 177. It is interesting to observe that the worst performance in HDI of 2001 were from IDB member countries (Mali with rank 172, Niger with rank 174 and Sierra Leone with rank 175).

1.6 Information and Communication technology

Advancement in information and communication technology (ICT) is regarded as a linchpin for fast economic growth. ICT creates jobs and enables country to leapfrog development as well as attracts investments provided business-friendly environment exists. In 2001, the IDB member countries as a group had an average of 42 daily newspapers per 1,000 people, 206 radios per 1,000 people (compared to the world's average of 419 radios per 1,000 people), 144 television sets per 1,000 people (versus 242 television sets per 1,000 people for the world), and 63 telephone mainlines per 1,000 people (compared to the world's average of 172 telephone mainlines per 1,000 people). In terms of modern communication gadgets, the combined IDB member countries in 2001 had an average of 17 personal computers (PCs) per 1,000 people (compared to the world's average of 86 PCs per 1,000 people) and a total of 19,432 internet users (compared to the world's total of 501,478 internet users). These figures, which are encouraging, show that most member countries are lagging behind in adopting and diffusing ICT for development.

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1.7 Employment indicators Science and technology play an important role in promoting innovation and creating new products and services. Building such “innovation systems” require producing more human capital in R&D. Between 1990 and 2000, the scientists and engineers in R&D in the individual IDB member countries ranged from 2 per million people (Senegal) to 2,799 per million people (Azerbaijan). While the high-technology exports of IDB member countries, on the other hand, ranged from US$ 1 million (Cameroon) to US$ 40,939 (Malaysia) in 2000. By contrast, the patent applications filed by both residents and non-residents in IDB member countries varied from 1 (Guinea Bissau) to 116,129 (Sierra-Leone, mainly by non-residents) in 2000.

1.8 Employment indicators The average labour force, as per cent of population ages 15-64, in IDB member countries as a group, was 73 per cent in 1980, and down to 72 per cent in 2001. Between 1980 and 2000, however, the annual average growth rate of the labour force was -0.1 per cent, which is comparable to the world's average growth rate of -0.1 per cent. Over the period, 1998-01 the percentage of labour force in agriculture varied from 6 per cent in Morocco to 65 per cent in Yemen. Similarly, the percentage of labour force in the industry varied from 8 percent (Yemen) to 36 per cent (Morocco). Also the percentage of labour force in services sector varied from 26 per cent (Yemen) to 58 per cent in Morocco.

1.9 Wage, Productivity, and Competitiveness The average hours worked per week in IDB member countries varied from 43 (Indonesia) to 52 (Bangladesh) during the period 1995-99 and the minimum wage during the same period ranged from US$ 65 per year (Kyrgyz) to US$ 8,244 per year (Kuwait). Productivity, proxied by labor cost per worker or value added per worker in manufacturing, has generally inched up in IDB member countries between the periods 1980-84 and 1995-99, the only few exceptions where productivity (i.e. labor cost per worker) has declined were Algeria (from US$ 6242 in 1980-84 to US$ 2638 in 1995-99), Egypt (from US$ 2210 in 1980-84 to US$ 1863 in 1995-99), Jordan (from US$ 4643 in 1980-84 to US$ 2082 in 1995-99), Kyrgyz (from US$ 2287 in 1980-84 to US$ 687 in 1995-99) and Yemen (from US$ 4492 in 1980-84 to US$ 1291 in 1995-99). In terms of competitiveness, only three IDB member countries have data out of the 49 countries reported in the World Competitiveness Yearbook 2002. Of the three IDB countries, Indonesia maintained its rank of 47 in two consecutive years, 2001 and 2002, while Malaysia improved its rank from 29 in 2001 to 26 in 2002, Turkey slipped from 44 in 2001 to 46 in 2002.

1.10 Land Use and Environment

The share of the arable land of IDB member countries as a group in total land area increased marginally by about 1 percent point from 6.7 per cent in 1980 to 7.5 per cent in 2000. Likewise, the permanent land of IDB member countries accounted for 1.0 per cent of the total land area in 1980 as compared to 1.4 per cent in 2000. Non-agricultural land (i.e. others) of IDB member countries accounted for the lion's share of the total land area at 92 per cent in 1980 and came slightly down to 91 per cent in 2000. On the other hand, the forest area of IDB member countries occupied 13 per cent of the total land area in 2000, which is considerably less than the corresponding figures for the low-income countries at 27 per cent, the developing countries at 31 per cent and the world at 30 per cent. The total forest area of IDB member countries covered 4,021 thousand square km in 2000, which is just about 8 per cent of the forest area of the developing countries and 10 per cent of the world's forest area. Average annual deforestation in IDB member countries stood

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at 0.6 per cent between 1990 and 2000. Carbon dioxide emissions per capita is one of the lowest in the world at 1.2 metric tons in 1980 and nearly surged to 2 metric tons in 1999.

1.11 Food and Agricultural Production

The shares of wheat, maize and rice production of IDB member countries in the world's totals in 2002 were 16.3 per cent, 5 per cent, and 19.3 per cent respectively. Maize production increased by 3.4 per cent from 29,095 thousand metric tons in 2001 to 30,072 thousand metric tons in 2002, and the rice production also increased by 3.8 per cent from 107,241 thousand metric tons in 2001 to 111,257 thousand metric tons in 2000. Similarly, the wheat production increased also by 6.3 per cent from 87,889 thousand metric tons in 2001 to 93,448 thousand metric tons in 2002. The agricultural and food production indices showed upward trend: from 127 in 2000 to 129 in 2002 for agricultural production and from 129 in 2000 to 132 in 2002 for the food production index. However, the par capita agricultural and food production indices showed a downward trend during 1990-2002. This means population growth rate outpaced the food and agricultural productions in IDB member countries as a whole.

Part I: DEMOGRAPHIC AND DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS

Growth Rate*

(%) Country 1980 1985 1990 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1980-2001

Afghanistan 16.0 15.8 17.7 21.9 24.1 25.1 25.9 26.6 27.2 2.6Albania 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 0.8Algeria 18.7 21.9 25.0 28.1 29.0 29.5 30.0 30.4 30.8 2.4Azerbaijan 6.2 6.7 7.2 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.0 8.1 1.3Bahrain 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 3.2Bangladesh 85.4 97.1 110.0 120.1 124.4 126.6 128.8 131.1 133.3 2.1Benin 3.5 4.0 4.7 5.5 5.8 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.4 3.0Brunei 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 2.8Burkina Faso 7.0 7.9 8.9 10.0 10.5 10.7 11.0 11.3 11.6 2.4Cameroon 8.7 10.0 11.6 13.3 13.9 14.2 14.6 14.9 15.2 2.6Chad 4.5 5.1 5.7 6.7 7.1 7.3 7.5 7.7 7.9 2.7Comoros 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 2.5Cote d'Ivoire 8.2 9.9 11.8 13.9 14.7 15.2 15.6 16.0 16.4 3.3Djibouti 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 3.6Egypt 40.9 46.5 52.4 58.2 60.4 61.6 62.8 64.0 65.2 2.2Gabon 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 2.9Gambia 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 3.5Guinea 4.5 5.0 5.8 6.6 6.9 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.6 2.5Guinea-Bissau 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 2.3Indonesia 148.3 163.0 178.2 192.8 198.2 200.9 203.6 206.3 209.0 1.6Iran 39.1 47.1 54.4 59.0 60.9 61.9 62.8 63.7 64.5 2.4Iraq 13.0 15.3 18.1 20.8 21.8 22.3 22.8 23.3 23.8 2.9Jordan 2.2 2.6 3.2 4.2 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.9 5.0 4.0Kazakhstan 14.9 15.6 16.3 16.1 15.8 15.5 15.3 15.1 14.9 0.0Kuwait 1.4 1.7 2.1 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.9Kyrgyz Republic 3.6 4.0 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 1.5Lebanon 3.0 3.3 3.6 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 1.8Libya 3.0 3.8 4.3 4.8 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 2.7Malaysia 13.8 15.7 18.2 20.6 21.7 22.2 22.7 23.3 23.8 2.6Maldives 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 2.7Mali 6.6 7.4 8.5 9.6 10.1 10.3 10.6 10.8 11.1 2.5Mauritania 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7Morocco 19.4 21.6 24.0 26.4 27.3 27.8 28.2 28.7 29.2 1.9Mozambique 12.1 13.5 14.2 15.8 16.6 17.0 17.3 17.7 18.1 1.9Niger 5.6 6.6 7.7 9.1 9.8 10.1 10.5 10.8 11.2 3.3Oman 1.1 1.4 1.6 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.9Pakistan 82.7 94.8 108.0 122.4 128.5 131.6 134.8 138.1 141.5 2.6Palestine .. .. 2.0 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.1 4.1Qatar 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 4.6Saudi Arabia 9.4 12.4 15.8 18.2 19.2 19.7 20.2 20.7 21.4 3.9Senegal 5.5 6.4 7.3 8.3 8.8 9.0 9.3 9.5 9.8 2.7Sierra-Leone 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.5 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 2.2Somalia 6.5 6.6 7.2 7.3 7.9 8.2 8.5 8.8 9.1 1.6Sudan 19.3 22.4 24.8 28.0 29.3 30.0 30.6 31.1 31.7 2.4Suriname 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.8Syria 8.7 10.4 12.1 14.2 15.0 15.4 15.8 16.2 16.6 3.1Tajikistan 4.0 4.6 5.3 5.8 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 2.2Togo 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.7 2.9Tunisia 6.4 7.3 8.2 9.0 9.2 9.3 9.5 9.6 9.7 2.0Turkey 44.5 50.3 56.1 60.6 62.5 63.4 64.3 65.3 66.2 1.9Turkmenistan 2.9 3.2 3.7 4.5 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.4 3.1Uganda 12.8 14.1 16.3 19.2 20.4 21.0 21.6 22.2 22.8 2.7United Arab Emirates 1.0 1.4 1.8 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 5.0Yemen Republic 8.5 10.1 11.9 15.2 16.1 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0 3.6

IDB Member Countries 716.7 812.5 918.5 1,021.0 1,063.1 1,084.1 1,104.9 1,125.8 1,147.1 2.2

Memo:

OIC Countries 804.5 914.6 1,036.0 1,155.8 1,205.2 1,229.7 1,253.9 1,278.2 1,302.8 2.3Least Developed Countries 400.8 454.2 517.3 584.3 615.8 630.7 645.4 660.0 674.7 2.5Developing Countries 3,601.6 3,964.8 4,367.1 4,740.1 4,888.9 4,961.8 5,033.7 5,103.2 5,172.3 1.7High Income Countries 827.4 854.8 884.2 916.9 930.9 937.0 943.3 950.2 957.0 0.7 World 4,429.6 4,820.2 5,252.1 5,657.9 5,820.6 5,899.6 5,977.7 6,054.1 6,130.1 1.5

*Figure for Palestine refers to the period 1990-2001.

Mid-Year Population (million)

Table 1.1: Population

9


Gender Structure Population age composition Dependency ratios*

Male Female 0-14 yrs 15-64 yrs 65+ yrs Young Old Total

% % (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) Country 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001

Afghanistan 51 49 44 53 3 82 5 87Albania 51 49 29 65 7 54 13 67Algeria 51 49 35 61 4 66 7 74Azerbaijan 49 51 28 65 7 53 13 67Bahrain 55 45 29 68 3 55 5 60Bangladesh 50 50 37 59 3 69 6 76Benin 49 51 46 51 3 86 5 91Brunei 53 47 32 65 3 60 5 64Burkina Faso 50 50 47 49 3 88 5 93Cameroon 50 50 42 53 4 78 7 85Chad 49 51 50 50 3 93 6 99Comoros 50 50 43 55 3 81 5 86Cote d'Ivoire 51 49 42 55 3 79 5 83Djibouti 47 53 43 54 3 81 6 87Egypt 51 49 35 61 4 65 8 73Gabon 50 50 40 54 6 75 11 86Gambia 49 51 40 56 3 75 6 81Guinea 50 50 44 53 3 83 5 88Guinea-Bissau 49 51 44 53 4 82 7 89Indonesia 50 50 30 65 5 57 9 65Iran 50 50 33 61 5 61 9 70Iraq 51 49 41 56 3 77 6 82Jordan 52 48 38 57 3 72 6 77Kazakhstan 48 52 26 67 8 49 14 64Kuwait 53 47 32 67 2 60 4 65Kyrgyz Republic 49 51 33 61 6 63 11 74Lebanon 49 51 31 63 6 59 11 70Libya 52 48 34 62 3 63 7 70Malaysia 51 49 34 62 4 63 8 71Maldives 51 49 41 54 4 77 7 84Mali 49 51 47 50 3 88 6 94Mauritania 50 50 44 53 3 82 6 88Morocco 50 50 34 62 4 64 8 72Mozambique 49 51 43 53 4 80 7 87Niger 49 51 49 48 2 92 4 96Oman 53 47 43 54 3 81 5 86Pakistan 52 48 41 55 3 77 6 84Palestine 51 49 46 .. 3 87 6 93Qatar 64 36 26 72 2 48 5 53Saudi Arabia 54 46 41 54 3 77 5 82Senegal 50 50 44 53 3 83 5 88Sierra-Leone 49 51 44 53 3 84 5 88Somalia 50 50 48 50 2 90 5 94Sudan 50 50 40 57 3 75 7 82Suriname 50 50 29 65 5 55 10 65Syria 51 49 40 57 3 75 6 81Tajikistan 50 50 39 58 4 73 8 81Togo 50 50 44 52 3 82 6 88Tunisia 50 50 29 65 6 54 11 65Turkey 51 49 28 65 6 53 11 64Turkmenistan 50 50 36 59 4 68 8 76Uganda 50 50 49 49 2 92 4 96United Arab Emirates 66 34 26 72 3 49 5 54Yemen Republic 51 49 46 49 3 87 5 92

IDB MCs 51 49 37 59 4 69 7 76

Memo: #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!OIC Countries 50 50 37 58 4 70 7 77LDCs 50 50 43 54 3 80 6 86Developing Countries 51 49 32 63 6 59 11 70High Income Countries 49 51 18 67 14 35 27 62World 50 50 30 63 7 56 13 69*dependents as proportion of working age population

Table 1.2: Population Structure

10


Population Density Crude Birth Rate Crude Death Rate Total Fertility Rate

(person/square km) (per 1,000 persons) (per 1,000 persons) (birth per woman)

Country 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001

Afghanistan 24 27 42 50 49 48 23 22 21 7 7 7Albania 97 120 115 29 25 17 6 6 6 4 3 2Algeria 8 11 13 42 31 23 12 7 5 7 4 3Azerbaijan .. .. 94 25 26 16 7 6 6 3 3 2Bahrain 484 729 917 34 27 20 6 5 4 5 4 3Bangladesh 656 845 1,024 44 33 28 18 12 9 6 4 3Benin 31 43 58 49 45 39 19 15 13 7 7 5Brunei 37 49 65 31 26 20 5 4 3 4 3 3Burkina Faso 25 32 42 47 47 44 20 18 19 8 7 6Cameroon 19 25 33 45 41 36 16 13 15 6 6 5Chad 4 5 6 44 47 45 22 19 16 7 7 6Comoros 150 194 256 .. 40 33 .. 12 8 7 6 4Cote d'Ivoire 26 37 52 51 42 37 17 15 17 7 6 5Djibouti 13 20 28 45 40 36 20 17 19 7 6 5Egypt 41 53 65 39 31 25 13 9 6 5 4 3Gabon 3 4 5 33 36 35 19 16 15 4 5 4Gambia 64 93 134 48 45 38 24 20 14 7 6 5Guinea 18 23 31 46 46 38 24 20 17 6 6 5Guinea-Bissau 27 34 44 45 45 40 25 22 20 6 6 6Indonesia 82 98 115 34 25 21 12 9 7 4 3 2Iran 24 33 39 44 31 22 11 7 6 7 5 3Iraq 30 41 54 41 38 30 9 9 8 6 6 4Jordan 25 36 57 .. 36 29 .. 6 4 7 5 4Kazakhstan .. .. 6 24 22 15 8 8 10 3 3 2Kuwait 77 119 115 37 25 20 4 2 2 5 3 3Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 26 30 29 20 9 7 7 4 4 2Lebanon 293 355 429 30 28 20 9 8 6 4 3 2Libya 2 2 3 46 30 27 12 5 4 7 5 3Malaysia 42 55 72 31 29 22 6 5 4 4 4 3Maldives 527 710 934 42 39 29 13 9 5 7 6 4Mali 5 7 9 49 51 46 22 19 21 7 7 6Mauritania 2 2 3 43 44 41 19 16 15 6 6 5Morocco 43 54 65 38 31 22 12 8 6 5 4 3Mozambique 15 18 23 46 45 40 20 19 21 7 6 5Niger 4 6 9 57 56 50 25 23 20 8 8 7Oman 4 5 8 45 44 27 10 5 3 10 7 4Pakistan 107 140 183 47 41 33 15 13 8 7 6 5Palestine .. .. .. .. .. 37 .. .. 4 .. .. 5Qatar 21 44 54 29 25 14 7 4 3 6 4 3Saudi Arabia 4 7 10 43 36 33 9 5 4 7 7 5Senegal 29 38 51 48 43 36 20 16 13 7 6 5Sierra-Leone 45 56 72 49 49 44 29 29 25 7 7 6Somalia 10 11 14 52 52 50 22 23 17 7 7 7Sudan 8 10 13 42 38 34 17 14 11 6 5 5Suriname 2 3 3 28 29 22 8 7 7 4 3 2Syria 47 66 90 46 37 29 9 6 4 7 5 4Tajikistan .. .. 44 37 39 21 8 6 6 6 5 3Togo 46 63 86 45 43 35 16 15 15 7 7 5Tunisia 41 52 62 35 25 17 9 6 6 5 4 2Turkey 58 73 86 32 25 20 10 7 7 4 3 2Turkmenistan .. .. 12 34 34 20 8 7 7 5 4 2Uganda 65 83 116 49 50 45 18 18 18 7 7 6United Arab Emirates 12 22 36 30 24 17 5 3 4 5 4 3Yemen Republic 16 22 34 53 47 41 19 14 11 8 8 6

IDB MCs 26 34 39 40 34 28 14 11 9 6 5 4

Memo:

OIC Countries 28 36 42 41 35 29 14 11 10 6 5 4LDCs 21 27 33 45 42 37 19 16 15 6 6 5Developing Countries 47 57 52 30 28 23 11 9 9 4 3 3High Income Countries 27 29 31 15 14 12 9 9 9 2 2 2World 41 49 47 27 26 21 10 9 9 4 3 3

Table 1.3: Vital Statistics

11


Maternal Mortality Rate

(per 100,000 live births)

Country 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1985-2001a

Afghanistan 280 260 257 183 167 165 ..Albania 57 42 25 47 37 23 ..Algeria 134 69 49 94 42 39 140Azerbaijan 107 106 96 76 84 77 80Bahrain 30 19 16 23 15 13 46Bangladesh 205 144 77 129 96 51 400Benin 214 185 158 127 111 94 500Brunei .. 11 6 18 10 6 ..Burkina Faso 247 210 197 140 118 104 480Cameroon 173 139 155 105 85 96 430Chad 225 203 200 124 118 117 830Comoros 165 120 79 120 88 59 ..Cote d'Ivoire 172 155 175 114 100 102 600Djibouti 199 175 143 137 119 100 ..Egypt 175 104 41 119 76 35 80Gabon 105 90 90 68 60 60 520Gambia 231 154 126 144 103 91 ..Guinea 300 240 169 175 145 109 530Guinea-Bissau 290 253 211 173 153 130 910Indonesia 125 91 45 79 60 33 380Iran 130 72 42 92 54 35 37Iraq 83 50 133 63 40 107 ..Jordan 67 43 33 52 35 27 41Kazakhstan 60 52 99 50 42 81 65Kuwait 35 16 10 27 14 9 5Kyrgyz Republic 115 81 61 90 68 52 65Lebanon 44 37 32 38 32 28 100Libya 70 42 19 55 34 16 75Malaysia 42 21 8 31 16 8 41Maldives 175 115 77 115 80 58 350Mali 295 254 231 171 152 141 580Mauritania 175 183 183 118 120 120 750Morocco 144 85 44 99 66 39 230Mozambique 230 235 197 140 143 125 1100Niger 320 320 265 191 191 156 590Oman 95 30 13 41 25 12 14Pakistan 157 128 109 105 96 84 ..Palestine .. .. 25 .. .. 21 ..Qatar 32 25 16 25 19 11 10Saudi Arabia 85 44 28 65 34 23 ..Senegal 218 148 138 128 90 79 560Sierra-Leone 336 323 316 192 185 182 1800Somalia 225 225 225 133 133 133 ..Sudan 142 123 107 86 75 65 550Suriname 54 44 32 42 35 26 110Syria 73 44 28 54 37 23 110Tajikistan .. 127 116 .. 98 91 65Togo 175 152 141 106 88 79 480Tunisia 100 52 27 72 37 21 70Turkey 133 74 43 103 61 36 130Turkmenistan 133 98 87 67 80 69 65Uganda 180 165 124 108 100 79 510United Arab Emirates 27 14 9 23 12 8 3Yemen Republic 205 142 107 135 98 79 350

IDB Member Countries 154 114 85 101 77 60 ..

Memo:

OIC Countries 156 120 95 101 80 64 ..LDCs 208 182 160 130 116 101 ..Developing Countries 132 101 88 86 68 61 ..High Income Countries 15 10 7 12 8 5 ..World 121 93 81 78 63 56 ..a. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specifie

Infant Mortality Rate Under-5 Mortality Rate

(per 1,000 live births) (per 1,000 live births)

Table 1.4: Mortality Indicators

12


Gross Secondary School

Country 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. 34 27 15 10 9 ..Albania 34 23 15 113 100 107 67 78 78Algeria 63 47 32 94 100 112 33 61 71Azerbaijan .. .. .. 115 114 .. 95 90 ..Bahrain 29 18 12 104 110 103 64 100 101Bangladesh 71 66 59 61 72 100 18 19 46Benin 82 74 61 67 58 95 16 12 ..Brunei 23 14 8 109 115 104 61 69 113Burkina Faso 89 84 75 17 33 44 3 7 10Cameroon 57 42 28 98 101 108 18 28 ..Chad 83 72 56 .. 54 73 .. 8 ..Comoros 48 46 44 86 75 86 22 18 ..Cote d'Ivoire 71 61 50 75 67 81 19 22 23Djibouti 60 47 35 37 38 40 12 12 ..Egypt 61 53 44 73 94 100 50 76 86Gabon .. .. .. .. .. 144 .. .. 60Gambia 84 74 62 53 64 82 11 19 36Guinea .. .. .. 36 37 67 17 10 ..Guinea-Bissau 81 73 60 68 56 .. 6 9 ..Indonesia 31 20 13 107 115 110 29 44 57Iran 50 37 23 87 112 86 42 55 78Iraq 68 64 60 113 111 .. 57 47 ..Jordan 31 18 10 82 71 .. 59 45 ..Kazakhstan 2 1 1 84 87 99 93 98 88Kuwait 32 23 18 102 60 .. 80 43 ..Kyrgyz Republic .. .. .. 116 111 101 110 100 86Lebanon 28 20 14 111 120 99 59 73 76Libya 47 32 19 125 105 116 76 86 90Malaysia 29 19 12 93 94 99 48 56 70Maldives 8 5 3 146 134 131 4 50 55Mali 87 81 74 26 26 61 8 7 ..Mauritania 71 65 59 37 49 83 11 14 21Morocco 71 61 50 83 67 94 26 35 ..Mozambique 76 67 55 99 67 92 5 8 12Niger 92 89 83 25 29 35 5 7 6Oman 64 45 27 51 86 72 12 46 68Pakistan 72 65 56 40 61 74 14 23 24Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 30 23 18 105 97 105 66 81 89Saudi Arabia 49 34 23 61 73 68 29 44 68Senegal 79 72 62 46 59 75 11 16 18Sierra-Leone .. .. .. 52 50 93 14 17 26Somalia .. .. .. 21 11 .. 9 6 ..Sudan 66 54 41 50 53 .. 16 24 ..Suriname .. .. .. .. .. 127 .. .. 87Syria 47 35 25 100 108 109 46 52 43Tajikistan 4 2 1 .. 91 104 .. 102 79Togo 68 56 42 118 109 124 33 24 39Tunisia 55 41 28 102 113 117 27 45 78Turkey 32 22 14 96 99 101 35 47 ..Turkmenistan .. .. .. .. 91 .. .. 107 ..Uganda 54 44 32 50 71 136 5 13 19United Arab Emirates 35 29 23 89 104 99 52 67 75Yemen Republic 80 67 52 .. 58 79 .. 58 ..

IDB MCs 54 45 37 78 85 93 29 39 52

Memo:

OIC Countries 54 45 36 81 86 93 30 39 52LDCs 65 57 47 68 67 85 14 18 30Developing Countries 38 30 24 96 102 .. 41 47 ..High Income Countries .. .. .. 102 103 102 86 94 107World .. .. .. 97 102 .. 49 55 ..

Gross Primary School

Enrolment Ratio (%) Enrolment Ratio (%)

Adult IIliteracy Rate

(%)

Table 1.5 : Education Indicators

13


Physicians Hospital beds

Life Expectancy

at birth Safe Water Sanitation Drugs Per 1,000 Per 1,000 (Year) (%) (%) (%) People People

Country 1980 2001 2000 2000 1999 1980 1990-2002 1980 1990-99

Afghanistan 40 43 .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.2Albania 69 74 97 91 50-79 .. 133.0 .. 3.2Algeria 59 71 89 92 95-100 .. 85.0 .. 2.1Azerbaijan 69 72 78 81 50-79 3.4 357.0 9.7 9.7Bahrain 68 73 .. .. 95-100 1.1 169.0 .. ..Bangladesh 49 61 97 48 50-79 0.1 20.0 0.2 0.3Benin 48 53 63 23 50-79 0.1 10.0 1.5 0.2Brunei 71 76 .. .. 95-100 0.4 85.0 .. ..Burkina Faso 44 44 42 29 50-79 0.0 3.0 .. 1.4Cameroon 50 50 58 79 50-79 .. 7.0 .. 2.6Chad 42 48 27 29 0-49 .. 3.0 .. 0.7Comoros 50 61 96 98 80-94 .. 7.0 .. ..Cote d'Ivoire 49 46 81 52 80-94 .. 9.0 .. 0.8Djibouti 44 46 100 91 80-94 .. 13.0 .. ..Egypt 56 67 97 98 80-94 1.1 218.0 2.0 2.1Gabon 48 53 86 53 0-49 .. .. .. 3.2Gambia 40 53 62 37 80-94 .. 4.0 .. 0.6Guinea 40 46 48 58 80-94 .. 13.0 .. 0.6Guinea-Bissau 39 45 56 56 0-49 0.1 17.0 1.9 1.5Indonesia 55 66 78 55 80-94 .. 16.0 .. 0.7Iran 58 69 92 83 80-94 .. 110.0 1.5 1.6Iraq 62 61 .. .. .. 0.6 .. 1.9 1.4Jordan .. 72 96 99 95-100 0.8 205.0 1.3 1.8Kazakhstan 67 65 91 99 50-79 3.2 339.0 13.2 8.5Kuwait 71 77 .. .. 95-100 1.7 160.0 4.1 2.8Kyrgyz Republic 65 67 77 100 50-79 2.9 288.0 12.0 9.5Lebanon 65 70 100 99 80-94 .. 274.0 .. 2.7Libya 60 71 72 97 95-100 1.3 120.0 .. 4.3Malaysia 67 73 .. .. 50-79 0.3 68.0 .. 2.0Maldives 56 68 100 56 50-79 .. 40.0 .. ..Mali 42 42 65 69 50-79 0.0 5.0 .. 0.2Mauritania 47 52 37 33 50-79 .. 14.0 .. 0.7Morocco 58 67 80 68 50-79 .. 49.0 .. 1.0Mozambique 44 42 57 43 50-79 0.0 6.0 1.1 0.9Niger 42 46 59 20 50-79 .. 4.0 .. 0.1Oman 60 74 39 92 80-94 0.5 137.0 1.6 2.2Pakistan 55 63 90 62 50-79 0.3 68.0 0.6 0.7Palestine .. 72 86 100 .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 67 75 .. .. 95-100 .. 220.0 .. ..Saudi Arabia 61 73 95 100 95-100 .. 153.0 .. 2.3Senegal 45 52 78 70 50-79 .. 10.0 .. 0.4Sierra-Leone 35 39 57 66 0-49 0.1 9.0 1.2 ..Somalia 43 48 .. .. .. 0.0 .. .. 0.8Sudan 48 56 75 62 0-49 0.1 16.0 0.9 1.1Suriname 66 70 82 93 95-100 .. 45.0 .. ..Syria 62 70 80 90 80-94 0.4 142.0 1.1 1.4Tajikistan 66 69 60 90 0-49 2.4 207.0 10.0 8.8Togo 49 49 54 34 50-79 0.1 8.0 .. 1.5Tunisia 62 72 80 84 50-79 0.3 70.0 2.1 1.7Turkey 61 70 82 90 95-100 0.6 127.0 2.2 2.6Turkmenistan 64 66 .. .. 50-79 2.9 300.0 10.6 11.5Uganda 48 42 52 79 50-79 .. 5.0 .. 0.9United Arab Emirates 68 75 .. .. 95-100 1.1 177.0 2.8 2.6Yemen Republic 49 56 69 38 50-79 .. 22.0 .. 0.6

IDB MCs 54 62 71 65 .. 0.6 .. 2.0 1.4

Memo:

OIC Countries 54 61 72 65 .. 0.6 .. 2.1 1.6LDCs 47 51 62 44 .. .. .. .. ..Developing Countries 60 64 78 51 .. 0.9 .. 2.7 2.5High Income Countries 74 78 .. .. .. .. .. .. 7.2World 63 66 82 61 .. 1.0 .. 3.4 3.2

Population with access to

Table 1.6: Health Indicators

14


Total Health Public Expenditure Private Expenditure Health Expenditure

Expenditure (% GDP) on Health (% of GDP) on Health (% of GDP) per capita (US $)

Country 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000

Afghanistan .. 1.3 1.0 .. 0.7 0.6 .. 0.7 0.4 .. 13 8Albania 3.9 3.3 3.4 3.4 2.5 2.1 0.6 0.8 1.3 .. 26 41Algeria 4.2 4.8 3.6 3.0 3.8 3.0 1.2 1.0 0.6 103 73 64Azerbaijan 3.3 1.4 0.9 2.7 1.3 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.2 .. 5 8Bahrain 7.0 4.5 4.1 .. 3.2 2.8 .. 1.3 1.3 554 464 512Bangladesh 2.8 3.5 3.8 0.7 1.2 1.4 2.0 2.3 2.4 7 9 14Benin 2.8 3.1 3.2 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.5 1.6 11 11 11Brunei .. 2.6 3.1 1.6 2.1 2.5 .. 0.5 0.6 .. 459 490Burkina Faso 4.1 3.1 4.2 1.0 1.9 3.0 3.2 1.2 1.2 13 7 8Cameroon 1.7 4.1 4.3 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.9 3.2 3.2 18 27 24Chad .. 3.0 3.1 .. 2.4 2.5 .. 0.6 0.6 .. 6 6Comoros .. 4.8 4.4 2.9 3.2 3.2 .. 1.6 1.2 .. 17 13Cote d'Ivoire 3.1 2.9 2.7 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.7 1.6 1.7 29 20 16Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 4.3 3.7 3.8 1.8 1.6 1.8 2.5 2.1 2.0 51 38 51Gabon 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 0.9 1.0 0.9 185 140 120Gambia 4.8 3.9 4.1 2.2 3.2 3.4 2.6 0.7 0.7 17 13 10Guinea 3.4 3.5 3.4 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.6 1.5 17 18 13Guinea-Bissau .. 3.6 3.9 1.1 2.2 2.6 .. 1.4 1.3 .. 15 9Indonesia 1.6 1.7 2.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.1 2.1 10 17 19Iran 4.2 5.6 5.5 1.5 2.6 2.5 2.6 3.0 3.0 410 92 258Iraq 5.6 4.9 3.7 3.8 2.9 2.2 1.8 2.0 1.5 .. 147 375Jordan 6.9 9.6 8.1 3.6 4.8 4.2 3.4 4.8 3.9 88 148 137Kazakhstan .. 6.0 3.7 3.2 4.9 2.7 .. 1.1 1.0 .. 63 44Kuwait .. 3.6 3.0 4.0 3.2 2.6 .. 0.4 0.4 .. 563 586Kyrgyz Republic 5.8 .. 4.4 4.7 .. 2.2 1.2 .. 2.2 .. .. 12Lebanon .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Libya .. 3.6 3.3 .. 1.5 1.6 .. 2.1 1.7 .. 334 246Malaysia 2.5 2.2 2.5 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 59 99 101Maldives 5.9 5.9 7.6 3.6 4.9 6.3 2.3 1.0 1.3 55 64 100Mali 3.2 3.2 4.9 1.6 1.7 2.2 1.5 1.5 2.7 9 8 10Mauritania .. 3.2 4.3 .. 2.4 3.4 4.4 0.8 0.9 .. 15 14Morocco 2.5 4.6 4.5 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.6 3.3 3.2 27 53 ..Mozambique 4.7 4.9 4.3 3.6 3.0 2.7 1.1 1.9 1.6 8 7 9Niger .. 3.8 3.9 .. 1.7 1.8 1.6 2.1 2.1 .. 7 5Oman .. 3.0 2.8 2.0 2.4 2.3 .. 0.6 0.5 .. 287 295Pakistan 4.4 4.2 4.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 3.2 3.2 3.2 16 20 18Palestine .. 5.7 .. .. 2.6 .. .. 3.1 .. .. 82 ..Qatar .. 4.8 3.2 .. 3.5 2.5 .. 1.3 0.7 .. 762 940Saudi Arabia .. 5.3 5.3 .. 4.2 4.2 .. 1.1 1.1 .. 397 448Senegal 2.6 4.7 4.6 0.7 2.5 2.6 2.0 2.2 2.0 21 26 22Sierra-Leone .. 2.8 4.3 .. 1.1 2.6 4.2 1.7 1.7 .. 6 6Somalia .. 2.6 1.3 .. 1.1 0.9 .. 1.5 0.4 .. 4 19Sudan 2.4 3.8 4.7 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.7 2.7 3.7 345 10 13Suriname 5.9 8.3 9.8 3.5 6.3 5.5 2.4 2.0 4.3 255 161 ..Syria 2.1 2.0 2.5 0.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 0.5 0.9 42 18 30Tajikistan 5.4 .. .. 4.9 3.1 1.0 0.5 .. .. .. .. ..Togo 2.8 2.9 2.8 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.3 13 10 8Tunisia 5.6 .. .. 3.0 .. .. 2.5 .. .. 84 118 ..Turkey 3.6 3.4 5.0 2.2 2.4 3.6 1.4 1.0 1.4 98 93 150Turkmenistan 4.6 2.4 5.4 4.0 1.9 4.6 0.7 0.5 0.8 .. 33 52Uganda .. 3.5 3.9 .. 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 .. 11 10United Arab Emirates 7.7 3.4 3.2 0.8 2.7 2.5 6.9 0.7 0.7 1418 631 ..Yemen Republic 2.5 .. .. 1.1 .. .. 1.3 .. .. .. .. ..

