Islam and Christianity [English]

7/29/2019 Islam and Christianity [English]

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@fhihft Hitfdlvi Sudaieftinms Mn; 64

IUAFOfmj

E@TIUZIFMIZY@slym @iaoi Ih

Gnurtllmt` Ljitinm

@fhhft HitdlviJfrlglhf Efj.


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ENMZLMZUSFTZ; NML

IUAFO FMJ E@TIUZIFMIZYSrlgfel.......................................................................................................5

6. Dlailg im Faaf`s lxistlmel........................................................... Jn t`ly mnt suggiel tns`nw `nw brlft fmj pnwlrgua t`l Erlftnr is> Enmslqulmtay, tìsumivlrsl, ng wìe` wl sll nmay f vlry timy pfrt, `fs f Erlftnrwit` vlry sudaiol pnwlrs, R`n efm lstfdais` it, fmj R`no nuroimjs frl gfr tnn wlfh tn brfsp. Zìs Erlftnr oust dlume`fmbimb fmj ltlrmfa. Rl, Ousaios, efaa tìs Erlftnr Faaùtfa. Z`l dfsis ng Isafo is tn dlailvl im Faaù tfa fmj @isfttridutls.

R`lm wl annh frnumj us enmseilmtinusay fmj w`lm wl rlfjdnnhs jlseridimb t`l ìstnry ng gnrolr tiols, wl sll t`ft snoltìmbs elfsl tn lxist wìal nt`lr tìmbs enol imtn dlimb. Nurfmelstnrs, fmeilmt plnpal, fs wlaa fs t`lir duiajimbs fmj eitils,elfslj tn lxist. Fmj fgtlr us, nt`lrs wiaa enol imtn dlimb.Feenrjimb tn seilmtigie hmnwaljbl, t`lrl frl gnrels fggletimbt`lsl trlolmjnus e`fmbls. Z`nsl w`n jisdlailvl Faaù tfasfy, Z`lsl frl faa jnml dy Mfturl. Lvlrytìmb is erlftlj dy t`lgnrels ng Mfturl. Ig wl fsh t`lo, @fvl t`l pfrts ng fm

futnondial dllm drnub`t tnblt`lr dy t`l gnrels ng Mfturl> @fvlt`ly dllm `lfplj tnblt`lr aihl f pial ng ruddis` wìe` `fs dllmdrnub`t tnblt`lr dy ganwimb wftlr wit` t`l lgglets ng wfvlsstrihimb grno tìs jirletinm fmj t`ft> jnls f efr onvl wit` t`llxlrtinm ng t`l gnrels ng Mfturl> Riaa t`ly mnt soial fmj sfy,Ng enursl, it is iopnssidal. Z`l efr is f wnrh ng frt, wìe` fmuodlr ng plnpal `fvl duiat dy wnrhimb tnblt`lr strlmunusayfmj dy usimb faa t`lir olmtfa fdiaitils tn jlsibm it. Z`l efr is

nplrftlj dy f jrivlr w`n jrivls it efrlguaay, usimb ìs oimj fmjndlyimb t`l trfggie afws> Aihlwisl, lvlry dlimb im mfturl is fasnf wnrh ng frt. F alfg is fm fstnumjimb gfetnry. F brfim ng sfmj nrf aivimb elaa is fm lxìditinm ng giml frt, wìe` seilmel `fslxpanrlj tn nmay f sofaa lxtlmt tnjfy. R`ft wl dnfst fdnut fs fseilmtigie gimjimb fmj feenopaisòlmt tnjfy is t`l rlsuat ng fmfdiaity tn sll fmj enpy f glw ng t`lsl giml frts im mfturl. LvlmJfrwim,X6_ t`l Dritis` seilmtist w`no Isafos fjvlrsfrils prlslmtfs t`lir alfjlr, `fj tn fjoit; R`lmlvlr I tìmh ng t`l strueturlng t`l lyl, I glla fs ig I wiaa bn ofj. Enuaj f plrsnm w`n wnuaj

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X6_ Jfrwim, jilj im 6499 (6004 F.J.).


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mnt fjoit t`ft f efr is ofjl dy e`fmel, dy t`l gnrels ng mfturl, sfyt`ft mfturl `fs erlftlj tìs umivlrsl, wìe` is lmtirlay f wnrh ngfrt> Ng enursl, `l enuaj mnt. U`nuaj `l mnt dlailvl t`ft it `fsdllm ofjl dy f erlftnr w`n `fs efaeuaftinm, jlsibm, hmnwaljbl,fmj imgimitl pnwlr> Is it mnt ibmnrfmel fmj ijiney tn sfy; Mfturl

`fs erlftlj it, nr it `fs enol imtn dlimb dy e`fmel>Z`l wnrjs ng t`nsl w`n sfy t`ft faa t`lsl enumtalss dlimbserlftlj dy Faaù tfa wit` sue` lxpaieit nrjlr fmj `fronmylxist dy e`fmel frl ibmnrfmt fmj enmtrfry tn pnsitivl seilmel. Gnrlxfopal; Alt us put tlm plddals muodlrlj grno nml tn tlm im fdfb. Alt us t`lm tfhl t`lo nut ng t`l dfb nml dy nml wit` nur`fmj, tryimb tn tfhl t`lo nut sueelssivlay, t`ft is, muodlr nmlgirst, muodlr twn slenmj, fmj gimfaay muodlr tlm afst. Ig fmy

plddal tfhlm nut jnls mnt gnaanw tìs muolriefa nrjlr, faa t`lplddals tfhlm nut sn gfr wiaa dl put dfeh imtn t`l dfb, fmj wl s`faa`fvl tn try fbfim dlbimmimb wit` muodlr nml girst. Z`l prndfdiaityng tfhimb nut tlm plddals sueelssivlay im muolriefa nrjlr is nml imtlm diaainm. Z`lrlgnrl, simel t`l prndfdiaity ng jrfwimb tlmplddals im muolriefa nrjlr is lxtrlolay anw, it is surlay iopnssidalt`ft immuolrfdal himjs ng nrjlrs im t`l umivlrsl efol imtnlxistlmel nmay dy e`fmel.

Ig f plrsnm w`n jnls mnt hmnw `nw tn typl prlssls nm t`l hlysng f typwritlr, alts sfy, givl tiols ft rfmjno, tn w`ft lxtlmtwnuaj it dl pnssidal gnr t`l rlsuatimb givl-alttlr wnrj tn lxprlsssnol olfmimb im Lmbais` nr fmy nt`lr afmbufbl> Ig `l wfmtlj tntypl f slmtlmel dy prlssimb nm t`l hlys `lljalssay, enuaj `l typlf olfmimbgua slmtlmel> Mnw, ig f pfbl nr f dnnh wlrl tn dlgnrolj dy prlssimb nm t`l hlys efsufaay, enuaj f plrsnm dl efaaljimtlaaiblmt ig `l lxpletlj t`l dnnh nr t`l pfbl tn `fvl f elrtfimtnpie dy e`fmel>

Zìmbs elfsl tn lxist faa t`l tiol, wìal nt`lr tìmbs enol imtndlimb nut ng t`lo. @nwlvlr, feenrjimb tn t`l aftlst hmnwaljbl ime`loistry, nml ùmjrlj fmj givl lalolmts mlvlr elfsl tn lxist8e`fmbls nmay tfhl pafel im t`lir laletrnmie strueturls. Tfjin-fetivl lvlmts `fvl fasn s`nwm t`ft lalolmts, fmj lvlm t`lirftnos, elfsl tn lxist, fmj t`ft ofttlr, turms imtn lmlrby. Im gfet,t`l Blrofm p`ysieist Limstlim efaeuaftlj t`l oft`loftiefagnrouaf gnr tìs enmvlrsinm.

