Islam. The Five Pillars of Islam The Testimony of Faith - Shahadah Ritual Prayer -Salat Alms -Zakat...
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Transcript of Islam. The Five Pillars of Islam The Testimony of Faith - Shahadah Ritual Prayer -Salat Alms -Zakat...
Islam
The Five Pillars of Islam The Testimony of Faith -
Shahadah Ritual Prayer -Salat Alms -Zakat Fasting -Ramadan -
Sawm Pilgrimage -Hajj
The Testimony of Faith There is only one God -
Allah Muhammad is His
prophet Muhammad is not the
father of any of your men, but he is the messenger of God and the Seal of the Prophets. And God has full knowledge of all things.” Qur’an: 33:40
Ritual Prayer Five daily prayers
Between dawn and sunrise -Fajr After midday -Dhuhr Midway between midday and
sunset -Asr Right after sunset -Maghrib Approximately one hour after
sunset -Isha’a Face Mecca Self Cleansing -wudhu Must be in Arabic
Alms 2.5% of one’s capital in excess of one’s basic
needs given to the poor. Voluntary charity (sadaqah) beyond 2.5% gains
favor.
Fasting No eating, drinking, smoking,
unruly thoughts, or engaging in sexual intercourse from dawn to sunset during the month of Ramadan, the ninth month in the Islamic calendar (September 23rd - October 22nd in the calendar most of us know and use).
Exceptions: Pre-pubescent Children (under 13), pregnant women, and the sick.
Pilgrimage During the month of Zul
Hijjah (December 22, 2006 - January 21, 2007)
Arrive in Jeddah and walk to Mecca (about miles)
Obligatory for every Muslim who has the ability
Exceptions: Ill health or debt.
Jihad Struggle for Allah
Internal—Struggle against self
External - Holy war Only defensive
actions can be used.
Misunderstood and misused concept in Islam by some
History of Islam Arabia - 7th century C.E. Muhammad (570-632 CE)
Born in outskirts of Mecca Orphaned at an early age Became a merchant trader Married a wealthy widow Around 40 years old, experienced a
“divine revelation” through the arch angel Gabriel in a cave outside Mecca
God’s final revelation to mankind. Not preaching new religion only
reaffirming God’s message that Jews and Christians had violated.
Sunni and Shi’a 85% Sunni, 15% Shi’a approximately Question of leadership (Caliph) upon
Muhammad’s death Sunni Muslims believe the Caliph
that is most capable should lead the faith
Iran, Iraq (Kurds), Yemen, Bahrain, Syria, and Lebanon
Shi’a Muslims believe the Caliph should descend from Muhammad’s own family
Ali - Muhammad’s cousin/son-in-law
Iraq (minus Kurds), Bahrain, Azerbaijan, Syria, Pakistan, Turkey, Yemen.
The Big Picture Religion’s effect
on the world Theocratic States
UAE, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Yemen, and Iran
Sharia – Sacred law of Islam
The spread of Islam