IDB MCs 3.7 3.6 4.1 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.0 1.5 1.7 71 48 66

Memo:

OIC Countries 3.7 3.6 4.1 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.0 1.6 1.7 64 43 59LDCs 3.0 3.8 4.2 1.1 1.7 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.3 32 13 22Developing Countries 4.8 5.3 5.6 2.3 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.9 43 59 71High Income Countries 8.7 9.7 10.2 5.2 6.0 6.0 3.5 3.7 4.2 1,742 2,552 2,736World 8.1 8.9 9.3 4.7 5.5 5.4 3.4 3.5 3.9 359 457 482

Table 1.7: Health Expenditures

15


Population below the UNDP Human

Population below Poverty Index Ginic

Development

(%) a $1 a day $2 a day (HPI) b Index Index

Survey (%) (Latest (HDI)Country Year Total Urban Rural % % 2001 Rank Year) 2001 Rank

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.735 95Algeria 1995 22.6 14.7 30.3 <2 15.1 22.6 42 35.3 0.704 107Azerbaijan 1995 68.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. 36.5 0.744 89Bahrain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.839 37Bangladesh 1995-96 35.6 14.3 39.8 36.0 82.8 42.6 72 31.8 0.502 139Benin 1995 33.0 .. .. .. .. 46.4 81 .. 0.411 159Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.872 31Burkina Faso .. .. .. 61.2 85.8 58.6 93 48.2 0.330 173Cameroon 1984 40.0 44.4 32.4 33.4 64.4 35.9 58 47.7 0.499 142Chad 1995-96 64.0 63.0 67.0 .. .. 50.3 88 .. 0.376 165Comoros .. .. .. .. .. 31.5 48 .. 0.528 134Cote d'Ivoire 1995 36.8 .. .. 12.3 49.4 45.0 78 36.7 0.396 161Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. 34.3 55 .. 0.462 153Egypt 1995-96 22.9 22.5 23.3 3.1 43.9 30.5 47 34.4 0.648 120Gabon .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.653 118Gambia 1992 64.0 .. .. 59.3 82.9 45.8 79 47.8 0.463 151Guinea 1994 40.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. 40.3 0.425 157Guinea-Bissau .. .. .. .. .. 47.8 84 47.0 0.373 166Indonesia 1999 27.1 7.2 55.4 17.9 33 30.3 0.682 112Iran .. .. .. <2 7.3 16.4 31 43.0 0.719 106Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 1997 11.7 .. .. <2 7.4 7.5 7 36.4 0.743 90Kazakhstan 1996 34.6 30.0 39.0 .. .. .. .. 31.2 0.765 76Kuwait .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.820 46Kyrgyz Republic 1997 51.0 28.5 64.5 .. .. .. .. 29.0 0.727 102Lebanon .. .. .. .. .. 9.5 15 .. 0.752 83Libya .. .. .. .. .. 15.7 29 .. 0.783 61Malaysia 1989 15.5 .. .. <2 9.3 .. .. 49.2 0.790 58Maldives .. .. .. .. .. 11.4 20 .. 0.751 86Mali .. .. .. 72.8 90.6 55.1 91 50.5 0.337 172Mauritania 1989-90 57.0 .. .. 28.6 68.7 48.6 86 37.3 0.454 154Morocco 1998-99 19.0 12.0 27.2 <2 14.3 35.2 56 39.5 0.606 126Mozambique .. .. .. 37.9 78.4 50.3 87 39.6 0.356 170Niger 1989-93 63.0 52.0 66.0 61.4 85.3 61.8 94 50.5 0.292 174Oman .. .. .. .. .. 31.8 50 .. 0.755 79Pakistan 1991 34.0 28.0 36.9 13.4 65.6 40.2 65 33.0 0.499 144Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.731 98Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.826 44Saudi Arabia .. .. .. .. .. 16.3 30 .. 0.769 73Senegal .. .. .. 26.3 67.8 44.5 76 41.3 0.430 156Sierra-Leone 1989 68.0 53.0 76.0 57.0 74.5 .. .. 62.9 0.275 175Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan .. .. .. .. .. 32.2 52 .. 0.503 138Suriname .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.762 77Syria .. .. .. .. .. 18.8 35 .. 0.685 110Tajikistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 34.7 0.677 113Togo 1987-89 32.3 .. .. .. .. 38.5 64 .. 0.501 141Tunisia 1990 14.1 8.9 21.6 <2 10.0 19.9 37 41.7 0.740 91Turkey .. .. .. <2 10.3 12.4 22 40.0 0.734 96Turkmenistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 40.8 0.748 87Uganda 1999-2000 35.2 39.1 10.3 82.2 96.4 36.6 60 37.4 0.489 147U.A.E .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.816 48Yemen Rep. .. .. .. 15.7 45.2 41.0 67 33.4 0.470 148

IDB MCs -- -- -- -- -- 29.8 -- -- 0.580 --

Memo:

OIC Countries -- -- -- -- -- 29.2 -- -- 0.582 --LDCs -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.448 --Developing Countries -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.655 --High Income Countries -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.927 --World -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.722 --

a Refers to headcount ratio or proportion of the household (population) falling below the poverty line to total household (population)b Measures the extent of deprivation, the proportion of people in the community who are left out of progress.c A value of zero implies perfect equality while a value of 100 implies perfect inequality.

national poverty line

Human

Table 1.8: Poverty and Human Development Indicators

16


Daily Radio Television Telephone Personal Internet ICT

newspapers sets mainlines computers Users expenditure

(per 1,000 (per 1,000 (per 1,000 (per 1,000 (per 1,000 (000s)people) people) people) people) people) % GDP

Country 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001

Afghanistan 5 114 14 1 .. .. ..Albania 35 260 123 50 7.6 10 ..Algeria 27 244 114 61 7.1 60 ..Azerbaijan 27 22 321 111 .. 25 ..Bahrain .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 53 49 17 4 1.9 250 ..Benin 5 441 44 9 1.7 25 ..Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 1 433 103 5 1.5 19 ..Cameroon 7 163 34 7 3.9 45 ..Chad 0.2 236 1 1 1.6 4 ..Comoros .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Cote d'Ivoire 16 183 60 18 7.2 70 ..Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 31 339 217 104 15.5 600 2.5Gabon 30 501 326 30 11.9 17 ..Gambia 2 396 3 26 12.7 18 ..Guinea .. 52 44 3 4.0 15 ..Guinea-Bissau 5 204 36 10 .. 4 ..Indonesia 23 159 153 35 11.0 4,000 2.2Iran 28 281 163 169 69.7 1,005 ..Iraq 19 222 83 29 .. .. ..Jordan 75 372 111 127 32.8 212 ..Kazakhstan .. 411 241 113 .. 100 ..Kuwait 374 624 482 240 131.9 200 ..Kyrgyz Republic 27 110 49 78 .. 151 ..Lebanon 107 182 336 195 56.2 300 ..Libya 15 273 137 109 .. 20 ..Malaysia 158 420 201 196 126.1 6,500 6.6Maldives .. .. .. .. .. ..Mali 1 180 17 4 1.2 30 ..Mauritania 0.4 149 .. 7 10.3 7 ..Morocco 28 243 159 41 13.7 400 ..Mozambique 2 44 5 4 3.5 15 ..Niger 0.2 121 37 2 0.5 12 ..Oman 29 621 563 90 32.4 120 ..Pakistan 40 105 148 23 4.1 500 ..Palestine .. .. 134 78 .. 60 ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 326 326 264 145 62.7 300 ..Senegal 5 126 79 25 18.6 100 ..Sierra-Leone 4 259 13 5 .. 7 ..Somalia 1 60 14 4 .. 1 ..Sudan 26 466 386 14 3.6 56 ..Suriname .. .. .. .. .. ..Syria 20 276 67 103 16.3 60 ..Tajikistan 20 141 326 36 .. 3 ..Togo 2 265 37 10 21.5 150 ..Tunisia 19 158 198 109 23.7 400 ..Turkey 111 487 319 285 40.7 2,500 3.6Turkmenistan 7 256 196 80 .. 8 ..Uganda 2 127 27 3 3.1 60 ..U.A.E 156 318 252 340 135.5 976 ..Yemen Republic 15 65 283 22 1.9 17 ..

IDB MCs 42 206 144 63 18 19,432 --Memo:

OIC Countries 39 210 139 57 17 19697 --Low income 41 156 91 30 6 15932 ..Developing Countries .. 258 191 93 22 112591 ..High Income Countries 285 1268 677 593 416 388888 ..World .. 419 242 172 86 501478 ..

Table 1.9: Information and Communication Technology Indicators

17


Scientists Technicians Science Expenditures Royalty and Trademark

and in and for license fees applications

engineers R&D technical R&D filed

in R&D journal articles % of

per million per million $ manufactured Receipts Payments Non-Country people people % of GDP millions exports $ millions $ millions Residents residents Total

1990-2000a 1990-2001a 1999 1989-2000a 2001 2001 2001 2001 2000 2000 2000

Afghanistan .. .. 0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. .. 17 .. 2 1 .. .. 1 111,609 2,166Algeria .. .. 162 .. 21 4 .. .. 30 33,620 4,601Azerbaijan 2,799 160 66 0.24 9 8 .. .. 0 58,076 2,140Bahrain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 51 32 148 .. .. .. 0 6 32 184 ..Benin 174 53 20 .. .. .. .. 0 .. .. ..Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 16 15 23 0.19 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Cameroon .. .. 61 .. 1 0 .. .. .. .. ..Chad .. .. 2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Comoros .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Cote d'Ivoire .. .. 40 .. 15 3 0 9 .. .. ..DjiboutiEgypt 493 366 1,198 0.19 12 1 46 361 534 1,081 3,155Gabon .. .. 20 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Gambia .. .. 17 .. 0 3 .. .. 0 115,420 ..Guinea .. .. 2 .. 0 0 0 1 .. .. ..Guinea-Bissau .. .. 6 .. .. .. .. .. 0 1 ..Indonesia .. .. 142 .. 4,473 13 .. .. 0 60,363 ..Iran 590 174 624 .. 40 2 0 0 366 177 ..Iraq .. .. 21 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 1,948 717 204 .. 89 7 .. .. .. .. ..Kazakhstan 716 293 104 0.29 184 4 0 14 1,400 58,187 4,887Kuwait 212 53 260 0.20 35 1 0 0 .. .. ..Kyrgyz Rep. 581 49 10 0.19 5 5 1 2 80 58,116 2,430Lebanon .. .. 100 .. 16 3 .. .. .. 104 3,774Libya 361 493 19 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Malaysia 160 45 416 0.40 40,939 57 21 751 .. .. ..MaldivesMali .. .. 11 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Mauritania .. .. 2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Morocco .. .. 386 .. 537 11 22 256 104 51,907 7,388Mozambique .. .. 14 .. 2 0 .. 0 0 56,555 1,368Niger .. .. 21 .. 0 8 .. .. .. .. ..Oman 4 0 73 .. 42 3 .. .. .. .. 2,822Pakistan 69 12 277 .. 24 0 2 19 .. .. 8,320Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia .. .. 528 .. 23 0 0 0 72 1,144 ..Senegal 2 3 66 0.01 12 5 2 5 .. .. ..Sierra-Leone .. .. 3 .. .. .. .. .. 0 116,129 1,209Somalia .. .. 0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan .. .. 43 .. .. .. 0 0.1 5 115,855 1,243Suriname .. .. . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Syria 29 24 55 0.18 2 1 .. .. 249 47 0Tajikistan 660 .. 20 .. .. .. .. .. 46 58,087 2,277Togo 102 65 11 .. 1 1 0 1 .. .. ..Tunisia 336 32 237 0.45 154 3 15 6 .. .. ..Turkey 306 38 2,761 0.63 1,100 5 0 119 333 67,289 33,731Turkmenistan .. .. 0 .. 9 5 .. .. 0 58,061 1,254Uganda 24 14 59 0.75 5 22 .. 0 0 115,875 ..U.A.E .. .. 118 .. .. .. .. .. 0 56,158 ..Yemen Republic .. .. 10 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

IDB MCs. -- - -- -- -- -- -- - -- --- -- -- --

Memo:

OIC Countries .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Low Income C. .. .. 14,376 .. .. 7 27 284 7,271 2,092,440 . 62,042Developing C. .. .. 76,785 .. .. 18 1,053 9,112 69,069 4,459,699 472,728High Income C. 3,281 .. 451,842 2.61 834,173 24 71,303 64,037 839,048 4,071,596 1,321,907World .. .. 528,627 2.38 .. 23 72,356 73,148 908,117 8,531,295 1,794,635a. Data are for the latest year available.

Patent

applications

fileda

High-technology

exports

Table 1.10: Science and technology

18


Percentage of labour force in

Labor force Agriculture

Average annua (%) (%) (%)growth rate (%)

Country 1980 2001 1980-2001 1980-82a 1998-01a 1980-82a 1998-01a 1980-82a 1998-01a

Afghanistan 80 78 -0.1 76 .. 10 .. 14 ..Albania 77 78 0.1 .. .. .. .. .. ..Algeria 52 56 0.4 48 .. 19 .. 32 ..Azerbaijan 73 70 -0.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..Bahrain 62 63 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 90 89 0.0 .. 50 .. 16 .. 34Benin 94 88 -0.3 67 .. 7 .. 26 ..Brunei 62 69 0.6 .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 113 98 -0.7 92 .. 3 .. 5 ..Cameroon 80 74 -0.4 76 .. 7 .. 17 ..Chad 95 102 0.3 89 .. 3 .. 8 ..Comoros 92 85 -0.4 .. .. .. .. .. ..Cote d'Ivoire 77 73 -0.3 68 .. 8 .. 25 ..Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 62 63 0.1 25 32 18 17 53 51Gabon 88 84 -0.2 66 .. 12 .. 22 ..Gambia 94 90 -0.2 85 .. 6 .. 9 ..Guinea 99 89 -0.5 91 .. 1 .. 8 ..Guinea-Bissau 91 89 -0.1 89 .. 3 .. 10 ..Indonesia 70 75 0.3 55 .. 15 .. 31 ..Iran 57 50 -0.6 .. .. .. .. .. ..Iraq 53 50 -0.3 42 .. 17 .. 41 ..Jordan 50 51 0.1 .. .. .. .. .. ..Kazakhstan 77 74 -0.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..Kuwait 62 63 0.1 1 .. 19 .. 80 ..Kyrgyz Republic 75 72 -0.2 .. 52 .. 11 .. 36Lebanon 52 57 0.4 16 .. 25 .. 59 ..Libya 61 46 -1.4 40 .. 16 .. 45 ..Malaysia 67 68 0.0 33 17 24 31 44 52Maldives 89 74 -0.9 .. .. .. .. .. ..Mali 102 98 -0.2 89 .. 2 .. 9 ..Mauritania 90 88 -0.1 72 .. 6 .. 22 ..Morocco 68 65 -0.2 .. 6 .. 36 .. 58Mozambique 105 97 -0.4 85 .. 7 .. 8 ..Niger 103 97 -0.3 6 .. 49 .. 45 ..Oman 56 49 -0.6 38 .. 27 .. 35 ..Pakistan 65 68 0.3 .. .. .. .. .. ..Palestine .. .. .. 23 .. 34 .. 43 ..Qatar 69 74 0.4 .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 56 59 0.2 35 .. 11 .. 54 ..Senegal 89 85 -0.2 82 .. 6 .. 12 ..Sierra-Leone 72 71 -0.1 73 .. 12 .. 16 ..Somalia 91 86 -0.2 80 .. 7 .. 14 ..Sudan 69 71 0.1 77 .. 7 .. 16 ..Suriname 53 59 0.5 .. .. .. .. .. ..Syria 59 57 -0.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..Tajikistan 74 70 -0.3 .. .. .. .. .. ..Togo 85 79 -0.4 68 .. 9 .. 22 ..Tunisia 63 61 -0.1 43 .. 31 .. 26 ..Turkey 75 73 -0.1 6 53 33 18 60 29Turkmenistan 76 76 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda 104 100 -0.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..United Arab Emirates 77 69 -0.5 2 .. 23 .. 74 ..Yemen Republic 62 62 0.0 79 65 10 8 11 26

IDB MCs 73 72 -0.1 -- -- -- -- -- --

Memo:

OIC Countries 74 72 -0.1 .. .. .. .. .. ..Low income countries 90 87 -0.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..Developing Countries 80 78 -0.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..High Income Countries 71 73 0.1 8 4 30 26 62 70World 78 77 -0.1 .. .. .. .. .. ..a. Data are for the most recent year available.

Services Industry

(as % of population ages 15-64)

Table 1.11: Employment Indicators

19


Average hours Minimum

worked Wage

per week $ per year

Country 1995-99 1995-99 1980-84 1995-99 1980-84 1995-99 2001 2002Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Algeria .. 1339.7 6242 2638 11306 .. .. ..Azerbaijan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bahrain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 52 491.8 556 671 1820 1711 .. ..Benin .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Brunei .. ..Burkina Faso .. 584.6 3282 .. 15886 .. .. ..Cameroon .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Chad .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Comoros .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Cote d'Ivoire .. 870.8 5132 9995 16158 .. .. ..Djibouti .. ..Egypt .. 414.5 2210 1863 3691 5976 .. ..Gabon .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Gambia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Guinea .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Guinea-Bissau .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Indonesia 43 240.9 898 3054 3807 5139 47 47Iran .. .. 9737 30562 17679 89787 .. ..Iraq .. .. 4624 13288 13599 34316 .. ..Jordan 50 4643 2082 16337 11906 .. ..Kazakhstan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Kuwait .. 8244.0 10281 .. 30341 .. .. ..Kyrgyz Republic .. 65.4 2287 687 .. .. .. ..Lebanon .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Libya .. .. 8648 .. 21119 .. .. ..Malaysia .. 2519 3429 8454 12661 29 26Maldives .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Mali .. 458.8 2983 .. 10477 .. .. ..Mauritania .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Morocco .. 1671.5 2583 3391 6328 9089 .. ..Mozambique .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Niger .. .. 4074 .. 22477 .. .. ..Oman .. .. .. 3099 .. 61422 .. ..Pakistan .. 600.0 1264 .. 6214 .. .. ..Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia .. .. 9814 .. .. .. .. ..Senegal .. 848.4 2828 7754 6415 .. .. ..Sierra-Leone .. .. 1624 .. 7807 .. .. ..Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Suriname .. ..Syria .. .. 2844 4338 9607 9918 .. ..Tajikistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Togo .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Tunisia .. 1524.9 3344 3599 7111 .. .. ..Turkey 48 1254.1 3582 7958 13994 32961 44 46Turkmenistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda .. .. 253 .. .. .. .. ..United Arab Emirates .. .. 6968 .. 20344 .. .. ..Yemen Republic .. .. 4492 1291 17935 5782 .. ..

Labor cost

per worker

in manufacturing

$ per year $ per year

World

Ranking

(out of 49)

Competitivenessper worker

Value added

in manufacturing

Table 1.12: Wage, Productivity, and Competitiveness

20


Forest area Average Annuala

deforestation

% of Carbon dioxide emissions

thousand total Total Per capitasq. km land area Sq. km. % million metric tons metric tons

Country 2000 2000 1990-2000 1990-2000 1980 1999 1980 1999

Afghanistan 14 2.1 .. .. 1.7 1.0 0.1 0.0Albania 10 36.2 78 0.8 4.8 1.5 1.8 0.5Algeria 21 0.9 -266 -1.3 66.1 90.8 3.5 3.0Azerbaijan 11 12.6 -130 -1.3 .. 33.6 .. 4.2Bahrain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 13 10.2 -165 -1.3 7.6 25.4 0.1 0.2Benin 27 24.0 699 2.3 0.5 1.3 0.1 0.2Brunei 4 83.9 .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 71 25.9 152 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.1 0.1Cameroon 239 51.3 2,218 0.9 3.9 4.7 0.4 0.3Chad 127 10.1 817 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0Comoros 0 3.6 .. .. .. .. .. ..Cote d'Ivoire 71 22.4 2,649 3.1 4.6 12.1 0.6 0.8Djibouti 0 0.3 .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 1 0.1 -20 -3.4 45.2 123.6 1.1 2.0Gabon 218 84.7 101 0.0 6.2 3.6 8.9 3.0Gambia 5 48.1 -45 -1.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2Guinea 69 28.2 347 0.5 0.9 1.3 0.2 0.2Guinea-Bissau 22 77.8 216 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.2Indonesia 1,050 58.0 .. .. 94.6 235.6 0.6 1.2Iran 73 4.5 0 0.0 116.1 301.4 3.0 4.8Iraq 8 1.8 0 0.0 44.0 74.2 3.4 3.3Jordan 1 1.0 0 0.0 4.7 14.6 2.2 3.1Kazakhstan 121 4.5 -2,390 -2.2 .. 112.8 .. 7.4Kuwait 0 0.3 -2 -5.2 24.7 48.0 18.0 24.9Kyrgyz Republic 10 5.2 -228 -2.6 .. 4.7 .. 1.0Lebanon 0 3.5 1 0.3 6.2 16.9 2.1 4.0Libya 4 0.2 -47 -1.4 26.9 42.8 8.8 8.3Malaysia 193 58.7 2,377 1.2 28.0 123.7 2.0 5.4Maldives 0 3.3 .. .. .. .. .. ..Mali 132 10.8 993 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.0Mauritania 3 0.3 98 2.7 0.6 3.0 0.4 1.2Morocco 30 6.8 12 0.0 15.9 35.8 0.8 1.3Mozambique 306 39.0 637 0.2 3.2 1.3 0.3 0.1Niger 13 1.0 617 3.7 0.6 1.1 0.1 0.1Oman 0 0.0 0 0.0 5.9 19.9 5.3 8.5Pakistan 25 3.2 304 1.1 31.6 98.9 0.4 0.7Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 0 0.1 .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 15 0.7 0 0.0 130.7 235.4 14.0 11.7Senegal 62 32.2 450 0.7 2.8 3.7 0.5 0.4Sierra-Leone 11 14.7 361 2.9 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.1Somalia 75 12.0 .. .. 0.6 0.0 0.1 ..Sudan 616 25.9 9,589 1.4 3.3 2.6 0.2 0.1Suriname 141 90.5 .. .. .. .. .. ..Syria 5 2.5 0 0.0 19.3 53.4 2.2 3.4Tajikistan 4 2.8 -20 -0.5 .. 5.1 .. 0.8Togo 5 9.4 209 3.4 0.6 1.3 0.2 0.3Tunisia 5 3.3 -11 -0.2 9.4 17.5 1.5 1.8Turkey 102 13.3 -220 -0.2 76.3 198.5 1.7 3.1Turkmenistan 38 8.0 0 0.0 .. 32.4 .. 6.4Uganda 42 21.3 913 2.0 0.6 1.4 0.1 0.1U.A.E 3 3.8 -78 -2.8 36.3 88.0 34.8 31.3Yemen Rep 4 0.9 92 1.8 .. 18.3 .. 1.1

IDB MCs 4,021 13.3 20,308 0.6 826.9 2093.9 1.2 1.9

Memo:

OIC Countries 4,345 13.7 34,721 0.8 895.0 2,315.6 1.2 1.8Low Income C. 5,523 27.4 71,466 0.8 772.4 2,416.1 0.5 1.0Dev'ping C. 30,590 30.9 98,396 0.3 5,038.4 11,627.8 1.5 2.2High Income C. 8,096 26.1 -7,997 -0.1 8,814.2 11,197.2 12.0 12.3World 38,708 29.7 90,399 0.2 13,852.7 22,825.0 3.4 3.8a Positive numbers indicate loss of forest area; negative numbers indicate gain in forest are

Table 1.13: Environment Indicators

21

Part I: DEMOGRAHIC AND DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS

Share in Total Land Area (%

Arable Land

per Capita

Arable Landa

Permanent Land Others (hectares)

Country 1980 2000 1980 2000 1980 2000 1979-81 1997-99

Afghanistan 12.1 12.1 0.2 0.2 87.7 87.6 0.50 0.32Albania 21.4 21.1 4.3 4.4 74.4 74.5 0.22 0.17Algeria 2.9 3.2 0.3 0.2 96.8 96.6 0.37 0.26Azerbaijan .. 19.0 .. 3.0 .. 78.0 .. 0.21Bahrain 3 3. 6 6 . 91 92. .. ..Bangladesh 68.3 62.5 2.0 2.7 29.6 34.8 0.10 0.06Benin 13.6 17.6 0.8 2.4 85.7 80.0 0.43 0.29Brunei 1 1. 1 1 . 98 99. .. ..Burkina Faso 10.0 13.9 0.1 0.2 89.8 85.9 0.39 0.32Cameroon 12.7 12.8 2.2 2.6 85.1 84.6 0.68 0.42Chad 2.5 2.8 0.0 0.0 97.5 97.2 0.70 0.48Comoros 34 35. 9 22 . 57 43. .. ..Côte d'Ivoire 6.1 9.3 7.2 13.8 86.6 76.9 0.24 0.19Djibouti .. ... .. .. . .. ... .. ..Egypt 2.3 2.8 0.2 0.5 97.5 96.7 0.06 0.05Gabon 1.1 1.3 0.6 0.7 98.2 98.1 0.42 0.28Gambia 15.5 23.0 0.4 0.5 84.1 76.5 0.26 0.16Guinea 2.9 3.6 1.8 2.4 95.4 94.0 0.16 0.12Guinea-Bissau 9.1 10.7 1.1 1.8 89.9 87.6 0.34 0.26Indonesia 9.9 11.3 4.4 7.2 85.6 81.5 0.12 0.09Iran 7.9 8.8 0.4 1.2 91.6 90.0 0.36 0.27Iraq 12.0 11.9 0.4 0.8 87.6 87.3 0.40 0.23Jordan 3.4 2.7 0.4 1.8 96.2 95.5 0.14 0.05Kazakhstan .. 8.0 .. 0.1 .. 92.0 .. 1.99Kuwait 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 99.9 99.4 0.00 0.00Kyrgyz Republic .. 7.1 .. 0.3 .. 92.5 .. 0.28Lebanon 20.5 18.6 8.9 13.9 70.6 67.5 0.07 0.04Libya 1.0 1.0 0.2 0.2 98.8 98.8 0.58 0.37Malaysia 3.0 5.5 11.6 17.6 85.4 76.9 0.07 0.08Maldives 3 3. 7 7 . 90 90. .. ..Mali 1.6 3.8 0.0 0.0 98.3 96.2 0.31 0.45Mauritania 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.5 0.14 0.20Morocco 16.9 19.6 1.1 2.2 82.0 78.2 0.39 0.32Mozambique 3.7 5.0 0.3 0.3 96.0 94.7 0.24 0.18Niger 2.8 3.5 0.0 0.0 97.2 96.4 0.62 0.49Oman 0.04 0.1 0.1 0.2 99.9 99.7 0.01 0.01Pakistan 25.9 27.6 0.4 0.9 73.7 71.5 0.24 0.16Palestine .. ... .. .. .. ... .. ..Qatar 0.4 2. 0.1 0.3 100 98. .. ..Saudi Arabia 0.9 1.7 0.03 0.1 99.1 98.2 0.20 0.18Senegal 12.2 12.3 0.05 0.2 87.8 87.5 0.42 0.25Sierra-Leone 6.3 6.8 0.7 0.8 93.0 92.3 0.14 0.10Somalia 1.6 1.7 0.03 0.04 98.4 98.3 0.15 0.13Sudan 5.2 6.8 0.04 0.1 94.8 93.1 0.64 0.56Suriname 0.3 0.4. 0.1 0.1 100 100. .. ..Syria 28.5 24.7 2.5 4.4 69.1 70.9 0.60 0.31Tajikistan .. 5.2 .. 0.9 .. 93.9 .. 0.12Togo 35.9 46.1 1.6 2.2 62.6 51.6 0.77 0.52Tunisia 20.5 18.7 9.7 13.5 69.7 67.7 0.51 0.31Turkey 32.9 31.4 4.1 3.3 63.0 65.3 0.57 0.40Turkmenistan .. 3.5 .. 0.1 .. 96.4 .. 0.33Uganda 20.7 25.7 8.1 9.6 71.2 64.7 0.32 0.24United Arab Emirates 0.2 0.7 0.1 2.2 99.7 97.0 0.01 0.03Yemen Republic 2.6 2.9 0.2 0.2 97.2 96.8 0.16 0.09

IDB MCs 6.7 7.5 1.0 1.4 92.3 91.1 0.27 0.22

Memo:

OIC Countries 7.4 8.2 1.1 1.4 91.5 90.4 0.28 0.22Low Income countries 5.2 6.3 0.4 0.5 94.4 93.2 0.22 0.18Developing Countries 9.4 10.1 1.0 1.2 89.5 88.7 0.20 0.20High Income Countries 12.0 11.6 0.5 0.5 87.5 87.9 0.46 0.40World 10.2 10.5 0.9 1.0 88.9 88.5 0.25 0.23

a Arable land refers to cultivated land which includes all types of registered and unregistered land, including reclaimed river bed, reclaimed tidal land, slope-land, and virgin land, which have been used for farming purpos

Table 1.14: Land Use Indicators

22


Wheat Maize Rice

(ooo metic tons) (ooo metic tons) (ooo metic tons)

Country 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002

Afghanistan 2,550 1,650 2,686 752 480 .. .. 298 415 333 .. .. 388Albania 496 613 341 282 295 277 227 206 198 197 13 7 .. .. ..Algeria 1,511 750 760 2,039 1,502 1.5 0.2 2 1 1 1.2 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.3Azerbaijan .. .. 1,150 1,494 1,693 .. .. 104 117 128 .. .. 22 18 17Bahrain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 823 890 1,840 1,673 1,606 1 3 10 10 10 20,821 26,778 37,628 36,269 38,134Benin .. .. .. .. .. 271 410 750 686 622 10 11 49 55 66Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3 1 1 0.4 0.4Burkina Faso .. .. .. .. .. 105 258 423 606 653 40 48 103 110 89Cameroon 1.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 414 369 741 750 750 46 55 61 62 62Chad 6 2 3 3 4 25 29 64 105 115 47 66 93 112 115Comoros .. .. .. .. .. 5 4 4 4 4 13 15 17 17 17Cote d'Ivoire .. .. .. .. .. 380 497 693 573 625 420 660 1,231 1,212 818Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 1,736 4,268 6,564 6,255 6,183 3,231 4,799 6,474 6,842 6,800 2,382 3,167 6,000 5,227 5,600Gabon .. .. .. .. .. 10 23 26 26 26 1 1 1 1 1Gambia .. .. .. .. .. 6 14 22 29 19 43 21 34 33 20Guinea .. .. .. .. .. 90 74 95 99 103 480 424 739 789 843Guinea-Bissau .. .. .. .. .. 12 14 26 28 23 42 123 106 89 80Indonesia .. .. .. .. .. 3,991 6,734 9,677 9,347 9,277 29,652 45,179 51,898 50,461 51,604Iran 5,850 8,012 8,088 9,459 12,000 60 130 1,120 1,064 1,200 1,311 1,981 1,971 1,990 2,115Iraq 976 1,196 384 650 800 60 172 53 50 60 167 229 60 90 90Jordan 134 83 25 19 7 0.5 4 19 9 10 .. .. .. .. ..Kazakhstan .. .. 9,074 12,707 12,700 .. .. 249 320 435 .. .. 214 199 199Kuwait .. 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.03 0.6 0.4 0.4 1 .. .. .. .. ..Kyrgyz Rep. .. .. 1,039 1,191 1,306 .. .. 338 443 428 .. .. 19 17 19Lebanon 35 52 108 140 140 2 3 4 4 4 .. .. .. .. ..Libya 141 129 125 130 130 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 .. .. .. .. ..Malaysia .. .. .. .. .. 8 35 65 67 70 2,045 1,885 2,141 2,094 2,091Maldives .. .. .. .. .. 0.01 0.004 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Mali 2 2 6 9 10 45 197 215 299 321 132 282 743 933 926Mauritania 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 5 2 6 8 6 11 52 76 67 68Morocco 1,811 3,614 1,381 3,316 3,357 333 436 95 54 199 29 3 25 37 17Mozambique 3 5 1 1 1 380 453 1,019 1,143 1,150 75 96 151 167 167Niger 1 13 11 6 6 10 2 4 6 6 30 72 60 76 76Oman 0.4 1 1 1 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Pakistan 10,857 14,316 21,079 19,024 18,226 970 1,185 1,643 1,664 1,689 4,685 4,891 7,204 5,823 6,343Palestine 2 1 1 1 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 0.1 1 0.1 0.028 0.2 .. 0.1 2 1 1 .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 142 3,580 1,787 2,000 1,800 1 4 6 4 4 0.1 .. .. .. ..Senegal .. .. .. .. .. 57 133 79 106 98 65 181 202 244 178Sierra-Leone .. .. .. .. .. 12 12 9 10 10 513 504 199 230 250Somalia 1 1 1 1 1 110 315 210 210 210 16 15 2 4 4Sudan 231 409 214 303 247 43 27 53 53 53 8 1 7 7 16Suriname .. .. .. .. .. 0.3 0.3 0.04 0.1 0.1 258 196 164 191 192Syria 2,226 2,070 3,105 4,745 4,775 48 180 191 216 232 0.1 0.1 .. .. ..Tajikistan .. .. 406 389 361 38 42 35 .. .. 82 40 29Togo .. .. .. .. .. 138 285 482 464 464 15 25 62 64 64Tunisia 869 1,122 842 1,118 422 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Turkey 16,554 20,022 21,009 19,007 21,000 1,240 2,100 2,300 2,200 2,500 238 230 350 360 400Turkmenistan .. .. 1,150 1,760 2,023 .. .. 9 10 11 .. .. 27 39 45Uganda 17 4 12 14 14 286 602 1,096 1,174 1,174 17 54 109 114 114U.A.E 1 2.9 0.4 0.2 0.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Yemen Rep. 73 155 142 153 150 52 66 48 50 50 .. .. .. .. ..