Z`l gfet t`ft tìmbs fmj sudstfmels `fvl dllm e`fmbimb fmjissuimb grno nml fmnt`lr enmtimunusay jnls mnt olfm t`ftlxistlmel, itslag, enols grno pfst ltlrmity. Im nt`lr wnrjs, nml

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efmmnt sfy, Un it `fs dllm, fmj sn it wiaa dl. Z`lsl e`fmbls jn`fvl f dlbimmimb. Zn sfy t`ft t`l e`fmbls `fvl f dlbimmimb olfmst`ft t`l sudstfmels enoimb imtn dlimb `fvl f dlbimmimb, wìe` imturm olfms t`ft faa ng t`lo `fvl dllm erlftlj grno mntìmb wìalmntìmb lxistlj. Ig t`l sudstfmels wlrl mnt girst erlftlj nut ng

mntìmb fmj ig t`lir issuimb grno nml fmnt`lr wlmt gfr dfeh imtnltlrmity, tìs umivlrsl wnuaj mlelssfriay dl mnmlxistlmt mnw. Z`llxistlmel ng t`l umivlrsl im t`l ltlrmfa pfst wnuaj rlquirl t`l prl-lxistlmel ng nt`lr dlimbs tn drimb it fdnut, fmj t`nsl dlimbs, imturm, wnuaj rlquirl nt`lrs tn prl-lxist sn t`ft t`ly enuaj enolimtn dlimb. Z`l lxistlmel ng t`l afttlr is jlplmjlmt upnm t`llxistlmel ng t`l gnrolr. Ig t`l gnrolr jnls mnt lxist, t`l afttlr wiaamnt lxist, lit`lr. Ltlrmity im t`l pfst olfms wit`nut f dlbimmimb.Zn sfy t`ft snoltìmb lxistlj im t`l ltlrmfa pfst olfms tn sfy t`ft

t`l girst dlimb, t`ft is, t`l dlbimmimb jij mnt lxist. Ig t`l girst dlimbjij mnt lxist t`l afttlr dlimbs enuaj mnt lxist, fmj enmslqulmtaymntìmb enuaj lxist. Im nt`lr wnrjs, t`lrl enuaj mnt dl f slrils ngdlimbs rlquirimb t`l prl-lxistlmel ng nt`lrs gnr t`lir nwmlxistlmel. Z`lrlgnrl, faa ng t`lo wnuaj mlelssfriay dlmnmlxistlmt.

@lmel, it `fs dllm umjlrstnnj t`ft t`l prlslmt lxistlmel ngt`l umivlrsl imjieftls t`ft it `fs mnt lxistlj simel pfst ltlrmity,

fmj t`ft t`lrl lxistlj f girst dlimb, wìe` `fj dllm erlftlj nut ngmntìmb. Im nt`lr wnrjs, wl `fvl tn feelpt t`l gfet t`ft dlimbs`fvl dllm erlftlj nut ng mntìmb fmj t`ft tnjfys dlimbs frl t`lrlsuat ng f sueelssinm ng dlimbs enoimb grno t`nsl girst dlimbs.

Z`nsl jlmyimb Faaù tfa fmj fsslrtimb t`ft lvlrytìmbefol imtn dlimb dy itslag t`rnub` mfturl, sfy, It is writtlm im faarlaibinus dnnhs t`ft t`l lfrt` wfs erlftlj im six jfys. Dut rlelmtrlslfre`, pfrtieuafray t`l imtrieftl efaeuaftinms jnml wit` rfjin-

isntnpls, `fs s`nwm t`ft t`l lfrt` efol imtn dlimb diaainms ngylfrs fbn. Z`lsl wnrjs ofhl mn slmsl ft faa simel t`l lfrt`senoimb imtn dlimb diaainms ng ylfrs fbn jnls mnt dlfr fmyiopaieftinms enmelrmimb `nw anmb it tnnh gnr erlftinm. R`ftenuaj t`l six jfys writtlm im `nay dnnhs `fvl tn jn wit` tnjfystwlmty-gnur-`nur jfy> Z`l twlmty-gnur-`nur jfy is f umit usljdy olm. Rl jn mnt hmnw `nw anmb t`l jfy olmtinmlj im t`l `naydnnhs is. It ofy dl t`ft lfe` ng t`nsl six jfys wfs f blnanbiefa

plrinj t`ft afstlj ofmy elmturils feenrjimb tn t`l umits wl usltnjfy. Z`l `nay olfmimb ng t`l gigt` vlrsl ng Urft fs-Ufkjf imt`l Vurm fa-hlro is; ... Zn @io, nm f jfy, t`l spfel w`lrlngwiaa dl f t`nusfmj ylfrs ng ynur rlehnmimb. (54-


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Didal Dut, dlanvlj, dl mnt ibmnrfmt ng tìs nml tìmb, t`ft nmljfy is wit` t`l Anrj fs f t`nusfmj ylfrs, fmj f t`nusfmj ylfrs fsnml jfy. (4 Slt; 5-0)

Rl efmmnt hmnw w`lm jfo (fafiì s-sfao), t`l girstùofm dlimb fmj Srnp`lt, wfs erlftlj. Rl efmmnt eafio t`ft ofm

`fs dllm nm t`l lfrt` simel t`l vlry jfy ng its erlftinm. R`ft wlhmnw is t`ft ofm efol imtn dlimb wit` Faaù tfas enoofmjfmj erlftinm. It is iopnssidal tn tfhl it gnr brfmtlj t`ft t`lMlfmjlrt`fa ofm, wìe` is prlsuolj tn dl t`l girst ofmfeenrjimb tn Jfrwims t`lnry ng lvnautinm, `fs brfjufaayjlvlanplj imtn tnjfys ofm. Im gfet, it is iaanbiefa tn prnglss, fssnol plnpal jn, t`ft ofm wfs nribimfaay qufjruplj fmj ofmfbljtn stfmj up nmay fgtlr slvlrfa elmturils. It is iopnssidal gnr sue` fprioitivl dlimb tn `fvl rlfe`lj its prlslmt stftl ng plrgletinm.

Z`lrlgnrl, wl `fvl tn fjoit t`ft t`nsl qufjruplj spleils wlrlmnt ùofm dlimbs, fmj t`ft t`ly oust `fvl dllm snol nt`lr himjsng erlfturls, wìe` dlefol lxtimet tnblt`lr wit` ofmy nt`lrfmeilmt erlfturls. Faa rlaibinus dnnhs stftl t`ft t`l girst ofm wfs`nonsfpilms, t`ft is, f dlimb t`ft enuaj wfah nm twn gllt fmjenuaj tìmh. Fmj imjllj, fs wl `fvl stftlj fdnvl, lvlm Jfrwim`fs mnt dllm fdal tn prnvl t`ft f qufjruplj dlimb wit` mnjistimetinm grno fm fmiofa enuaj `fvl lvnavlj imtn tnjfys ofm.

Faa t`l rlvlfalj rlaibinus dnnhs olmtinm @fjrft jfo(fafiì s-sfao) fs t`l girst ofm. @l is sfij tn `fvl panub`ljwit` fm nx, snwm slljs, duiat ìs `nusl, fmj rlelivlj tlm pfbls ngwfìy (rlvlaftinm). It oust dl dlailvlj t`ft `l, t`l girst ofm,w`n wfs efpfdal ng tfoimb efttal, duiajimb f `nusl gnr ìoslagimstlfj ng aivimb im f efvl, fmj wfs fdal tn rlelivl wfìy, efol tnlfrt` fgtlr `fvimb enopaltlj ìs jlvlanpolmt, fmj t`ft `lt`lrlgnrl `fj mn rlaftinmsìp wit` qufjruplj erlfturls aivimb imefvls.

F Ousaio girst fjoits wit` faa ìs `lfrt t`ft Faaù tfalxists, t`ft @l is sudaiol, t`ft @l is nml, t`ft @l wfs mnt dnrm fmjjnls mnt bivl dirt`, fmj t`ft @l is ltlrmfa fmj ume`fmbimb. Zìsdlailg is t`l girst primeipal ng Isafo.

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STNS@LZU, TLAIBINMU, fmj DNNHUR`lm Faaù tfa erlftlj ofm, @l brfmtlj ìo fqa(imtlaalet) fmj t`l pnwlr ng oimj fmj t`nub`t. Isafoie se`nafrs(rfìofùo-Faaù tfa)X6_ efaalj ofm @fywm-i mtqX4_ fmjt`l lxprlssinm im Efrtlsifm pìansnp`y, I tìmh, t`lrlgnrl I fo,ealfray lxprlssls tìs gfet.

Z`l ofknr gfetnrs jistimbuisìmb ofm grno nt`lr erlfturls frl;@l `fs f snua dlsijls ìs dnjy8 `l efm tìmh, fsslss faa lvlmts wit`

ìs oimj8 `l efm jleijl dy usimb ìs oimj fmj efrry nut ìsjleisinms8 `l efm jistimbuis` bnnj grno lvia8 fmj `l efm rlfaizl ìslrrnrs fmj rlplmt gnr t`lo, fmj sn gnrt`. Dut t`l qulstinm is; Efmofm usl tìs onst pnwlrgua wlfpnm bivlm tn ìo wit`nut f buijl,nr efm `l gimj t`l rib`t pft` fmj umjlrstfmj Faaù tfa dyìoslag>

F rltrnspletivl vilw ng ìstnry wiaa s`nw us t`ft w`lm algtfanml wit` mn buijfmel grno Faaù tfa, olm `fvl fawfys

jlviftlj imtn jlblmlrftl pft`s. \simb ìs oimj, ofm t`nub`t ngt`l Nomipntlmt, w`n erlftlj ìo, dut `l enuaj mnt gimj t`l wfyalfjimb tn Faaù tfa. Z`nsl w`n jij mnt `lfr fdnut t`lSrnp`lts slmt dy Faaù tfa girst annhlj gnr t`l Erlftnr frnumjt`loslavls. Z`l sum, dlimb t`l onst uslgua tìmb tn olm,prnvnhlj snol olm tn tìmh t`ft it wfs t`l erlftivl pnwlr, fmj,t`lrlgnrl, t`ly dlbfm tn wnrsìp it. Aftlr nm, fs `l sfw t`l brlftgnrels ng mfturl, sue` fs, f bfal, f girl, f gurinus slf, f vnaefmn fmj

t`l aihl, `l t`nub`t t`ly wlrl fssistfmts tn t`l Erlftnr. @lfttloptlj tn syodnaizl lfe` ng t`lo. Zìs, im turm, bfvl dirt` tnijnas. @l jrlfjlj t`lir wrft` fmj sferigielj fmiofas tn t`lo.\mgnrtumftlay, `l lvlm sferigielj ùofm dlimbs tn t`lo. Lvlrymlw lvlmt imspirlj f mlw ijna, imerlfsimb t`l muodlr ng ijnassyodnaizimb lvlmts. R`lm Isafo girst brfelj t`l lfrt` t`lrl wlrlt`rll ùmjrlj fmj sixty ijnas im t`l Hfdf. Im s`nrt, ofm, dyìoslag, efm mlvlr umjlrstfmj Faaù tfa, t`l wnrajs rlfa

Erlftnr, t`l Nml, fmj t`l Ltlrmfa. Lvlm tnjfy, t`lrl frl stiaa

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X6_ Tfìof`-Faaù tfa; Ofy Faaf`s olrey dl upnm t`lo.X4_ @fyvm mtih; Erlftinm w ie` is fdal tn splfh.


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plnpal w`n jligy t`l sum, fs wlaa fs girl. Zìs s`nuaj mnt dlfofzimb, dlefusl wit`nut f buijl, f aib`t, nml efmmnt gimj t`lrib`t wfy im jfrhmlss. It is jleafrlj im t`l 6Efmmnt nml gimj t`l rib`t wfy fmj dlenol f bnnj Ousaio dyrlfjimb Isafos dnnh, t`l Vurm fa-hlro, fmj dy stujyimb t`l@fjt` fs-s`lrg> Zìs prlsuoptinm is gfasl. F plrsnm w`n `fsmn hmnwaljbl fdnut t`l gumjfolmtfas ng t`l rlaibinm efmmnt

prnplray enoprl`lmj t`l jllp olfmimbs im t`l Vurm fa-hlro.Lvlm t`l onst plrglet ftàltl wiaa annh gnr f trfimlr w`lm `lprlpfrls tn eaiod f ìb` onumtfim. F dib gfetnry lopanys ofstlrwnrholm fmj gnrlolm, fs wlaa fs lmbimllrs. F wnrhlr w`ndlbims tn wnrh im sue` f gfetnry alfrms t`l dfsie fsplets ng ìs kndgirst grno tìs ofstlr wnrhofm fmj t`lm grno ìs gnrlofm. Ig `ltrils tn sll t`l eìlg lmbimllr dlgnrl alfrmimb t`lo, `l wiaa mntumjlrstfmj fmytìmb grno t`l lmbimllrs wnrjs fmj efaeuaftinms.

Lvlm t`l dlst bum lxplrt efmmnt enrrletay usl f mlw bum bivlm tnìo umalss `l is girst tfub`t `nw tn usl it. It is gnr tìs rlfsnm t`ftim ofttlrs plrtfimimb tn rlaibinm fmj dlailg, dlsijls t`l Vurmfa-hlro fmj t`l @fjt` fs`-s`lrgs, wl s`nuaj utiaizl t`l wnrhs

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ng t`nsl brlft rlaibinus se`nafrs w`no wl efaa Oursìj-i hoia(plrglet buijl). Z`l ìb`lst nmls ng t`l oursìj-i hoias imIsafo frl t`l ioos (alfjlrs) ng t`l gnur ofj``fds. Z`ly frl fa-Ioo fa-fzfo Fd @fmgf, fa-Ioo fs`-U`fgi, Ioo OaihX6_

fmj Ioo Fòfj dim @fmdfa (rfòftuaaì fafiìo fkofm).

Z`lsl gnur ioos frl Isafos gnur piaafrs. Rl `fvl tn rlfj t`ldnnhs ng nml ng t`lo tn alfrm t`l enrrlet olfmimbs ng t`lVurm fa-hlro fmj t`l @fjt` fs-s`lrg. Z`nusfmjs ng se`nafrs`fvl lxpafimlj t`l dnnhs ng lfe` ng t`lo. @l w`n rlfjs t`lsllxpafmftinms wiaa umjlrstfmj t`l Isafoie rlaibinm enrrletay fmjwlaa. Z`l dlailgs rlvlfalj im faa t`lsl dnnhs frl t`l sfol. Zìsenrrlet dlailg is efaalj t`l dlailg ng t`l Fà-fs-summf. Z`nsldlailgs wìe` wlrl ofjl up aftlr fmj enmgaietlj wit` t`l Fà-fs-summf dlailgs frl efaalj dijf nr jfaaf (jlviftinm). Z`l

enoonm primeipals im faa rlaibinms drnub`t dy faa prnp`lts simeljfo (fafi s-sfao) frl t`l primeipals ng dlailg. Faaù tffaf`fs mnt wiaalj jigglrlmels im erljfa primeipals. Im t`l 6 Ng enursl, `l wiaa bn tn fm np`t`faonanbist fmjgimj nut its eurl. Aihlwisl, `l w`n annhs gnr f rloljy tn sfvl ìsgfit` fmj dlailg oust rlsnrt tn f rlaibinm spleifaist, mnt f afwylr, foft`loftieifm, f mlwspfplr, nr f onvil.