IDB MCs 47,048 62,963 80,650 87,889 93,448 13,434 20,277 28,668 29,095 30,072 64,041 87,589 111,854 107,241 111,257

IDB/World (%) 10.7 10.6 13.8 14.9 16.3 3.4 4.2 4.8 4.7 5.0 16.1 16.9 18.6 17.9 19.3

Memo:

OIC Countries 47,072 63,013 84,245 91,726 98,481 14,047 26,048 32910 33817 35,240 65,412 90,245 115,756 110,556 115042LDCs 4931 5144 6526 6888 7586 10538 13955 17901 18219 18294 44490 54601 76461.7 76087.6 77869Developing C. 150817 234553 272253 263813 263400 149577 210500 256917 278650 276809 372993 5E+05 577307 571523 550676Developed C. 289428 357742 313696 326672 309479 247034 272826 335379 335818 325780 23874 25701 25297.9 26263.9 25604World 440245 592295 585950 590485 572879 396610 483326 592297 614467 602589 396868 5E+05 602605 597787 576280

Table 1.15: Food Production

23


Agricultural Production Indices Per Capita Agricultural Production Indices

Country 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002

Afghanistan 119.8 101.4 .. .. .. 109.8 102.3 .. .. ..Albania 92.6 105.8 129.6 133.1 134.3 113.7 105.5 135.6 138.7 139.2Algeria 71.6 93.7 126.3 139.4 136.8 95.0 93.8 103.8 112.5 108.3Azerbaijan .. .. 68.4 72.7 77.4 .. . 61.1 64.4 68.2Bahrain 155.6 96.9 121.8 73.9 73.9 219.0 96.6 93.0 55.3 54.4Bangladesh 80.6 99.5 136.9 134.2 138.2 103.8 99.5 109.6 105.2 106.1Benin 58.0 99.0 182.5 179.7 189.8 78.2 99.2 135.8 130.1 133.5Brunei 100.3 90.6 256.0 295.0 346.2 133.4 90.4 200.3 226.0 260.5Burkina Faso 56.1 94.6 134.4 171.1 176.8 72.8 94.6 105.0 130.1 130.6Cameroon 81.1 100.1 138.5 137.4 134.9 108.0 100.1 108.2 105.0 100.8Chad 77.8 93.6 131.7 154.9 148.4 100.8 93.6 97.4 111.1 103.2Comoros 81.4 101.9 129.6 132.2 132.5 110.5 102.0 96.7 95.8 93.2Cote d'Ivoire 71.4 102.1 146.0 132.5 124.5 106.2 102.0 114.6 101.9 93.8Djibouti 53.4 108.0 89.1 89.2 89.2 82.5 106.6 70.1 68.9 68.1Egypt 74.6 101.4 154.5 154.0 155.2 95.9 101.4 127.9 125.4 124.2Gabon 79.7 97.6 119.6 119.8 119.8 107.6 97.7 91.0 88.8 86.6Gambia 71.1 84.3 137.2 149.5 89.7 102.4 84.0 97.3 103.3 60.5Guinea 91.6 99.8 155.0 163.3 170.5 120.2 100.0 117.0 121.5 125.2Guinea-Bissau 67.1 103.0 141.3 143.6 141.0 83.2 103.0 111.5 110.8 106.2Indonesia 64.3 100.9 123.8 122.6 123.1 78.0 100.9 106.5 104.2 103.3Iran 59.7 105.4 153.0 151.1 159.8 89.2 105.4 127.1 123.8 129.0Iraq 79.2 117.3 73.6 78.0 79.3 105.4 117.0 55.3 57.0 56.4Jordan 66.5 107.8 142.0 127.6 163.2 97.8 108.4 94.6 82.6 102.7Kazakhstan .. .. 63.9 74.0 77.2 66.0 76.9 80.6Kuwait 96.1 116.4 194.8 243.8 242.3 148.8 115.7 216.8 263.4 255.1Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 114.5 120.1 121.0 102.1 105.6 105.2Lebanon 64.4 98.5 117.7 110.7 107.9 65.7 99.0 91.8 84.8 81.4Libya 83.1 100.5 133.3 132.1 133.8 117.8 100.5 108.6 105.3 104.3Malaysia 66.3 99.8 120.6 125.5 129.8 85.9 99.8 96.8 99.0 100.5Maldives 80.2 103.9 147.3 148.8 148.8 109.5 103.8 109.2 107.1 103.9Mali 69.8 96.4 119.4 137.3 147.6 89.7 96.5 92.4 103.3 107.8Mauritania 86.9 100.2 110.2 108.0 106.9 111.6 100.3 82.4 78.3 75.3Morocco 57.4 93.6 96.9 103.6 110.3 73.0 93.6 79.8 83.8 87.7Mozambique 106.1 106.2 126.6 132.4 132.7 123.1 106.6 94.7 97.2 95.7Niger 99.6 99.8 129.7 151.1 141.5 136.9 99.9 92.4 103.9 93.8Oman 59.7 99.3 159.0 162.6 163.8 94.2 99.2 111.6 110.5 107.7Pakistan 62.2 98.5 145.6 142.8 143.6 84.1 98.5 113.2 108.2 106.0Palestine 87.4 105.2 102.0 102.0 102.0 .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 35.8 95.2 173.0 127.3 160.5 71.1 95.5 139.1 100.5 124.8Saudi Arabia 26.5 105.2 84.2 106.6 106.9 42.4 105.1 63.7 78.0 75.8Senegal 59.0 95.4 133.7 129.4 101.2 78.0 95.3 103.9 98.0 74.7Sierra-Leone 80.9 99.6 76.9 84.0 85.3 101.3 99.4 70.7 74.2 71.7Somalia 91.7 103.6 108.9 107.6 110.4 100.9 103.2 88.6 83.9 82.5Sudan 101.5 93.1 157.3 169.7 160.8 130.7 93.2 125.7 132.6 122.7Suriname 92.6 93.6 75.4 80.5 83.3 104.7 93.5 72.5 77.1 79.5Syria 96.7 105.0 154.3 162.0 170.0 137.7 105.1 118.2 120.9 123.7Tajikistan .. .. 52.0 57.2 56.5 .. .. 45.2 49.4 48.4Togo 68.8 100.3 129.4 134.7 139.7 94.2 100.2 98.6 99.8 100.8Tunisia 72.9 96.9 131.0 114.0 96.6 92.5 97.2 113.2 97.5 81.7Turkey 76.6 101.9 117.4 109.7 115.1 96.2 102.0 98.8 91.0 94.2Turkmenistan .. .. 96.5 91.4 87.4 .. .. 74.8 69.4 65.0Uganda 67.4 100.2 132.9 141.3 141.6 93.2 100.2 98.4 101.5 98.5United Arab Emirates 44.9 93.3 597.4 515.8 525.4 89.2 93.5 462.5 392.1 392.4Yemen Republic 77.1 100.9 139.0 148.3 147.8 108.5 100.7 87.6 89.8 85.9IDB MCs 73.9 100.0 126.5 128.9 129.2 98.9 99.9 101.4 101.1 99.1

Memo:

OIC Countries 74.5 99.7 127.4 129.6 129.9 99.0 99.5 102.4 101.9 100.0LDCs 83 99.4 131.0 136.4 135.9 107.3 99.4 101 102.6 99.6Developing Countries 69.1 100.2 144.6 147.7 150.3 84.9 100.2 122 122.7 122.9Developed Countries 89.8 101.3 100.6 100.2 99.2 96.3 101.3 96.2 95.5 94.3World 78.5 100.7 124.7 126.3 127.2 93.1 100.7 108.2 108.2 107.6

(1989-91=100) (1989-91=100)

Table 1.16: Agricultural Production Indices

24


Food Production Indices Per Capita Food Production Indices

(1989-91=100) (1989-91=100)Country 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002

Afghanistan 118.1 102.0 .. .. .. 108.3 102.8 .. .. ..Albania 89.8 105.6 134.2 138.8 140.4 110.2 105.2 140.4 144.8 145.5Algeria 71.1 93.4 128.2 141.7 138.7 94.4 93.5 105.3 114.3 109.9Azerbaijan .. .. 77.1 83.7 90.3 .. .. 68.8 74.1 79.6Bahrain 155.6 96.9 121.8 73.9 73.9 219.0 96.6 93.0 55.3 54.4Bangladesh 79.8 99.6 139.0 135.8 140.1 102.8 99.6 111.3 106.4 107.5Benin 65.8 98.8 170.1 170.0 181.6 88.6 99.0 126.4 122.9 127.7Brunei 100.3 90.5 257.6 297.1 348.8 133.3 90.4 201.6 227.6 262.5Burkina Faso 59.0 92.3 131.5 172.4 169.9 76.6 92.4 102.8 131.1 125.5Cameroon 80.4 100.8 139.7 137.8 137.4 107.0 100.9 109.1 105.3 102.8Chad 81.7 93.0 137.0 160.9 155.8 105.8 93.1 101.4 115.4 108.3Comoros 82.4 101.8 132.3 135.2 135.5 112.0 101.8 98.8 98.1 95.4Cote d'Ivoire 70.0 100.8 145.9 137.0 126.7 104.2 100.8 114.6 105.4 95.5Djibouti 53.4 108.0 89.1 89.2 89.2 82.5 106.6 70.1 68.9 68.1Egypt 68.6 101.4 159.1 157.2 158.4 88.2 101.5 131.8 127.9 126.7Gabon 80.4 98.1 116.6 116.8 116.7 108.6 98.1 88.7 86.5 84.4Gambia 71.3 84.5 139.2 151.7 90.8 102.8 84.2 98.7 104.9 61.2Guinea 94.9 99.8 153.3 162.2 169.9 124.5 100.0 115.7 120.6 124.8Guinea-Bissau 66.4 102.9 141.5 143.9 141.2 82.4 103.0 111.7 111.0 106.3Indonesia 63.4 100.6 124.0 122.8 123.9 77.0 100.7 106.7 104.3 103.9Iran 59.2 105.6 152.7 150.7 161.0 88.5 105.6 126.9 123.4 130.0Iraq 79.7 117.4 74.0 78.6 79.9 106.0 117.2 55.6 57.4 56.8Jordan 66.2 108.1 144.9 130.9 166.5 97.3 108.7 96.5 84.8 104.9Kazakhstan .. .. 65.2 75.7 79.6 .. .. 67.4 78.6 83.0Kuwait 94.4 116.8 196.4 246.3 244.4 146.2 116.1 218.5 266.1 257.2Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 126.6 134.4 136.5 .. .. 112.9 118.2 118.6Lebanon 65.6 98.5 115.1 107.3 104.4 67.0 99.0 89.7 82.2 78.7Libya 82.0 100.4 134.3 133.0 134.8 116.1 100.4 109.5 106.1 105.2Malaysia 55.8 100.2 136.0 142.9 147.3 72.3 100.4 109.3 112.7 114.2Maldives 80.2 103.9 147.3 148.8 148.8 109.5 103.8 109.2 107.1 103.9Mali 74.7 95.1 123.6 126.3 136.0 96.0 95.2 95.6 95.0 99.4Mauritania 86.9 100.2 110.2 108.0 106.9 111.6 100.3 82.4 78.3 75.3Morocco 57.8 93.3 96.7 103.6 110.6 73.5 93.4 79.7 83.9 87.9Mozambique 101.4 106.8 124.9 128.7 128.9 117.6 107.1 93.4 94.5 92.9Niger 99.7 99.8 128.1 150.4 141.9 137.0 100.0 91.4 103.4 94.1Oman 60.1 98.6 160.2 163.9 165.1 94.8 98.4 112.4 111.4 108.6Pakistan 65.4 99.5 154.0 151.0 153.2 88.4 99.5 119.7 114.4 113.1Palestine 87.4 105.2 102.0 102.0 102.0 .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 35.8 95.2 173.0 127.3 160.5 71.1 95.5 139.1 100.5 124.8Saudi Arabia 26.0 105.2 83.4 105.9 106.2 41.6 105.1 63.0 77.5 75.3Senegal 59.3 95.5 135.7 130.2 101.4 78.4 95.4 105.4 98.6 74.9Sierra-Leone 85.0 99.6 78.7 86.0 87.4 106.4 99.3 72.4 75.9 73.5Somalia 91.6 103.6 108.8 107.5 110.3 100.9 103.3 88.5 83.8 82.4Sudan 102.5 91.9 162.3 174.7 165.6 131.9 92.0 129.8 136.6 126.5Suriname 92.6 93.6 75.3 80.5 83.4 104.7 93.5 72.6 77.2 79.5Syria 101.4 106.8 151.6 162.2 177.0 144.4 106.9 116.1 121.1 128.8Tajikistan .. .. 59.5 58.6 63.3 .. .. 51.8 50.6 54.2Togo 77.4 102.9 130.6 131.2 132.4 105.9 102.7 99.5 97.1 95.6Tunisia 72.9 96.7 132.8 115.2 97.2 92.5 97.0 114.7 98.5 82.2Turkey 75.9 101.7 117.9 109.8 116.0 95.4 101.7 99.2 91.1 94.9Turkmenistan .. .. 131.8 131.1 131.9 .. .. 102.0 99.4 98.2Uganda 66.3 101.2 132.0 139.0 139.2 91.6 101.2 97.7 99.8 96.9U.A.E 43.8 93.2 601.5 519.2 528.9 87.2 93.4 465.6 394.7 395.0Yemen Republic 75.9 100.5 137.0 145.7 145.2 106.8 100.3 86.4 88.2 84.4

IDB MCs 74.1 100.0 128.9 131.1 131.9 99.2 99.9 103.4 102.8 101.2

Memo:

OIC Countries 74.7 99.7 130.1 132.1 132.9 99.3 99.6 104.7 104.0 102.4LDCs 83 99.4 132.3 137.3 136.7 107.2 99.4 102 103.2 100.2Developing Countries 89.8 101.3 101.6 101 100.4 84.6 100.4 124.6 125.2 125.7Developed Countries 69 100.4 147.7 150.7 153.7 96.3 101.3 97 96.2 95.4World 78.6 100.8 126.5 127.8 129.2 93.2 100.8 109.7 109.5 109.3

Table 1.17: Food Production Indices

25

PART II

DEMOGRAPHIC AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS

29

2. MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS

2.1 Growth of Output

Total real output of the 54-IDB member countries has doubled from US$0.6 trillion in 1980 to US$1.3 trillion in 2001. Inspite of this positive development, the share of the output of IDB member countries in the world's output hovered around 4 per cent especially in the 1990s; peaking at 4 per cent in 1995, and edging down to 3.8 per cent in 2000 and 2001. In contrast, the IDB member countries accounted for about 20 per cent of the output of the developing countries, particularly in the 1990s. In terms of trend, the real GDP of IDB member countries grew at an average rate of 2.8 per cent during the period 1991-2001, reversing the growth rate of 4.0 per cent recorded in the 1980-1990. In the two periods under review (i.e. 1980-1990, and 1991-2001), the growth of the real GDP was slightly sufficient to compensate, respectively, for the population growth of 2.5 per cent (1980-90) and 2.0 per cent (1991-2001). With respect to year-to-year comparison, the real GDP of IDB member countries as a group recorded an average positive growth rate of 0.4 per cent in 2001, reversing the high growth rate of 5.3 percent recorded in 2000. This downturn is explained by the slow down in global economic activity, the fluctuating oil prices, the staggering commodity prices, the perennial conflicts and wars, and the natural disasters including floods, droughts and earthquakes that decimated people and destroyed crops and infrastructures (to mention but a few). In 2001, 27 IDB member countries recorded growth rates above 3 per cent, including 18 countries with growth rates above 5 per cent.

2.2 Per Capita Income

Output per capita for IDB member countries as a whole hovered around US$1,100 since 1980. The GDP per capita has declined from US$1,143 in 1990 to US$1,049 in 2001. This trend is the opposite of the experience in developing countries and the world where the par capita outcome has increased, respectively, from US$813 in 1980 to US$1,206 in 2001 and from US$2,487 in 1980 to US$5,077 in 2001. In 2001, there were 20 IDB member countries with per capita output above the average recorded for the IDB member countries as a group. In terms of the per capita income, there has been a marginal increase from US$1,098 in 2000 to US$ 1103 in 2001.

2.3 Structure of Output

The share of agriculture in the GDP of IDB member countries has decreased from 17.2 per cent in 1980 to 14.7 per cent in 2001. Although individual country shares varied widely in 2001, ranging from 2.9 per cent in Jordan to 59.2 per cent in Guinea-Bissau. Industry registered a sharp decline in its share of GDP from 33.5 per cent in 1980 to 27.4 per cent in 2001. At the IDB country level, the share of industry in GDP in 2001 varied from 8.3 per cent in Guinea-Bissau to 51.7 per cent in Gabon.

30

On the other hand, manufacturing, as a share of GDP, doubled from 8.8 per cent in 1980 to 15.9 per cent in 2001. Individual country shares ranged from 4.5 per cent in Gambia and Kyrgyz Republic to 29.4 per cent in Malaysia in 2001. Services appeared to be the major sector of the IDB member countries, accounting for 38 per cent of the GDP in 2001. In seven IDB member countries, services sector accounted for more than half of the GDP in 2001. Individual country shares in services sector varied from 22.6 per cent in Mozambique to 75.5 per cent in Suriname in 2001.

2.4 Sectoral Growth Rates

The average annual percentage growth in agriculture sector of IDB member countries slowed considerably from 4.2 percent in the period 1980-1990 to 1.6 percent in 1991-2001. This can be partly explained by the severe drought and flood conditions that were associated with the El-Nino weather phenomenon which adversely affected agricultural production in several IDB member countries especially in the mid- to late 90s. Performances of IDB member countries in the agriculture sector in 1991-2001 were somewhat mixed: 5 countries experienced negative growth rates, 6 countries had positive growth rates above 5 per cent, while 25 countries recorded positive growth lower than 5 per cent. Growth in the industry sector also dipped to 0.1 per cent during the period 1991-2001 from a growth rate of 3.9 per cent in 1980-90. Nineteen IDB member countries achieved industrial growth rates higher than 3 per cent during the 1991-2001 period, while 12 countries experienced contraction in their industrial output from one period to the other. The manufacturing sector declined from a growth rate of 9.1 per cent during 1980-90 to 4.1 per cent in 1991-2001. Nineteen IDB member countries recorded growth rates above 3 per cent while 10 countries experienced a downward manufacturing output during the two periods. The growth in services sector dropped marginally from a rate of 4.2 per cent in 1980-90 to 2.5 per cent in 1991-2001. Out of the 28 countries with data for the two periods (1980-90, and 1991-2001), 16 countries had recovered from low growth rates, while the remaining 12 countries witnessed regression in services output.

2.5 Structure of demand

The share of household final consumption (i.e. private consumption) of IDB member countries, as a proportion of GDP, increased from 48 per cent in 1980 to 59 per cent in 2001 while that of general government consumption remained the same at 15 per cent in 1980 and in 2001. Consequently, the gross domestic savings rate fell to 26 per cent in 2001 from 37 per cent in 1980. Similarly the gross national savings rate also dropped to 25 per cent in 2001 from 35 per cent in 1980. The share of gross capital formation in GDP declined marginally from its peak of 22 per cent in the 1990s to 20 per cent in 2001. The resource gap narrowed to a positive 6 per cent of GDP in 2001 from a high of 15 per cent in 1980. The share of exports of goods and services increased from 30 per cent of GDP in 1990 to 40 per cent of GDP in 2001, while the share of imports of goods and services in GDP also increased to 34 per cent in 2001 from 28 per cent in 1980.

31

2.6 Growth of Demand

The household final consumption growth rate for the IDB member countries as a group fell to 3.7 per cent over the period 1991-2001 from 8 per cent during 1980-90. Growth of general government final consumption also declined to 3.0 per cent in 1991-2001 from 5.3 per cent in 1980-90. In the same pattern, the growth of gross capital formation decreased from 5.4 per cent in 1980-90 to 1.3 per cent in 1991-2001. Similarly, the growth of exports of goods and services declined from 8 per cent in 1980-90 to 6.6 per cent in 1991-2001. On the other hand, the growth of imports of goods and services of the combined IDB member countries increased from 2.9 per cent in 1980-90 to 4.1 per cent in 1991-2001.

2.7 Government Finance

Most of the IDB member countries experienced consistent budget deficits since 1980. The magnitude of the deficit varied from one country to another and from one region to another. In some countries, both revenue and expenditure as a per cent of the GDP decreased during the period 1990-2001, while in others, expenditure continuously outpaced revenue, giving rise to persistent overall fiscal deficits.

2.8 Inflation, Money Supply and Exchange rate

The inflation rate for all items in the IDB member countries as a group, measured by consumer price index and expressed as a percentage change, increased to an average of 11.5 per cent in 2001 from -6.6 per cent in 1980. Over the period 1991-2001, the average annual inflation growth rate for all items was 15.1 per cent with the individual country inflation rates for the same period varying from -0.3 per cent in Oman to 78.3 per cent in Turkey. Changes in broad money supply (M2) of IDB member countries have generally fluctuated without any obvious trend to describe the pattern. While all countries witnessed expansion in broad money supply in 2001, less than half of them actually experienced growth in money supply in 2001. During the period 1991-2001, the annual average changes in money supply ranged from negative 0.2 per cent in Djibouti to a positive 92 per cent in Turkey. As at 2000, for which data are available, the IDB member countries had different exchange range arrangements which can be classified as follows: 10 countries had independent floating arrangement (IF), 12 had managed floating (MF), 13 had pegged arrangement (P), and 11 had their currencies pegged to the French Franc (FF). In terms of exchange rate structures, 4 countries had dual exchange rate (D), 40 had unitary exchange rate (U), and 2 multiple exchange rate (M).

Part II: MACRO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS

Country 1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2000 2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania 2,431 2,689 2,759 2,424 2,846 3,068 3,267Algeria 31,384 39,698 41,233 41,764 47,675 48,819 49,844Azerbaijan .. .. .. 2,417 3,061 3,401 3,736Bahrain 3,611 3,362 4,212 5,849 6,840 7,207 7,207Bangladesh 19,240 25,032 30,605 37,940 46,162 48,906 51,485Benin 1,253 1,564 1,632 2,009 2,455 2,598 2,728Brunei 5,681 4,716 4,809 5,217 .. .. ..Burkina Faso 1,258 1,537 1,743 2,184 2,677 2,736 2,891Cameroon 6,319 9,873 8,765 7,965 9,639 10,044 10,576Chad 788 1,207 1,311 1,438 1,665 1,676 1,819Comoros 167 207 223 232 246 243 248Côte d'Ivoire 8,566 8,680 9,198 9,992 12,112 11,833 11,727Djibouti .. .. 544 498 489 493 501Egypt 29,896 41,410 50,915 60,159 74,053 77,836 80,093Gabon 3,565 4,026 4,263 4,958 5,279 5,385 5,520Gambia 241 282 344 382 457 483 512Guinea .. .. 3,075 3,692 4,386 4,489 4,649Guinea-Bissau 134 181 217 254 234 251 252Indonesia 74,598 98,101 138,427 202,132 199,469 209,239 216,179Iran 53,985 69,549 70,246 87,384 99,635 105,539 110,614Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 3,958 5,101 4,818 6,812 7,607 7,912 8,244Kazakhstan .. .. 32,451 19,925 20,518 22,528 25,502Kuwait 21,582 17,047 .. 26,558 26,542 27,564 27,282Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 2,943 1,492 1,859 1,960 2,064Lebanon .. .. 6,256 11,119 12,511 12,511 12,673Libya .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Malaysia 31,615 40,551 56,499 88,833 103,119 111,617 112,057Maldives .. .. .. 400 509 532 543Mali 2,013 1,779 2,136 2,466 3,076 3,189 3,235Mauritania 753 786 887 1,068 1,255 1,319 1,380Morocco 21,590 25,387 31,507 32,986 38,984 39,324 41,880Mozambique 1,938 1,508 1,967 2,311 3,328 3,382 3,852Niger 1,833 1,599 1,813 1,881 2,194 2,163 2,327Oman 3,864 7,832 9,081 12,102 13,539 14,240 ..Pakistan 26,312 36,517 48,393 60,675 68,311 71,210 73,158Palestine .. .. .. 3,591 4,325 4,050 3,568Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 108,316 92,101 112,248 127,824 133,441 139,913 141,592Senegal 3,057 3,547 4,150 4,476 5,498 5,806 6,140Sierra-Leone 1,123 1,169 1,227 930 741 769 811Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan 4,388 4,538 5,608 7,194 9,182 9,739 10,409Suriname 350 326 335 348 447 411 435Syria 6,262 7,230 7,774 11,397 12,772 12,849 13,209Tajikistan .. 5,776 6,252 2,377 2,199 2,381 2,624Togo 1,175 1,154 1,304 1,309 1,489 1,461 1,500Tunisia 10,475 12,863 14,867 17,987 22,559 23,623 24,783Turkey 86,999 110,316 144,569 169,319 191,388 205,473 190,294Turkmenistan .. .. 9,423 5,874 6,086 7,157 8,624Uganda .. 3,206 4,102 5,756 7,466 7,728 8,086United Arab Emirates 39,468 34,435 38,704 42,807 .. .. ..Yemen Republic .. .. 3,231 4,236 5,305 5,539 5,711

IDB MCs 620,185 726,879 927,066 1,152,945 1,225,631 1,290,594 1,295,828

IDB/World(%) 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.8

Memo:

OIC Countries 643,165 746,538 964,911 1,191,846 1,269,202 1,335,777 1,342,829Least Dev. Countries .. 117,967 137,088 151,830 182,944 190,866 200,134Developing Countries 3,461,230 3,927,140 4,596,880 5,254,830 6,032,730 6,339,710 6,524,870High Income Countries 15,942,000 18,108,800 21,708,100 23,959,500 26,782,700 27,768,100 27,959,900World 19,409,000 22,042,800 26,318,400 29,225,600 32,824,800 34,116,000 34,490,300

Gross Domestic Product

(constant 1995 US$)(Million)

Table 2.1: Output

33


Annual Output Growth Rate

(%

Country 1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2000 2001 1980-1990 1991-2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. 1.8 -9.6 8.9 7.3 7.8 6.5 1.5 5.4Algeria 0.8 3.7 0.8 3.8 3.2 2.4 2.1 2.7 2.3Azerbaijan .. .. .. -11.8 7.4 11.1 9.9 .. ..Bahrain .. -4.8 4.4 3.9 4.0 5.4 0.0 2.1 4.2Bangladesh 1.5 3.9 6.6 4.9 4.9 5.9 5.3 4.3 5.0Benin 6.8 7.5 3.2 4.6 4.7 5.8 5.0 2.5 4.9Brunei -7.0 -1.5 2.7 3.1 .. .. .. -0.7 ..Burkina Faso 0.8 8.5 -1.5 4.5 5.8 2.2 5.6 3.6 4.3Cameroon -2.0 8.1 -6.1 3.3 4.4 4.2 5.3 3.4 2.8Chad -6.0 21.8 -4.2 0.8 1.0 0.6 8.5 6.1 2.5Comoros .. 2.3 5.1 3.6 1.9 -1.1 1.9 2.8 1.2Côte d'Ivoire -11.0 4.5 -1.1 7.0 1.6 -2.3 -0.9 0.7 3.4Djibouti .. .. -1.9 -2.3 2.2 0.7 1.6 .. -1.1Egypt 10.0 6.6 5.7 4.7 6.3 5.1 2.9 5.4 4.7Gabon 2.6 -2.3 5.2 7.0 -6.2 2.0 2.5 0.9 2.6Gambia 6.3 -0.8 3.6 0.9 6.4 5.6 6.0 3.6 3.5Guinea .. .. 4.4 4.4 3.6 2.3 3.6 .. 4.3Guinea-Bissau -16.0 4.2 6.1 4.4 7.8 7.5 0.2 4.0 0.7Indonesia 8.7 3.5 9.0 8.4 0.8 4.9 3.3 6.1 3.2Iran -12.8 1.8 11.2 2.9 2.5 5.9 4.8 1.7 3.3Iraq -18.0 -14.3 -30.7 .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 19.0 3.5 1.0 6.4 3.1 4.0 4.2 2.5 4.5Kazakhstan .. .. -4.6 -8.2 2.7 9.8 13.2 .. -1.9Kuwait -20.6 -4.3 .. 4.9 -1.6 3.9 -1.0 .. ..Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 5.7 -5.4 3.7 5.4 5.3 .. -1.6Lebanon .. .. 26.5 6.5 1.0 0.0 1.3 .. 4.1Libya 0.6 -8.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Malaysia 7.4 -1.1 9.0 9.8 6.1 8.2 0.4 5.3 6.1Maldives .. .. .. .. 7.4 4.6 2.1 .. ..Mali -4.3 -11.4 -1.9 6.2 6.8 3.7 1.4 0.8 4.3Mauritania 3.4 3.0 -1.8 4.6 4.1 5.1 4.6 1.8 4.3Morocco 3.6 6.3 4.0 -6.6 0.0 0.9 6.5 4.2 2.5Mozambique .. 1.0 1.0 4.3 7.5 1.6 13.9 -0.1 7.3Niger -2.2 7.7 -1.3 2.6 -0.6 -1.4 7.6 -0.1 2.9Oman 6.0 14.0 7.5 3.2 -0.3 5.2 .. 8.4 ..Pakistan 10.2 7.6 4.5 5.0 3.7 4.2 2.7 6.3 3.5Palestine .. .. .. -2.4 7.2 -6.4 -11.9 .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 7.9 -4.0 8.6 0.4 -0.8 4.9 1.2 0.0 1.2Senegal -3.3 3.8 3.9 5.2 5.1 5.6 5.7 3.1 4.3Sierra-Leone 4.8 -5.3 3.4 -8.0 -8.1 3.8 5.4 0.5 -4.3Somalia -3.9 8.2 -1.5 .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan 1.5 -6.3 -5.5 6.0 6.5 6.1 6.9 2.3 5.5Suriname -7.4 -0.9 0.1 2.3 -3.7 -8.2 5.9 -1.5 3.0Syria 12.0 6.1 7.6 5.8 -2.0 0.6 2.8 1.5 4.3Tajikistan .. .. -0.6 -12.4 3.7 8.3 10.2 .. -7.2Togo 14.6 5.6 -0.2 7.8 2.4 -1.9 2.7 1.7 2.7Tunisia 7.4 5.6 8.0 2.3 6.1 4.7 4.9 3.3 4.8Turkey -2.4 4.2 9.3 7.2 -4.7 7.4 -7.4 5.3 3.2Turkmenistan .. .. 0.7 -7.2 17.0 17.6 20.5 .. -1.9Uganda .. -3.3 6.5 11.5 7.5 3.5 4.6 .. 6.9United Arab Emirates 26.4 -6.6 17.5 6.1 .. .. .. -2.1 ..Yemen Republic .. .. .. 11.6 2.7 4.4 3.1 .. 5.9

IDB MCs 4.0 2.7 4.6 4.7 -2.8 5.3 0.4 4.0 2.8

Memo:

OIC Countries 4.0 2.9 4.7 4.6 -2.6 5.2 0.5 4.1 2.8LDCs .. 1.0 1.7 5.3 4.4 4.3 4.9 .. 4.0Developing Countries 5.3 3.1 1.4 3.8 2.7 5.1 2.9 3.2 3.5High Income Countries 1.3 3.4 3.0 2.5 3.0 3.7 0.7 3.3 2.6World 1.9 3.4 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.9 1.1 3.3 2.8

Period Growth Rate

(%)

Table 2.2: Growth of Output

34


Share of GDP (%)

Agriculture Industry Manufacturing Services

Country 1980 1990 2000 2001 1980 1990 2000 2001 1980 1990 2000 2001 1980 1990 2000 2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania 33.6 37.0 51.9 49.5 45.0 46.6 26.8 27.9 .. 39.8 11.8 11.8 21.4 16.4 21.3 22.7Algeria 7.9 8.0 9.5 10.6 48.5 47.6 47.7 46.6 10.5 12.1 8.8 8.8 32.5 34.4 34.1 34.2Azerbaijan .. .. 22.0 21.8 .. .. 26.6 27.2 .. .. 6.8 .. .. .. 49.5 45.6Bahrain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 34.0 29.1 24.9 24.4 20.4 20.4 25.0 25.4 15.4 12.3 15.0 15.2 49.5 51.7 50.1 50.3Benin 28.8 32.7 36.2 35.6 10.7 14.5 14.1 14.6 5.9 8.0 9.0 9.4 62.5 53.1 49.3 49.4Brunei 1.6 2.6 .. .. 64.3 48.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. 23.5 48.2 .. ..Burkina Faso 36.4 34.0 32.7 33.2 19.5 18.6 17.8 17.4 15.3 12.5 12.9 12.6 39.0 45.4 46.2 45.7Cameroon 33.7 30.8 42.8 42.8 23.4 31.6 25.0 25.3 8.2 11.3 11.7 12.0 37.4 32.4 27.4 27.2Chad 40.5 25.6 33.7 32.3 11.2 18.4 15.4 15.9 .. .. .. .. 49.6 51.2 48.1 48.9Comoros 37.5 38.7 50.6 51.4 13.1 7.8 16.6 16.4 3.1 3.7 5.4 5.3 49.3 53.8 32.5 31.8Côte d'Ivoire 27.6 27.7 30.0 29.7 16.4 19.6 20.8 20.4 16.4 17.9 17.3 17.2 56.7 53.0 48.9 49.5Djibouti .. 2.9 3.4 .. .. 17.6 12.6 .. .. 4.7 2.4 .. .. 67.4 73.1 ..Egypt 21.1 16.2 14.4 15.2 32.2 27.2 31.3 30.0 .. 15.6 18.8 19.1 41.0 50.5 47.8 48.6Gabon 12.1 10.8 7.9 8.1 52.1 56.5 51.9 51.7 5.6 5.5 .. .. 37.2 34.6 40.0 40.1Gambia 39.5 28.3 32.5 34.4 12.7 13.0 11.8 12.1 4.0 5.6 4.5 4.5 49.1 46.7 47.4 44.9Guinea .. 20.2 20.4 20.2 .. 32.7 33.8 34.3 .. 4.6 4.9 5.0 .. 45.1 42.4 40.2Guinea-Bissau 44.2 47.7 58.6 59.2 13.6 11.8 7.8 8.3 .. 7.2 4.9 5.2 34.9 33.5 29.9 32.6Indonesia 28.5 22.0 17.7 17.2 35.6 39.0 43.7 43.7 12.5 21.3 26.7 27.0 36.7 39.4 38.7 39.2Iran 18.8 22.4 22.3 22.3 32.8 42.8 26.0 26.7 10.4 13.6 15.6 16.3 45.7 34.0 49.7 50.0Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 3.4 4.8 2.9 0.0 19.6 23.4 22.8 0.0 13.6 13.2 13.6 0.0 67.4 61.3 60.0 0.0Kazakhstan .. 13.4 9.7 10.0 .. 48.3 32.3 32.9 .. .. .. .. .. 29.5 51.7 50.6Kuwait .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Kyrgyz Republic .. 28.1 45.7 46.4 .. 31.7 17.4 17.7 .. 15.8 4.9 4.5 .. 29.9 29.4 28.6Lebanon .. .. 10.9 .. .. .. 20.1 .. .. .. 9.5 .. .. .. 60.5 ..Libya .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Malaysia 26.5 20.4 10.8 11.0 34.6 38.5 45.0 43.4 16.8 23.9 31.5 29.4 42.1 42.9 43.4 44.8Maldives .. .. 10.8 10.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. 4.8 4.9 .. .. .. ..Mali 40.9 46.5 43.7 37.5 10.8 15.2 19.5 25.2 4.3 7.0 6.3 6.2 27.4 31.0 28.0 28.0Mauritania 21.3 21.4 23.9 22.8 22.4 26.7 23.0 22.3 .. 11.4 8.6 8.7 46.8 41.0 43.2 44.8Morocco 23.3 23.1 14.3 16.6 33.2 31.2 33.0 31.9 16.3 17.0 17.8 17.4 46.0 47.8 52.6 51.9Mozambique .. 39.2 29.1 29.2 .. 18.1 33.0 38.9 .. .. 15.3 18.1 .. 34.6 28.0 22.6Niger 31.5 35.6 37.8 40.4 20.1 18.2 17.8 16.9 .. 6.7 6.8 6.5 48.5 46.1 44.4 42.7Oman .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Pakistan 29.9 24.1 25.2 23.9 18.2 20.9 21.1 21.5 12.3 14.7 14.6 15.3 42.5 43.8 46.5 47.1Palestine .. .. 9.9 .. .. .. 20.4 .. .. .. 13.6 .. .. .. 51.3 ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 2.5 7.4 .. .. 70.9 54.7 .. .. 4.1 8.0 .. .. 31.4 38.2 .. ..Senegal 21.3 20.8 18.0 18.2 17.7 20.6 22.8 23.1 11.8 14.3 14.4 14.3 60.5 58.6 59.4 59.0Sierra-Leone 51.8 62.7 47.2 46.5 19.2 23.0 20.6 20.6 .. 3.6 .. .. 28.7 26.8 34.7 34.4Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Suriname 13.3 14.7 15.3 15.5 35.9 35.4 30.5 31.3 22.5 17.3 11.2 10.6 62.4 73.1 82.5 75.5Syria 37.3 29.8 29.0 29.7 10.3 16.9 23.8 24.1 .. 12.8 19.6 19.8 52.4 53.3 47.2 46.3Tajikistan .. 30.1 48.0 .. .. 37.6 27.3 26.7 .. 35.3 31.7 .. .. 19.8 37.4 37.5Togo 24.2 33.9 40.2 41.0 23.6 20.9 22.6 22.1 7.9 9.6 12.0 12.4 52.7 45.5 37.0 36.8Tunisia 14.4 14.9 12.7 11.8 28.1 28.3 28.1 28.4 18.5 17.3 18.6 19.0 57.3 56.5 59.2 59.8Turkey 24.8 16.7 13.4 13.7 21.3 25.8 26.2 26.3 13.2 17.0 18.5 18.4 49.6 48.1 48.8 49.5Turkmenistan .. 14.3 14.1 14.4 .. 62.9 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 20.2 19.4 20.2Uganda .. 53.0 40.3 40.4 .. 10.6 16.4 16.6 .. 4.9 8.2 8.0 .. 30.9 34.2 34.4U.A.E .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Yemen Republic .. 21.5 20.5 21.0 .. 30.5 32.9 32.5 .. 13.8 11.8 12.0 .. 47.6 46.7 46.4

IDB MCs 17.2 17.2 14.72 14.8 33.5 33.7 27.4 27.2 8.8 13.9 16.1 15.9 36.23 39.0 38.4 38.0

Memo:

OIC Countries 17.6 17.7 15.3 14.5 34.4 34.0 27.8 26.5 8.7 13.5 15.7 15.3 35.5 38.4 38.0 37.0LDCs .. 36.3 34.0 33.7 .. 21.8 23.7 24.3 .. 9.773 .. .. .. 44.9 43.8 43.5Developing C 13.6 14.2 12.7 12.7 35.3 35.6 35.6 35.6 18.3 19.22 22.83 22.9 40.9 42.9 45.7 45.7High Income C. 2.7 2.4 2.1 .. 31.2 30.0 27.8 .. .. 19.94 19.7 .. 60.4 61.5 64.3 ..World 4.7 4.5 4.1 4.1 32.0 31.0 29.2 .. .. 19.85 20.26 .. 56.9 58.3 60.8 ..

Table 2.3: Structure of Output

35


Average Annual % growth

Agriculture Industry Manufacturing Services

Country 1980-1990 1991-2001 1980-1990 1991-2001 1980-1990 1991-2001 1980-1990 1991-2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania 1.9 6.1 2.1 5.0 .. -0.8 -0.4 5.1Algeria 4.1 3.5 2.6 2.3 4.1 -1.4 3.0 2.2Azerbaijan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bahrain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 2.7 3.3 4.9 7.3 3.0 6.9 4.4 4.7Benin 5.1 5.7 3.4 4.3 5.1 5.8 0.7 4.4Brunei 4.1 .. -3.5 .. .. .. 6.6 ..Burkina Faso 3.1 3.2 3.8 4.6 2.0 5.6 4.6 4.5Cameroon 2.2 6.1 5.9 1.0 5.0 2.6 2.1 0.9Chad 2.3 2.9 8.1 4.2 .. .. 6.7 1.7Comoros 3.7 3.7 -2.9 5.9 4.9 4.1 3.4 -2.8Côte d'Ivoire 0.3 3.4 4.4 4.1 3.0 3.0 -0.3 3.1Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 2.7 3.5 3.3 4.2 .. 6.8 7.8 5.1Gabon 1.2 -0.9 1.5 2.8 1.8 .. 0.1 2.8Gambia 0.9 6.1 4.7 2.7 7.8 1.4 2.7 3.7Guinea .. 4.1 .. 5.1 .. 4.2 .. 3.5Guinea-Bissau 4.7 3.4 2.2 -3.8 .. -2.8 3.5 -0.5Indonesia 3.6 1.8 7.3 4.1 12.8 5.7 6.5 2.9Iran 4.5 3.9 3.3 -3.5 4.5 4.8 -1.0 8.4Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 6.8 .. 1.7 .. 0.5 .. 2.3 ..Kazakhstan .. -6.2 .. -5.6 .. .. .. 3.5Kuwait .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Kyrgyz Republic .. 3.2 .. -6.9 .. -13.6 .. -3.1Lebanon .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Libya .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Malaysia 3.4 0.1 6.8 7.6 9.3 8.4 4.9 6.1Maldives .. 1.9 .. .. .. 5.8 .. ..Mali 3.3 3.1 4.3 7.7 6.8 2.6 1.9 3.4Mauritania 1.7 4.6 4.9 2.1 .. -0.5 0.4 5.6Morocco 6.7 -0.3 3.0 3.4 4.1 2.8 4.2 3.0Mozambique .. 5.9 .. 17.2 .. .. .. 1.2Niger 1.7 3.1 -1.7 2.5 .. 3.3 -0.7 2.7Oman .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Pakistan 4.0 4.1 7.7 3.8 8.1 3.8 6.8 4.3Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 13.4 .. -2.3 .. 7.5 .. 1.3 ..Senegal 2.8 2.8 4.3 5.6 4.6 4.6 2.8 4.3Sierra-Leone 3.1 -2.6 1.7 -4.1 .. .. -0.9 -4.2Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Suriname 0.1 1.0 -0.5 1.6 -3.4 -1.3 0.3 4.6Syria -0.6 4.4 6.6 9.2 .. 10.2 1.6 2.4Tajikistan .. .. .. -12.5 .. .. .. 0.8Togo 5.6 4.0 1.1 3.3 1.7 4.8 -0.3 1.1Tunisia 2.8 2.2 3.1 4.8 3.7 5.7 3.5 5.4Turkey 1.2 1.1 7.7 3.2 7.9 4.0 4.5 3.5Turkmenistan .. -2.2 .. .. .. .. .. -2.6Uganda .. 3.9 .. 12.0 .. 12.9 .. 7.7United Arab Emirates .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Yemen Republic .. 5.9 .. 8.0 .. 4.1 .. 4.8

IDB MCs 4.2 1.6 3.9 0.1 9.1 4.1 4.2 2.5.. 5.0

Memo:

OIC Countries 4.4 1.5 3.8 -0.1 8.9 4.0 4.4 2.4LDCs .. 3.1 .. 5.5 .. .. .. 3.6Developing Countries 3.3 2.3 3.6 3.9 4.2 5.3 3.6 3.9High Income Countries 1.9 .. 3.0 .. .. .. 3.5 ..World 2.6 1.9 3.1 .. .. .. 3.5 ..