Zn dl f rlaibinus se`nafr nml oust `fvl f bnnj hmnwaljbl ngenmtlopnrfry seilmels8 dl f brfjuftl ng dnt` seilmel fmj alttlrs,fmj `fvl f ofstlrs fmj jnetnrs jlbrlls im dnt`8 hmnw t`lVurm fa-hlro fmj its olfmimbs dy `lfrt8 hmnw t`nusfmjs ng`fjt`s fmj t`lir olfmimbs dy `lfrt8 dl spleifaizlj im t`l twlmtyofim drfme`ls ng Isafoie hmnwaljbl fmj hmnw t`lir lib`tysudjivisinmfa drfme`ls fs wlaa8 dl guaay hmnwaljblfdal fdnut t`lsudtaltils im t`l gnur ofj``fds8 rlfe` t`l brfjl ng ikti`j imt`nsl drfme`ls ng hmnwaljbl fmj rlfe` f stfbl ng plrgletinmefaalj Riayft-i H`ssf-i Ou`foofjiyyf, wìe` is t`l ìb`lst

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X6_ Ofaih dim Lmls pfsslj fwfy im Oljimf im 629 (29< F.J.)


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brfjl im Zfsfwwug.It is faonst iopnssidal gnr fm ibmnrfmt plrsnm w`n is quitl

umenmseinus ng ìs iaamlss fmj t`l oljieiml gnr t`l iaamlss im ìs`lfrt tn pieh nut t`l fpprnpriftl `fjt`s gnr ìoslag grno t`lt`nusfmjs ng `fjt`s. Isafoie se`nafrs, dlimb spleifaists ng t`l

`lfrt fmj snua, efm lxtrfet fmj writl jnwm t`l rib`t oljieiml gnrt`l snua nut ng t`lsl `fjt`s fmj rlenoolmj it feenrjimb tn t`lmfturl ng t`l plrsnm im oimj. Nur Srnp`lt (sfaa-Faaù fafiì wfsfaafo) is aihl t`l eìlg jnetnr w`n prlpfrls ùmjrljs ngt`nusfmjs ng oljieimls gnr t`l wnraj p`frofey, fmj t`l Fwaiyfmj uafo frl aihl fssistfmt jnetnrs umjlr ìs enoofmj w`njistridutl t`lsl rlfjy oljieimls feenrjimb tn t`l prndalos ng t`lpftilmts. Uimel wl jn mnt hmnw nur iaamlss nr its oljieiml, ig wlfttlopt tn e`nnsl f oljieiml gnr nur iaamlss nut ng t`l ùmjrljsng t`nusfmjs ng `fjt`s, it ofy `fvl fm faalrbie lgglet nm us,fmj, tùs, wl ofy `fvl tn ftnml gnr dlimb ibmnrfmt dy sugglrimbrft`lr t`fm dlmlgittimb. Fs f ofttlr ng gfet, f `fjt` jleafrls; @lw`n, usimb ìs rlfsnm fmj hmnwaljbl, imtlrprlts t`l Vurm fa-hlro feenrjimb tn ìs nwm umjlrstfmjimb, Xw`n gfdrieftlsimtlrprltftinms t`ft jisfbrll wit` w`ft t`l Fà fs-Uummf se`nafrswrntl dfslj nm nur Srnp`lt (sfaa-Faaù fafiì wf sfaafo) fmjUf`dftfa-hiro (rfjiy-Faaù tfa fmùo fkofm)_ dlenols f

jisdlailvlr. Dlimb umfwfrl ng tìs sudtalty, a-ofj``fd (mnm-ofj``fditl) plnpal prnìdit us grno rlfjimb t`l dnnhs ng t`lFà-fs-summf sfvfmts (rfìofùouaaù tfa) dy sfyimb,Lvlrynml s`nuaj rlfj t`l Vurm fmj `fjt`s ìoslag fmj alfrmìs gfit` grno t`lo. Z`ly s`nuaj mnt rlfj t`l dnnhs ng t`lofj``fds. Im gfet, t`lir fdsurjity `fs bnml sn gfr t`ft t`ly `fvldlbum tn efaa t`l hmnwaljbl im t`nsl dnnhs pnayt`liso fmjjisdlailg. Z`l gfet, `nwlvlr, is t`ft dy jnimb sn t`ly `fvl dllm

prlvlmtimb plnpal grno alfrmimb Isafos vlry lsslmel fmj,t`lrldy, efusimb brlft `fro imstlfj ng dlimb `lapgua.Mnw alts tfah fdnut t`l jigglrlmt rlaibinms. Znjfy, t`lrl frl

t`rll ofknr rlaibinms nm t`l lfrt` enmvlyimb t`l lxistlmel ng fsimbal Erlftnr.

6. K\JFIUO; Z`l Klwis` rlaibinm is t`l rlaibinm ng plnpalw`n dlailvlj im @fjrft Onsls (Ousf), fmj plnpal w`n `fvlsurvivlj up tn tnjfy grno t`l jlselmjfmts ng t`lsl dlailvlrs.

@fjrft Idrìo (fafiìs-sfao) wfs t`l gft`lr ng @fjrft Is`q(fafiìs-sfao), w`n wfs t`l gft`lr ng @fjrft Yfqd (fafiì s-sfao). @fjrft Yfqds (fafiì s-sfao) fatlrmftl mfol wfsIsra (Isrfla). Isra olfms Fdjuaaf` fmj Fdjuaaf` olfms

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Faaf`s safvl. Z`lrlgnrl, jlselmjfmts ng @fjrft Yfqds(fafiì s-sfao) twlavl snms frl efaalj Dlm Isra (Unms ngIsrfla). @fjrft Os (fafiì s-sfao) wfs f brlft prnp`lt. @lwfs fssibmlj tn t`l Dlm Isra. Z`lir pnpuaftinm imerlfslj imLbypt. Z`ly wnrsìpplj jlvntljay. Dut, t`ly wlrl sudkletlj tn

npprlssinm fmj jlbrfjimb trlftolmt. Feenrjimb tn snol snurels,`l wfs dnrm im Lbypt 623< ylfrs dlgnrl s (fafiì s-sfao). @laivlj im S`frfn`s pfafel umtia `l wfs gnrty. Fgtlr dlenoimbfequfimtlj wit` ìs rlaftivls, `l onvlj tn t`l eity ng Ofjyfm.Z`lrl `l ofrrilj t`l jfub`tlr ng Uùfyd (fafiì s-sfafo).Aftlr nm, `l slt ngg dfeh tn Lbypt. Nm ìs wfy, `l spnhl wit`Faaù tfa nm t`l Onumt ng Zur (Uimf). @l is lstioftlj tn `fvljilj snol tiol frnumj t`l ylfr 674< D.E. @fjrft Osf (fafiìs-sfao) tnnh t`l Dlm Isra nut ng Lbypt. @l spnhl wit` Faaùtfa fbfim nm Onumt Zur. @l wfs brfmtlj t`l tlmenoofmjolmts dy Faaù tfa. @l enooumieftlj tn t`l DlmIsra t`l Fwoir Fs`frf (t`l tlm enoofmjolmts.) @l fasn triljtn imstiaa im t`lo t`l dlailg t`ft t`lrl is nmay nml Faaf`. @lenmvlylj tn t`lo t`l Zfwrt (Znrf`) rlvlfalj dy Faaù tfa.Dut `l enuaj mnt tfhl t`lo tn t`l pafels prnoislj tn t`lo. Z`lDlm Isra wlrl mlvlr fdal tn umjlrstfmj ìs jiviml imkumetinms.Z`l stftl ng Fssyrif (sr) imvfjlj Klrusfalo twiel dlgnrl t`l

fjvlmt ng s (fafiì s-sfao), fmj Fmjrifm, f Tnofm Loplrnr,im 65< F.J. ofssferlj onst ng t`l Klws im Klrusfalo. Z`lydurmlj t`lir enpils ng t`l Znrf`8 fs f rlsuat, t`l Znrf` wfs anst.Fs tiol pfsslj, t`l Klws dlefol onrl enrrupt. Z`ly jivijljimtn slvlmty-nml slets. Z`ly fatlrlj fmj jlgialj t`l Znrf`. Z`lywrntl f dnnh ng rlaibinm lmtitalj t`l Zfaoj wìe` `fs twn pfrts;Ois`mf fmj Bforf. Z`l dnnh Ozm-a Olvzm prnvls,dlynmj f jnudt, t`ft t`l dnnhs im t`l `fmjs ng tnjfys Klws fmj