Table 2.4: Sectoral Growth Rates

36


Gross National Income (GNI) Per Capita GNI Per Capita GDP

(Curent US$ billion) (Current US$) (Current US$)

Country 1980 1990 2000 2001 1980 1990 2000 2001 1980 1990 2000 2001

Afghanistan 4.1 .. .. .. 260 .. .. .. 228 .. .. ..Albania .. 2.2 3.8 4.2 .. 680 1,220 1,340 .. 641 1,197 1,300Algeria 38.8 61.1 47.9 51.0 2,080 2,440 1,580 1,650 2,268 2,480 1,759 1,773Azerbaijan .. .. 4.9 5.3 .. .. 600 650 .. .. 655 688Bahrain .. 3.6 7.0 7.2 .. 7,120 10,760 11,130 9,200 8,409 12,294 12,189Bangladesh 18.5 30.6 47.9 48.6 220 280 370 360 206 274 359 350Benin 1.4 1.7 2.4 2.4 410 370 390 380 406 392 360 368Brunei .. 5.2 .. .. .. 20,160 .. .. 25,422 13,973 .. ..Burkina Faso 1.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 260 290 220 220 245 311 205 215Cameroon 5.4 11.1 8.7 8.7 620 960 580 580 773 960 595 559Chad 1.1 1.6 1.5 1.6 240 280 200 200 231 303 183 202Comoros .. 0.2 0.2 0.2 .. 550 380 380 369 608 366 386Côte d'Ivoire 9.3 9.3 10.9 10.3 1,140 780 680 630 1,242 915 662 634Djibouti .. .. 0.6 0.6 .. .. 880 890 .. 888 875 894Egypt 21.7 42.5 95.4 99.6 530 810 1,490 1,530 561 822 1,554 1,511Gabon 3.3 4.6 3.9 4.0 4,820 4,900 3,190 3,160 6,184 6,366 4,010 3,437Gambia 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 380 310 340 320 376 342 324 291Guinea .. 2.6 3.3 3.1 .. 460 450 410 .. 490 413 394Guinea-Bissau 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 150 230 180 160 145 258 180 162Indonesia 74.1 111.0 119.0 144.7 500 620 580 690 526 642 738 695Iran 87.9 140.7 105.3 108.7 2,250 2,590 1,740 1,860 2,368 2,213 1,595 1,767Iraq 42.1 39.2 .. .. 3,240 2,170 .. .. 3,657 2,692 .. ..Jordan 4.4 4.4 8.4 8.8 2,000 1,390 1,720 1,750 1,816 1,268 1,729 1,755Kazakhstan .. .. 18.8 20.1 .. .. 1,250 1,350 .. 2,465 1,215 1,503Kuwait 26.7 .. 35.5 37.4 19,420 20,540 .. .. 20,828 8,672 18,056 16,048Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 1.4 1.4 .. .. 280 280 .. 540 279 308Lebanon .. 3.7 17.4 17.6 .. 1,010 4,010 4,010 .. 781 3,810 3,811Libya 31.8 .. .. .. 10,460 .. .. .. 11,681 6,705 6,453 ..Malaysia 25.2 43.2 75.7 79.3 1,830 2,380 3,250 3,330 1,812 2,419 3,869 3,699Maldives .. .. 0.6 0.6 .. .. 2,070 2,000 269 1,010 2,181 2,082Mali 1.8 2.3 2.7 2.5 270 270 230 .. 271 286 225 239Mauritania 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.0 460 550 390 360 457 512 367 366Morocco 18.7 24.8 33.9 34.7 970 1,030 1,180 1,190 971 1,074 1,162 1,173Mozambique .. 2.3 3.8 3.8 .. 170 210 210 292 174 216 200Niger 2.4 2.4 1.9 2.0 430 310 180 180 447 322 166 175Oman 4.3 8.8 14.9 .. 3,870 5,410 6,180 .. 5,433 6,475 8,226 ..Pakistan 25.1 42.6 61.8 60.0 300 390 450 420 286 371 440 415Palestine .. .. 4.9 4.2 .. .. 1,650 1,350 .. .. 1,470 1,286Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 34,188 15,176 28,132 ..Saudi Arabia 138.1 104.6 168.3 181.1 14,740 6,620 8,120 8,460 16,697 6,623 9,107 8,711Senegal 3.0 5.3 4.7 4.7 530 720 500 490 539 778 460 476Sierra-Leone 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.7 380 200 130 140 340 162 126 146Somalia 0.7 1.0 .. .. 100 130 .. .. 93 128 .. ..Sudan 9.0 14.3 9.7 10.7 470 580 310 340 394 531 362 395Suriname 0.9 0.5 0.9 0.8 2,590 1,330 1,810 .. 2,509 789 2,073 1,803Syria 14.0 11.3 15.4 17.3 1,610 940 950 1,040 1,501 1,016 1,105 1,175Tajikistan .. 4.5 1.1 1.1 .. 840 180 180 .. 818 160 169Togo 1.1 1.5 1.3 1.3 450 440 290 270 451 472 270 270Tunisia 8.7 11.6 20.1 20.0 1,360 1,430 2,100 2,070 1,370 1,507 2,035 2,066Turkey 85.6 127.3 201.2 167.3 1,920 2,270 3,080 2,530 1,594 2,684 3,052 2,230Turkmenistan .. .. 4.0 5.1 .. .. 750 950 .. .. 833 1,097Uganda .. 5.6 6.2 5.9 .. 340 280 260 97 264 265 249U.A.E 32.6 36.8 .. .. 31,290 19,930 .. .. 28,404 18,510 .. ..Yemen Republic .. .. 7.1 8.2 .. .. 410 450 .. 407 524 514

IDB MCs 746.1 931.2 1,189.3 1,200.9 1165.9 1146.5 1098 1102.5 1,104 1,143 1,171 1,049

Memo:

OIC Countries 802.4 957.0 1,238.0 1,252.5 1,127 1,057 1,000 1,004 1,064 1,042 1,075 965LDCs .. 161.5 184.6 189.7 .. 310 280 280 298 307 287 288Developing C 2,766.5 3,850.1 5,937.6 6,025.0 770 880 1,160 1,160 813 951 1,208 1,206High Income C. 8,732.1 17,538.9 25,561.5 25,372.5 10,550 19,840 26,900 26,510 10,026 19,980 26,662 26,004World 11,342.0 21,401.1 31,504.1 31,400.0 2,560 4,070 5,200 5,120 2,487 4,154 5,203 5,077

Table 2.5: Per Capita Output and Income

37


(% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP)

Country 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania 56 61 92 9 19 11 34 29 19 23 15 19 23 23 42Algeria 42 57 44 15 16 15 34 27 22 34 23 37 30 25 21Azerbaijan .. 51 65 .. 18 10 .. 20 21 .. 44 42 .. 39 38Bahrain 32 38 47 13 24 18 31 19 13 124 116 81 115 95 59Bangladesh 92 86 79 6 4 5 15 17 23 6 6 15 18 14 22Benin 98 87 82 9 11 12 .. 13 19 16 14 15 37 26 28Brunei .. .. .. 7 .. .. 3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 95 77 77 10 15 14 16 20 25 10 13 10 33 26 26Cameroon 69 67 68 10 13 11 20 17 18 28 20 32 27 17 29Chad .. 88 89 .. 10 8 .. 11 42 17 13 14 29 28 53Comoros 79 80 87 31 23 14 29 11 11 9 14 16 52 35 29Cote d'Ivoire 63 72 74 17 17 9 24 9 9 35 32 39 41 27 32Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 69 73 78 16 11 12 25 27 15 31 20 18 43 33 23Gabon 26 50 .. 13 13 .. 27 21 31 65 46 60 32 31 41Gambia 63 76 84 31 14 15 .. 22 18 43 60 54 64 72 71Guinea .. 73 75 .. 9 5 .. 18 21 .. 31 28 .. 31 29Guinea-Bissau 73 87 99 28 10 12 28 30 22 13 10 41 42 37 74Indonesia 51 59 67 11 9 7 22 28 21 34 25 41 20 24 33Iran 53 62 51 21 11 13 22 15 30 13 22 28 16 24 21Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 79 74 76 29 25 23 35 26 26 40 62 44 84 93 69Kazakhstan .. .. 60 .. .. 16 .. .. 23 .. .. 46 .. .. 49Kuwait 31 57 48 11 39 26 13 18 9 78 45 55 34 58 37Kyrgyz Republic .. 71 66 .. 25 17 .. 23 15 .. 29 37 .. 50 37Lebanon .. 140 94 .. 25 18 .. 18 19 .. 18 12 .. 100 42Libya 21 48 .. 22 24 .. 21 14 .. 66 40 .. 31 31 ..Malaysia 54 52 41 16 14 12 30 33 25 57 75 116 54 72 98Maldives .. .. 34 .. .. 25 24 37 23 18 24 93 58 64 76Mali 87 80 77 12 14 13 15 23 21 15 17 31 29 34 42Mauritania 58 69 70 45 26 16 .. 20 27 37 46 38 67 61 51Morocco 68 65 63 18 15 18 22 24 24 17 26 30 28 32 36Mozambique 98 101 70 12 12 10 6 16 42 11 8 22 27 36 44Niger 75 84 84 10 15 12 25 11 11 25 15 17 38 22 25Oman 28 27 .. 25 38 .. 22 .. .. 63 53 .. 38 31 ..Pakistan 83 74 75 10 15 10 18 17 14 12 16 18 24 23 19Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 22 40 37 16 31 27 20 19 18 71 46 42 30 36 24Senegal 85 76 78 20 15 10 13 13 20 27 25 30 44 30 38Sierra-Leone 91 83 95 8 8 17 15 10 8 23 22 17 38 24 37Somalia 97 .. .. 16 .. .. 43 15 .. 33 10 .. 88 38 ..Sudan 82 .. .. 16 .. .. 11 .. 17 11 .. 13 23 .. 16Suriname 58 53 82 21 25 19 26 19 16 69 28 68 74 27 85Syria 65 69 61 23 14 11 30 17 21 19 28 38 36 28 31Tajikistan .. 74 .. .. 9 9 .. 22 8 .. 28 64 .. 35 76Togo 54 71 87 22 14 9 28 25 20 51 33 33 56 45 50Tunisia 62 58 61 14 16 16 28 31 26 40 44 48 46 51 52Turkey 77 69 67 12 11 14 16 23 18 5 13 34 12 18 31Turkmenistan .. 49 49 .. 23 15 .. .. 36 .. .. 47 .. .. 47Uganda .. 92 81 .. 8 12 .. 13 20 19 7 12 26 19 26United Arab Emirates 17 39 .. 11 16 .. 27 19 .. 78 65 .. 34 40 ..Yemen Republic .. 74 65 .. 17 14 .. 12 20 .. 14 38 .. 20 37

IDB MCs 48 61 59 15 15 15 22 22 20 40 30 40 28 30 34

Memo:

OIC Countries 49 60 59 15 15 15 22 21 21 40 30 40 27 30 35LDMCs .. 82 80 .. 11 9 .. 16 20 14 14 21 27 23 30Developing Countries 62 61 61 12 14 15 24 23 22 17 20 29 18 20 28High Income Countries 59 59 .. 17 17 .. 25 23 .. 20 20 .. 21 20 ..World 59 59 58 16 17 18 24 23 22 19 20 30 20 20 28

capital

formation

Export of Goods

and

Services

Household final

consumption

expenditure

Import of Goods

Services

and

expenditure

final consumption

General government Gross fixed

Table 2.6: Structure of Demand

38


Resource Gap*

(% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP)

Country 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. .. 14 34 29 19 35 21 -3 1 -8 -22Algeria 41 24 .. 34 27 22 43 27 41 9 0 19Azerbaijan .. .. 20 .. 20 21 .. 31 25 .. .. 4Bahrain 54 15 14 31 19 13 55 37 34 24 18 21Bangladesh 7 12 21 15 17 23 2 10 16 -13 -7 -7Benin 4 5 11 .. 13 19 -6 2 6 .. -11 -13Brunei .. .. .. 3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 12 19 12 16 20 25 -6 8 10 -22 -12 -16Cameroon 6 16 16 20 17 18 22 21 20 2 3 3Chad .. 12 5 .. 11 42 .. 2 3 .. -10 -39Comoros 0 14 .. 29 11 11 -10 -3 0 -39 -14 -11Cote d'Ivoire 9 -5 8 24 9 9 20 11 17 -4 3 8Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 21 21 16 25 27 15 15 16 10 -9 -11 -5Gabon 48 24 35 27 21 31 61 37 50 34 15 20Gambia 16 21 6 .. 22 18 6 11 1 .. -12 -17Guinea .. 15 20 .. 18 21 .. 18 20 .. 0 -1Guinea-Bissau .. 14 .. 28 30 22 -1 3 -11 -29 -27 -33Indonesia .. 28 23 22 28 21 38 32 26 16 4 5Iran 27 27 35 22 15 30 26 27 36 5 12 6Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 44 22 24 35 26 26 -8 1 1 -43 -25 -25Kazakhstan .. .. 19 .. .. 23 .. .. 23 .. .. 1Kuwait 69 17 35 13 18 9 58 4 26 45 -14 17Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 15 .. 23 15 .. 4 16 .. -19 2Lebanon .. 22 .. .. 18 19 .. -64 -12 .. -82 -31Libya 53 .. .. 21 14 .. 57 27 .. 36 .. ..Malaysia 26 30 35 30 33 25 30 34 47 0 1 22Maldives .. .. 30 24 37 23 .. .. 41 .. .. 18Mali 8 15 .. 15 23 21 1 6 10 -14 -17 -11Mauritania 4 19 25 .. 20 27 -4 5 14 .. -15 -13Morocco 17 25 27 22 24 24 14 19 19 -9 -5 -5Mozambique -8 0 27 6 16 42 -11 -12 19 -16 -28 -22Niger 17 -1 3 25 11 11 15 1 3 -11 -10 -8Oman 32 17 .. 22 .. .. 47 35 .. 25 .. ..Pakistan 15 16 19 18 17 14 7 11 15 -11 -6 0Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 56 22 28 20 19 18 62 30 36 42 11 18Senegal -4 8 14 13 13 20 -5 9 12 -18 -4 -8Sierra-Leone 3 -1 .. 15 10 8 1 9 -12 -14 -1 -20Somalia -6 .. .. 43 15 .. -13 -12 .. -56 -27 ..Sudan 3 .. 7 11 .. 17 2 .. 15 -9 .. -2Suriname 36 23 -9 26 19 16 21 22 -1 -5 3 -17Syria 28 14 .. 30 17 21 12 17 29 -18 0 7Tajikistan .. .. .. .. 22 8 .. 17 .. .. -4 ..Togo 27 21 .. 28 25 20 23 15 4 -5 -11 -16Tunisia 25 29 23 28 31 26 24 25 23 -4 -5 -3Turkey 16 24 21 16 23 18 11 20 19 -5 -3 1Turkmenistan .. .. 36 .. .. 36 .. 28 36 .. .. 0Uganda -1 1 13 .. 13 20 0 1 6 .. -12 -14United Arab Emirates .. .. .. 27 19 .. 72 45 .. 44 26 ..Yemen Republic .. .. 30 .. 12 20 .. 9 21 .. -3 2

IDB MCs 35 23 25 22 22 20 37 24 26 15 2 6

Memo:

OIC Countries 34 23 25 22 21 21 36 24 26 15 3 5LDMCs .. 12 17 .. 16 20 4 7 12 .. -9 -8Developing Countries .. 24 23 24 23 22 25 25 25 2 2 2High Income Countries 24 20 .. 25 23 .. 24 24 .. 0 1 ..World 23 21 24 24 23 22 24 24 24 0 1 ..

* Gross Domestic Savings minus Gross capital formation

Gross Domestic

Savings

Gross fixed

capital formation

Gross National

Savings

Table 2.7: Investment, Saving, and Resource Gap

39


Household final General government finalconsumption expend. consumption expenditure Gross capital formation Export of Goods & Services Import of Goods & Services(ave. annual % growth) (average annual % growth) (average annual % growth) (average annual % growth) (average annual % growth)

Country 1980-90 1991-2001 1980-90 1991-2001 1980-90 1991-2001 1980-90 1991-2001 1980-90 1991-2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. 5.3 .. 2.8 -0.3 20.1 .. 11.3 .. 10.3Algeria 1.5 0.5 0.7 3.1 -1.8 0.2 4.1 3.7 -4.2 0.0Azerbaijan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bahrain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 4.5 3.9 5.0 4.4 1.4 9.6 7.7 13.2 5.6 10.8Benin 1.9 4.5 0.5 4.2 -5.3 6.4 -4.3 2.6 -6.2 3.1Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 2.6 3.4 6.2 0.0 8.6 8.3 -0.4 0.4 2.6 1.5Cameroon 3.5 3.9 6.8 2.7 -2.6 2.6 5.9 4.3 3.6 7.3Chad .. 1.9 .. 0.0 .. 6.8 6.5 0.7 9.9 1.2Comoros 3.0 5.0 1.8 -2.8 -4.2 -5.2 9.3 -3.1 -0.2 1.4Cote d'Ivoire 1.5 3.8 -0.1 0.9 -10.4 5.8 1.9 2.4 -2.5 2.8Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 4.6 4.9 3.1 3.5 0.0 4.8 5.2 3.3 -2.0 3.3Gabon 1.5 2.3 -0.6 4.5 -5.7 3.6 3.0 0.6 -2.4 0.8Gambia -2.4 4.4 1.7 0.6 0.0 2.1 1.2 1.3 -5.5 2.0Guinea .. 3.4 .. 6.9 .. 3.3 .. 5.1 .. 2.0Guinea-Bissau 0.8 2.4 7.2 3.5 12.9 -10.7 -1.7 19.2 0.3 0.1Indonesia 5.6 6.0 4.6 -0.1 7.2 -3.8 2.7 4.3 1.2 3.5Iran 2.8 2.9 -5.0 4.4 -2.5 3.1 6.9 -1.0 -3.6 -11.3Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 1.9 4.7 1.9 5.0 -1.9 1.2 4.8 2.5 1.2 2.5Kazakhstan .. -6.5 .. -4.4 .. -10.0 .. -0.5 .. -6.7Kuwait .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Kyrgyz Republic .. -4.2 .. -6.4 .. -1.6 .. .. .. ..Lebanon .. 1.3 .. 5.9 .. 2.7 .. 8.4 .. -1.0Libya .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Malaysia 3.3 4.7 2.7 4.9 3.1 2.2 10.6 10.5 6.9 8.2Maldives .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Mali 0.6 3.9 7.9 5.9 3.6 2.8 4.8 10.1 6.6 2.8Mauritania 1.4 2.2 -3.8 2.5 6.9 10.6 2.1 3.1 0.2 2.9Morocco 4.3 2.8 2.1 3.8 1.2 3.5 7.9 5.1 3.4 6.2Mozambique -1.4 3.9 -2.6 3.0 3.8 16.8 -6.8 14.8 -3.8 7.7Niger 0.0 .. 4.4 .. -7.1 .. -2.9 .. -6.3 ..Oman .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Pakistan 4.3 4.7 10.3 0.6 5.8 1.2 8.4 0.6 2.1 1.4Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Senegal 2.1 4.2 3.3 0.4 5.2 5.9 3.7 4.0 1.8 2.9Sierra-Leone -2.7 -1.9 -4.7 -0.2 44.9 -0.7 -1.6 -34.8 -5.1 -15.1Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Suriname .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Syria 3.6 1.8 -3.6 0.0 -5.3 1.9 7.3 10.1 -0.7 0.2Tajikistan .. .. .. -14.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..Togo 4.7 4.0 -1.2 -1.9 2.7 4.1 0.1 1.8 2.8 3.3Tunisia 2.9 4.5 3.8 4.1 -1.8 4.0 5.6 5.7 1.7 4.7Turkey .. 2.9 .. 4.6 .. 2.6 .. 11.7 .. 9.8Turkmenistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda .. 7.7 .. 6.5 .. 9.7 .. 15.5 .. 14.5United Arab Emirates .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Yemen Republic .. 2.6 .. 1.3 .. 9.2 .. 12.9 .. 2.7

IDB MCs 8.0 3.7 5.3 3.0 5.4 1.3 8.0 6.6 2.9 4.1

Memo:

OIC Countries 7.1 3.2 4.9 2.5 5.2 1.0 7.3 6.5 1.2 4.3LDMCs .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7.8 .. 5.5Developing Countries 3.1 3.8 4.8 2.3 2.0 2.4 5.6 8.5 1.5 7.0High Income Countries 3.3 .. 2.7 1.7 4.3 3.3 5.1 6.8 5.9 7.2World 3.3 .. 2.9 1.8 3.9 3.2 5.2 7.2 5.1 7.1

Table 2.8: Growth of Demand

40


Revenue (excl. grants) Expenditure Budget* Suplus (+) / Deficit(-)

(% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP)

Country 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Algeria .. .. 30.0 39.2 35.7 .. .. 30.4 29.3 31.3 .. .. -0.5 9.9 4.1Azerbaijan .. .. 17.6 .. .. .. .. 22.6 .. .. .. .. -2.5 .. ..Bahrain 33.6 29.5 26.2 35.6 32.5 27.4 31.8 28.1 25.9 27.7 5.9 -6.5 -5.4 2.2 -1.0Bangladesh 8.3 .. 9.3 .. .. 7.3 .. 12.7 .. .. 1.8 .. -2.8 .. ..Benin .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 11.8 11.0 .. .. .. 12.2 15.0 .. .. .. 0.2 -1.3 .. .. ..Cameroon 16.4 15.4 15.7 .. .. 15.7 21.2 15.5 .. .. 0.5 -5.9 0.1 .. ..Chad .. 6.7 .. .. .. .. 21.8 .. .. .. .. -4.7 .. .. ..Comoros .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Cote d'Ivoire 22.9 22.0 16.4 16.4 17.5 31.7 24.5 19.7 17.9 17.0 -10.8 -2.9 -2.1 -1.1 1.0Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 44.1 23.0 .. .. .. 50.3 27.8 .. .. .. -11.7 -5.7 .. .. ..Gabon 35.5 20.6 .. .. .. 36.5 20.2 .. .. .. 6.1 3.2 .. .. ..Gambia 23.1 19.4 .. .. .. 31.7 23.6 .. .. .. -4.4 -0.8 .. .. ..Guinea .. 16.0 11.7 .. .. .. 22.9 21.0 .. .. .. -3.3 -2.4 .. ..Guinea-Bissau .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Indonesia 21.3 18.8 18.1 .. 20.6 22.1 18.4 20.5 .. 24.1 -2.3 0.4 -1.1 .. -1.2Iran 21.6 18.1 24.7 21.0 .. 35.7 19.9 25.6 21.9 .. -13.8 -1.8 -0.8 -0.6 ..Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 17.9 26.1 26.5 25.1 25.1 41.3 35.8 31.3 31.2 32.4 -9.3 -3.5 -2.4 -2.0 -2.5Kazakhstan .. .. 8.6 11.3 11.3 .. .. 15.1 14.3 14.5 .. .. -3.9 -0.6 -0.4Kuwait 89.3 58.7 34.5 .. .. 27.7 55.3 44.2 .. .. 58.7 .. -9.7 .. ..Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 15.8 14.2 .. .. .. 19.7 18.0 .. .. .. -2.4 -2.2 ..Lebanon .. .. 19.5 .. .. .. .. 35.7 .. .. .. .. -16.2 .. ..Libya .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Malaysia 25.8 26.4 .. .. .. 28.0 29.3 .. .. .. -5.9 -2.0 .. .. ..Maldives 14.2 22.1 30.8 31.3 32.4 32.1 34.1 37.3 38.9 40.8 -23.8 -8.3 -4.2 -4.6 -5.2Mali 9.9 .. .. .. .. 19.4 .. .. .. .. -4.2 .. .. .. ..Mauritania .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Morocco 23.3 26.4 29.6 .. .. 33.1 28.8 32.5 .. .. -9.7 -2.2 -2.5 .. ..Mozambique .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Niger 14.6 .. .. .. .. 18.6 .. .. .. .. -4.8 .. .. .. ..Oman 38.2 38.9 23.0 23.9 .. 38.5 39.5 30.8 28.6 .. 0.4 -0.8 -7.8 -4.8 ..Pakistan 16.2 19.1 15.8 16.9 15.7 17.5 22.4 21.3 23.1 21.7 -5.7 -5.4 -6.9 -5.5 -4.7Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Senegal 24.3 .. 17.3 18.1 17.8 23.3 .. 20.4 20.6 21.8 0.9 .. -1.2 -1.2 -2.0Sierra-Leone 16.4 5.6 7.1 .. .. 28.9 8.3 20.9 .. .. -12.8 -2.5 -8.5 .. ..Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan 122.7 .. 8.3 .. .. 174.2 .. 8.7 .. .. -29.0 .. -0.9 .. ..Suriname .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Syria 26.8 21.9 23.9 .. .. 48.2 21.8 23.2 .. .. -9.7 0.3 0.7 .. ..Tajikistan .. .. 10.2 10.5 11.5 .. .. 12.4 11.3 11.6 .. .. -0.8 -0.2 0.1Togo 30.3 .. .. .. .. 30.8 .. .. .. .. -2.0 .. .. .. ..Tunisia 31.3 30.7 28.8 28.6 .. 31.6 34.6 31.6 32.0 .. -2.8 -5.4 -2.3 -2.6 ..Turkey 18.1 13.7 25.5 28.1 28.6 21.3 17.4 38.1 39.4 48.7 -3.1 -3.0 -13.0 -11.4 -19.3Turkmenistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda 3.2 .. 11.7 11.3 10.8 6.2 .. 18.2 20.4 21.3 -3.1 .. -1.3 -7.2 -2.2U.A.E 0.2 1.6 .. .. .. 12.1 11.5 .. .. .. 2.1 0.4 .. .. ..Yemen Rep .. 18.9 23.9 .. .. .. 27.8 26.7 .. .. .. -8.8 -3.5 .. ..

IDB MCs -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- -- -- -- -- --

Memo:

OIC Countries -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- -- -- -- -- --LDCs 22.5 .. 10.3 .. .. .. .. 13.9 .. .. .. .. -2.3 .. ..Developing C .. 17.1 17.1 .. .. .. 21.6 20.7 .. .. .. -3.0 -3.3 .. ..High Income C. 22.6 23.8 .. .. .. 25.9 26.6 .. .. .. -4.0 -2.8 .. .. ..World 22.1 22.7 .. .. .. 25.1 25.8 .. .. .. -3.9 -2.8 .. .. ..* including grants

Table 2.9: Government Finance

41

Part II; MACRO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS

All Items (1995=100 Food (1995=100)

(%) (%)

Country 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001 1980-90 1991-01 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001 1980-90 1991-01

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. .. 0.4 0.0 3.1 .. 24.2 .. 3.5 -0.3 -2.1 .. .. ..Algeria 9.5 16.6 2.6 0.3 4.2 9.1 14.0 .. 23.8 0.9 -2.1 4.4 9.7 15.1Azerbaijan .. .. -8.6 1.8 1.5 .. 134.5 .. .. -11.0 2.3 2.7 .. 135.5Bahrain 3.9 0.9 -1.4 -0.7 .. 0.8 .. .. 0.1 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 0.3 -0.4Bangladesh .. 6.1 8.9 3.9 1.1 .. 5.1 .. .. 3.5 3.5 3.8 .. ..Benin .. .. 0.3 4.2 4.0 .. .. .. -0.7 -0.3 .. .. .. ..Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.5 2.3 1.7Burkina Faso .. -0.8 -1.1 -0.3 5.0 .. 5.3 .. -1.4 -6.1 -5.8 8.8 0.7 5.4Cameroon 9.6 1.1 1.5 -2.1 4.5 8.7 6.1 .. .. 1.0 2.3 7.0 .. ..Chad .. -0.2 -6.8 3.8 12.4 .. 8.3 .. -0.2 -12.7 7.7 .. .. ..Comoros .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Cote d'Ivoire 14.7 -0.8 0.8 2.5 4.3 5.4 6.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 20.7 16.8 3.1 2.7 2.3 17.4 7.2 .. 15.9 6.6 2.5 1.1 .. 6.4Gabon 12.3 7.7 -1.9 0.5 .. 5.1 .. .. 11.6 -0.6 0.5 5.0 .. 4.9Gambia 6.8 12.2 3.8 0.8 .. 20.0 .. .. 14.1 4.0 0.2 -0.7 20.3 3.2Guinea .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 17.7 .. .. .. .. ..Guinea-Bissau .. 33.0 -0.7 8.6 3.3 .. 27.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Indonesia 18.0 7.8 20.5 3.7 11.5 8.3 14.7 .. 7.2 25.0 -4.8 8.5 8.7 18.2Iran 20.6 7.6 20.1 14.5 11.3 18.2 24.7 .. 3.0 24.3 12.0 6.6 16.2 25.2Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 11.1 16.2 0.6 0.7 1.8 5.7 3.0 .. 20.5 -0.9 -0.7 0.3 4.7 3.4Kazakhstan .. .. 8.3 13.2 8.4 .. .. .. .. 7.4 16.0 11.5 .. 127.9Kuwait 6.9 9.8 3.0 1.8 1.7 2.9 1.8 .. 12.3 4.5 0.8 0.0 1.6 1.4Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 35.9 18.7 6.9 .. .. .. .. 41.0 18.4 5.7 .. ..Lebanon .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 57.1 .. .. .. .. ..Libya .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Malaysia 6.7 2.6 2.7 1.5 1.4 2.6 3.3 .. 4.2 4.6 1.9 0.7 2.2 4.8Maldives 23.8 3.6 3.0 -1.1 0.6 .. 5.3 .. 6.6 4.0 -4.7 2.1 .. 7.2Mali .. 0.6 -1.2 -0.7 5.2 .. 5.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Mauritania .. 6.6 4.1 3.3 4.7 .. 5.7 .. .. 3.6 3.9 .. .. ..Morocco 9.4 6.9 0.7 1.9 0.6 7.0 3.2 .. 8.0 -0.9 1.5 -1.0 6.7 2.8Mozambique .. 47.0 2.9 12.7 9.1 .. 26.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Niger 10.3 -0.8 -2.3 2.9 4.0 0.7 6.3 .. 0.6 -5.3 3.1 0.3 -1.5 7.3Oman .. .. 0.4 -1.1 -1.1 .. -0.3 .. -0.4 -0.2 -1.3 -0.8 .. 0.2Pakistan 11.9 9.1 4.1 4.4 3.1 6.3 8.8 .. 8.6 3.9 3.2 1.8 .. 9.1Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 6.8 3.0 2.2 1.7 1.4 3.0 2.7 .. 1.5 -0.1 .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 3.8 2.1 -1.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.8 0.6 .. 1.7 -2.5 -0.9 0.5 -0.2 0.4Senegal 8.7 0.3 0.8 0.7 3.1 6.2 5.1 .. 0.5 0.3 -1.1 4.9 5.3 5.6Sierra-Leone 12.9 110.9 34.1 -0.8 2.1 72.4 23.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan 25.4 65.2 16.0 .. .. 37.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Suriname 14.1 21.7 98.9 .. .. 13.7 .. .. 29.9 126.0 54.5 33.3 16.1 76.5Syria 19.3 19.4 -1.9 -0.5 0.4 23.2 5.2 .. 19.0 -4.3 -1.9 3.3 25.0 3.9Tajikistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Togo 12.3 1.0 -0.1 1.9 3.9 2.5 8.0 .. 1.9 .. .. .. 1.1 ..Tunisia .. 6.5 2.7 2.9 1.9 .. 3.9 .. 6.9 2.3 4.5 1.7 8.3 4.1Turkey 110.2 60.3 64.9 54.9 54.4 44.9 78.3 .. 64.3 48.6 49.8 50.3 18.3 28.6Turkmenistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda .. 33.1 6.4 2.8 2.0 102.5 7.6 .. .. 6.9 1.0 -3.4 .. 7.9U.A.E .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Yemen Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . ..

IDB MCs -6.6 13.5 6.6 -0.6 11.5 14.9 15.1 .. -16.3 6.3 5.0 4.3 5.6 16.7

Memo:

OIC Countries -5.8 13.6 6.6 -0.1 11.3 15.3 15.4 .. -17.6 6.2 5.2 6.0 7.1 16.8LDMCs .. 2.8 3.6 -2.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Developing C 5.7 19.6 3.8 4.3 .. 17.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..High Income C. 13.5 4.1 1.6 1.9 .. 5.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..World -1.2 11.1 4.8 -0.9 .. 11.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Growth(%)

Growth(%)

Table 2.10: Inflation (CPI)

42

Part II; MACRO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS

Annual Percentage Change (% Growth Rate (%)

Country 1980 1985 1990 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1980-90 1991-2001

Afghanistan 2.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. 0.4 -0.5 9.8 30.8 25.0 2.5 -1.2 2.8 -0.4 28.7Algeria 25.9 5.0 30.3 28.6 6.5 -4.2 10.4 24.0 2.8 8.3 15.2Azerbaijan .. .. .. 545.7 9.2 -1.0 2.2 12.5 2.7 .. ..Bahrain .. -1.8 4.8 1.1 0.9 -7.1 3.0 14.3 -0.4 -0.6 1.1Bangladesh 13.4 11.1 4.9 7.3 3.1 5.3 4.7 1.9 1.6 9.5 3.9Benin 10.2 -4.9 1.6 15.4 5.4 4.6 1.9 3.2 3.1 1.7 8.3Brunei 86.1 -2.5 8.4 7.3 0.7 -0.2 .. .. .. -5.4 ..Burkina Faso 8.7 4.7 1.4 7.1 0.5 8.4 -0.9 3.2 4.8 3.3 5.0Cameroon 14.2 11.2 1.6 17.0 2.7 1.1 1.1 1.1 3.0 5.6 4.9Chad 8.7 -5.1 8.0 8.8 2.8 5.8 -4.5 3.4 7.9 1.4 7.2Comoros .. 7.1 7.3 8.3 0.7 1.6 5.9 7.2 9.0 7.0 3.7Cote d'Ivoire 24.1 0.3 -4.5 9.6 4.2 5.2 0.9 -0.2 2.1 2.8 8.7Djibouti .. .. 4.0 4.5 2.4 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.5 .. 3.3Egypt 18.0 9.0 18.4 11.4 6.2 3.4 2.2 6.7 3.8 13.7 7.1Gabon 36.8 -1.3 15.4 -0.6 2.0 -15.7 4.8 28.5 -11.7 1.8 6.1Gambia -0.2 39.4 12.0 4.0 3.8 1.1 4.3 3.7 7.2 17.9 3.8Guinea .. .. 23.9 4.5 1.8 2.4 4.4 8.9 5.1 .. 4.0Guinea-Bissau 11.5 32.3 30.2 44.7 34.1 7.6 5.7 3.3 -5.1 57.4 25.4Indonesia 31.0 4.5 7.7 9.7 12.6 75.3 14.2 11.1 12.6 8.6 17.0Iran 23.4 4.7 18.6 35.4 13.4 16.4 23.8 32.2 8.8 14.4 25.2Iraq 46.5 21.3 45.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. 10.3 ..Jordan 1.1 -1.4 11.4 2.0 1.1 5.6 -0.9 -0.1 0.3 4.3 2.6Kazakhstan .. .. .. 160.9 16.1 5.7 13.3 17.4 11.6 .. 138.5Kuwait 42.6 4.9 .. 2.4 -3.8 -18.1 17.9 19.1 -7.5 .. ..Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 7.9 42.0 19.3 9.1 37.6 27.2 7.4 .. 76.5Lebanon .. .. 15.5 10.6 7.7 4.6 0.2 -0.4 0.0 .. 11.1Libya 33.3 17.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Malaysia 6.9 -1.5 3.8 3.6 3.5 8.5 0.0 5.1 -2.6 1.7 3.7Maldives .. .. .. .. 0.0 8.0 -2.0 0.5 -0.5 .. ..Mali 16.3 16.2 4.9 18.4 1.0 4.1 -1.8 0.4 9.2 4.5 7.0Mauritania 6.5 10.2 2.6 4.4 5.4 9.4 2.1 10.7 5.4 8.4 6.0Morocco 15.2 8.4 5.5 8.0 2.0 0.4 0.5 1.6 2.5 7.1 2.4Mozambique .. 33.1 34.1 52.0 9.5 4.6 3.0 11.7 11.3 38.3 27.1Niger 20.8 -5.9 -1.6 5.4 3.1 3.0 2.0 4.5 4.0 1.9 6.2Oman 51.1 -0.5 16.6 3.7 -2.4 -13.4 11.8 20.0 .. -3.6 ..Pakistan 9.1 4.5 6.5 13.8 13.4 7.5 5.9 2.7 5.7 6.7 9.3Palestine .. .. .. 15.9 11.9 8.6 3.0 6.8 6.7 .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 25.0 -6.9 16.1 5.9 2.5 -13.0 11.3 11.7 -2.4 -4.9 3.9Senegal 11.5 9.3 1.2 5.0 2.3 1.3 1.5 0.7 2.9 6.5 4.3Sierra-Leone -6.0 68.9 70.6 31.0 16.7 27.1 25.0 6.2 6.1 60.3 24.5Somalia 100.9 29.6 215.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. 49.7 ..Sudan 22.0 46.2 71.0 66.6 52.5 29.1 6.0 4.8 4.8 38.4 54.3Suriname 9.6 2.0 13.7 298.4 14.5 28.2 84.1 65.4 36.2 7.2 84.2Syria 17.5 4.1 19.3 6.7 6.0 -1.5 5.7 8.8 6.0 15.3 7.3Tajikistan .. .. 6.2 346.0 101.5 54.1 26.5 24.0 26.2 .. 184.8Togo 10.5 3.4 3.0 11.1 11.9 -2.4 2.3 1.3 3.4 4.8 6.8Tunisia 12.8 3.6 4.5 5.2 4.0 3.2 3.8 2.4 2.8 7.4 4.1Turkey 88.1 53.1 58.2 87.2 81.5 75.7 55.6 49.9 57.2 45.3 74.6Turkmenistan .. .. 6.3 705.7 61.6 17.7 5.0 13.3 12.3 .. 289.1Uganda .. 120.3 44.4 9.4 3.4 7.2 0.6 5.9 7.4 .. 8.9U.A.E 9.1 4.5 5.8 5.4 0.8 0.0 .. .. .. 0.8 ..Yemen Republic .. .. .. 50.7 11.8 -10.1 31.9 22.2 2.3 .. 20.9

IDB MCs 2.6 -12.0 -3.3 30.5 10.9 6.9 12.9 10.2 7.8 3.0 21.2

Memo:

OIC Countries 3.3 -11.1 -1.7 33.9 11.3 7.1 13.5 11.0 8.3 1.1 23.1LDMCs .. 5.0 13.6 26.5 9.8 10.5 17.2 9.1 -5.3 -- --Developing C 27.2 9.0 22.8 69.8 74.5 73.3 54.2 49.4 -95.8 -- --High Income C. 14.0 6.9 7.0 3.9 2.1 2.2 1.3 1.8 .. -- --World 16.9 7.4 13.1 50.5 64.6 66.6 51.6 47.6 .. -- --

Table 2.11: GDP Implicit Deflator

43


PPP Real Official conversion effective

exchange rate factor/ exchange Deposit Lending RealClassification Structure Name of local currency official rate

local currency units to $ exchange rate 1995=100 (%) (%) (%)(period aver.)