E`ristifms t`ft frl jleafrlj tn dl t`l Znrf` fmj t`l Didal frl mntFaaù tfas wnrj (hfao). Z`l dnnh Ozm-a Olvzm is imSlrsifm. Nm its 4


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im Klrusfalo fmj im Ddla (Dfdyanm), rlspletivlay. Z`l mfolBforf wfs bivlm tn t`nsl enoolmtfrils. Lfe` nml ng t`l twnBforf dnnhs wfs put imtn f simbal dnnh wit` t`l Ois`mf fmjbivlm t`l mfol Zfaoj. Z`l dnnh enmtfimimb t`l Bforf writtlmim Klrusfalo fmj t`l Ois`mf is efaalj t`l Zfaoj ng Klrusfalo.

Z`l nt`lr dnnh enmtfimimb t`l Bforf writtlm im Ddla fmj t`lOis`mf is efaalj t`l Zfaoj ng Dfdla. E`ristifms s`nw dittlr`nstiaity tn t`lsl t`rll dnnhs. Nml ng t`l rlfsnms gnr t`lir`nstiaity is t`ft t`ly dlailvl t`ft nml ng t`l olm w`nenooumieftlj t`l Ois`mf wfs U`foum, f dlfrlr ng t`l ernsswìe` wfs uslj tn erueigy Klsus E`rist. Im t`l dnnh Zfaoj, t`lrlfrl snol tìmbs wìe` frl `laj fs trul dy Ousaios. Gnr tìsrlfsnm. E`ristifms jlmy Isafo fs wlaa. Klwis` plnpal efaa t`lirolm ng rlaibinm @f`fo. Fa-Ylzr is t`l snm ng Uùfid (fafiìs-sfao). Z`l Klws fttfe` fs oue` iopnrtfmel tn t`l Zfaoj fst`ly jn tn t`l Znrf`.

4. E@TIUZIFMIZY; @fjrft s (Klsus Xfafiì s-sfao_) is fùofm dlimb aihl us w`n wfs dnrm grno f virbim wnofm mfoljOfry (Ofryfo). Zìs gfet is ealfray mfrrftlj im t`l Vurm fa-hlro, wìe` fasn rlglrs tn t`l T`-ua-Vujs (t`l @nay B`nst).Dut, enmtrfry tn w`ft E`ristifms tìmh, its olfmimb is mnt t`ft@fjrft s (Klsus) is t`l snm ng Bnj. Z`l tlro T`-ua-Vujs

syodnaizls t`l gfet t`ft Faaù tfa `fs bivlm t`l Snwlr ngLxfatlj Ufvinr tn @fjrft s. s (fafiì s-sfao) trilj tnenmvimel t`l Klws t`ft t`ly wlrl im fdlrrftinm fmj t`ft t`l rib`twfy wfs t`l nml s`nwm dy ìo. Dut, t`l Klws ofimtfimlj t`lprlsuoptinm t`ft t`l sfvinr t`ly `fj dllm lxpletimb wnuaj dl fvlry slvlrl, `frs`, gilrel, fmj umyilajimb plrsnm. Z`ly jij mntdlailvl im @fjrft s. Zìmhimb `l wfs f gfhl prnp`lt, t`lyprnvnhlj t`l Tnofms fbfimst ìo, fmj, fs t`ly dlailvlj, `fj

ìo erueigilj. XZ`l Isafoie rlaibinm stftls t`ft t`l plrsnmerueigilj wfs mnt Klsus, dut `l wfs Fs`fryut Yfùjf (Kujfs),w`n `fj snaj Klsus tn t`l Tnofms gnr f sofaa suo ng onmly._Tlelmt stujils jnml dy E`ristifm se`nafrs `fvl s`nwm t`ft Klsuswfs faivl w`lm `l wfs tfhlm jnwm grno t`l ernss. Im 6920, fplrsnm mfolj Kn`m Tldfm pudais`lj f dnnh fdnut tìs ofttlrwìe` fpplfrlj nm t`l dlstslaalrs aist. It is stiaa mnt hmnwm w`ftlgglet tìs rlslfre` wiaa `fvl. Dut it `fs farlfjy jlstrnylj t`l

suppnsitinm t`ft @fjrft s (fafiìs-sfao) jilj nm t`l ernssfmj Gft`lr-Bnj sferigielj @is nmay snm gnr t`l ftnmlolmt ngsimmlrs. Z`lrlgnrl, E`ristifm ìstnrifms frl nm t`lir wfy tnrlmjlrimb jlvfstftimb danws fbfimst t`l eùre`. Z`l Klws

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lxpletlj t`l trul Olssif` (Ols`) tn enol snnm. Dut, fs stftlj dyf gfonus Klwis` ìstnrifm se`nafr; Rl `fvl dllm wfitimb gnr twnt`nusfmj ylfrs, dut stiaa mn sfvinr `fs enol. It sllos t`ft @fjrfts wfs t`l trul Olssif`. Rl jij mnt fpprleiftl ìo, fmj wlefuslj t`ft brlft prnp`lt, w`n `fj enol fs nur sfvinr, tn dl

erueigilj.F dnnh lmtitalj t`l Imkia wfs rlvlfalj tn @fjrft s. Dut t`lKlws lrfjieftlj t`l dnnh witìm lib`ty ylfrs. Z`l @nay Didalwìe` fpplfrlj aftlr fmj is mnw enmsijlrlj t`l E`ristifms `naydnnh slmt dy Faaù tfa enmsists ng twn pfrts. Z`l NajZlstfolmt enmtfims t`l jisplmsftinms ng Srnp`lts t`ft `fjfpplfrlj dlgnrl @fjrft s, pfrtieuafray t`l Onsfiejisplmsftinm. Z`l Mlw Zlstfolmt imeaujls t`l gnur dnnhswrittlm dy ìs gnaanwlrs Oftt`lw, Ofrh, Auhl fmj ìs fpnstalKn`m t`ft enmtfim imgnroftinm fdnut t`l aigl ng Klsus, ìs jlljsfmj fjonmitinms. Z`l brlft strimblmey ndslrvlj im t`l rlenrjimbng t`l Vurm fa-hlro wfs mnt ndslrvlj im t`l prlpfrftinm ng t`lDidal. Ofmy wrnmb t`nub`ts, gfdals, fmj siaay tfals wlrl fjjlj tnt`l trut`. Z`lrl is jltfialj imgnroftinm fdnut t`l Didal im t`lFrfdie dnnhs Tisaf-i Ufosoiyyf dy prnglssnr `ki Fdjuaaf`Fdji Dly grno Ofmfstr (j. 6535/600


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e`fmel im t`l ylfr 505 fmj hlpt it im `is pfpfa aidrfry. \mtia t`lylfr 995 (6


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aivlt`, I fo mnt fdal tn gnrbivl sim, mnr is fmy ofm, dut Bnj fanmlgnrbivlt`.

Z`l slvlmty-slenmj e`fptlr sfys; Fs gnr ol, I fo mnw enoltn t`l wnraj tn prlpfrl t`l wfy gnr t`l olsslmblr ng Bnj, w`ns`faa drimb sfavftinm tn t`l wnraj. Dut dlwfrl t`ft yl dl mnt

jlelivlj, gnr ofmy gfasl prnp`lts s`faa enol, w`n s`faa tfhl oywnrjs fmj enmtfoimftl oy bnspla. Z`lm sfij Fmjrlw; Ofstlr,tlaa us snol sibm, t`ft wl ofy hmnw ìo. Klsus fmswlrlj; @l wiaamnt enol im ynur tiol, dut wiaa enol snol ylfrs fgtlr ynu, w`lmoy bnspla s`faa dl fmmuaalj, imsnoue` t`ft t`lrl s`faa dl sefrelaytìrty gfit`gua. Ft t`ft tiol Bnj wiaa `fvl olrey nm t`l wnraj, fmjsn @l wiaa slmj ìs rlfa olsslmblr, nvlr w`nsl `lfj wiaa rlst fwìtl eanuj. @l s`faa enol wit` brlft pnwlr fbfimst t`l umbnjay,fmj s`faa jlstrny ijnaftry upnm t`l lfrt`, fmj pumis` t`lijnaftlrs. Fmj it rlknielt` ol dlefusl t`ft t`rnub` ìo nur Bnjs`faa dl hmnwm fmj banrigilj, fmj I s`faa dl hmnwm tn dl trul8 fmj`l wiaa lxleutl vlmblfmel fbfimst t`nsl w`n s`faa sfy t`ft I foonrl t`fm ofm...

Im t`l mimlty-sixt` e`fptlr it writls; Klsus fmswlrlj; I fo mntt`l Olssif`, w`no faa t`l tridls ng t`l lfrt` lxplet, lvlm fs Bnjprnoislj tn nur gft`lr Fdrf`fo. Dut w`lm Bnj s`faa tfhl olfwfy grno t`l wnraj, Uftfm wiaa rfisl fbfim tìs feeurslj sljitinm,

dy ofhimb t`l iopinus dlailvl t`ft I fo Bnj fmj snm ng Bnj.R`lmel oy wnrjs fmj oy jnetriml s`faa dl enmtfoimftlj,imsnoue` t`ft sefrelay s`faa t`lrl rlofim tìrty gfit`gua nmls8w`lrlupnm Bnj wiaa `fvl olrey upnm t`l wnraj, fmj wiaa slmj@is olsslmblr gnr w`no @l `ft` ofjl faa tìmbs8 w`n s`faa enolgrno t`l snut` wit` pnwlr, fmj s`faa jlstrny t`l ijnas wit` t`lijnaftlrs8 w`n s`faa tfhl fwfy t`l jnoiminm grno Uftfm wìe` `l`ft` nvlr olm. @l s`faa drimb wit` ìo t`l olrey ng Bnj gnr t`l

sfavftinm ng t`lo t`ft s`faa dlailvl im ìo, fmj dalsslj is `l w`ns`faa dlailvl ìs wnrjs. Grno t`l mimlty-slvlmt` e`fptlr; Z`lm sfij t`l prilst; @nw

s`faa t`l Olssif` dl efaalj fmj w`ft sibm s`faa rlvlfa ìsenoimb> Klsus fmswlrlj; Z`l mfol ng t`l Olssif` isfjoirfdal, gnr Bnj ìoslag bfvl ìo t`l mfol w`lm @l `fjerlftlj ìs snua, fmj pafelj it im f elalstifa spalmjnur. Bnj sfij;Rfit On`foolj8 gnr t`y sfhl I wiaa tn erlftl pfrfjisl, t`l

wnraj, fmj f brlft ouatitujl ng erlfturls, w`lrlng I ofhl t`ll fprlslmt, imsnoue` t`ft w`nsn s`faa dalss t`ll s`faa dl dalsslj,fmj w`nsns`faa eursl t`ll s`faa dl feeurslj. R`lm I s`faa slmjt`ll imtn t`l wnraj I s`faa slmj t`ll fs oy olsslmblr ng

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sfavftinm, fmj t`y wnrj s`faa dl trul, imsnoue` t`ft `lfvlm fmjlfrt` s`faa gfia, dut t`y gfit` s`faa mlvlr gfia. Fòfj is ìs dalssljmfol. Z`lm t`l ernwj aigtlj up t`lir vniels, sfyimb; N Bnj, slmjus t`y olsslmblr8 N Fòfj enol quiehay gnr t`l sfavftinm ng t`lwnraj!

Z`l ùmjrlj fmj twlmty-lib`t` e`fptlr stftls; Feenrjimbay,drlt`rlm, I, f ofm, just fmj eafy, t`ft wfah upnm t`l lfrt`, sfyumtn ynu; Jn plmfmel fmj hmnw ynur sims. I sfy, drlt`lrm, t`ftUftfm, dy olfms ng t`l Tnofm snajilry, jlelivlj ynu w`lm ylsfij t`ft I wfs Bnj. R`lrlgnrl, dlwfrl t`ft yl dlailvl t`lo mnt,sllimb t`ly frl umjlr t`l eursl ng Bnj.

Grno t`l ùmjrlj fmj tìrty-sixt` e`fptlr; Zìs e`fptlr, fgtlrbivimb imgnroftinm fdnut @laa, tlaas `nw @fjrft Ou`foofj

(fafiì s-sfao) wiaa sfvl ìs gnaanwlrs grno @laa.Grno t`l ùmjrlj fmj sixty-tìrj e`fptlr; Z`l jiseipalsfmswlrlj; N ofstlr, w`n s`faa t`ft ofm dl ng w`no t`nusplfhlst, w`n s`faa enol imtn t`l wnraj> Klsus fmswlrlj wit` knyng `lfrt. @l is Fòfj, olsslmblr ng Bnj, fmj w`lm `l enoltìmtn t`l wnraj, lvlm fs t`l rfim ofhlt` t`l lfrt` tn dlfr gruitw`lm gnr f anmb tiol it `ft` mnt rfimlj, lvlm sn s`faa `l dl fmneefsinm gnr bnnj wnrhs fonmb olm, t`rnub` t`l fdumjfmt

olrey wìe` `l s`faa drimb. Gnr `l is f wìtl eanuj guaa ng t`lolrey ng Bnj, wìe` olrey ng Bnj s`faa sprimhal upnm t`lgfit`gua aihl rfim.

Z`l Bnspla ng Dfrmfdfs bivls t`l gnaanwimb imgnroftinm fdnutt`l afst jfys ng @fjrft s (fafiì s-sfao), e`fptlrs 46


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enmvlrsinm ng simmlrs. @l turmlj tn ìs jiseipals fmj sfij; OfyBnjs brfel fmj olrey dl wit` ynu. Z`lm dlgnrl t`lir lyls t`lgnur fmblas efrrilj ìo up imtn `lfvlm.

Fs it is sllm, Dfrmfdfs Didal imgnros us fdnut t`l fjvlmt ngt`l afst Srnp`lt (fafiì s-sfao), six ùmjrlj nr f t`nusfmj

ylfrs dlgnrl ìs enoimb, fmj olmtinms nmay nml Bnj. It rlkletsZrimity.Lurnplfm lmeyeanpljifs bivl t`l gnaanwimb imgnroftinm fdnut

Dfrmfdfs Didal; F ofmuseript, imtrnjuelj fs Dfrmfdfs Didal,dut f gfasl dnnh writtlm dy fm Itfaifm w`n wfs enmvlrtlj tn Isafoim t`l gigtllmt` elmtury.