Country 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 1990 2001 2001 2001 2001

Afghanistan IF M Afghani 3,000.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania IF U Lek 143.5 0.4 .. 2.0 50.7 7.7 19.7 16.4Algeria MF U Dinar 77.2 0.3 110.5 4.3 22.5 6.3 9.5 6.5Azerbaijan MF U manat 4,656.6 0.2 .. .. 1,061.4 8.5 19.7 16.5Bahrain Dinar 0.4 0.8 111.5 0.3 0.3 2.7 10.8 11.3Bangladesh P U Taka 55.8 0.2 .. 9.6 11.8 8.5 15.8 14.0Benin EA/FF U CFA franc BCEAO 733.0 0.4 .. 158.9 275.3 .. .. ..Brunei Dollar 1.8 .. .. 1.5 .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso EA/FF U CFA franc BCEAO 733.0 0.2 .. 116.4 140.6 .. .. ..Cameroon EA/FF U CFA franc BEAC 733.0 0.3 98.7 194.5 247.2 5.0 20.7 17.2Chad EA/FF U CFA franc BEAC 733.0 0.2 .. 93.5 138.8 5.0 20.7 11.8Comoros Franc 549.8 0.2 .. 88.6 113.4 .. .. ..Cote d'Ivoire EA/FF U CFA franc BCEAO 733.0 0.4 99.9 168.5 312.4 .. .. ..Djibouti Franc 177.7 0.4 .. .. 67.0 2.8 11.5 8.7Egypt P U Pound 4.0 0.4 .. 0.8 1.6 9.5 13.3 9.1Gabon EA/FF U CFA franc BEAC 733.0 0.6 91.0 348.0 420.6 5.0 20.7 36.7Gambia IF U Dalasi 15.7 0.1 83.5 1.5 2.2 12.5 24.0 15.7Guinea MF U Franc 1,950.6 0.2 .. 223.8 392.4 .. .. ..Guinea-Bissau EA/FF U CFA franc BCEAO 733.0 0.2 .. 10.1 123.0 .. .. ..Indonesia MF U Rupiah 10,260.8 0.2 .. 643.3 2,423.7 15.5 18.5 5.3Iran MF D Rial 1,753.6 1.0 181.1 182.7 1,714.0 .. .. ..Iraq MF U Dinar 0.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan P U Dinar 0.7 0.5 .. 0.3 0.3 5.8 10.9 10.6Kazakhstan MF U Tenge 146.7 0.2 .. 0.0 33.9 .. .. ..Kuwait P U Dinar 0.3 0.9 .. .. 0.3 4.5 7.9 16.7Kyrgyz Rep. MF U Som 48.4 0.1 .. 0.0 5.4 12.5 37.3 27.9Lebanon P U Pound 1,507.5 0.9 .. 305.4 1,377.8 10.9 17.2 17.1Libya P U Dinar 0.6 .. .. .. .. 3.0 .. ..Malaysia P U Ringgit 3.8 0.4 91.4 1.5 1.6 3.4 6.7 9.5Maldives Rufiyaa 12.2 .. .. 2.5 .. .. .. ..Mali EA/FF U CFA franc BCEAO 733.0 0.3 .. 140.7 214.6 .. .. ..Mauritania MF U Ouguiya 255.6 0.2 .. 30.6 47.2 .. .. ..Morocco P U Dirham 11.3 0.3 103.7 3.2 3.7 5.0 .. 10.5Mozambique IF U Metical 20,703.6 0.2 .. 274.3 3,622.5 15.0 22.7 10.3Niger EA/FF U CFA franc BCEAO 733.0 0.2 .. 104.0 144.3 .. .. ..Oman P U Rial 0.4 .. .. 0.3 .. 4.5 9.2 ..Pakistan MF U Rupee 61.9 0.2 87.2 5.8 12.8 .. .. ..Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar Riyal 3.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia P U Riyal 3.7 0.7 111.8 2.3 2.4 .. .. ..Senegal EA/FF U CFA franc BCEAO 733.0 0.3 .. 185.8 230.7 .. .. ..Sierra-Leone IF D Leone 1,986.2 0.3 116.2 29.8 615.1 7.7 24.3 17.2Somalia IF D Shilling .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan MF U Dinar 258.7 0.2 .. 0.6 52.0 .. .. ..Suriname Guilder 2,178.5 .. .. 3.1 .. 11.9 25.8 -7.7Syria P M Pound 11.2 1.6 .. 10.2 18.0 4.0 9.0 2.9Tajikistan IF U Ruble 2.4 0.1 .. 0.0 0.3 21.1 5.2 -16.6Togo EA/FF U CFA franc BCEAO 733.0 0.2 102.1 80.2 119.8 .. .. ..Tunisia MF U Dinar 1.4 0.3 97.3 0.4 0.5 .. .. ..Turkey IF U Lira 1,225,590.0 0.4 .. 1,638.1 464,782.0 .. .. ..Turkmenistan P D Manat 5,200.0 0.3 .. 0.0 1,321.7 .. .. ..Uganda IF U Shilling 1,755.7 0.2 81.7 97.1 295.0 8.5 22.7 14.2U.A.E. P U Dirham 3.7 .. .. 2.9 .. .. .. ..Yemen Rep. IF U Rial 168.7 0.6 .. 20.3 109.4 13.0 17.5 14.9

a . Exchange rate classifications: independent floating (IF), managed floating (MF), pegged (P), and specially pegged to French franc (FF). Exchange rate structures include dual exchange rates (D), multiple exchange rates (M), and Unitary (

Exchange Rate

arrangements a

to international $

Purchasing power parity conversion factor Interest rate

local currency units

Table 2.12: Prices and Exchange Rates

44


Narrow Money (M1) Broad Money (M2)

(%) Annual (%) AnnualAverage Average

Country 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001 1991-2001 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001 1991-2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. .. 23.0 20.4 15.3 22.4 .. .. 22.3 12.0 19.9 ..Algeria 16.9 8.2 8.9 17.3 .. 14.6 17.4 11.4 13.7 13.2 .. ..Azerbaijan .. .. 17.5 12.9 7.6 184.2 .. .. 20.1 73.4 -10.8 ..Bahrain 3.3 22.2 16.6 4.6 23.8 6.0 26.7 -11.6 4.1 10.2 9.2 9.0Bangladesh 9.9 9.6 12.8 18.4 10.7 12.7 20.9 10.4 15.5 19.3 14.7 13.5Benin 32.4 23.9 46.9 35.0 10.0 15.3 48.9 28.6 34.8 26.0 12.2 14.5Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 19.9 -1.7 -1.9 5.3 -3.0 9.5 15.1 -0.5 2.6 6.2 1.6 9.3Cameroon 13.3 -7.5 10.8 17.4 12.8 6.7 21.4 -1.7 13.3 19.1 15.1 5.0Chad -16.1 -0.2 -3.1 17.7 21.8 9.0 -15.3 -2.4 -2.6 18.5 22.0 9.3Comoros .. 6.0 16.4 21.0 62.5 8.7 .. 3.9 18.5 14.5 46.7 7.6Cote d'Ivoire 1.1 3.0 -1.7 -3.7 14.8 10.0 2.8 -2.6 -1.7 -1.9 12.0 8.1Djibouti .. 8.6 3.5 -7.8 2.6 0.7 .. 3.6 -3.8 1.1 7.5 -0.2Egypt 11.6 16.6 0.8 5.3 7.9 9.0 51.4 28.7 5.7 11.6 13.2 12.4Gabon 10.5 5.7 -5.1 19.3 3.7 7.1 24.6 3.3 -3.0 18.3 7.5 7.3Gambia 6.1 13.8 14.3 37.4 .. 14.0 10.4 8.4 12.1 34.8 .. ..Guinea .. .. .. .. 12.0 10.8 .. .. .. .. 12.9 ..Guinea-Bissau .. 729.2 22.4 63.7 7.8 46.3 .. 574.6 21.5 60.8 7.3 38.3Indonesia 48.3 15.9 31.2 36.9 8.8 20.5 47.8 44.6 12.5 15.9 12.8 23.8Iran 33.7 18.1 21.5 24.7 23.0 26.4 26.3 18.0 21.5 22.4 27.6 26.5Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 24.7 9.4 9.5 14.2 3.8 4.4 27.8 8.3 15.5 7.6 8.1 7.0Kazakhstan .. .. 73.4 14.7 12.0 99.0 .. .. 84.4 45.0 38.8 ..Kuwait 7.7 .. 19.9 7.0 11.8 3.5 26.3 .. 1.6 6.3 12.8 ..Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 31.0 9.6 20.7 14.7 .. .. 33.7 11.7 11.3 ..Lebanon 14.7 56.7 10.2 5.7 -1.0 18.2 31.8 55.1 11.7 9.8 7.5 29.4Libya 29.0 26.4 4.7 4.5 1.2 4.9 26.6 19.0 7.4 3.1 4.3 5.5Malaysia 15.0 15.6 29.2 6.7 4.0 13.5 26.2 10.6 16.9 9.9 2.5 15.3Maldives 51.2 18.9 14.5 11.1 -5.9 17.1 58.0 18.7 3.6 4.1 9.0 18.4Mali 4.8 -10.8 -0.6 9.4 29.6 13.7 4.5 -4.9 1.0 12.2 19.6 12.8Mauritania 11.7 3.5 6.3 22.7 14.8 4.6 12.5 11.5 2.1 16.1 17.3 4.9Morocco 8.4 17.1 11.6 7.9 15.3 8.9 10.8 21.5 10.2 8.4 14.1 10.3Mozambique .. 35.8 24.6 22.3 17.6 30.9 .. 37.2 31.8 38.4 28.2 39.9Niger 12.8 -11.7 15.4 11.8 35.3 3.9 20.8 -4.1 15.4 12.4 31.4 1.2Oman 25.7 13.1 1.1 7.5 27.7 5.8 32.0 10.0 6.4 6.0 9.2 7.7Pakistan 17.3 17.3 8.6 10.1 10.1 13.2 15.7 11.6 4.3 12.1 11.7 15.8Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar -8.7 19.2 -0.9 6.5 17.3 2.4 17.0 -4.6 11.4 10.7 0.0 7.1Saudi Arabia 7.8 11.6 11.7 5.7 8.4 5.7 17.4 4.6 6.8 4.5 5.1 5.3Senegal 13.8 -11.5 10.8 5.5 14.9 10.1 10.3 -4.8 13.1 10.7 13.6 9.5Sierra-Leone 19.6 64.3 49.4 4.4 35.4 28.4 21.6 74.0 37.8 12.1 33.7 30.1Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan 31.2 46.4 27.8 42.2 15.7 53.9 29.4 48.8 23.5 36.9 24.7 59.4Suriname 7.6 4.0 51.5 104.3 38.3 72.6 7.8 4.3 37.9 80.5 28.3 67.0Syria 35.6 24.9 11.1 17.7 .. 12.1 34.4 26.1 13.4 19.0 .. ..Tajikistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Togo 5.1 19.2 9.9 22.2 -8.7 11.4 9.1 9.5 8.4 15.2 -2.6 5.0Tunisia 21.0 6.1 16.0 9.9 .. 9.1 18.5 7.6 18.9 14.1 9.9 10.3Turkey 66.1 58.4 77.0 53.5 51.9 70.7 74.4 53.2 98.3 40.0 90.1 91.6Turkmenistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda 31.7 .. 12.6 16.8 12.8 23.2 34.8 .. 13.6 18.1 9.2 ..United Arab Emirates 17.3 -2.7 8.9 12.6 15.8 12.7 29.1 -8.2 11.5 15.3 23.2 9.6Yemen Republic .. .. 15.2 19.3 14.3 16.3 .. .. 13.8 25.3 20.9 21.6

Table 2.13: Money Supply

45


Domestic credit Liquid Quasi-liquid Ratio of bank Interest rate Spread over

provided by liabilities liabilities liquid reserves to spread* LIBOR**

banking sector bank assets

% of GDP % of GDP % of GDP % % %1990 2001 1990 2001 1990 2001 1990 2001 1990 2001 1990 2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. 46.5 .. 66.7 .. 42.4 .. 11.6 .. 11.9 .. 15.9Algeria 74.5 39.0 73.5 58.6 24.8 29.3 1.3 10.6 .. 3.3 .. 5.7Azerbaijan .. 5.3 .. 12.9 .. 6.6 .. 10.4 .. 11.2 .. 15.9Bahrain -1.0 51.9 58.5 79.0 42.3 60.5 12.5 5.9 1.0 8.1 0.2 7.0Bangladesh 23.9 38.7 23.4 37.2 16.8 27.7 12.8 10.3 4.0 7.3 7.7 12.1Benin 22.4 4.6 26.7 31.0 5.9 7.9 29.3 19.5 9.0 .. 7.7 ..Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 13.7 15.3 21.3 21.6 7.5 7.2 12.7 8.8 9.0 .. 7.7 ..Cameroon 31.2 16.4 22.6 18.3 10.1 7.1 3.4 20.8 11.0 15.7 10.2 16.9Chad 11.5 12.5 14.6 12.7 0.6 0.8 3.3 12.4 11.0 15.7 10.2 16.9Comoros 19.6 12.2 21.8 25.4 6.6 6.5 16.3 61.2 .. .. .. ..Cote d'Ivoire 44.5 21.9 28.8 24.1 10.9 6.8 2.1 5.8 9.0 .. 7.7 ..Djibouti 46.4 30.9 79.3 55.3 42.4 27.3 1.2 1.6 .. 8.7 2.2 7.7Egypt 106.8 103.6 87.9 88.8 60.7 70.2 17.1 18.8 7.0 3.8 10.7 9.5Gabon 20.0 20.8 17.8 17.8 6.6 7.4 2.0 9.6 11.0 15.7 10.2 16.9Gambia 3.4 25.0 20.7 38.7 8.8 20.3 8.8 12.7 15.2 11.5 18.2 20.2Guinea .. 9.0 0.8 11.8 0.8 2.2 6.2 25.7 0.2 .. 12.9 ..Guinea-Bissau 77.5 13.6 68.9 48.2 4.4 0.5 10.8 32.9 13.1 .. 37.4 ..Indonesia 45.5 60.6 40.4 56.7 29.1 44.9 4.2 6.7 3.3 3.1 12.5 14.8Iran 70.8 47.4 57.6 44.8 31.1 25.9 66.0 34.1 .. .. .. ..Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 117.9 89.7 131.2 116.6 77.8 83.1 20.5 24.0 2.2 5.1 2.0 7.1Kazakhstan .. 11.4 .. 16.9 .. 8.7 .. 6.1 .. .. .. ..Kuwait .. 102.1 .. 91.6 .. 75.2 .. 1.0 .. 3.4 .. 4.1Kyrgyz Republic .. 9.7 .. 11.1 .. 3.6 .. 7.1 .. 24.8 .. 33.6Lebanon 132.6 201.9 193.7 210.1 170.9 200.7 3.9 18.3 23.1 6.3 31.6 13.4Libya 104.1 .. 68.1 .. 13.7 .. 26.4 24.3 1.5 4.0 -1.3 3.2Malaysia 75.7 155.3 64.4 134.2 43.0 109.2 5.9 10.6 1.3 3.3 -1.1 2.9Maldives 33.1 43.2 26.2 46.5 11.0 23.4 38.4 67.1 .. .. .. ..Mali 13.7 17.1 20.5 25.3 5.5 5.7 50.8 11.5 9.0 .. 7.7 ..Mauritania 54.7 0.5 28.5 15.0 7.0 4.2 6.1 3.9 5.0 .. 1.7 ..Morocco 60.1 85.9 61.0 86.4 18.4 21.8 11.3 8.5 0.5 8.2 0.7 9.5Mozambique 15.6 13.1 26.5 30.7 5.2 17.3 61.5 13.7 .. 7.7 .. 19.0Niger 16.2 8.0 19.8 9.5 8.3 2.3 42.9 13.1 9.0 .. 7.7 ..Oman 16.6 .. 28.9 .. 19.3 .. 6.9 3.5 1.4 4.7 1.4 5.5Pakistan 50.9 45.5 39.8 49.5 10.0 21.2 8.9 12.4 .. .. .. ..Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 33.3 .. 50.8 .. 35.6 .. 3.2 3.1 3.5 .. 1.2 ..Saudi Arabia 58.7 66.9 47.9 47.4 21.9 21.7 5.6 4.5 .. .. .. ..Senegal 33.8 24.7 22.9 26.5 9.7 10.7 14.1 10.0 9.0 .. 7.7 ..Sierra-Leone 36.3 52.1 18.1 19.5 3.6 6.8 64.1 9.4 12.0 16.6 44.2 20.5Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan 20.4 9.6 20.1 13.3 2.9 5.0 79.5 27.5 .. .. .. ..Suriname 138.3 16.3 122.2 34.8 49.3 10.9 78.8 19.1 .. 13.9 .. 22.0Syria 56.6 28.5 54.1 71.3 9.8 28.3 46.0 6.2 5.0 5.0 0.7 5.2

Table 2.14: Financial depth and Efficiency

46

PART III

EXTERNAL SECTOR ECONOMIC INDICATORS

49

3. EXTERNAL SECTOR ECONOMIC INDICATORS

3.1 Balance of Payments and International Reserves

The IDB member countries as a group experienced a current account surplus of US$53 billion in 1980 compared to US$38 billion recorded in 2001. Despite the decline in current account surplus, the IDB member countries recorded a current account deficit of US$10 billion in 1990. Out of the 38 countries with data in 2001, 26 countries had current account deficits while 12 countries had current account surpluses. The net income of the IDB member countries as a group which recorded a negative of US$667 million in 1980 widened to a negative $28.4 billion in 2001. The net current transfer, on the other hand, steadily increased from US$1.6 billion in 1980 to US$4 billion in 2001. Total international reserves of the IDB member countries reached US$218 billion in 2001 compared to US$105 billion recorded in 1980. The reserves decreased to US$79 billion in 1990, before edging up to US$158 billion in 1997, and further up to US$171 billion in 1998 and US$189.5 billion in 1999. Nineteen countries had more than US$1 billion each in reserves in 2001, with individual country reserves ranging from US$13 million (Gabon) to US$30.8 billion (Malaysia). The average reserves in months of imports continued to show a downward trend, from 6.9 months in 1980 to 6.5 months in 2001. Of the 40 IDB member countries with data in 2000, 16 countries had reserves that could cover beyond 4 months of imports. Gross international reserves in months of imports for individual countries ranged from 0.1 month (Gabon) to 16.0 months (Algeria). 3.2 External Trade

Merchandise exports and imports of IDB member countries varied markedly in the last two decades (1980-90 and 1991-2001). Exports, in general, surpassed imports in monetary terms on a year-on-year comparison, making the IDB member countries a group of net exporters. Exports nearly doubled from US$300 billion in 1980 to US$488 billion in 2001. And the average annual negative growth rate of 3.7 per cent recorded over 1980-90 rebounded to a spectacularly positive growth rate of 7 per cent in 1991-2001. Imports also more than doubled to US$396 billion in 2001 from US$167 billion in 1980. During the past two decades, the average annual growth rate of imports remained positive at 0.7 per cent in 1980-90 and increased to 4.8 per cent in 1991-2001. The terms of trade has consistently inched down from 131.7 in 1980 to 98.8 in 2000, while 21 countries have recorded an improvement in the terms of trade over the previous year's. Intra-IDB member countries trade, which is a good proxy for measuring the extent of cooperation and integration, showed an upward trend over the period 1999-2001. Intra-IDB exports increased to US$42.5 billion in 1999 and up to US$53.9 billion in 2001, whilst intra-IDB imports also increased to US$57.6 billion in 2001 from US$43 billion in 1999. The shares of intra-IDB exports and intra-IDB imports of IDB member countries as a group in their respective total exports and imports hovered around 10 per cent and 13 per cent respectively since 1997. In terms of direction of trade, IDB member countries as a group exported an average of 54 per cent of their total merchandise exports to industrial countries during 1999-2001, with 36 per cent to non-oil developing countries, and about 5 per cent to oil-exporting countries. In contrast, during 1999-2001, an average of 55 percent of imports of IDB member countries as

50

a group was from industrial countries, and 35 per cent of imports were from non-oil developing countries, while 9 per cent of imports were from the oil-exporting countries. Clearly, over the period 1999-2001, IDB member countries recorded trade deficits with industrial countries, but surpluses with non-oil developing countries. 3.3 External Debt

Based on the measure of degree of indebtedness used by the World Bank, 18 IDB member countries were classified as severely indebted in 2001, 14 countries moderately indebted, and 8 countries classified as less indebted. All the 18 severely indebted IDB member countries are qualified for the heavily indebted program of the IMF/World Bank. Total external debt of IDB member countries as a group increased in monetary terms from US$ 378 billion in 1990 to US$ 571 billion in 2001. Individual country debts ranged from US$0.2 billion (Comoros and Maldives) to US$136 billion (Indonesia) in 2001. Similarly the debt-to-GNI (gross national income) ratio rose sharply from 51 per cent in 1990 to 61 per cent in 2001. On the other hand, the debt-to-exports ratio decreased from 150 per cent in 1990 to 128 per cent in 2001. The debt-service-to-GNI ratio increased marginally from 6.2 per cent in 1990 to 7.4 per cent in 2001. Conversely, the debt-service-to-exports ratio declined from 23 per cent in 1990 to 17 per cent in 2001. However, at the country level, the debt-service-to-export ratios ranged from 2.2 per cent (Albania) to 102 per cent (for Sierra-Leone) in 2001. 3.4 Financial Flows

Net resource flows to IDB member countries increased from $25 billion in 2000 to US$27 billion in 2001. Nearly fifty percent of the capital flows in 2001 went to seven IDB member countries: Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Pakistan, and Turkey). The total financing flows from IDB Group to its member countries amounted to US$30.4 billions since inception up to the end of 1423H. The composition of these flows is as follows: Trade financing operations accounted for 63 per cent, ordinary financing operations accounted for 35 per cent (mainly through loans, leasing, and installment sale), while waqf fund operations accounted for the remaining 2 per cent. The share of concessional flows (official development assistance and official aid) in total resource flows to IDB member countries declined drastically from an average of 87 per cent in 1990 to 59 percent and 61 per cent in 2000 and 2001 respectively. In particular, in 2001, 4 countries received above US$1 billion concessional flows namely Bangladesh (US$ 1.0 billion), Egypt (US$1.3 billion), Indonesia (US$1.5 billion) and Pakistan (US$ 1.9 billion). The share of foreign direct investment accounted for 19 per cent of the total resource flows to IDB member countries in 1990 as compared to 44 per cent in 2001. In 2001, four countries were main beneficiaries of FDI namely Algeria (US$ 1.2 billion), Kazakhstan (US$2.8 billion), Morocco (US$ 2.7 billion), and Turkey (US$ 3.3 billion).

Part III: EXTERNAL SECTOR ECONOMIC INDICATORS

Merchandise Exports (f.o.b) Growth Rate

(US $ millions)

Country 1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2000 2001 1980-1990 1991-2001

Afghanistan 670 567 235 166 110 133 92 -10.5 -4.5Albania .. .. 224 202 264 262 302 .. 8.4Algeria 13,871 12,841 12,930 10,240 12,601 22,020 20,479 -4.4 5.9Azerbaijan _ _ _ 637 929 1,745 2,674 .. ..Bahrain 3,594 2,897 3,761 4,113 4,140 5,704 5,545 -3.4 4.1Bangladesh 759 999 1,671 3,173 3,922 4,691 4,958 7.8 10.7Benin 63 150 122 420 422 392 407 10.0 1.9Brunei 4,581 2,934 2,213 2,386 2,224 3,549 3,754 -9.3 3.0Burkina Faso 90 71 152 277 255 213 175 7.9 12.8Cameroon 1,384 722 2,002 1,651 1,601 1,823 1,996 1.4 1.1Chad 71 62 188 243 202 193 197 9.4 2.5Comoros 11 16 18 11 12 16 33 2.8 -4.2Cote d'Ivoire 3,135 2,969 3,072 3,806 4,662 3,888 4,033 1.7 5.9Djibouti 13 14 25 14 12 13 17 11.3 -1.0Egypt 3,046 3,714 2,585 3,450 3,559 4,689 4,128 -3.4 3.3Gabon 2,173 1,951 2,204 2,713 2,492 3,556 3,093 -3.9 3.5Gambia 31 43 31 16 16 35 25 0.0 -7.8Guinea 401 493 671 683 759 854 849 4.0 3.8Guinea-Bissau 11 12 19 44 51 62 66 4.2 14.5Indonesia 21,909 18,587 25,675 45,417 48,665 62,124 55,934 -0.9 6.6Iran 7,109 13,328 19,305 18,360 21,030 28,345 26,554 7.2 2.6Iraq 26,278 12,224 10,314 496 12,750 20,603 15,800 -4.0 56.0Jordan 574 789 1,064 1,769 1,832 1,898 2,293 6.2 6.5Kazakhstan _ _ _ 5,250 5,598 9,126 8,647 .. ..Kuwait 19,842 10,597 7,042 12,785 12,218 18,156 16,179 -7.7 17.6Kyrgyz Rep. _ _ _ 409 454 505 543 .. ..Lebanon 955 551 494 656 677 715 870 -5.6 4.9Libya 21,910 12,314 13,225 8,975 7,887 12,192 11,492 -7.3 0.5Malaysia 12,945 15,316 29,452 73,914 84,455 98,135 88,005 8.6 10.0Maldives 8 23 52 50 64 76 71 22.5 6.7Mali 205 124 359 442 571 545 740 6.0 8.7Mauritania 194 374 447 561 525 479 489 8.0 1.9Morocco 2,441 2,165 4,265 6,881 7,367 6,961 7,116 6.2 6.9Mozambique 281 77 126 168 263 364 688 -9.6 13.8Niger 566 259 283 288 287 283 291 -5.4 -0.2Oman 2,387 3,938 5,508 6,068 7,094 10,509 12,053 3.3 7.7Pakistan 2,631 2,753 5,615 8,029 8,491 9,028 9,660 8.1 3.5Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 5,680 3,542 3,293 3,481 7,061 10,082 9,996 -8.7 12.5Saudi Arabia 109,116 27,481 44,417 50,040 50,761 77,583 74,252 -13.4 4.2Senegal 477 562 762 993 1,027 920 1,001 3.5 4.1Sierra-Leone 224 130 138 42 6 13 26 -2.4 -26.4Somalia 141 91 150 145 91 93 101 -1.1 -1.8Sudan 543 374 374 556 780 1,807 2,139 -2.5 18.8Suriname 514 329 472 477 342 399 403 -0.4 1.0Syria 2,108 1,637 4,212 3,564 3,464 4,981 5,693 2.4 4.4Tajikistan _ _ _ 749 689 779 804 .. ..Togo 338 190 268 378 391 363 400 1.1 6.7Tunisia 2,231 1,738 3,527 5,475 5,872 5,850 6,606 3.5 5.7Turkey 2,910 7,958 12,959 21,637 26,588 26,572 27,762 14.0 8.1Turkmenistan _ _ _ 1,881 1,187 2,506 2,381 .. ..Uganda 345 387 152 461 519 461 457 -4.0 12.1U.A.E. 20,676 14,043 23,544 24,088 27,774 41,145 41,468 -0.8 5.4Yemen Rep 802 592 692 1,945 2,440 4,079 3,852 -3.2 21.8

IDB MCs 300,243 182,928 250,309 340,676 387,453 511,511 487,586 -3.7 7.1

Memo:

OIC Countries 326,578 195,632 264,162 356,294 404,759 536,249 511,356 -3.9 7.1LDMCs 14,636 12,342 16,461 21,905 25,485 33,698 35,246 .. 8.7Developing C 581,238 495,383 830,598 1,420,556 1,642,833 2,026,930 1,922,706 3.2 8.5High Income C. 330,098 256,618 464,617 825,639 871,706 1,068,121 982,317 3.2 6.9World 2,031,210 1,970,035 3,483,038 5,126,570 5,639,578 6,338,198 6,112,052 6.0 6.2

(%)

Table 3.1: Merchandise Exports (f.o.b)

51


Merchandise Imports (c.i.f) Growth Rate

(US $ millions)

Country 1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2000 2001 1980-1990 1991-2001

Afghanistan 841 1,194 936 388 487 636 719 -0.1 3.6Albania .. .. 423 714 1,140 1,091 1,275 .. 9.4Algeria 10,559 9,841 9,780 10,250 9,712 9,635 10,068 -2.7 1.9Azerbaijan _ _ _ 668 1,036 1,172 1,628 .. ..Bahrain 3,483 3,107 3,712 3,716 3,698 4,634 4,263 -2.3 0.3Bangladesh 2,599 2,542 3,618 6,502 7,694 8,360 8,397 3.6 10.1Benin 331 331 265 746 749 613 651 -4.9 6.4Brunei 572 606 1,001 2,078 1,328 1,421 1,346 3.8 -0.8Burkina Faso 359 332 536 455 579 550 656 4.3 3.5Cameroon 1,602 1,151 1,400 1,200 1,318 1,496 1,961 0.1 4.6Chad 74 166 286 365 316 323 617 12.6 7.9Comoros 29 37 52 63 70 63 77 5.7 1.2Cote d'Ivoire 2,991 1,749 2,098 2,931 3,252 2,535 2,472 -1.5 3.0Djibouti 213 201 215 275 302 301 306 -1.1 4.3Egypt 4,860 11,104 16,783 11,760 16,022 14,010 12,756 12.6 7.0Gabon 674 855 918 882 976 1,088 1,117 1.1 4.3Gambia 165 93 188 182 192 233 266 2.5 1.3Guinea 270 372 699 808 748 691 746 9.7 0.0Guinea-Bissau 55 60 86 133 69 62 61 5.2 -4.2Indonesia 10,834 10,259 21,837 40,630 24,004 33,515 36,969 2.6 1.7Iran 12,246 11,635 20,322 13,882 12,683 14,296 17,246 0.2 -5.5Iraq 7,477 10,556 6,526 2,350 8,130 11,153 11,000 -2.2 20.0Jordan 2,402 2,733 2,600 3,698 3,717 4,539 4,806 -1.9 4.7Kazakhstan _ _ _ 3,807 3,687 5,051 6,363 .. ..Kuwait 6,533 6,005 3,972 7,790 7,617 7,157 7,324 -4.1 2.7Kyrgyz Rep. _ _ _ 522 600 554 541 .. ..Lebanon 3,650 2,203 2,525 6,765 6,207 6,230 7,294 -5.5 6.0Libya 6,777 4,101 5,336 5,392 4,888 7,744 8,263 -4.4 3.3Malaysia 10,779 12,253 29,258 77,691 64,966 82,199 73,866 7.7 7.0Maldives 29 53 138 268 402 389 398 15.5 10.3Mali 439 300 619 772 820 592 657 4.3 0.9Mauritania 286 234 232 293 282 293 309 -1.8 -3.8Morocco 4,255 3,850 6,922 10,023 9,925 11,534 10,958 3.6 5.3Mozambique 800 424 878 704 1,139 1,158 1,151 0.1 2.3Niger 594 369 389 374 404 372 377 -3.5 -0.1Oman 1,732 3,153 2,681 4,248 4,674 5,040 5,641 0.7 4.9Pakistan 5,376 5,918 7,411 11,515 10,297 11,293 11,097 3.0 2.2Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 1,423 1,139 1,695 3,398 2,500 3,252 2,748 -1.4 5.8Saudi Arabia 30,171 23,622 24,069 28,091 28,011 30,238 31,223 -6.1 0.4Senegal 1,052 826 1,220 1,412 1,471 1,521 1,549 1.4 4.2Sierra-Leone 427 151 149 134 81 149 160 -8.7 -2.8Somalia 348 112 394 245 295 335 344 -9.2 4.8Sudan 1,576 771 619 1,219 1,688 1,376 1,652 -6.4 7.6Suriname 504 299 472 586 425 468 565 -3.0 -1.7Syria 4,124 3,967 2,400 4,709 3,832 4,299 4,940 -8.5 2.5Tajikistan .. .. .. 810 664 674 785 .. ..Togo 551 288 581 594 597 565 628 2.0 8.3Tunisia 3,526 2,757 5,513 7,903 8,474 8,567 9,549 2.7 5.2Turkey 7,910 11,343 22,302 35,709 40,692 53,499 42,492 9.3 9.1Turkmenistan .. .. .. 1,364 1,478 1,785 1,986 .. ..Uganda 293 327 288 1,056 1,342 1,516 1,594 4.5 18.7U.A.E. 8,746 6,549 11,199 20,984 33,231 38,139 39,665 0.7 10.2Yemen Rep 2,505 1,865 1,571 1,582 2,008 2,324 2,703 -5.0 0.3

IDB MCs 167,041 161,800 227,111 344,628 340,913 400,728 396,222 0.7 4.8

Memo:

OIC Countries 184,098 170,903 233,048 356,125 352,908 412,970 410,775 -0.1 4.8LDMCs 22,823 19,630 25,091 33,447 38,402 39,688 43,881 .. 5.9Developing C 490,599 472,782 814,087 1,507,651 1,590,532 1,892,317 1,835,647 4.3 7.2High Income C. 226,148 204,213 407,753 843,869 805,969 972,596 878,700 5.2 6.3World 2,071,416 2,032,577 3,603,533 5,199,077 5,783,447 6,510,806 6,298,652 6.1 6.2

(%)

Table 3.2: Merchandise Imports (c.i.f)

52


Terms of Trade

(1990=100) Country 1980 1985 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Afghanistan 113.9 142.3 100.5 99.4 100.0 102.4 105.4 100.8Albania .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Algeria 228.5 183.5 78.3 90.6 95.3 68.1 80.1 134.4Azerbaijan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bahrain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 124.3 138.1 124.4 123.7 125.8 126.4 121.9 110.5Benin 81.5 88.5 100.0 88.3 89.2 106.6 86.9 82.0Brunei 133.0 172.3 79.0 99.3 97.7 75.4 90.9 152.6Burkina Faso 55.0 71.2 109.9 102.4 101.8 105.0 94.8 84.0Cameroon 103.5 95.5 111.5 101.9 107.1 102.4 86.4 123.0Chad 100.9 109.8 85.9 85.9 85.8 74.8 71.3 68.6Comoros 129.2 109.5 59.8 54.1 47.7 55.5 73.9 76.1Cote d'Ivoire 140.9 175.7 122.4 114.4 114.0 114.1 115.9 117.9Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 212.8 188.0 115.8 110.2 106.8 97.4 96.0 99.2Gabon 194.2 146.7 79.6 94.2 93.7 65.7 66.6 63.8Gambia 181.6 85.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0Guinea .. .. 74.1 64.3 72.0 65.6 63.4 64.6Guinea-Bissau 85.5 168.6 69.9 69.6 69.7 62.5 62.9 63.1Indonesia 194.0 169.8 98.0 107.5 109.1 93.3 107.8 103.5Iran 244.0 135.9 59.0 79.4 82.0 64.8 86.0 132.7Iraq 144.6 154.5 75.7 78.3 77.1 52.6 76.1 122.8Jordan 93.9 93.3 118.2 114.6 114.3 108.7 108.1 101.9Kazakhstan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Kuwait 142.9 151.1 105.7 108.8 107.4 76.7 104.9 166.8Kyrgyz Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Lebanon 132.6 111.2 95.5 111.4 113.0 117.0 110.6 107.4Libya 169.0 161.2 69.0 87.3 86.6 60.1 85.2 137.8Malaysia 183.3 155.1 97.9 100.4 94.3 86.0 84.7 88.5Maldives .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Mali 86.6 90.2 82.2 82.7 79.8 83.0 69.6 72.5Mauritania 74.2 90.0 104.3 95.7 105.6 105.8 105.5 108.5Morocco 106.6 92.9 105.7 108.1 111.9 125.1 122.1 118.4Mozambique 137.7 124.3 86.9 67.2 65.8 66.7 65.2 79.0Niger 140.2 123.1 73.3 64.0 60.2 59.6 56.8 52.7Oman 106.0 122.1 59.8 78.2 80.5 53.3 79.4 126.8Pakistan 119.2 108.3 102.7 99.9 101.5 123.5 115.7 97.9Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 159.2 164.6 68.4 85.8 85.5 59.8 84.9 131.7Saudi Arabia 172.1 186.9 59.4 77.6 78.6 52.1 78.0 115.0Senegal 91.7 94.8 91.8 92.9 93.6 97.5 90.2 83.0Sierra-Leone 102.0 80.7 140.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 108.3 101.3Somalia 109.4 118.3 100.7 97.0 101.2 98.8 91.1 82.2Sudan 106.6 97.9 81.3 78.8 80.9 75.1 65.3 114.5Suriname 130.7 96.9 88.6 93.0 93.7 92.1 88.0 84.2Syria 168.2 137.9 76.3 76.0 70.1 68.3 96.0 129.5Tajikistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Togo 89.7 104.3 74.9 70.0 74.7 86.0 86.0 78.3Tunisia 117.6 111.5 96.7 99.5 96.2 95.4 96.4 96.5Turkey .. .. 95.8 97.4 101.6 101.1 100.0 91.2Turkmenistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda 384.0 217.1 134.8 108.1 103.1 105.4 111.5 95.9United Arab Emirates 205.8 171.0 57.5 72.9 74.2 56.1 82.7 122.3Yemen Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

IDB MCs 131.7 125.4 88.6 89.9 90.2 82.8 88.4 98.8

Memo:

OIC coutries 132.8 125.1 88.1 90.3 90.0 82.2 87.8 98.7

Table 3.3: Terms of Trade

53

Part III:EXTERNAL SECTOR ECONOMIC INDICATORS

Percentage of total export values

Country 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001

Afghanistan 27.0 .. .. 33.7 .. .. .. .. .. 0.7 .. .. 38.5 .. ..Albania .. .. 5.8 .. .. 5.5 .. .. 1.4 .. .. 2.9 .. .. 84.2Algeria 0.8 0.4 .. 0.0 0.0 .. 98.4 96.5 .. 0.5 0.4 .. 0.3 2.6 ..Azerbaijan .. .. 2.3 .. .. 0.8 .. .. 91.3 .. .. 0.6 .. .. 4.4Bahrain 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 93.9 78.9 66.8 2.8 11.1 19.7 2.8 9.3 12.9Bangladesh 12.5 14.3 .. 18.7 6.8 .. 0.0 1.3 .. 0.0 .. .. 67.6 77.5 ..Benin 61.8 .. 22.7 25.0 .. 70.9 4.2 .. 0.0 1.1 .. 0.1 3.4 .. 6.2Brunei 0.0 0.0 .. 0.0 0.0 .. 100.0 99.5 .. 0.0 0.0 .. 0.0 0.5 ..Burkina Faso 41.3 .. .. 47.7 .. .. 0.1 .. .. 0.1 .. .. 10.8 .. ..Cameroon 48.0 20.4 16.8 15.7 14.3 21.3 30.7 49.9 51.9 1.9 6.9 5.4 3.8 8.5 4.7Chad 4.3 .. .. 80.7 .. .. 0.0 .. .. 0.1 .. .. 14.6 .. ..Comoros 58.7 .. .. 0.5 .. .. 0.0 .. .. 14.6 .. .. 23.8 .. ..Cote d'Ivoire 64.2 .. .. 28.1 .. .. 2.3 .. .. 0.2 .. .. 4.7 .. ..Djibouti .. 39.1 .. .. 4.7 .. .. 0.0 .. .. 0.2 .. .. 7.8 ..Egypt 6.8 9.7 9.9 15.6 9.5 5.3 64.2 29.4 40.5 2.5 8.9 4.6 10.9 42.5 32.7Gabon .. .. .. .. .. .. 87.9 .. .. 12.1 .. .. .. .. ..Gambia 98.9 .. .. 0.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Guinea 4.1 .. 2.5 0.2 .. 0.2 .. .. 1.0 94.7 .. 68.0 0.7 .. 28.1Guinea-Bissau 84.9 .. .. 2.2 .. .. .. .. .. 0.3 .. .. 8.2 .. ..Indonesia 7.6 11.2 8.9 14.1 5.0 3.6 71.9 44.0 25.5 3.9 4.4 5.5 2.3 35.5 56.4Iran 0.8 .. 3.9 0.9 .. 0.5 93.2 .. 84.5 0.3 .. 1.1 4.8 .. 10.0Iraq 0.2 .. .. 0.1 .. .. 99.1 .. .. 0.2 .. .. 0.4 .. ..Jordan 25.0 10.6 14.9 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2 .. 0.0 40.5 38.2 18.9 33.8 50.7 66.0Kazakhstan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Kuwait 0.5 0.7 .. 0.1 0.1 .. 88.9 92.6 .. 0.2 0.2 .. 10.4 6.4 ..Kyrgyz Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Lebanon 27.7 .. 19.3 2.4 .. 6.1 0.4 .. 0.2 9.0 .. 5.6 58.4 .. 68.6Libya .. 0.4 .. .. 0.2 .. 100.0 94.4 .. .. 0.3 .. .. 4.7 ..Malaysia 15.0 11.7 6.1 31.0 13.8 2.1 24.7 18.3 9.7 10.2 2.1 1.0 18.8 53.8 80.1Maldives 84.0 .. 57.4 4.7 .. 0.0 0.7 .. .. 1.9 .. 0.2 8.7 .. 42.3Mali 30.1 36.1 .. 68.6 62.3 .. .. .. .. 0.1 0.0 .. 1.3 1.6 ..Mauritania 15.5 .. .. 0.7 .. .. 0.0 .. .. 83.3 .. .. 0.4 .. ..Morocco 28.5 26.1 .. 2.6 2.9 .. 4.8 3.6 .. 40.5 15.1 .. 23.5 52.3 ..Mozambique 67.7 .. 22.9 6.6 .. 4.2 2.3 .. 9.5 4.9 .. 54.9 18.2 .. 7.5Niger 11.4 .. 38.4 0.6 .. 0.5 1.1 .. 0.0 84.7 .. 56.5 2.0 .. 2.8Oman 0.8 1.5 6.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 96.2 91.9 80.5 0.0 1.0 0.8 2.9 5.2 12.1Pakistan 23.5 9.3 10.9 20.5 10.2 1.7 7.1 1.3 2.1 0.4 0.3 0.2 48.2 78.7 84.9Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar .. 0.0 0.0 .. 0.0 0.0 .. 84.1 92.4 .. 0.2 0.1 .. 15.7 7.4Saudi Arabia 0.1 0.7 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 99.2 91.7 90.0 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.6 7.1 9.1Senegal 43.0 53.2 46.3 3.1 2.7 2.3 18.8 12.3 17.8 20.0 9.3 4.5 15.1 22.5 28.8Sierra-Leone 24.4 .. .. 1.2 .. .. 0.0 .. .. 34.2 .. .. 39.9 .. ..Somalia 86.7 .. .. 7.7 .. .. 4.8 .. .. 0.0 .. .. 0.5 .. ..Sudan 46.9 .. .. 50.7 .. .. 1.0 .. .. 0.5 .. .. 0.8 .. ..Suriname 18.4 16.0 .. 1.3 0.0 .. 0.0 1.5 .. 77.8 8.2 .. 1.6 74.1 ..Syria 4.3 13.7 .. 9.1 4.5 .. 78.9 45.2 .. 1.2 1.0 .. 6.6 35.7 ..Tajikistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Togo 20.7 23.0 18.2 2.5 21.5 11.2 25.9 0.0 0.4 40.4 44.7 20.5 10.6 9.1 49.7Tunisia 7.2 11.0 .. 0.9 1.0 .. 52.5 17.3 .. 3.6 1.6 .. 35.7 69.1 ..Turkey 51.1 22.4 12.7 13.6 3.0 1.1 1.4 2.3 1.4 7.0 4.3 2.2 26.9 67.9 81.8Turkmenistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda 95.8 .. 68.7 2.3 .. 15.2 0.5 .. 5.7 0.5 .. 3.4 0.7 .. 6.9U.A.E. .. 8.1 .. .. 1.3 .. .. 5.1 .. .. 39.3 .. .. 46.1 ..Yemen Republic 45.0 .. .. 3.9 .. .. 0.1 .. .. 0.0 .. .. 47.0 .. ..

IDB MCs 5.0 7.6 6.2 4.3 3.8 1.8 85.0 51.6 41.7 2.4 6.7 2.6 5.0 30.6 47.3

Memo:

OIC Countries 4.8 7.6 6.2 3.9 3.8 1.8 85.9 51.6 41.7 2.3 6.7 2.6 4.6 30.6 47.3LDCs 34.9 .. .. 17.4 .. .. 3.5 .. .. 18.3 .. .. 25.2 .. ..Developing Countries .. 16.7 10.1 .. 4.5 2.3 .. 22.4 20.8 .. 5.8 4.3 .. 47.4 60.3High Income Countries 10.6 8.3 6.4 3.6 2.7 1.6 6.8 4.8 4.5 4.1 3.1 2.3 73.6 79.2 82.0World 12.5 9.7 7.1 4.4 3.0 1.7 10.9 7.7 7.4 4.8 3.6 2.7 65.9 73.9 78.0

ManufacturesFood Agricultural raw Fuel Ores and metals

Table 3.4: Structure of Merchandise Exports

54


Percentage of total import values

(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) Country 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001

Afghanistan 14.6 .. .. 3.1 .. .. 1.1 .. .. 0.5 .. .. 80.3 .. ..Albania .. .. 19.4 .. .. 0.9 .. .. 9.9 .. .. 1.7 .. .. 68.1Algeria 21.0 23.7 .. 3.2 4.7 .. 2.5 1.1 .. 1.7 2.0 .. 71.7 68.4 ..Azerbaijan .. .. 16.2 .. .. 1.4 .. .. 15.1 .. .. 1.7 .. .. 65.4Bahrain 6.4 8.5 11.8 0.4 0.5 0.9 63.0 49.2 37.2 1.4 1.1 2.4 28.6 38.5 47.7Bangladesh 23.6 19.0 .. 5.9 5.4 .. 9.5 16.5 .. 2.9 3.1 .. 57.9 55.9 ..Benin 26.3 .. 20.4 1.4 .. 5.1 8.3 .. 17.3 1.0 .. 1.1 62.0 .. 56.2Brunei 15.2 19.2 .. 0.2 0.4 .. 1.9 0.9 .. 1.7 1.3 .. 78.8 77.9 ..Burkina Faso 20.5 .. .. 1.6 .. .. 13.2 .. .. 1.1 .. .. 63.5 .. ..Cameroon 8.6 18.5 15.5 0.4 0.5 1.1 11.7 1.5 18.4 1.2 1.5 1.1 78.0 78.0 63.9Chad 23.0 .. .. 2.1 .. .. 1.6 .. .. 1.4 .. .. 71.6 .. ..Comoros 22.2 .. .. 0.7 .. .. 11.1 .. .. 0.2 .. .. 65.5 .. ..Cote d'Ivoire 13.1 .. .. 0.5 .. .. 16.2 .. .. 2.1 .. .. 67.8 .. ..Djibouti 42.7 29.9 .. 1.2 11.4 .. 8.0 7.0 .. 0.5 0.8 .. 47.0 47.7 ..Egypt 32.4 31.5 25.9 6.2 7.1 4.5 1.1 2.6 4.9 1.3 2.4 2.3 58.9 56.3 55.3Gabon 19.1 .. .. 0.5 .. .. 1.4 .. .. 1.0 .. .. 77.6 .. ..Gambia 25.9 .. .. 1.0 .. .. 8.7 .. .. 0.2 .. .. 61.4 .. ..Guinea 11.9 .. 23.5 0.6 .. 1.1 19.4 .. 18.6 4.5 .. 0.4 62.2 .. 56.0Guinea-Bissau 20.0 .. .. 0.2 .. .. 6.2 .. .. 2.4 .. .. 69.4 .. ..Indonesia 12.7 5.1 9.9 3.5 4.7 7.4 16.2 8.9 18.1 2.4 4.3 3.4 64.9 76.9 61.1Iran 20.9 .. 16.1 4.3 .. 2.3 0.6 .. 3.5 2.1 .. 2.2 71.9 .. 75.9Iraq 13.3 .. .. 1.7 .. .. 0.3 .. .. 1.0 .. .. 83.5 .. ..Jordan 18.2 26.1 17.7 1.5 1.9 2.0 17.1 18.2 14.4 1.3 1.5 2.2 61.4 51.2 62.3Kazakhstan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Kuwait 14.8 17.1 .. 1.0 0.9 .. 0.8 0.7 .. 1.5 1.8 .. 81.4 79.4 ..Kyrgyz Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Lebanon 15.8 .. 17.5 1.6 .. 1.8 15.2 .. 18.4 4.2 .. 2.0 62.8 .. 60.3Libya 19.3 23.0 .. 1.3 1.6 .. 0.7 0.3 .. 1.0 1.2 .. 77.7 74.0 ..Malaysia 11.9 7.3 5.4 1.9 1.4 1.3 15.2 5.3 5.3 4.0 3.6 3.0 66.6 82.2 83.1Maldives 31.4 .. 23.0 1.0 .. 2.2 1.4 .. 11.8 4.1 .. 2.1 60.1 .. 60.8Mali 19.1 25.5 .. 0.3 0.6 .. 34.6 19.5 .. 0.4 1.1 .. 45.4 52.7 ..Mauritania 29.6 .. .. 0.7 .. .. 14.0 .. .. 0.4 .. .. 52.0 .. ..Morocco 19.8 9.8 .. 6.5 6.1 .. 23.6 16.9 .. 3.6 6.2 .. 46.5 61.0 ..Mozambique 13.8 .. 14.0 3.2 .. 1.3 9.3 .. 15.9 3.0 .. 0.3 70.5 .. 46.6Niger 14.3 .. 44.2 0.3 .. 1.3 26.0 .. 12.6 3.2 .. 1.7 54.6 .. 39.8Oman 15.2 18.5 22.4 1.5 0.8 0.7 10.8 4.2 2.8 0.4 0.7 2.5 66.3 69.1 68.3Pakistan 13.0 17.4 12.5 3.4 4.0 4.4 27.0 20.9 29.3 2.7 3.6 2.8 54.0 54.1 50.5Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 15.0 17.4 11.1 1.1 0.7 0.6 1.2 0.7 0.5 4.3 3.1 2.4 78.4 78.1 85.1Saudi Arabia 14.1 14.8 15.6 1.3 0.7 1.0 0.6 0.3 0.2 1.1 2.9 3.1 82.4 81.0 78.6Senegal 24.6 28.7 26.8 0.9 1.8 1.9 25.3 15.9 16.8 0.4 2.3 1.9 48.3 51.3 52.6Sierra-Leone 23.7 .. .. 1.4 .. .. 2.2 .. .. 0.7 .. .. 70.9 .. ..Somalia 32.5 .. .. 4.2 .. .. 0.7 .. .. 0.2 .. .. 62.0 .. ..Sudan 25.9 .. .. 1.1 .. .. 12.6 .. .. 0.6 .. .. 59.6 .. ..Suriname 9.7 11.3 .. 0.2 0.2 .. 35.7 17.9 .. 1.2 1.8 .. 52.4 68.5 ..Syria 14.1 31.1 .. 3.3 1.9 .. 25.9 3.0 .. 1.8 1.4 .. 54.6 61.6 ..Tajikistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Togo 16.5 22.4 22.8 1.4 1.2 1.3 22.8 8.3 15.9 0.4 0.9 2.0 58.7 66.8 58.1Tunisia 13.7 10.6 .. 3.6 4.3 .. 20.7 9.0 .. 4.3 4.4 .. 57.5 71.6 ..Turkey 3.5 8.3 3.7 1.6 4.3 3.9 48.4 20.8 15.3 3.3 5.5 3.8 43.1 61.0 67.0Turkmenistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda 11.2 .. 12.2 0.5 .. 2.5 22.5 .. 16.2 0.4 .. 1.6 65.2 .. 67.4United Arab Emirates 11.1 14.4 .. 1.4 0.9 .. 10.8 3.2 .. 1.5 4.3 .. 74.3 76.6 ..Yemen Republic 28.4 .. .. 0.2 .. .. 7.2 .. .. 0.5 .. .. 63.3 .. ..

IDB MCs 15.6 13.9 10.7 2.3 3.0 2.8 11.0 8.7 10.1 1.9 3.5 2.9 68.9 70.5 71.1

Memo:

OIC Countries 15.5 13.9 10.7 2.1 3.0 2.8 10.6 8.7 10.1 1.9 3.5 2.9 69.5 70.5 71.1LDCs 19.6 .. .. 2.1 .. .. 13.3 .. .. 1.6 .. .. 62.6 .. ..Developing Countries 12.1 9.7 8.4 2.6 3.6 2.5 19.5 10.6 9.5 3.2 3.6 3.0 59.8 70.7 74.5High Income Countries 10.5 9.0 7.1 4.5 3.2 1.8 26.1 11.0 10.2 5.4 4.0 3.1 52.4 71.3 74.6World 10.8 9.1 7.4 4.2 3.2 1.9 25.0 10.9 10.1 5.0 3.9 3.1 53.6 71.2 74.6

ManufacturesFood Agricultural raw Fuel Ores and metals

Table 3.5: Structure of Merchandise Imports

55


All products Primary products Manufactured products

Simple Standard Simple SimpleMean Deviation Weighted Mean Weighted Mean Weighted tariff of tariff rates mean tariff tariff mean tariff tariff mean tariff

Country Year % % % % % % %

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .Albania 2001 11.8 6.9 11.8 11.8 10.8 11.3 12.0Algeria 2001 22.4 14.3 15.0 15.0 11.3 22.6 16.7Azerbaijan .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bahrain .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 2000 21.6 13.6 21.0 21.0 18.6 21.5 22.3Benin 2001 14.7 6.7 14.0 14.0 12.8 14.5 12.8Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 2001 12.8 7.0 10.1 10.1 14.8 12.4 8.9Cameroon 2001 18.0 9.6 13.1 13.1 18.5 17.4 12.0Chad 2001 17.0 9.4 12.7 12.7 24.9 16.7 11.4Comoros .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Cote d'Ivoire 2001 12.6 6.9 9.6 9.6 10.6 12.3 9.1Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 1998 20.5 39.5 13.8 13.8 7.5 20.2 17.5Gabon 2001 18.8 9.7 15.2 15.2 20.2 17.9 14.0Gambia .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Guinea .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Guinea-Bissau 2001 14.0 7.1 14.3 14.3 19.6 13.3 10.3Indonesia 2000 8.4 10.8 5.4 5.4 2.8 8.9 6.6Iran 2000 4.9 4.2 3.1 3.1 0.9 5.0 3.8Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Kazakhstan .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Kuwait .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Kyrgyz Republic 1995 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Lebanon 2001 8.3 11.2 12.0 12.0 21.3 6.8 6.2Libya 1996 27.4 37.1 21.3 21.3 9.7 27.3 25.6Malaysia 1997 9.2 33.3 5.8 5.8 10.0 10.2 5.5Maldives 2001 22.1 15.8 19.6 19.6 14.9 23.2 21.5Mali 2001 12.9 6.9 9.4 9.4 13.9 12.5 8.4Mauritania 2001 12.1 7.4 9.0 9.0 6.8 12.1 10.5Morocco 2001 32.6 20.5 25.4 25.4 29.0 31.1 24.6Mozambique 2001 13.4 11.3 13.8 13.8 17.9 13.2 11.2Niger 2001 14.5 6.7 13.2 13.2 12.9 14.4 12.0Oman 1997 4.7 1.2 4.5 4.5 3.6 4.9 4.9Pakistan 2001 20.6 19.2 14.7 14.7 8.5 20.5 16.8Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 2000 12.3 3.1 10.5 10.5 7.9 12.4 11.4Senega 2001 14.0 6.8 8.5 8.5 6.5 13.8 10.3Sierra-Leone .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan 1996 5.3 11.9 4.4 4.4 3.4 4.7 4.0Suriname .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Syria .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Tajikistan .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Togo 2001 14.5 6.7 12.6 12.6 10.5 14.4 12.5Tunisia 1998 30.6 12.6 26.3 26.3 18.5 30.5 27.9Turkey 1999 8.4 14.7 5.4 5.4 5.5 6.3 5.3Turkmenistan 1998 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Uganda 2001 8.2 5.7 6.9 6.9 6.0 8.0 6.3United Arab Emirates .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Yemen Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Table 3.6: Tariff

56


Intra-IDB Exports Intra-IDB Imports

US $ million % of total exports US $ million % of total Imports Country 1999 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001 1980-90 1991-01

Afghanistan 47 49 37 42.7 37.1 46.4 174 279 257 35.8 43.8 42.8 .. ..Albania 2 4 12 0.7 1.5 3.8 57 82 93 6.4 7.7 6.9 35 54Algeria 883 1,395 1,329 6.9 6.7 6.8 755 841 908 8.2 8.4 7.9 49 53Azerbaijan 142 174 162 15.3 10.0 7.0 250 306 466 24.1 26.1 32.6 .. 85Bahrain 669 780 662 9.9 9.6 7.7 1,126 1374 1,467 32.6 38.6 39.8 202 152Bangladesh 176 236 218 3.9 4.2 3.8 734 947 881 8.8 10.5 9.8 25 29Benin 66 41 49 31.9 19.9 27.1 200 140 137 23.8 10.0 9.0 49 45Brunei 208 40 37 8.1 1.3 1.1 288 300 331 21.7 21.0 25.0 .. ..Burkina Faso 25 24 24 14.7 15.5 14.8 233 172 194 38.6 33.6 36.6 41 40Cameroon 100 75 91 6.2 4.1 5.2 143 139 165 10.9 9.3 8.9 48 45Chad 3 5 6 2.9 6.1 7.7 38 27 28 26.9 16.8 7.4 43 48Comoros 0 0 0 2.8 1.3 0.8 9 9 10 12.4 13.8 12.2 59 55Cote d'Ivoire 900 856 779 21.4 22.2 21.4 189 184 94 6.2 6.3 3.7 69 69Djibouti 106 122 135 70.0 85.3 68.6 133 162 172 21.7 26.6 27.5 .. 58Egypt 602 897 761 17.0 14.3 18.4 1,800 2234 1,683 11.3 10.2 13.2 55 46Gabon 46 53 41 1.4 1.3 1.1 75 52 65 4.8 3.7 4.5 94 88Gambia 2 2 2 18.6 4.1 5.9 23 66 78 11.6 20.6 19.6 112 118Guinea 26 44 77 5.3 7.1 14.3 72 134 120 12.9 25.1 24.1 60 47Guinea-Bissau 1 1 3 1.6 0.8 1.8 16 15 17 18.9 15.9 17.3 52 59Indonesia 3,959 4,938 4,812 8.1 8.0 7.4 2,956 4238 4,742 12.3 12.6 12.2 48 59Iran 2,718 3,523 3,683 12.9 12.3 14.0 1,229 2228 2,446 9.7 13.5 13.3 22 42Iraq 498 675.71 1,038 5.1 4.7 9.4 397 529 1,099 19.2 15.9 21.2 .. ..Jordan 670 685 1,187 54.2 53.4 51.8 975 1303 1,417 26.6 28.4 29.1 117 119Kazakhstan 354.7 545.2 822 6.3 6.0 9.5 204.9 283 319 5.6 5.6 5.0 .. 79Kuwait 1,989 2,595 2,117 15.0 12.3 11.3 1,479 1752 1,706 19.4 23.3 21.7 101 95Kyrgyz Republic 75 68 74 16.5 13.5 15.6 131 127 123 21.4 22.9 26.6 79 82Lebanon 327 370 388 48.3 51.9 42.0 889 1059 1,145 14.3 17.0 17.9 71 63Libya 824 1,178 1,238 10.4 9.3 11.0 715 723 622 16.7 17.5 14.2 53 52Malaysia 4,346 4,823 4,951 5.1 4.9 5.6 2,668 4102 4,711 4.1 5.0 6.4 117 192Maldives 0.06 2 2 0.1 0.7 0.9 84 128 102 20.8 26.4 23.3 76 127Mali 25 18 13 10.1 7.9 9.2 293 301 320 23.4 23.7 23.6 49 58Mauritania 55 51 58 10.4 10.6 11.6 90 94 114 15.0 14.7 16.3 118 94Morocco 426.65 443.57 499 5.2 5.4 7.0 760 848 1,880 6.4 6.8 17.1 53 60Mozambique 2 4 3 0.8 1.1 0.5 43 30 49 3.6 2.8 5.1 30 52Niger 14 13 7 7.6 6.7 4.2 86 82 108 27.4 29.2 33.4 49 39Oman 1,383 1,679 1,606 19.5 16.1 15.6 1,784 2244 2,239 38.2 41.8 38.4 80 29Pakistan 1,449 1,754 1,984 17.2 19.2 21.5 3,819 5064 4,447 37.1 45.8 43.6 35 36Palestine 0 0 0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 75Qatar 337 839 815 5.5 7.2 6.3 581 692 673 23.2 21.3 16.7 .. 30Saudi Arabia 7,721 10,680 10,329 16.1 13.9 14.7 3,398 2819 3,394 12.1 9.3 8.0 91 69Senegal 203 169 180 24.8 24.4 21.5 117 67 162 7.3 4.3 7.7 65 66Sierra-Leone 0 4 2 0.0 3.0 2.9 10.231 21 39 5.1 6.5 9.1 43 44Somalia 113 78 85 96.5 94.8 90.3 119 132 142 40.3 39.3 40.1 60 ..Sudan 232 230 264 33.1 14.1 14.9 342 361 397 22.0 25.1 22.0 16 16Suriname 5 1 3 0.8 0.3 0.6 5 7 7 1.0 1.5 1.4 89 115Syria 1,048 1,313 1,316 30.2 27.5 24.0 545 798 939 14.2 14.7 14.8 44 67Tajikistan 28 88 124 4.1 11.2 19.1 133 197 216 20.1 29.2 31.4 60 47Togo 48 48 84 20.4 25.3 37.9 52 67 63 15.4 20.8 17.9 96 73Tunisia 610 648 732 8.4 10.8 11.1 777 916 925 7.6 10.7 9.7 82 90Turkey 3,823 3,438 3,903 13.8 12.4 12.5 4,007 6102 5,275 9.7 11.2 12.7 30 47Turkmenistan 425 569 620 35.8 22.7 54.8 500 564 419 33.8 31.5 26.9 .. 98Uganda 15 19 22 4.0 5.8 6.9 33 33 39 4.0 3.7 4.0 27 33United Arab Emirates 4,599 6,083 6,059 16.6 14.7 15.1 6,718 8609 9,004 19.3 21.6 20.8 99 54Yemen Republic 166 288 494 6.8 7.1 14.0 894 1048 1,166 44.5 45.1 38.5 34 80IDB MCs 42,488 52,660 53,938 11.0 10.2 11.0 43,146 55,028 57,613 12.7 13.5 14.1 51 65

Memo:

OIC countries 44934 56025 57020 11.2 10.4 11.1 45835 58724 61022 13.0 14.0 14.5 51 65LDCs .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 33 45Developing C. 762431 964397 925533 40.0 41.0 41.5 767563 985359 976298 41.2 44.1 44.8 42 52Industrial C. 2755120 2889900 2805960 73.2 71.8 71.8 2724160 2870880 2759170 68.9 65.7 65.4 38 43World 5667630 6378650 6141880 100.0 100.0 100.0 5821250 6612150 6404960 100.0 100.0 100.0 39 44* Total trade (exports + imports) as % of GDP

Openess

of the

economy*

Table 3.7: Intra-IDB Trade

57


US $ millions

Industrial Countries Oil-Exporting countries Non-oil Developing countries

Country 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001

Afghanistan 109 95 36 53 24 22 4 5 6 7 525 33 68 74 50Albania .. 121 262 241 295 .. 0 1 1 1 .. 103 12 14 23Algeria 14,918 9,939 10,481 17,330 16,468 2 24 84 103 100 630 1,046 2,176 3,379 2,969Azerbaijan .. .. 492 1,141 1,718 .. .. 37 20 20 .. .. 400 584 575Bahrain 831 207 714 960 1,077 933 227 454 459 463 1,060 257 1,440 1,925 1,828Bangladesh 290 1,193 3,418 4,228 4,273 72 59 70 125 114 425 412 351 419 430Benin 50 58 44 75 54 2 26 25 14 14 9 38 138 119 113Brunei 3,704 1,396 1,597 1,946 2,209 0 0.4 69 27 27 884 741 885 1,186 1,088Burkina Faso 37 82 75 68 67 0 1 13 3 4 53 67 79 84 89Cameroon 1,256 1,699 1,174 1,227 1,256 5 24 7 18 21 123 303 413 522 456Chad 0 79 67 58 53 0 1 5 4 4 0 9 26 26 21Comoros 0 23 9 12 29 0 0.05 0.04 0.12 0.12 0 0.3 3 3 8Cote d'Ivoire 2,439 1,725 2,364 1,940 1,969 123 80 93 141 110 563 1,009 1,752 1,732 1,524Djibouti .. 5 37 13 53 .. 1 6 7 7 .. 54 108 124 137Egypt 1,916 1,342 1,737 3,975 1,745 66 193 306 423 400 1,006 1,003 965 1,282 1,197Gabon 1,381 2,008 2,501 2,869 2,560 0 22 5 3 3 808 445 697 897 919Gambia 21 154 6 31 21 1 0.12 0.19 0.05 0.05 9 17 2 7 6Guinea 0 519 441 485 458 0 0.3 2 0.06 0.26 0 87 47 132 85Guinea-Bissau 9 19 8 5 5 0 0.14 0.0 0.0 0.0 2 15 48 88 136Indonesia 17,013 18,040 26,493 33,771 35,324 60 703 1,627 1,880 1,820 4,821 6,887 20,530 26,412 27,637Iran 0 13,712 11,091 12,289 10,284 0 196 1,584 2,162 2,097 0 3,834 5,633 10,923 10,364Iraq 0 6,376 8,252 11,834 9,217 0 194 98 25 24 0 3,743 1,322 2,430 1,793Jordan 20 59 121 129 350 199 359 475 474 949 182 504 603 651 710Kazakhstan .. .. 1,695 2,805 2,623 .. .. 124 229 552 .. .. 3,776 6,104 5,472Kuwait 10,273 4,168 5,705 9,928 8,173 1,929 446 823 995 965 7,865 3,112 6,738 10,112 9,519Kyrgyz Rep. .. .. 203 209 250 .. .. 9 9 9 .. .. 242 284 217Lebanon 0 200 278 259 436 0 163 206 237 236 0 94 184 209 241Libya 18,372 11,723 6,824 11,190 9,678 0 33 26 26 25 3,144 2,120 1,086 1,456 1,522Malaysia 7,732 14,879 44,835 50,190 44,689 257 798 2,570 3,260 3,233 4,937 13,741 37,119 44,678 40,240Maldives .. 32 36 186 128 .. 0 0.04 0.16 0.16 .. 20 28 137 44Mali 73 113 102 100 49 0.4 3 12 4 4 44 135 127 115 87Mauritania 0 373 410 368 361 0 0.04 2 2 2 0 94 108 106 128Morocco 1,696 3,110 6,291 6,059 5,802 105 420 219 209 231 593 705 1,106 1,332 1,061Mozambique 0 129 98 126 104 0 4 0.3 1 2 0 243 169 163 172Niger 450 240 108 100 88 101 26 51 79 57 6 15 19 17 8Oman 2,587 861 1,983 2,422 2,920 11 2,851 1,040 1,192 1,156 585 872 4,071 6,844 6,229Pakistan 967 3,400 5,088 5,377 5,255 602 492 1,021 1,146 1,342 1,046 1,695 2,329 2,632 2,608PalestineQatar 3,814 2,105 3,739 5,881 6,809 170 198 249 662 642 1,316 903 2,005 3,858 4,171Saudi Arabia 79,361 28,098 24,682 40,992 36,265 1,140 1,742 3,081 4,265 4,137 20,464 14,514 20,226 31,322 30,056Senegal 258 429 397 346 473 12 18 4 4 4 156 265 362 295 310Sierra-Leone 153 126 4 114 44 0 0 0 0.25 0.25 22 2 2 10 9Somalia 21 60 1 2 3 105 58 76 53 58 6 32 40 27 33Sudan 233 244 241 445 479 119 44 134 117 126 187 226 326 1,071 1,160Suriname 364 425 463 438 434 32 0 0.17 0.02 0.02 42 44 123 63 81Syria 1,445 1,815 2,169 3,061 3,564 112 417 475 431 430 493 1,941 698 1,137 1,341Tajikistan .. .. 324 293 267 .. .. 16 13 30 .. .. 348 478 353Togo 200 151 68 36 34 34 11 15 24 8 101 106 148 127 176Tunisia 1,946 2,790 6,037 4,834 5,402 86 367 384 459 499 166 393 519 497 419Turkey 1,680 8,831 17,511 18,432 19,954 384 1,747 1,661 1,616 1,992 826 2,791 7,360 6,172 7,452Turkmenistan .. .. 250 576 176 .. .. 170 249 248 .. .. 723 1,642 709Uganda 149 162 288 242 233 7 1 11 13 13 7 18 84 64 65U.A.E 17,094 11,624 10,904 17,241 15,795 884 1,708 2,970 3,730 3,618 3,640 5,787 9,465 14,836 14,771Yemen Rep .. 1,365 138 500 333 .. 29 117 166 165 .. 159 2,152 3,297 2,895

IDB MCs 192,860 156,302 212,294 277,431 260,329 7,575 13,690 20,430 25,087 25,970 56,747 70,632 139,386 192,098 183,701

Memo:

OIC countries 193,149 165,944 220,835 294,088 275,622 7,597 13,697 20,630 25,502 26,374 56,823 71,467 145,191 199,461 191,259LDCs .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Developing C 369,953 570,864 1,110,230 1,351,530 1,270,290 24,042 32,823 57,685 71,768 76,267 165,665 299,390 704,746 892,629 849,266

Industrial C. 855,789 1,864,150 2,755,120 2,889,900 2,805,960 98,614 79,684 90,506 96,675 105,258 271,776 482,212 898,342 1,021,630 974,091

World 1,225,740 2,435,960 3,866,360 4,242,670 4,077,300 122,656 112,695 148,253 168,459 181,543 437,441 782,757 1,604,140 1,915,380 1,824,650