Zìs lxpafmftinm is tntfaay wrnmb, im t`l aib`t ng t`l gnaanwimbimgnroftinm; Dfrmfdfs Didal wfs lxenooumieftlj fmj

fmmiìaftlj im t`l tìrj elmtury, i.l., t`rll ùmjrlj nr slvlmùmjrlj ylfrs dlgnrl @fjrft Ou`foofjs (fafiì s-sfao)enoimb. Zìs olfms tn sfy t`ft lvlm im t`nsl tiols t`lrl wlrljisenursls nm t`l fjvlmt ng fmnt`lr Srnp`lt, wìe` enmtrfjietljt`l enmelpt ng t`rll bnjs fmj wìe` jij mnt suit t`l dibntry nggfmftiefa E`ristifms. Onrlnvlr, gnr it tn `fvl dllm writtlm dy fplrsnm w`n `fj dllm enmvlrtlj tn Isafo dlgnrl its dlbimmimb isnut ng t`l qulstinm. Nm t`l nt`lr `fmj, t`l Itfaifm trfmsaftnr GrfOfrimn wfs f Eft`naie onmh, fmj wl `fvl mn prnngs ft `fmj tneafio t`ft `l `fj dllm enmvlrtlj tn Isafo. Z`lrlgnrl, f ontivlefmmnt dl gnumj gnr ìo tn `fvl trfmsaftlj t`l Didal jigglrlmtaygrno its nribimfa. It s`nuaj mnt dl gnrbnttlm t`ft anmb fbn, t`ft is,dltwllm t`l E`ristifm ylfrs 533 fmj 54


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prilst, fpplfalj tn t`l Grlme`ofm Klfm Efavim (6


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tn t`l trut`. @l wiaa mnt uttlr ìs nwm wnrjs, dut wiaa tlaa w`ft isrlvlfalj, fmj `l wiaa imgnro ynu fdnut t`l tìmbs tn `fpplm im t`lguturl. @l wiaa enmgiro oy wfy fmj enooumieftl t`l sfol. Z`lwnrj `l im t`l pfssfbl fdnvl is imtlrprltlj im t`l trfmsaftinmsng t`l Didal fs B`nst nr @nay B`nst, w`lrlfs its Aftim nribim

writls it fs Sfrfealt wìe` olfms enmsnalr im Aftim. Zìsolfms tn sfy t`ft jlspitl faa t`lir lggnrts, t`ly `fvl mnt dllm fdaltn lrfsl t`l stftlolmt fgtlr ol f enmsnaimb plrsnm wiaa enolgrno t`l Didal. Onrlnvlr, it is stftlj im vlrsls 0 tn65 ng t`l 65tè`fptlr ng Z`l Girst Lpistal ng Sfua t`l Fpnstal tn t`lEnrimtìfms, wìe` is nml ng t`l alttlrs writtlm dy Sfua fmjfeelptlj fs f pfrt ng t`l @nay Didal dy E`ristifms; E`frity mlvlrgfialt`; dut w`lt`lr t`lrl dl prnp`leils, t`ly s`faa gfia8 w`lt`lrt`lrl dl tnmbuls, t`ly s`faa elfsl Xl.b. Aftim fmj naj Brllh_8w`lt`lr t`lrl dl hmnwaljbl, it s`faa vfmis` fwfy Xaihl t`ft ng t`lOijjal fbls_. Gnr wl hmnw im pfrt, fmj wl prnp`lsy im pfrt.Dut w`lm t`ft wìe` is plrglet is enol, t`lm t`ft wìe` is im pfrts`faa dl jnml fwfy. (6 Enr; 65-0 tn 63) Zìs lxfet lxelrpt lxistsnm t`l 9::t` pfbl ng t`l Zurhis` dnnh. Hitd- Ouhfjjls (@nayDidal). Z`lrlgnrl, E`ristifms `fvl tn dlailvl t`ft t`lrl frlrlpnrts fdnut t`l fjvlmt ng f gimfa Srnp`lt im tnjfys Didals,wìe` t`ly dlailvl tn dl trul dnnhs.

Fm Lmbais` trfmsaftinm ng t`l Bnspla ng Dfrmfdfs is fvfiafdalft t`l gnaanwimb tlm pafels. Z`nsl w`n wfmt tn rlfj it efm nrjlr itgrno nml ng t`lsl fjjrlssls;

6) Isafoie Dnnh Elmtrl, 643, Jruoonmj Utrllt, Anmjnm MR64@A, Lmbafmj. Zla; 36-500 32 63.

4) Ousaio Dnnh Ulrviel, Gnsis, 50, Ofplsdury Tnfj, AnmjnmMR4 :KJ, Lmbafmj. Zla; 36-:


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9) Ousaio Utujlmts Fssneiftinm ng \.U.F. & Efmfjf @.V.4


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Fgtlr E`ristifmity `fj dlenol t`l nggieifa rlaibinm ng vfrinusofknr stftls, t`lrl dlbfm t`l e`fntie plrinj ng t`l Oijjal Fbls.Z`l primeipals ng dlmlvnalmel, enopfssinm, fmj fggletinm wlrlenopaltlay gnrbnttlm. Im pafel ng t`lo, E`ristifms fjnptljdibntry, rlslmtolmt, `ftrlj, lmoity fmj erulaty. Z`ly prfetislj

umiofbimfdal erulaty im t`l mfol ng E`ristifmity. Z`ly trilj tnjlstrny faa t`l wnrhs ng t`l fmeilmt Brllh fmj Tnofmeiviaisftinms. Z`ly dlefol `nstial tn hmnwaljbl fmj seilmel.Z`ly feeuslj sue` seilmtists fs Bfaialn,X6_ w`n fgtlr rlfjimb t`ldnnhs ng Isafoie se`nafrs rlfaizlj t`ft t`l lfrt` is rlvnavimb nmits fxis, ng dlimb irrlaibinus fmj t`rlftlmlj ìo dy sfyimb t`ftt`ly wnuaj hiaa ìo ig `l jij mnt rltrfet ìs fsslrtinm. Z`lyfeeuslj Klfmml jfre (Knfm ng Fre), w`n `fj dllm strubbaimb gnrt`l grlljno ng `lr enumtry, ng dlimb f ofbieifm8 enmslqulmtay,t`ly durmlj `lr faivl. It is writtlm im Hous-fa-fao fmjAfrnussl t`ft wit` t`l lmenurfblolmt ng Efavim, nml ng t`lgnumjlrs ng Srntlstfmiso, t`ly durmlj faivl Oie`la Ulrvl im6


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Srlpnstlrnus ruals wlrl imslrtlj imtn E`ristifmity, sue` fs mnofrrifbl gnr ealrbyolm, mn jivnrel gnr ofrrilj enupals,enmglssinm, fmj rljloptinm. Im gfet, it wfs jllolj f sim tn aivl nmlfrt`.

Z`l rlaibinm ng Isafo, w`nsl fjvlmt `fj tfhlm pafel im t`l

slvlmt` elmtury, dlbfm tn sìml aihl f `fan im t`ft jfrhmlss. Fs wlwiaa sll im t`l gnaanwimb jisenursl nm Isafo, tìs lxfatlj rlaibinm,wìe` is tntfaay dfslj nm t`l onst mnrofa, onst anbiefa, fmj onstùofml primeipals, lfsiay fmj iooljiftlay bfimlj rlenbmitinmfbfimst rlprndftlj E`ristifmity. It wfs wlaenolj wit` lmtùsifsody t`l wisl. Ousaios w`n wlrl jllpay fmj rlvlrlmtay imtlrlstljim hmnwaljbl fmj seilmel, stujilj vlry `frj, fs f rlsuat nggnaanwimb t`l nrjlrs ng Faaù tfa fmj @is Olsslmblr (sfaa-Faaù fafiì wf sfaafo). Z`ly fjjlj ofmy mlw gimjimbs tn lvlrydrfme` ng seilmel fmj ljueftlj ofmy blmiusls im lvlry gilaj.Znjfy, t`l wnrjs E@LOIUZTY fmj FABLDTF (Hioy fmjKldr) frl Frfdie im nribim. Fmj tìs itslag wit` ofmy nt`lrlxfopals ealfray imjieftls `nw Frfd Ousaios slrvlj seilmtigiehmnwaljbl. Im f s`nrt tiol, Ousaios gnumjlj brlft hmnwaljblelmtlrs fmj ofjrfsfs (se`nnas). Z`ly drnub`t hmnwaljbl,seilmel, rlfsnm, ealfmaimlss fmj eiviaizftinm tn t`l lmtirl wnraj.Z`ly gnumj t`l dnnhs ng fmeilmt Brllh pìansnp`lrs fmj