Table 3.8: Direction of Trade: Merchandise Exports

58


US $ millions

Industrial Countries Oil-Exporting countries Non-oil Developing countries

Country 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001

Afghanistan 140 211 134 118 100 1 4 12 12 12 355 263 340 507 488Albania 0 218 739 850 1,094 .. 0 1 4 4 .. 205 158 210 246Algeria 9,267 8,393 6,887 7,780 9,086 43 100 136 115 112 1,074 1,116 2,144 2,052 2,356Azerbaijan .. .. 378 435 604 .. .. 61 78 77 .. .. 596 658 749Bahrain 1,123 1,282 1,908 1,637 1,727 2,032 1,978 981 1,209 1,312 319 289 554 699 626Bangladesh 1,256 1,570 2,295 2,348 2,288 456 232 502 627 578 556 1,351 4,033 4,444 4,794Benin 225 125 453 621 613 11 24 21 33 35 92 116 365 735 871Brunei 384 511 481 481 373 1 19 62 28 29 177 453 783 918 916Burkina Faso 249 311 291 255 241 2 12 28 34 36 106 208 268 203 231Cameroon 1,259 1,255 856 842 1,143 6 7 166 302 294 345 289 293 305 384Chad 0 126 79 102 318 0 28 22 27 28 0 14 39 31 35Comoros 0 76 30 30 44 0 0 6 7 8 0 10 33 25 27Cote d'Ivoire 2,105 1,230 1,836 1,237 1,346 366 508 460 722 501 448 310 750 951 695Djibouti .. 125 261 220 230 .. 16 108 138 138 .. 64 232 236 241Egypt 3,632 6,377 9,432 13,418 6,890 66 192 1,072 1,305 1,073 922 2,160 4,306 5,919 3,885Gabon 622 706 1,393 1,232 1,266 0 1 12 13 13 43 140 153 145 170Gambia 98 124 111 117 156 1 1 7 12 13 64 97 76 191 227Guinea 0 435 369 301 292 0 10 12 13 16 0 138 177 219 190Guinea-Bissau 40 91 39 50 45 0 0 0 0 0 13 30 34 32 39Indonesia 7,023 14,470 11,710 15,750 16,869 968 1,045 2,106 3,180 3,084 2,758 6,357 10,043 14,283 18,559Iran 7,178 12,065 6,737 7,118 8,466 588 1,120 769 1,166 1,131 2,809 3,776 3,649 6,277 6,840Iraq 0 4,481 1,011 1,693 2,694 0 687 148 193 187 0 1,357 908 1,438 2,302Jordan 1,426 1,427 1,909 2,220 2,110 442 600 685 986 1,017 496 549 990 1,269 1,543Kazakhstan .. .. 1,470 1,486 2,114 .. .. 23 38 49 .. .. 2,174 3,496 4,193Kuwait 4,874 2,475 4,801 4,252 4,888 93 46 934 1,174 1,139 1,555 995 1,879 2,083 1,838Kyrgyz Rep. .. .. 204 147 99 .. .. 19 16 14 .. .. 373 391 351Lebanon 0 1,399 4,156 3,909 3,776 0 105 297 345 372 0 1,011 1,619 1,866 2,128Libya 5,951 4,262 2,873 2,771 3,110 2 23 58 73 71 705 1,321 1,358 1,286 1,186Malaysia 6,848 18,557 35,782 43,151 38,739 959 642 2,374 3,820 3,683 2,997 9,909 26,521 33,681 30,568Maldives .. 24 96 66 77 .. 1 55 64 68 .. 113 251 356 291Mali 117 322 443 390 459 1 17 13 13 13 124 352 723 786 794Mauritania 0 302 377 412 435 0 21 38 48 48 0 48 134 117 153Morocco 2,825 4,783 8,770 8,859 6,776 812 997 560 693 1,550 575 1,359 1,352 1,447 2,652Mozambique 0 527 224 277 192 0 109 18 6 17 0 278 443 635 513Niger 411 223 142 121 129 75 59 32 33 40 107 79 136 124 151Oman 1,100 1,635 2,352 2,403 2,854 309 704 1,569 2,017 1,957 323 342 753 944 1,012Pakistan 2,692 4,075 4,116 3,596 3,321 1,544 1,375 2,783 4,197 3,704 1,111 1,932 3,396 3,255 3,177PalestineQatar 1,139 1,216 1,510 2,010 2,804 71 144 455 498 483 221 332 535 744 744Saudi Arabia 24,450 18,577 19,308 20,249 25,802 279 571 1,330 1,151 1,116 4,956 4,860 7,291 8,455 14,812Senegal 641 902 1,030 875 1,184 190 99 131 308 332 202 368 446 370 575Sierra-Leone 0 128 133 238 296 0 39 13 15 16 0 27 45 64 103Somalia 249 269 28 47 35 27 25 25 25 26 72 90 210 227 253Sudan 844 647 692 594 799 344 400 171 195 195 387 258 694 649 809Suriname 297 356 339 312 336 1 2 3 5 5 182 121 157 148 168Syria 2,211 1,436 1,540 2,220 2,603 856 99 216 334 354 856 644 1,208 1,858 2,304Tajikistan .. .. 112 117 49 .. .. 14 11 23 .. .. 537 548 610Togo 378 404 208 184 196 112 13 12 11 18 60 163 109 120 126Tunisia 2,822 4,511 8,427 6,746 7,485 344 258 415 553 521 323 1,014 1,145 1,169 1,384Turkey 3,583 14,253 27,149 33,858 24,692 2,834 3,523 2,721 4,344 4,108 1,165 5,523 10,425 14,581 11,551Turkmenistan .. .. 369 386 570 .. .. 190 238 257 .. .. 821 1,056 727Uganda 119 288 283 270 271 1 10 22 26 28 99 284 520 597 664U.A.E. 6,129 6,913 18,291 19,149 20,863 145 930 4,441 6,027 5,846 2,086 3,226 12,084 14,676 16,481Yemen Rep. .. 1,112 709 771 1,098 .. 432 651 769 829 .. 834 642 738 1,051

IDB MCs 103,708 145,205 195,275 218,718 214,047 13,981 17,227 26,962 37,251 36,581 28,680 54,774 108,903 138,214 147,784

Memo:

OIC countries 103,911 148,753 201,285 224,876 221,825 13,981 17,246 27,244 37,583 36,903 28,793 55,782 113,308 143,253 154,096LDCs .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Developing C. 314,128 576,998 1,069,710 1,213,190 1,172,290 65,375 59,019 100,667 150,401 143,356 125,283 277,733 666,870 834,954 832,938Industrial C. 897,042 1,909,510 2,724,160 2,870,880 2,759,170 236,391 144,406 145,848 222,511 201,687 250,464 504,996 1,064,490 1,260,350 1,225,630World 1,211,170 2,488,310 3,795,940 4,086,200 3,934,690 301,766 204,111 246,546 373,036 345,167 375,746 784,520 1,733,350 2,097,530 2,061,100

Table 3.9: Direction of Trade: Merchandise Imports

59


US $ millions (2001)

Exports to AMU ASEAN CIS ECO ECOWAS GCC UDEAC IDB WORLD

===>

AMU 1,140 33 3 1,974 161 142 33 3,856 45,001ASEAN 172 3,931 8 1,461 95 2,729 22 9,800 156,346

CIS 32 4 586 1,381 0.1 352 0.06 1,802 13,221ECO 938 441 1,248 3,564 76 3,784 21 11,410 80,092

ECOWAS 90 66 0 20 630 3 80 1,107 5,551GCC 703 3,538 196 5,124 20 9,137 26 21,588 161,097

UDEAC 44 6 0 13 15 4 30 138 5,539IDB 3,794 8,429 1,460 12,989 966 18,122 288 53,938 491,433

Percentage (2001)

Exports to AMU ASEAN CIS ECO ECOWAS GCC UDEAC IDB WORLD

===>

AMU 2.53 0.07 0.01 4.39 0.36 0.32 0.07 8.57 100ASEAN 0.11 2.51 0.01 0.93 0.06 1.75 0.01 6.27 100

CIS 0.24 0.03 4.43 10.45 0.00 2.66 0.00 13.63 100ECO 1.17 0.55 1.56 4.45 0.09 4.72 0.03 14.25 100

ECOWAS 1.62 1.19 0.00 0.36 11.35 0.05 1.44 19.94 100GCC 0.44 2.20 0.12 3.18 0.01 5.67 0.02 13.40 100

UDEAC 0.79 0.11 0.00 0.23 0.27 0.07 0.54 2.49 100IDB 0.77 1.72 0.30 2.64 0.20 3.69 0.06 10.98 100

US $ millions (20001

Imports from AMU ASEAN CIS ECO ECOWAS GCC UDEAC IDB WORLD

===>

AMU 1,260 207 26 1,161 105 791 50 4,449 37,175ASEAN 43 4,814 6 477 81 3,890 8 9,783 113,987

CIS 1 17 684 1,292 1 227 0.003 1,544 10,502ECO 2,174 1,446 1,567 3,933 40 3,610 16 13,969 81,044

ECOWAS 165 80 0 73 693 21 17 1,138 9,566GCC 148 2,917 388 5,221 3 8,511 4 18,483 106,768

UDEAC 34 24 0 28 75 26 34 258 3,687IDB 4,201 10,764 2,027 12,525 364 22,029 137 57,613 407,445

Percentage (2001)

Import from AMU ASEAN CIS ECO ECOWAS GCC UDEAC IDB WORLD

===>

AMU 3.39 0.56 0.07 3.12 0.28 2.13 0.13 8.56 100ASEAN 0.04 4.22 0.01 0.42 0.07 3.41 0.01 5.80 100

CIS 0.01 0.16 6.51 12.30 0.01 2.16 0.00 11.35 100ECO 2.68 1.78 1.93 4.85 0.05 4.45 0.02 13.90 100

ECOWAS 1.72 0.84 0.00 0.76 7.24 0.22 0.18 6.93 100GCC 0.14 2.73 0.36 4.89 0.00 7.97 0.00 16.22 100

UDEAC 0.92 0.65 0.00 0.76 2.03 0.71 0.92 8.25 100IDB 1.03 2.64 0.50 3.07 0.09 5.41 0.03 11.16 100

Table 3.10: Intra-Trade by Regional Groupings

60


Share in Share in Commodity Code and Name US$ mill. country World

Country total total1999 1999 1999

Afghanistan .. .. ..

Albania .. .. ..

Algeria 341 Gas, natural and manufactured 5,227 41.7 10.2333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minerals 4,975 39.7 2.1334 Petroleum products, refined 1,883 15.0 1.9335 Residual petroleum products, n.e.s., and related 82 0.7 1.0522 Inorganic chemical elements, oxides and halogen salts 65 0.5 0.4

Azerbaijan .. .. .. ..Bahrain .. .. .. ..

Bangladesh 842 Outergarments, men's, of textile fabrics 925 23.6 3.0844 Undergarments of textile fabrics 744 19.0 5.6843 Outergarments, women's, of textile fabrics 511 13.0 1.2845 Outergarments and other articles, knitted 397 10.1 1.0846 Undergarments, knitted or crocheted 351 9.0 1.2

Benin .. .. .. ..Brunei .. .. .. ..

Burkina Faso .. .. .. ..Cameroon .. .. ..

Chad .. .. ..

Comoros .. .. .. ..Cote d'ivore .. .. .. ..Djibouti .. .. .. ..

Egypt 334 Petroleum products, refined 960 27.4 1.0333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minerals 293 8.4 0.1263 Cotton 239 6.8 2.9931 Special transactions and commodities, not classified to kind 165 4.7 0.1651 Textile yarn 128 3.7 0.4

Gabon .. .. .. ..Gambia .. .. .. ..Guinea .. .. .. ..Guinea-Bissau .. .. .. ..Indonesia 333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minerals 4,517 9.3 1.9

341 Gas, natural and manufactured 4,357 9.0 8.5634 Veneers, plywood, improved or reconstituted wood 2,516 5.2 17.1641 Paper and paperboard 1,789 3.7 2.5424 Other fixed vegetable oils, fluid or solid, crude, refined or purified 1,674 3.4 19.0

Iran .. .. .. ..Iraq .. .. .. ..

Table 3.11a: Exports of Five Core Commodities

61




Jordan 333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minera 247 6.7 0.11782 Motor vehicles for transport of goods materia 163 4.4 0.28541 Medicinal and pharmaceutical product 137 3.7 0.13781 Passenger motor cars, for transport of passengers and good 135 3.6 0.05041 Wheat (including spelt) and meslin, unmilled 123 3.3 0.77

Kazakhstan 782 Motor vehicles for transport of goods materia 298 8.1 0.5793 Ships, boats and floating structures 145 3.9 0.8764 Telecommunications equipment, and part 112 3.1 0.1341 Gas, natural and manufactured 105 2.9 0.2678 Tubes, pipes and fittings, of iron or stee 98 2.7 0.4

Kuwait 781 Passenger motor cars, for transport of passengers and good 736 9.7 0.3782 Motor vehicles for transport of goods materia 277 3.6 0.5718 Other power generating machinery and part 231 3.0 4.1764 Telecommunications equipment, and part 215 2.8 0.1784 Parts and accessories of 722, 781, 782, 783 182 2.4 0.1

Kyrgyzstan .. .. .. ..

Lebanon .. .. .. ..

Libya .. .. .. ..Malaysia 776 Thermionic, cold and photo-cathode valves, tubes, and par 19344 29.8 8.1

772 Electrical apparatus such as switches, relays, fuses and plug 2688 4.1 3.3759 Parts of and accessories suitable for 751, 752 2544 3.9 1.9764 Telecommunications equipment, and part 2111 3.3 1.3778 Electrical machinery and apparatus, n.e.s 1634 2.5 1.9

Maldives .. .. .. ..

Mali .. .. .. ..

Mauritania .. .. .. ..

Morocco 333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minera 911 8.4 0.4776 Thermionic, cold and photo-cathode valves, tubes, and par 446 4.1 0.2653 Fabrics, woven, of man-made fibre 423 3.9 1.5652 Cotton fabrics, woven 398 3.7 2.0041 Wheat (including spelt) and meslin, unmilled 389 3.6 2.4

Mozambique .. .. .. ..

Niger .. .. .. ..

Oman 781 Passenger motor cars, for transport of passengers and good 400 8.6 0.1122 Tobacco, manufactured 317 6.8 2.2784 Parts and accessories of 722, 781, 782, 783 227 4.9 0.2723 Civil engineering and contractors plant and part 154 3.3 0.7782 Motor vehicles for transport of goods materia 135 2.9 0.2

Pakistan 334 Petroleum products, refined 1441 14.2 1.5333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minera 581 5.7 0.3424 Other fixed vegetable oils, fluid or solid, crude, refined or purifie 443 4.4 4.9041 Wheat (including spelt) and meslin, unmilled 389 3.8 2.4971 Gold, non-monetary 334 3.3 1.2

Palestine .. .. .. ..

Table 3.12b: Imports of Five Core Commodities

65




Qatar .. .. .. ..

Saudi Arabia 333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minera 34221 68.7 14.4334 Petroleum products, refined 7739 15.5 7.7583 Polymerization and copolymerization produc 1222 2.5 1.6512 Alcohols, phenols, phenol-alcohols, and their derivative 908 1.8 7.7511 Hydrocarbons, n.e.s., and their halogenated or derivative 663 1.3 3.9

Senegal 522 Inorganic chemical elements, oxides and halogen sal 88 18.6 0.6334 Petroleum products, refined 79 16.7 0.1271 Fertilizers, crude 35 7.5 1.9562 Fertilizers, manufactured 35 7.4 0.2792 Aircraft and associated equipment, and part 24 5.1 0.0

Sierra Leone .. .. .. ..

Somalia .. .. .. ..

Sudan .. .. .. ..

Suriname .. .. .. ..

Syria 333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minera 2180 64.3 0.9054 Vegetables, fresh, chilled, frozen or simply preserved; roots, tube 198 5.9 0.8057 Fruit and nuts (not including oil nuts), fresh or dried 151 4.5 0.5263 Cotton 139 4.1 1.7334 Petroleum products, refined 132 3.9 0.1

Tajikistan .. .. .. ..

Togo 263 Cotton 82 33.5 1.0271 Fertilizers, crude 65 26.5 3.5661 Lime, cement, and fabricated construction materia 28 11.6 0.3071 Coffee and coffee substitutes 25 10.4 0.2072 Cocoa 8 3.4 0.2

Tunisia 842 Outergarments, men's, of textile fabrics 1022 17.7 3.3843 Outergarments, women's, of textile fabric 647 11.2 1.6333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minera 381 6.6 0.2423 Fixed vegetable oils, soft, crude, refined or purifie 321 5.6 3.1562 Fertilizers, manufactured 289 5.0 1.9

Turkey 845 Outergarments and other articles, knitte 1891 7.1 4.6846 Undergarments, knitted or crocheted 1698 6.4 5.7843 Outergarments, women's, of textile fabric 1413 5.3 3.4057 Fruit and nuts (not including oil nuts), fresh or dried 1212 4.6 4.4673 Iron and steel bars, rods, angles, shapes and section 1137 4.3 5.2

Turkmenistan .. .. .. ..

Uganda .. .. .. ..United Arab Emirates .. .. .. ..Yemen .. .. .. ..

Table 3.11c: Exports of Five Core Commodities

63




Afghanistan .. .. ..

Albania .. .. ..

Algeria 041 Wheat (including spelt) and meslin, unmilled 661 7.2 4.1541 Medicinal and pharmaceutical product 535 5.8 0.5022 Milk and cream 366 4.0 2.7781 Passenger motor cars, for transport of passengers and good 308 3.4 0.1678 Tubes, pipes and fittings, of iron or stee 302 3.3 1.3

Azerbaijan .. .. .. ..

Bahrain .. .. .. ..

Bangladesh 652 Cotton fabrics, woven 536 7.0 2.7653 Fabrics, woven, of man-made fibre 488 6.4 1.7651 Textile yarn 450 5.9 1.3674 Universals, plates and sheets, of iron or stee 366 4.8 0.8334 Petroleum products, refined 365 4.8 0.4

Benin .. .. .. ..

Brunei Darussalam .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso .. .. .. ..

Cameroon .. .. ..

Chad .. .. ..

Comoros .. .. .. ..

Cote d'ivore .. .. .. ..

Djibouti .. .. .. ..

Egypt 931 Special transactions and commodities, not classified to kin 727 4.6 0.5044 Maize (corn), unmilled 652 4.1 6.6041 Wheat (including spelt) and meslin, unmilled 603 3.8 3.8728 Machinery and equipment specialized for particular industrie 536 3.4 0.9248 Wood, simply worked, and railway sleepers of woo 473 3.0 1.6

Gabon .. .. .. ..

Gambia .. .. .. ..

Guinea .. .. .. ..Guinea-Bissau .. .. .. ..

Indonesia 334 Petroleum products, refined 2099 8.7 2.1333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minera 1588 6.6 0.7042 Rice 1327 5.5 14.9511 Hydrocarbons, n.e.s., and their halogenated or derivative 828 3.5 4.5263 Cotton 673 2.8 8.7

Iran .. .. .. ..

Iraq .. .. .. ..

Table 3.12a: Imports of Five Core Commodities

64




Jordan 333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minera 247 6.7 0.11782 Motor vehicles for transport of goods materia 163 4.4 0.28541 Medicinal and pharmaceutical product 137 3.7 0.13781 Passenger motor cars, for transport of passengers and good 135 3.6 0.05041 Wheat (including spelt) and meslin, unmilled 123 3.3 0.77

Kazakhstan 782 Motor vehicles for transport of goods materia 298 8.1 0.5793 Ships, boats and floating structures 145 3.9 0.8764 Telecommunications equipment, and part 112 3.1 0.1341 Gas, natural and manufactured 105 2.9 0.2678 Tubes, pipes and fittings, of iron or stee 98 2.7 0.4

Kuwait 781 Passenger motor cars, for transport of passengers and good 736 9.7 0.3782 Motor vehicles for transport of goods materia 277 3.6 0.5718 Other power generating machinery and part 231 3.0 4.1764 Telecommunications equipment, and part 215 2.8 0.1784 Parts and accessories of 722, 781, 782, 783 182 2.4 0.1

Kyrgyzstan .. .. .. ..

Lebanon .. .. .. ..

Libya .. .. .. ..Malaysia 776 Thermionic, cold and photo-cathode valves, tubes, and par 19344 29.8 8.1

772 Electrical apparatus such as switches, relays, fuses and plug 2688 4.1 3.3759 Parts of and accessories suitable for 751, 752 2544 3.9 1.9764 Telecommunications equipment, and part 2111 3.3 1.3778 Electrical machinery and apparatus, n.e.s 1634 2.5 1.9

Maldives .. .. .. ..

Mali .. .. .. ..

Mauritania .. .. .. ..

Morocco 333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minera 911 8.4 0.4776 Thermionic, cold and photo-cathode valves, tubes, and par 446 4.1 0.2653 Fabrics, woven, of man-made fibre 423 3.9 1.5652 Cotton fabrics, woven 398 3.7 2.0041 Wheat (including spelt) and meslin, unmilled 389 3.6 2.4

Mozambique .. .. .. ..

Niger .. .. .. ..

Oman 781 Passenger motor cars, for transport of passengers and good 400 8.6 0.1122 Tobacco, manufactured 317 6.8 2.2784 Parts and accessories of 722, 781, 782, 783 227 4.9 0.2723 Civil engineering and contractors plant and part 154 3.3 0.7782 Motor vehicles for transport of goods materia 135 2.9 0.2

Pakistan 334 Petroleum products, refined 1441 14.2 1.5333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minera 581 5.7 0.3424 Other fixed vegetable oils, fluid or solid, crude, refined or purifie 443 4.4 4.9041 Wheat (including spelt) and meslin, unmilled 389 3.8 2.4971 Gold, non-monetary 334 3.3 1.2

Palestine .. .. .. ..

Table 3.12b: Imports of Five Core Commodities

65




Qatar .. .. .. ..

Saudi Arabia 792 Aircraft and associated equipment, and part 2063 7.4 2.2781 Passenger motor cars, for transport of passengers and good 1518 5.4 0.5971 Gold, non-monetary 1512 5.4 5.6541 Medicinal and pharmaceutical product 842 3.0 0.8764 Telecommunications equipment, and part 568 2.0 0.3

0Senegal 042 Rice 159 9.9 1.8

333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minera 112 7.0 0.1423 Fixed vegetable oils, soft, crude, refined or purifie 61 3.8 0.6541 Medicinal and pharmaceutical product 60 3.7 0.1781 Passenger motor cars, for transport of passengers and good 52 3.2 0.0

Sierra Leone .. .. .. ..

Somalia .. .. .. ..

Sudan .. .. .. ..

Suriname .. .. .. ..

Syria 931 Special transactions and commodities, not classified to kin 468 13.0 0.3651 Textile yarn 223 6.2 0.7782 Motor vehicles for transport of goods materia 185 5.1 0.3061 Sugar and honey 157 4.4 1.2676 Rails and railway track construction materia 111 3.1 7.5

Tajikistan .. .. .. ..

Togo 334 Petroleum products, refined 264 39.5 0.3424 Other fixed vegetable oils, fluid or solid, crude, refined or purifie 38 5.7 0.4661 Lime, cement, and fabricated construction materia 27 4.0 0.2652 Cotton fabrics, woven 20 3.0 0.1674 Universals, plates and sheets, of iron or stee 15 2.3 0.0

Tunisia 652 Cotton fabrics, woven 606 7.3 3.0653 Fabrics, woven, of man-made fibre 379 4.6 1.3781 Passenger motor cars, for transport of passengers and good 323 3.9 0.1334 Petroleum products, refined 286 3.4 0.3792 Aircraft and associated equipment, and part 253 3.0 0.3

Turkey 333 Petroleum oils, crude, and crude oils obtained from bituminous minera 2755 6.8 1.2764 Telecommunications equipment, and part 2120 5.2 1.3341 Gas, natural and manufactured 1467 3.6 2.7781 Passenger motor cars, for transport of passengers and good 1325 3.3 0.5541 Medicinal and pharmaceutical product 1159 2.9 1.1

Turkmenistan .. .. .. ..

Uganda .. .. .. ..

United Arab Emirates .. .. .. ..

Yemen .. .. .. ..

Table 3.12c: Imports of Five Core Commodities

66


Goods and Services Net Income Net current transfer Current account balance

(US $ millions) Exports Imports (US $ millions) (US $ millions) (US $ millions)

Country 1980 2001 1980 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001 1980 1990 2001

Afghanistan 741 .. 918 .. 45 .. .. 185 .. .. 54 .. ..Albania 378 839 371 1,776 4 -2 146 6 15 571 16 -118 -220Algeria 14,128 21,829 12,311 11,270 -1,869 -2,268 -2,877 301 333 .. 249 1,420 ..Azerbaijan .. 2,369 .. 2,130 .. .. -367 .. .. 77 .. .. -52Bahrain 3,766 6,495 3,461 4,752 -208 222 -322 88 -272 -1,264 184 70 157Bangladesh 885 7,235 2,545 10,103 14 -122 -264 802 802 2,316 -844 -1,573 -816Benin 226 554 421 736 8 -25 -32 151 97 139 -36 -18 -74Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 210 275 577 641 -3 0 -24 322 332 53 -49 -77 -338Cameroon 1,880 2,708 1,829 2,479 -479 -478 -494 83 -39 119 -346 -196 -147Chad 71 290 79 974 -4 -21 -8 24 192 31 12 -46 -660Comoros 13 35 34 64 1 -1 2 11 45 .. -9 -10 ..Cote d'Ivoire 3,577 4,435 4,145 3,640 -553 -1,091 -577 -706 -181 -275 -1,826 -1,214 -58Djibouti .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Egypt 6,246 16,925 9,157 21,772 -318 -912 1,072 2,791 4,836 3,742 -438 -634 -33Gabon 2,409 3,180 1,475 1,961 -426 -617 -711 -124 -134 -73 384 168 435Gambia 66 277 179 349 -2 -11 -7 28 59 26 -87 23 -53Guinea .. 834 .. 881 .. -149 -102 .. 70 90 .. -203 -60Guinea-Bissau .. 55 .. 96 .. -22 -16 .. 39 .. .. -45 ..Indonesia .. 62,864 .. 50,549 .. -5,190 -6,936 .. 418 1,520 .. -2,988 6,899Iran 13,069 23,716 16,111 18,138 606 378 -1,144 -2 -582 320 -2,438 -2,755 4,754Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 1,578 3,776 3,230 6,026 47 -214 187 1,979 1,045 2,059 374 -227 -4Kazakhstan .. 10,304 .. 10,660 .. .. -1,115 .. .. 230 .. .. -1,240Kuwait 21,857 17,954 9,823 12,267 4,847 7,738 4,956 -1,580 -4,951 -2,080 15,302 3,886 8,562Kyrgyz Republic .. 561 .. 566 .. .. -66 .. .. 51 .. .. -20Lebanon .. 1,922 .. 7,031 .. 622 942 .. 1,818 183 .. 115 -3,984Libya 22,084 .. 12,671 .. -65 174 .. -1,134 -481 .. 8,214 2,201 ..Malaysia 14,098 102,435 13,526 86,254 -836 -1,872 -6,743 -2 102 -2,152 -266 -870 7,287Maldives 65 464 87 457 -3 -14 -39 2 4 -30 -22 10 -61Mali 263 825 520 1,085 -17 -37 -129 150 225 .. -124 -221 ..Mauritania 253 377 449 434 -27 -46 -16 90 86 137 -133 -10 65Morocco 3,233 11,171 5,207 12,282 -562 -988 -833 1,130 2,336 3,555 -1,407 -196 1,611Mozambique 399 2,304 844 3,905 22 -97 -574 56 448 571 -367 -415 -1,604Niger 617 324 956 486 -33 -54 -11 97 14 4 -276 -236 -170Oman 3,757 11,423 2,298 6,988 -257 -254 -588 -260 -874 -1,532 942 1,106 2,315Pakistan 2,958 10,284 5,709 12,535 -281 -966 -2,160 2,163 2,748 3,299 -869 -1,352 -1,112Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 106,765 78,214 55,793 47,952 526 7,979 -520 -9,995 -15,637 -15,240 41,503 -4,152 14,502Senegal 807 1,373 1,215 1,745 -98 -129 -106 120 153 180 -386 -363 -297Sierra-Leone 275 91 471 284 -22 -71 -16 53 7 .. -165 -69 ..Somalia 200 .. 535 .. -1 .. .. 200 .. .. -136 .. ..Sudan 982 1,713 1,480 2,055 -47 -136 -554 230 141 374 -316 -372 -522Suriname 1,094 496 1,175 472 -35 -15 -108 147 53 -1 32 67 -84Syria 2,477 7,448 4,531 5,994 785 -401 -783 1,520 88 .. 251 1,762 ..Tajikistan .. 673 .. 801 .. .. -30 .. .. 84 .. .. -74Togo 550 436 691 624 -40 -32 -24 86 132 .. -95 -84 ..Tunisia 3,262 9,518 3,766 10,422 -259 -455 -940 410 828 935 -353 -463 -910Turkey 3,621 50,438 8,082 45,845 -1,118 -2,508 -5,000 2,171 4,493 3,803 -3,408 -2,625 3,396Turkmenistan .. 2,777 .. 2,807 .. .. -111 .. .. 68 .. .. -74Uganda 329 664 441 1,454 -7 -77 -119 -2 78 540 -121 -429 -369U.A.E .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Yemen Republic .. 4,125 .. 3,265 .. -372 -1,254 .. 1,790 1,501 .. 739 1,107

IDB MCs 239,188 487,004 187,114 417,008 -667 -2,536 -28,415 1,593 678 3,933 53,001 -10,397 38,055

Memo:

OIC Countries 266,668 512,065 207,622 436,365 -2,013 -5,274 -31,025 1,017 762 3,976 58,050 -5,408 37,942LDCs 20,873 47,705 29,768 58,485 -704 -3,487 -7,350 .. .. .. -6,079 -8,179 ..Dev'ping Cont. .. 1,822,220 585,226 1,734,700 .. -66,008 -131,880 .. .. .. -7,833 -24,977 ..Developed Cont. 1,702,650 5,732,560 1,759,670 5,846,560 .. .. .. .. .. .. -55,555 -75,326 ..World 2,303,360 7,555,370 2,333,630 7,580,230 .. -58,606 -97,006 .. .. .. -63,389 -100,303 ..

Table 3.13: Balance of Payments

67


Gross International Reserves* In months of Imports

(US $ millions) (months)

Country 1980 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1980 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Afghanistan 940 638 .. .. .. .. .. 12.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. .. 342 382 404 383 393 .. .. 5.0 4.8 4.4 3.0 2.6Algeria 7,064 2,703 9,667 8,452 6,146 13,556 19,625 5.8 2.6 10.1 8.5 5.8 12.2 16.0Azerbaijan .. .. 466 447 673 680 897 .. .. 2.6 2.2 4.1 3.4 4.2Bahrain 1,042 1,293 1,334 1,122 1,413 1,605 1,725 3.1 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.6 2.3Bangladesh 331 660 1,611 1,936 1,634 1,516 1,306 1.5 1.8 2.5 2.8 2.2 1.9 1.5Benin 15 69 253 261 400 458 578 0.4 1.7 3.8 3.9 5.4 7.3 9.1Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 75 305 345 373 295 244 261 1.5 4.7 6.0 5.4 4.6 4.2 4.6Cameroon 206 37 10 10 13 220 340 1.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.9 1.4Chad 12 132 139 123 98 114 125 1.7 3.1 3.2 2.6 2.3 2.8 1.5Comoros 6 30 41 39 37 43 62 2.2 3.8 5.2 6.1 5.7 8.4 11.5Cote d'Ivoire 46 21 618 855 630 668 1,019 0.1 0.1 1.5 1.9 1.5 1.8 2.8Djibouti .. 94 67 66 71 68 70 .. .. 2.7 2.3 2.5 2.3 ..Egypt 2,480 3,620 19,371 18,824 15,190 13,785 13,598 3.1 2.8 11.3 10.0 8.3 7.0 7.2Gabon 115 279 286 19 22 194 13 0.7 1.4 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.1Gambia 6 55 96 106 111 109 106 0.4 3.2 3.9 3.8 4.2 3.9 3.5Guinea .. .. 122 237 200 148 200 .. .. 1.5 2.6 2.3 1.8 2.4Guinea-Bissau .. 18 34 36 35 67 69 .. 2.0 3.9 5.7 4.5 6.8 7.5Indonesia 6,803 8,657 17,487 23,606 27,345 29,353 28,104 .. 3.1 3.0 5.2 6.1 5.3 5.7Iran 12,783 .. .. .. .. .. .. 9.3 .. .. .. .. .. ..Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 1,745 1,139 2,436 1,988 2,770 3,441 3,174 6.3 3.5 5.2 4.2 6.1 6.5 5.9Kazakhstan .. .. 2,223 1,965 2,001 2,099 2,506 .. .. 3.1 2.9 3.3 2.5 2.5Kuwait 5,425 2,929 4,188 4,678 5,561 7,779 10,599 6.2 4.4 3.5 3.9 5.2 7.8 9.9Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 170 188 254 262 287 .. .. 2.3 2.2 3.9 4.2 5.3Lebanon 7,025 4,210 8,653 9,210 10,452 8,475 7,564 .. 17.4 13.0 .. .. .. ..Libya 14,905 7,225 5,997 8,598 8,622 13,730 16,079 12.8 9.2 8.5 14.5 20.2 .. ..Malaysia 5,755 10,659 21,470 26,236 30,931 29,844 30,798 4.6 3.6 2.6 4.3 4.4 3.4 3.9Maldives 1 24 99 119 128 123 94 0.1 1.7 2.7 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.2Mali 26 198 415 403 350 381 349 0.6 2.7 5.2 5.0 4.1 4.6 3.4Mauritania 146 59 204 206 228 .. .. 3.6 1.2 4.4 4.9 6.1 .. ..Morocco 814 2,338 4,197 4,638 5,894 5,017 8,669 1.7 3.2 4.2 4.4 5.4 4.4 7.7Mozambique .. 233 537 628 669 744 729 .. 2.4 5.5 5.7 4.7 5.1 1.9Niger 132 226 53 53 39 80 107 1.6 3.4 1.3 1.1 1.0 2.0 2.5Oman 704 1,784 1,633 1,148 2,852 2,460 2,445 3.2 5.4 2.8 1.8 5.1 4.1 3.7Pakistan 1,568 1,046 1,795 1,626 2,117 2,087 4,218 3.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.9 1.8 3.4Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Qatar 623 952 836 1,059 1,310 1,163 1,318 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 26,129 13,437 16,210 15,543 18,331 20,847 18,867 5.0 3.6 3.5 3.9 4.6 4.5 4.3Senegal 25 22 386 431 403 384 447 0.2 0.1 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.4 2.8Sierra-Leone 31 5 38 44 39 49 51 0.7 0.2 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.3 2.0Somalia 26 .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.6 .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan 49 11 82 91 189 247 118 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.6 1.4 1.1 0.5Suriname 221 42 165 143 110 133 193 2.1 0.6 3.5 3.0 2.9 3.4 4.0Syria 828 .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..Tajikistan .. .. 39 56 57 94 94 .. .. 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.3Togo 85 358 119 118 122 152 126 1.4 4.7 1.9 1.8 2.1 2.8 2.2Tunisia 700 867 2,041 1,913 2,325 1,871 2,050 2.0 1.6 2.5 2.3 2.7 2.2 2.1Turkey 3,298 7,626 19,746 20,568 24,433 23,515 19,911 4.3 3.1 3.9 4.1 5.4 4.1 4.5Turkmenistan .. .. 1,256 1,376 1,513 .. .. .. .. 8.6 8.5 8.4 .. ..Uganda 3 44 633 725 763 808 983 0.1 0.7 5.6 5.9 5.9 6.1 7.3U.A.E 2,355 4,891 8,603 9,306 10,790 13,632 14,256 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Yemen Republic .. 441 1218 1010 1486 2914 3672 .. 2.1 3.9 3.7 5.2 8.4 9.4

IDB MCs 104,540 79,376 157,730 170,962 189,454 205,542 218,197 6.9 4.7 5.6 5.8 6.1 5.3 6.5

Memo:

OIC Countries 115,193 83,534 165,827 178,537 196,614 215,947 229,131 6.7 4.7 5.6 5.7 6.0 5.4 6.5LDCs 4,052 5,988 11,788 12,202 13,018 15,343 16,298 3.4 3.0 3.8 4.1 4.2 4.9 5.9Developing C .. 208,570 639,439 658,493 696,253 745,237 827,950 6.6 5.6 6.3 6.5 6.5 5.7 6.5Developed C .. .. 1,307,510 .. 1400300 1,474,970 1510130 5.9 4.1 3.9 4.1 4.8 4.8 5.9World .. 1,268,630 1,946,950 2,017,710 2,096,550 2,220,210 2,338,080 6.0 4.3 4.7 4.9 5.3 5.1 6.1*includes gold

Table 3.14: International Reserves and Ratio to Imports

68


Present value

of debt Total External Debt Debt Service % of % of (US $ billion) % of GNI % of XGS % of GNI % of XGS

Country GNI XGS2001 2001 2001 1990 2001 1990 2001 1990 2001 1990 2001 1990 2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania L 18 47 0.3 1.1 16.6 25.7 111.6 138.6 0.1 0.8 0.9 2.2Algeria M 41 97 28.1 22.5 47.0 43.8 193.5 110.7 14.7 8.3 63.4 19.5Azerbaijan L 19 40 .. 1.2 .. 23.3 .. 51.5 .. 2.5 .. 5.3Bahrain .. .. .. 0.0 .. .. .. 0.0 .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh L 21 105 12.4 15.2 41.5 32.8 661.0 211.2 2.5 1.4 27.4 7.3Benin S 36 134 1.3 1.7 71.5 70.8 490.0 462.2 2.1 2.1 8.2 7.9Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso M 29 224 0.8 1.5 30.2 60.0 236.8 594.7 1.2 1.5 6.8 11.5Cameroon S 62 181 6.7 8.3 62.5 104.1 296.6 308.0 4.9 4.3 22.5 12.6Chad S 39 213 0.5 1.1 30.5 69.3 223.6 483.8 0.7 1.5 4.4 7.9Comoros .. 79 276 0.2 0.2 71.5 110.3 525.0 709.5 0.4 1.0 2.3 3.6Cote d'Ivoire S 109 233 17.3 11.6 187.3 118.4 504.2 282.7 13.7 6.3 35.4 13.5Djibouti .. 30 .. 0.2 0.3 .. 44.5 .. .. .. 1.8 .. ..Egypt L 25 115 33.0 29.2 78.6 29.4 381.8 168.8 7.3 1.9 22.5 8.9Gabon S 89 102 4.0 3.4 74.6 90.8 145.3 130.2 3.3 12.1 6.4 13.9Gambia M 69 94 0.4 0.5 126.7 127.9 194.4 230.3 12.9 2.8 22.2 3.8Guinea S 60 203 2.5 3.3 92.9 112.3 284.7 391.7 6.3 3.6 20.0 12.3Guinea-Bissau S 231 747 0.7 0.7 296.6 364.8 2855.2 824.7 3.6 12.7 31.0 41.1Indonesia S 94 199 69.9 135.7 64.0 97.2 241.1 227.3 9.1 11.1 33.3 23.6Iran L 6 26 9.0 7.5 7.5 6.6 34.1 23.4 0.5 1.1 3.2 4.9Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan S 78 111 8.3 7.5 219.0 84.6 334.8 191.8 16.5 7.6 20.4 10.7Kazakhstan L 67 134 .. 14.4 .. 67.9 .. 138.6 .. 15.7 .. 31.4Kuwait .. .. .. 0.0 .. .. .. 0.0 .. .. .. .. ..Kyrgyz Republic S 91 223 .. 1.7 .. 117.6 .. 308.0 .. 12.1 .. 29.8Lebanon M 76 470 1.8 12.5 51.4 70.5 348.1 647.9 2.9 8.3 3.3 50.9Libya .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Malaysia M 58 44 15.3 43.4 36.4 54.4 46.7 42.3 10.3 7.8 12.6 6.0Maldives .. 32 38 0.1 0.2 40.2 42.8 148.2 43.1 4.5 4.0 4.8 4.6Mali M 56 154 2.5 2.9 102.6 115.0 594.4 346.7 2.8 3.2 12.3 8.8Mauritania S 143 359 2.1 2.2 194.8 220.0 450.4 566.4 13.6 9.1 29.9 22.7Morocco L 44 100 24.5 17.0 98.5 51.0 358.1 163.0 7.2 7.9 21.5 17.8Mozambique M 28 36 4.6 4.5 200.4 134.4 2309.3 571.8 3.4 2.6 26.2 3.4Niger S 53 282 1.7 1.6 71.2 80.2 463.3 477.7 4.1 1.3 17.4 6.8Oman L .. 50 2.7 6.0 29.0 .. 49.2 .. 7.8 .. 12.3 14.2Pakistan S 44 222 20.7 32.0 52.9 55.4 332.4 303.0 4.9 5.1 23.0 25.8Palestine .. .. .. 0.0 0.0 .. 0.0 .. .. .. 0.0 .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia .. .. .. 0.0 .. .. .. 0.0 .. .. .. .. ..Senegal M 53 150 3.7 3.5 67.9 75.8 257.7 251.7 5.9 4.7 20.0 13.3Sierra-Leone S 114 888 1.2 1.2 206.4 162.9 820.5 927.8 3.7 13.1 10.1 102.0Somalia S .. .. 2.4 2.5 283.9 .. 2641.0 .. 1.3 .. 15.2 ..Sudan S .. .. 14.8 15.3 119.2 137.5 .. 930.7 0.4 0.5 8.7 2.3Suriname .. .. .. 0.0 .. .. .. 0.0 .. .. .. .. ..Syria S .. .. 17.3 21.3 144.4 113.5 494.8 286.1 9.9 1.4 21.8 3.4Tajikistan S 83 120 .. 1.1 .. 105.9 .. 161.3 .. 7.8 .. 9.1Togo M .. .. 1.3 1.4 80.1 113.9 234.9 342.3 5.4 2.6 11.9 6.6Tunisia M 57 103 7.7 10.9 64.7 57.1 143.6 114.4 12.0 7.1 24.5 12.9Turkey M 80 208 49.4 115.1 32.5 78.8 246.9 231.4 4.9 15.3 29.4 40.0Turkmenistan M .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda M 21 162 2.6 3.7 61.1 67.2 828.6 562.0 3.4 0.9 58.9 7.4U.A.E .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Yemen Rep M 41 61 6.4 5.0 132.6 57.6 921.5 140.8 3.5 3.4 5.6 4.9

IDB MCs 54.2 119.3 378.3 571.7 50.6 60.6 149.6 128.1 6.2 7.4 23.1 16.5

Memo:

OIC Countries 55.1 120.8 413.7 608.8 51.4 61.2 143.1 122.0 6.5 7.4 23.1 16.4LDCs .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.2 3.0 .. ..Developing Countries .. .. 1,421.6 2,332.1 20.6 38.9 159.4 125.1 4.1 6.4 18.7 19.2Developed Countries .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..World .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Inde

btne

ss

Cat

egor

y

* S=severely indebted, M=moderatetely indebted, L=less indebted.

Table 3.15: Debt Indicators

69


Net Resource Flows Official development Net Foreign Direct

assistance and official aid Investment

(US $ million) (US $ million) (US $ million)

Country 1980 1990 2000 2001 1980 1990 2000 2001 1980 1990 2000 2001

Afghanistan 41 129 162 402 32 131 141 402 .. .. .. ..Albania .. 42 232 336 .. 11 319 269 .. 0 143 207Algeria 1,540 641 -384 552 183 262 162 182 349 0.3 438 1,196Azerbaijan .. .. 658 337 .. .. 139 226 .. .. 130 227Bahrain 89 119 1,502 -139 156 137 49 18 .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 1,290 2,167 1,250 637 1,281 2,095 1,171 1,024 9 3 280 78Benin 390 243 226 276 90 268 239 273 4 62 64 131Brunei -19 -7 -93 79 0.03 4 1 0.4 .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 226 347 343 396 212 331 336 389 0 0 23 26Cameroon 721 619 247 403 265 446 380 398 130 -113 31 75Chad 35 315 -225 186 35 314 131 179 0 9 15 80Comoros 44 45 -2 28 43 45 19 28 0 0.4 1 2Cote d'Ivoire 918 796 733 144 210 688 352 187 95 48 235 246Djibouti 73 192 91 71 73 194 71 55 0.2 0.1 3 3Egypt 2,352 3,311 3,242 2,800 1,385 5,437 1,328 1,255 548 734 1,235 510Gabon -30 263 77 -59 56 132 12 9 32 74 252 200Gambia 82 108 45 46 55 99 49 51 0 0 44 36Guinea 125 284 332 252 90 293 153 272 1 18 10 2Guinea-Bissau 62 135 84 58 59 129 80 59 0 2 23 30Indonesia 1,775 3,535 2,511 1,531 946 1,743 1,731 1,501 180 1,093 -4,550 -3,278Iran 497 702 1,250 2,269 29 105 130 115 81 -362 39 33Iraq 176 -1,039 129 142 12 63 101 122 .. .. .. ..Jordan 1,549 1,087 573 490 1,276 888 552 432 34 38 787 100Kazakhstan .. .. 812 1,795 .. .. 189 148 .. .. 1,283 2,763Kuwait 75 -135 57 437 10 6 3 4 0 .. 16 -39Kyrgyz Republic .. .. 223 160 .. .. 215 188 .. .. -2 5Lebanon 384 189 67 303 237 259 197 241 -12 7 298 249Libya 1,026 -40 -928 66 17 19 15 10 .. .. .. ..Malaysia 688 1,630 -441 1,701 135 469 45 27 934 2,333 3,788 554Maldives 21 38 11 32 21 21 19 25 0 6 13 12Mali 270 474 385 350 267 482 360 350 2 6 106 103Mauritania 221 219 211 242 176 237 212 262 27 7 9 30Morocco 1,318 1,620 586 377 899 1,049 419 517 89 165 201 2,658Mozambique 343 1,051 1,147 995 169 1,002 877 935 .. 9 139 480Niger 254 382 177 210 170 396 211 249 49 41 19 13Oman 282 100 82 -253 168 61 46 2 98 142 70 42Pakistan 1,421 1,718 227 1,801 1,183 1,129 703 1,938 64 245 308 383Palestine .. .. 774 869 .. .. 637 865 .. .. .. ..Qatar -55 14 -289 -74 1 2 0.5 1 .. .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 195 558 -956 520 15 40 31 27 .. .. .. ..Senegal 433 759 475 457 263 818 423 419 15 57 88 126Sierra-Leone 94 64 187 327 91 61 182 334 -19 32 5 4Somalia 518 488 109 149 433 494 104 149 0 6 0.3 -0.2Sudan 931 740 320 187 623 822 225 172 0 0 392 574Suriname 80 128 23 35 82 62 34 23 .. .. .. ..Syria 1,676 741 210 -1 1,701 683 158 153 0 72 270 205Tajikistan .. .. 137 140 .. .. 142 159 .. .. 22 22Togo 181 257 60 36 91 260 70 47 43 18 42 67Tunisia 390 620 665 730 232 393 223 378 235 76 752 457Turkey 1,871 2,054 8,064 2,584 953 1,219 325 167 18 684 982 3,266Turkmenistan .. .. 224 236 .. .. 32 72 .. .. .. ..Uganda 137 665 804 769 114 668 819 783 0 0 161 145United Arab Emirates 245 -168 -1,490 270 4 4 4 3 .. .. .. ..Yemen Republic 756 331 289 474 572 405 265 426 34 -131 -201 -205

IDB MCs 25,693 28,530 25,203 27,161 15,117 24,876 14,834 16,514 3,038 5,380 7,964 11,814

Memo:

OIC countries 26,938 28,859 23,731 28,800 15,195 25,303 15,312 16,954 2,300 5,976 9,035 13,046LDCs 11,251 17,494 12,125 13,315 8,723 16,752 12,450 13,384 397 293 3,484 3,923Developing Countries 82,928 83,176 133,040 128,185 33,499 57,855 50,328 51,680 5,258 24,103 160,645 171,693High Income C. 60 106 1,265 593 16 4 82 127 47,417 178,443 1,302,970 575,804World .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 52,675 202,547 1,463,610 747,496

Table 3.16: Net Financial Flows

70


Composite Institutional Euromoney Moody's Standard & Poor's

ICRG risk Investor country sovereign sovereign long

rating credit credit- long-term term debt rating

rating worthiness debt rating

rating % of gross Foreign Domestic Foreign Domestic

capital Repatriation of currency currency currency currencyformation Entry income capital December September September January January January January

1990 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2003

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. 6.9 1.6 .. .. .. ..Albania 0.0 25.9 .. .. .. 67.3 15.9 32.1 .. .. .. ..Algeria 0.0 8.2 .. .. .. 63.8 31.5 40.8 .. .. .. ..Azerbaijan .. 19.4 .. .. .. 67.3 26.8 42.7 .. .. .. ..BahrainBangladesh 0.1 0.7 F F F 61.3 27.3 38.5 .. .. .. ..Benin 23.8 28.8 .. .. .. .. 20.1 28.1 .. .. .. ..BruneiBurkina Faso 0.0 4.0 .. .. .. 58.3 18.8 30.2 .. .. .. ..Cameroon -5.7 5.0 .. .. .. 62.0 19.7 29.6 .. .. .. ..Chad 3.2 12.0 .. .. .. .. 14.8 23.5 .. .. .. ..ComorosCote d'Ivoire 6.7 23.9 F F F 51.8 18.5 30.0 .. .. .. ..DjiboutiEgypt 5.9 3.3 F F F 67.5 45.5 50.3 Ba1 Baa1 BB+ BBBGabon 5.7 15.1 .. .. .. 66.3 21.8 32.1 .. .. .. ..Gambia 0.0 50.8 .. .. .. 66.3 .. 31.9 .. .. .. ..Guinea 3.6 0.2 .. .. .. 63.0 15.1 28.2 .. .. .. ..Guinea-Bissau 2.7 69.7 .. .. .. 47.3 .. 22.5 .. .. .. ..Indonesia 3.1 -13.2 R RS RS 58.3 23.8 37.5 B3 B3 CCC+ B-Iran -1.1 0.1 .. .. .. 63.3 34.1 46.4 .. .. .. ..Iraq .. .. .. .. .. 44.0 10.2 3.6 .. .. .. ..Jordan 2.9 4.4 F F F 70.5 38.7 45.4 Ba3 Ba3 BB- BBB-Kazakhstan 1.2 47.9 .. .. .. 71.8 38.8 48.4 Baa3 Baa1 BB BB+Kuwait .. -1.4 .. .. .. 81.0 62.9 76.2 A2 A2 A+ A+Kyrgyz Rep. 0.0 2.0 .. .. .. .. 16.9 25.2 .. .. .. ..Lebanon 1.3 8.0 F F F 55.5 26.8 39.1 B2 B3 B- B-Libya .. .. .. .. .. 70.0 33.5 24.0 .. .. .. ..Malaysia 16.4 2.2 R F D 77.5 57.7 63.0 Baa1 A3 BBB+ A+MaldivesMali 1.0 18.4 .. .. .. 58.3 19.1 28.3 .. .. .. ..Mauritania 3.3 11.2 .. .. .. .. .. 24.5 .. .. .. ..Morocco 2.5 31.6 F F F 72.8 48.2 53.6 Ba1 Ba1 BB BBBMozambique 2.4 32.0 .. .. .. 61.3 19.1 32.7 .. .. .. ..Niger 20.3 5.9 .. .. .. 57.5 13.6 30.6 .. .. .. ..Oman 10.3 .. F F F 79.8 57.8 62.7 Baa2 Baa2 BBB BBB+Pakistan 3.2 4.1 F F F 58.5 20.0 38.9 B3 B3 B BB-Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..QatarSaudi Arabia .. .. C RS RS 72.5 58.0 65.8 Baa3 Ba1 .. ..Senegal 7.2 13.5 .. .. .. 65.5 27.8 38.5 .. .. B+ B+Sierra Leone 49 7 6 8 52 3 9 6 21 8

Foreign

direct

investment

Entry and Exit

regulationsa

Table 3.17: Investment Climate

71


Domestic

credit to

private

sector

Water

Telecommunications Energy Transport and sanitation

% of GDP $ millions $ millions $ millions $ millions1990 2001 1990-95 1996-2001 1990-95 1996-2001 1990-95 1996-2001 1990-95 1996-2001

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Albania .. 5.9 .. 165.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..Algeria 44.4 8.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Azerbaijan 10.8 5.0 14.0 144.6 .. 230.0 .. .. .. ..Bahrain .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Bangladesh 16.7 26.7 146.0 533.5 .. 1,040.2 .. .. .. ..Benin 20.3 11.1 .. 90.4 .. .. .. .. .. ..Brunei .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso 19.0 13.6 .. 35.6 .. 5.6 .. .. .. ..Cameroon 26.7 9.6 .. 266.1 .. 70.4 30.8 95.0 .. ..Chad 7.3 3.7 .. 11.6 .. .. .. .. .. ..Comoros .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Cote d'Ivoire 36.5 15.9 .. 827.4 147.2 223.0 .. 178.0 .. ..DjiboutiEgypt 30.6 61.6 .. 2,550.0 .. 1,378.0 .. 1,057.2 .. ..Gabon 13.0 11.8 .. 26.0 .. 624.8 .. 46.7 .. ..Gambia 11.0 14.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Guinea 3.5 3.8 45.0 75.3 36.4 .. .. .. .. ..Guinea-Bissau 22.0 3.0 .. .. 23.2 .. .. .. .. ..Indonesia 46.9 20.5 3,549.0 7,780.0 3,202.5 7,347.1 1,204.9 1,728.0 3.8 882.8 Iran 32.5 33.4 5.0 23.0 .. .. .. .. .. ..Iraq .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Jordan 72.3 75.5 43.0 732.9 .. .. .. 182.0 .. 55.0 Kazakhstan .. 15.8 30.0 1,849.5 .. 2,125.0 .. .. .. 40.0 Kuwait 52.1 69.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Kyrgyz Rep. .. 3.8 .. 94.0 .. .. .. .. .. ..Lebanon 79.4 90.9 100.0 273.0 .. .. .. 200.0 .. ..Libya 31.0 23.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Malaysia 69.4 149.2 2,630.0 2,603.3 6,909.5 2,121.1 4,657.6 7,603.2 3,986.7 1,105.5 Maldives .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Mali 12.8 17.8 .. .. 0.1 697.3 .. .. .. ..Mauritania 43.5 27.1 .. 99.6 .. .. .. .. .. ..Morocco 34.0 54.0 .. 3,643.0 2,300.0 5,819.9 .. .. .. ..Mozambique 17.6 2.5 .. 29.0 .. .. .. 432.0 .. 0.6 Niger 12.3 4.6 .. 18.0 .. .. .. .. .. ..Oman 22.9 36.9 .. .. 204.5 728.3 .. 106.1 .. ..Pakistan 27.7 28.4 602.0 173.0 3,417.3 2,519.7 299.6 118.7 .. ..Palestine .. .. 65.0 90.0 .. 150.0 .. .. .. ..Qatar .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. ..Saudi Arabia 61.0 55.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Senegal 26.5 19.4 .. 406.8 .. 124.0 .. .. .. 3.7 Sierra-Leone 3.2 2.3 .. 20.5 .. .. .. .. .. ..Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan 4 8 3 1 6 0

Investment in infrastructure projects with private participation

Table 3.18: Private Sector Development

72

Part III: EXTERNAL ECONOMIC INDICATORS

Country Loan Leasing Installment Equity Combined lines Profit Sharing Istisna’a Investment Technical Assistance

Sale of financing (Musharaka) (TA)

AfghanistanAlbania 38.45 3.62 0.58Algeria 30.36 92.89 204.93 3.00 87.98 3.92Azerbaijan 44.13 9.27 1.30Bahrain 7.98 150.53 13.97 35.08 24.61 54.83 0.50Bangladesh 174.82 54.56 3.11 2.55 7.04 0.60Benin 66.08 6.80 4.24Brunei 31.87 3.88Burkina 124.53 5.42 7.32Cameroon 71.98 10.20 8.76 8.00 2.54Chad 61.33 2.88Comoros 15.64 1.58Cote d'Ivoire 6.31Djibouti 14.97 5.52 0.50 1.10Egypt 35.46 252.04 144.30 3.54 10.00 1.31Gabon 21.95 39.30 21.07 2.16Gambia 38.33 0.43 2.15Guinea 126.47 13.29 6.37 7.04Guinea - 2.73 1.27Indonesia 77.00 40.00 147.35 19.28 26.44 0.08Iran 51.00 73.91 9.12 27.50 118.51 1.30Iraq 22.31 52.76 25.68 31.17 0.10Jordan 42.16 215.30 65.14 32.90 22.70 3.55Kazakhstan 19.15 4.86 11.00 15.00 1.01Kuwait 52.30 1.46 45.63 24.03 1.00Kyrgyz Rep 31.84 5.37 0.92Lebanon 38.90 126.30 52.12 123.09 0.68Libya 146.25 96.90 1.98Malaysia 27.87 81.41 148.18 6.92 55.00 54.75 0.19Maldives 27.46 5.34 0.82Mali 120.89 5.55Mauritania 96.37 7.67 9.13Morocco 67.12 3.53 72.17 21.96 2.17 3.06 107.07 1.92Mozambique 41.27 0.26Niger 41.42 2.53 9.54 5.94Oman 25.08 216.99 51.87 3.34 60.29 1.69Pakistan 49.67 146.47 87.77 20.26 8.60 3.75 36.85 1.01Palestine 27.34 0.35 2.05Qatar 23.69 26.18 14.61 14.00 35.20 0.08Saudi Arabia 6.86 112.22 17.68 4.28 30.90 22.74 1.40Senegal 122.56 9.31 9.45 14.47 5.20 6.56Sierra Leone 22.96 2.34 3.35Somalia 12.50 4.00 3.50 1.54Sudan 115.09 61.29 11.75 6.10 11.00 1.67Suriname 3.50 0.11Syria 34.87 172.52 25.65 0.20Tajikistan 46.13 1.39Togo 25.47 1.80 0.54Tunisia 69.21 32.46 101.12 20.86 62.78 0.64Turkey 51.65 218.31 153.18 33.93 45.00 70.23 2.16 3.25Turkmenistan 14.00 27.59 13.15 0.19U.A.E 10.07 4.01 15.78 17.86 25.08 0.62Uganda 8.88 9.90 11.50 1.91Yemen Rep. 110.69 7.30 5.19 4.34 5.18Regional 15.45 6.00 13.60Special Prog. 25.34 37.12Non-MCs 9.10 0.07

NET APPROVALs 2,281.70 2,384.86 1,656.89 395.86 202.43 93.35 905.74 185.71 121.92

GROSS APPROVALs 2,374.70 3,002.18 2,026.47 442.86 279.67 103.65 973.80 187.8553471 128.11

* Figures are net cancellation and include ICD, UIF, IBP, APIF and Treasury Operations.

Table 3.19a: Net Approvals of IDB Group by financing modes expressed in ID million

for the period 1396H-1423H (1 January 1976 -- 3 March 2003) *

73


Country Loan Leasing Installment Equity Combined lines Profit Sharing Istisna’a Investment Tech.

Sale of financing (Musharaka) Ass. (TA)

AfghanistanAlbania 52.64 5.00 0.81Algeria 34.89 123.64 277.47 4.17 112.34 5.10Azerbaijan 60.36 12.52 1.79Bahrain 9.43 199.43 18.86 45.45 31.26 74.125 0.67Bangladesh 234.21 67.75 4.36 3.19 9.25 0.81Benin 86.54 9.20 4.93Brunei 40.00 5.17Burkina 163.95 6.60 8.71Cameroon 91.94 13.69 10.63 10.53 3.10Chad 79.84 3.69Comoros 20.14 1.97Cote d'Ivoire 8.20Djibouti 18.68 7.18 0.69 1.33Egypt 45.20 352.55 189.20 4.85 10.00 1.74Gabon 27.77 51.79 28.10 2.96Gambia 50.56 0.60 2.78Guinea 163.45 18.00 7.68 9.03Guinea - 3.21 1.54Indonesia 100.72 57.92 204.27 24.50 35.63 0.11Iran 71.35 98.79 12.50 36.75 158.11 1.71Iraq 23.86 72.44 34.86 41.06 0.15Jordan 52.90 287.33 84.94 41.49 30.30 4.65Kazakhstan 26.09 6.50 14.70 20.00 1.36Kuwait 72.00 2.00 63.33 33.06 1.39Kyrgyz Rep 43.61 8.00 1.26Lebanon 52.19 173.81 70.53 161.33 0.88Libya 197.10 121.64 2.60Malaysia 33.04 110.68 190.82 8.46 68.85 75 0.26Maldives 36.80 7.00 1.02Mali 155.24 6.90Mauritania 121.62 10.00 11.78Morocco 86.00 4.52 98.18 25.66 2.73 3.31 138.01 2.54Mozambique 56.27 0.37Niger 48.51 3.04 11.87 7.28Oman 30.04 288.84 65.78 4.00 77.49 2.21Pakistan 60.98 198.09 117.80 26.05 11.27 5.00 50 1.33Palestine 36.70 0.50 2.94Qatar 33.69 34.60 20.00 18.40 49.10 0.11Saudi Arabia 9.60 147.69 23.96 5.60 41.93 30.82 1.92Senegal 158.16 9.80 13.22 18.85 6.52 7.88Sierra Leone 28.66 3.00 3.84Somalia 15.27 5.24 4.35 1.90Sudan 154.44 77.69 15.81 7.50 14.58 2.20Suriname 4.88 0.15Syria 44.96 225.75 34.30 0.28Tajikistan 61.35 1.87Togo 34.04 2.40 0.71Tunisia 84.09 42.56 132.92 24.85 80.01 0.86Turkey 63.76 281.40 197.03 41.15 60.50 90.24 3 4.19Turkmenistan 19.20 36.87 17.41 0.27U.A.E 13.00 5.50 19.34 23.50 33.90 0.81Uganda 11.08 13.22 13.50 2.20Yemen Rep. 138.65 10.00 7.02 5.84 6.28Regional 21.50 8.10 18.32Special Programme 35.00 50Non-MCs 12.42 0.10NET APPROVALs 2,943.68 3,190.68 2,195.38 509.25 260.89 124.55 1,186.11 252.13 155.57

GROSS APPROVAls 3,057.35 3,983.11 2,677.82 568.97 351.62 138.75 1,277.60 255.13 163.33


Table 3.19b: Net Approvals of IDB Group by financing modes expressed in US$

million for the period 1396H-1423H (1 January 1976 -- 3 March 2003)

74


Country Loan Leasing Installment Equity Combined lines Profit Sharing Istisna’a Investment Tech.

Sale of financing (Musharaka) Ass. (TA)

AfghanistanAlbania 8 2 4Algeria 5 10 20 1 4 7Azerbaijan 6 1 7Bahrain 2 11 1 9 1 20 3Bangladesh 32 7 1 5 2 2Benin 18 1 11Brunei 2 1Burkina Faso 30 2 13Cameroon 13 1 2 1 7Chad 21 13Comoros 6 5Cote d'Ivoire 1Djibouti 9 2 3 5Egypt 6 14 13 1 1 6Gabon 5 4 2 4Gambia 16 1 11Guinea 30 2 3 18Guinea-Bissau 3 6Indonesia 15 5 17 5 3 2Iran 3 6 1 3 6 2Iraq 3 6 4 4 1Jordan 9 17 7 8 2 11Kazakhstan 3 2 1 1 5Kuwait 5 2 2 2 4Kyrgyz Rep 6 1 5Lebanon 7 12 5 7 5Libya 7 8 1Malaysia 4 3 8 2 4 4 2Maldives 12 1 6Mali 29 18Mauritania 25 1 22Morocco 13 1 7 6 1 1 4 9Mozambique 10 2Niger 13 1 3 17Oman 5 15 5 2 3 5Pakistan 10 11 9 9 2 1 1 5Palestine 11 1 7Qatar 2 4 2 1 2 1Saudi Arabia 1 8 3 1 1 4 10Senegal 26 2 1 3 1 15Sierra Leone 10 1 12Somalia 4 1 1 6Sudan 30 6 2 2 1 10Suriname 1 1Syria 8 12 4 1Tajikistan 9 7Togo 5 1 2Tunisia 15 5 15 6 3 4Turkey 5 25 18 24 2 4 1 2Turkmenistan 2 4 1 1U.A.E 3 2 4 2 4 5Uganda 3 2 2 6Yemen Rep. 22 1 2 4 16Regional 3 1 48Special Programme 3 1Non-MCs 3 1NET APPROVALs 527 196 184 122 22 8 61 27 399

GROSS APPROVALs 550 262 231 133 36 9 65 28 429


Table 3.19c: Number of Projects Approved by IDB Group by financing

modes for the period 1396H-1423H (1 January 1976 -- 3 March 2003)

75

Part III: EXTERNAL ECONOMIC INDICATIORS

Country T r a d e F i n a n c i n g Waqf

Fund

EFS ITFO UIF IBP APIF Treasury oper. ICD

Afghanistan 7.34Albania 0.96Algeria 7.71 1463.35 17.79 2.91Azerbaijan 1.51Bahrain 19.24 39.50 30.77Bangladesh 4.81 1304.89 40.01 38.08 19.92 28.41Benin 16.52 1.29BruneiBurkina 8.61 8.13Cameroon 1.34Chad 9.86Comoros 5.93 0.73Cote d'Ivoire 0.95Djibouti 1.42Egypt 65.52 535.34 15.18 128.79 0.93GabonGambia 11.87 1.65Guinea 37.93 5.99Guinea-Bissau 11.59 1.12Indonesia 9.21 357.57 19.12 38.91 1.46 0.16Iran 4.45 530.54 1.15 30.38 9.16Iraq 263.77 39.58 22.48 2.02Jordan 18.48 546.00 6.95 0.20Kazakhstan 6.05 0.58Kuwait 64.17 44.23 6.47Kyrgyz Rep 1.05Lebanon 13.35 77.97 17.52 0.73 5.26Libya 6.77 228.45 2.90Malaysia 52.26 98.75 8.81Maldives 3.10Mali 6.11 13.32Mauritania 20.42 9.08Morocco 29.91 965.20 75.20 19.92 1.04Mozambique 1.77Niger 89.04 7.65Oman 32.57 0.38Pakistan 20.90 2377.44 154.21 742.45 6.33Palestine 38.85Qatar 3.86Saudi Arabia 213.14 158.25 3.65 63.17 0.36 0.11Senegal 77.22 12.67Sierra Leone 2.37Somalia 36.06 4.38Sudan 2.24 124.11 4.55 18.15Suriname 7.39 0.13Syria 0.35 84.00 0.20Tajikistan 0.43Togo 1.37Tunisia 81.13 552.18 2.19 4.50 3.27Turkey 181.74 1572.88 41.88 205.15 17.26Turkmenistan 0.23U.A.E 85.00 44.53 1.59 0.64Uganda 10.62 0.72 2.67Yemen Rep. 345.03 6.99Regional 25.41Special Programme 14.85Non-MCs 147.33NET APPROVALs 880.38 12,098.87 315.82 1,414.62 2.83 70.22 0.36 432.50

GROSS APPROVAL 1,160.31 13,555.66 315.82 1,530.64 2.83 70.22 0.36 432.50

Table 3.20a: Net Trade Approvals and Waqf Fund Operations of IDB Group by financing windows

expressed in ID million for the period 1396H-1423H (1 January 1976 -- 3 March 2003)

76

Part III: EXTERNAL ECONOMIC INDICATIORS

Grand Total

7.3443.61

1,914.8456.21

377.001,678.80

94.9335.75

154.00102.8274.0723.877.26

23.511,192.41

84.4854.44

197.0816.70

736.58857.01459.87953.3757.65

239.2939.17

455.92483.25534.1336.72

145.87142.66

1,370.2743.30

156.12392.20

3,655.7168.58

117.62634.76257.4431.0361.98

355.9511.13

317.7847.9629.17

930.332,596.62

55.17205.1846.19

484.7160.4677.31

156.5023,444.05

26,587.62

76


Country T r a d e F i n a n c i n g Waqf

Fund Grand Total


Afghanistan 9.76 9.76Albania 1.30 59.74Algeria 10.00 1847.10 24.30 3.85 2,442.85Azerbaijan 1.99 76.66Bahrain 26.00 50.00 42.00 497.22Bangladesh 6.44 1632.32 52.50 51.00 25.00 35.05 2,121.88Benin 20.00 1.40 122.08Brunei 45.17Burkina 11.25 8.64 199.15Cameroon 1.74 131.63Chad 10.75 94.27Comoros 7.50 0.88 30.49Cote d'Ivoire 1.25 9.45Djibouti 1.87 29.76Egypt 84.62 702.84 20.00 169.00 1.20 1,581.19Gabon 110.63Gambia 14.04 1.83 69.82Guinea 48.80 7.59 254.55Guinea-Bissau 15.00 1.25 21.00Indonesia 12.50 479.00 25.00 52.50 2.00 0.22 994.36Iran 6.00 708.00 1.50 38.55 12.00 1,145.26Iraq 299.77 50.00 29.00 2.65 553.80Jordan 24.90 651.13 9.50 0.25 1,187.38Kazakhstan 8.00 0.79 77.44Kuwait 83.48 60.00 7.51 322.77Kyrgyz Rep. 1.47 54.34Lebanon 17.27 103.50 24.00 1.00 7.29 611.80Libya 9.14 297.52 3.75 631.75Malaysia 73.01 131.48 11.45 703.05Maldives 4.00 48.83Mali 7.97 14.28 184.38Mauritania 24.50 10.17 178.06Morocco 39.66 1233.00 103.90 25.00 1.30 1,763.81Mozambique 2.23 58.86Niger 108.35 8.57 187.61Oman 42.00 0.50 510.86Pakistan 30.00 3081.50 213.85 1040.69 8.47 4,845.02Palestine 49.74 89.87Qatar 5.00 160.89Saudi Arabia 283.80 203.19 5.00 83.06 0.46 0.13 837.16Senegal 98.50 13.94 326.87Sierra Leone 3.00 38.49Somalia 46.20 5.79 78.75Sudan 3.07 160.96 6.00 21.61 463.86Suriname 10.00 0.19 15.22Syria 0.48 92.31 0.25 398.33Tajikistan 0.59 63.81Togo 1.70 38.84Tunisia 106.88 708.29 3.00 6.35 4.20 1,194.01Turkey 250.95 2010.08 56.60 280.30 20.71 3,359.91Turkmenistan 0.33 74.08U.A.E 108.00 57.70 2.00 0.80 264.55Uganda 12.96 0.93 3.42 57.31Yemen Rep. 409.62 8.45 585.86Regional 33.66 81.58Special Programme 20.00 105.00Non-MCs 189.29 201.81NET APPROVALs 1,176.20 15,403.38 425.95 1,946.03 3.80 88.55 0.46 540.21 30,402.81

GROSS APPROVALs 1,564.50 17,370.29 425.95 2,106.55 3.80 88.55 0.46 540.21 34,573.97

Table 3.20b: Net Trade Approvals and Waqf Fund Operations of IDB Group by financing

windows expressed in US$ million for the period 1396H-1423H (1 January 1976 -- 3 March

2003)

77


Country T r a d e F i n a n c i n g Waqf Grand

Fund Total


Afghanistan 16 16Albania 2 16Algeria 1 185 5 7 245Azerbaijan 4 18Bahrain 5 2 3 57Bangladesh 4 80 4 3 1 9 150Benin 4 1 35Brunei 3Burkina 2 8 55Cameroon 3 27Chad 10 44Comoros 3 2 16Cote d'Ivoire 6 7Djibouti 8 27Egypt 14 58 3 11 3 130Gabon 15Gambia 7 4 39Guinea 6 5 64Guinea-Bissau 2 3 14Indonesia 4 11 2 2 1 1 68Iran 1 59 1 1 4 87Iraq 34 5 5 5 67Jordan 7 51 1 1 114Kazakhstan 2 4 18Kuwait 5 3 4 27Kyrgyz Rep. 3 15Lebanon 2 7 1 1 17 64Libya 2 9 2 29Malaysia 20 19 5 71Maldives 1 20Mali 1 6 54Mauritania 3 5 56Morocco 18 75 9 1 3 148Mozambique 5 17Niger 14 11 59Oman 3 2 40Pakistan 2 156 26 37 5 274Palestine 36 55Qatar 1 13Saudi 37 10 1 11 1 2 90Senegal 12 6 66Sierra Leone 3 26Somalia 4 15 31Sudan 2 12 3 14 82Suriname 1 2 5Syria 1 10 1 37Tajikistan 4 20Togo 2 10Tunisia 26 108 1 5 4 192Turkey 54 152 13 32 6 338Turkmenistan 2 10U.A.E 8 4 1 1 34Uganda 4 1 5 23Yemen Rep. 37 7 89Regional 77 129Special Programme 1 5Non-MCs 612 616NET 213 1152 55 132 3 3 1 972 4077

GROSS 296 1364 55 174 3 3 1 972 4611

Table 3.20c: Number of Net Trade Approvals and Waqf Fund Operations of IDB Group by

financing windows expressed in US$ million for the period 1396H-1423H (1 January 1976 -

- 3 March 2003)

78

TECHNICAL NOTE

1

81

Technical Note

The purpose of this technical note, following the lead of the World Bank's World Development Indicators (WDI), is to state some of the statistical estimation procedures used in the Statistical Monograph.

In calculating statistical aggregates, the following rules were used:

• Aggregate data for IDB are either totals or weighted averages.

• No aggregate values are calculated if missing data account for more than a third of the number of observations in a given year.

• Aggregates of ratios are calculated as weighted averages of the ratios using the value of the denominator as weight. Most often the average indicated for IDB is weighted according to the relative share of the countries in the group total for that indicator.

• Aggregate growth rates are calculated using exponential trend function. The resulting growth rates reflect trends that are not unduly influenced by exceptional values. Except where specifically noted growth rates of values are computed from constant price series.

• Aggregates for income groups (such as LDCs, High Income Countries, Developed countries, and the World) are taken directly from the source of data, except for OIC countries which were computed by IDB staff.

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