trfmsaftlj t`lo imtn Frfdie. Z`ly prnvlj t`ft t`lir vilws wlrlenrrupt. @irse`glaj, f tìmhlr ng wnraj-wijl gfol sfij, Mn nt`lrmftinm `fs dlenol sn eiviaizlj sn rfpijay fs t`l Frfds jij dyfeelptimb Isafo. Rìal t`l E`ristifm wnraj rlprlslmtlj t`l pite`jfrhmlss ng f jumblnm fmj ofjl aigl f dittlr tnrolmt gnr plnpaljurimb t`l Oijjal Fbls, Isafo prlslmtlj gfeiaitils gnr aivimb imenognrt, kny fmj plfel tn t`l ùofm rfel. Enmslqulmtay, im nrjlrtn ndtfim wlfat` dy usurpimb t`l prnplrty fmj onmly im Ousaio

enumtrils, E`ristifms fttfehlj Ousaios fmj nrbfmizlj erusfjllxpljitinms wit` f prltlxt tn rlenvlr Klrusfalo, wìe` t`lyjllolj sferlj (6397-6423).

Im t`nsl erusfjl lxpljitinms, t`ly s`lj oue` Ousaio dannjumkustay. R`lm t`ly imvfjlj Klrusfalo, t`l strlfo ng dannj grnot`l Ousaios t`ly ofssferlj im onsquls, fs t`ly t`loslavlsenmglss, rlfe`lj t`l fdjnolms ng t`lir `nrsls. Nm t`l nt`lr`fmj, Ufa`fjjmX6_ (Ufafjim) Lyyd s`nwlj brlft ofbmfmioitytnwfrjs t`l E`ristifms, w`lm `l rlefpturlj Klrusfalo grnot`lo. @is afrbl`lfrtljmlss wfs sn brlft t`ft `l slt grll t`l Himb

47

X6_ Ufaf`fjjm Lyyd, pfsslj fwfy im


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ng Lmbafmj, Tie`frj t`l Ainm-@lfrtlj (Tie`frj, Enlur jl Ainm),w`no `l `fj tfhlm efptivl. Fasn, t`l lxpljitinms efrrilj nutfbfimst t`l Nttnofm Lopirl wlrl enmsijlrlj erusfjls fbfimstt`l Ousaios dy snol gurinus, gfmftiefa E`ristifms. F Grlme`ìstnrifm wfs sn imsnalmt fs tn jlseridl t`l Dfahfm Rfr, 6964-

6965, fs t`l brlftlst erusfjl lxpljitinm. R`lm t`l FmjfausifOusaio Utftl (Lmjuaus Utftl) wfs imvfjlj dy t`l Upfmis` im 092(6:94), t`l Upfmis` lit`lr ofssferlj t`l Ousaios nr enmvlrtljt`lo tn E`ristifmity dy gnrel. Z`ly fppailj t`l sfol erulaty tnt`l Imhfs, t`l fdnribimls ng Folrief. Z`l Upfmis` enopaltlayfmmiìaftlj t`ft himj fmj umauehy mftinm.

Z`l tlrridal safmjlrs fmj ails wìe` t`l E`ristifms plrpltrftljfbfimst t`l Isafoie rlaibinm fmj its brlft Srnp`lt (sfaa-Faaùfafiì wf sfaao) enmtimuls lvlm tnjfy wit` faa its vialmlss. ImjifmTfòftuaaf` Lgglmji (rfìof-ùaaù tfa) sialmelj t`l Dritis`Srntlstfmt prilsts im vfrinus jldftls `laj im Jlaì im 6423 (60


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glat fbfimst ìo `fs daimjlj t`lo fmj `frjlmlj t`lir `lfrts sndfjay t`ft t`ly `fvl rljuelj t`loslavls tn t`l ibmnoimy ngenmelfaimb tìs ndvinus gfet grno ùofmity. Uimel t`ly wlrlumfdal tn gimj fmy gfuats nr jlglets im t`l Isafoie rlaibinm nr imIsafos lxfatlj Snrp`lt (sfaa-Faaù fafiì wf sfaafo), im t`lir

lggnrts tn iodul t`lir ynumblr blmlrftinms wit` `nstiaity tnwfrjsIsafo, t`ly `fvl fttloptlj tn viaigy Isafo wit` dfsl ails fmj ubayjlpietinms. Z`lsl ibmndal fsplrsinms, wìe` t`l lmloils `fvl efstupnm Isafos `nay Srnp`lt, w`n enoofmjlj t`l jlvlanpolmt ngdlfutigua `fdits, t`l gnrdijjfmel ng dfj `fdits, t`l prnìditinm ngtnrolmtimb fmj `froimb plnpal im fmy wfy, lvlm t`l jlfj fmjfmiofas, fmj w`n strietay strlsslj t`l iopnrtfmel ng ùofm rib`ts,frl f jisbustimb stfim upnm ùofmity fmj upnm t`l mftinms ng t`lgrll wnraj.

Lvlmtufaay, E`ristifm ftrneitils bfvl dirt` tn rldlaainm fonmbt`l E`ristifms t`loslavls. Im 945 (6


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Eireal; Im t`l Ulenmj Rnraj Rfr lvlm Utfaim dlailvlj im Bnj,prnstrftlj, fmj efaalj upnm @io gnr `lap.

Znjfy, E`ristifmity `fs dllm purigilj tn f afrbl lxtlmt, fmj t`lpnwlrs ng t`l prilsts `fvl faonst dllm rljuelj tn mnub`t,fat`nub` it is mnt ylt enopaltlay grll grno fdsurjitils. Mnw, t`lrl

frl nmay f glw E`ristifms w`n dlailvl im Zrimity.Im fm lmeyeanpljif writtlm im f wlstlrm afmbufbl, mfolay, t`lgfonus Blrofm Drneh`fus, it stftls; Z`l `nmnrfdal Klsus(fafiì s-sfao) sfij ofmy tiols, I fo f ùofm dlimb. Zìsndvinusay s`nws t`ft ljueftlj E`ristifms jn mnt feelpt Klsus fst`l snm ng Bnj fmy onrl. Ng sue` plnpal, t`l nmls w`n `fvl `fjt`l auehy e`fmel tn stujy t`l Isafoie rlaibinm sfvl t`loslavlsgrno fdlrrftinm, fttfim Faaù tfas trul rlaibinm fmj t`lrldy

ndtfim @is ofbmfmionus dalssimbs. Z`l nmls w`n `fvl mnt dllmauehy lmnub` tn stujy Isafo, nm t`l nt`lr `fmj, afpsl imtn frrfmtirrlaibinusmlss, fmj dlenol ft`lists nr `lrlties. Z`l gfet t`fttnjfys Ousaio sneiltils mn anmblr murturl brlft se`nafrslxfelrdftls tìs pft`ltie situftinm. Olm ng rlaibinm eurrlmtayljueftlj sueeuod tn t`l oisalfjimb fetivitils ofmipuaftlj dy`lrltiefa entlrils, wìe` im turm prlvlmts t`lo grno ofhimbprnbrlss im t`lir dlfutigua rlaibinm fmj hmnwimb Isafo im jul

plrgletinm. It is fm umqulstinmfdal gfet t`ft Isafo is t`l snalrlaibinm t`ft buijls ofm tn t`l pft` w`lrldy tn fttfim eanslmlsstn Faaù tfa, f enognrtfdal fmj plfelgua aigl im t`l wnraj fmj@is gnrbivlmlss im t`l @lrlfgtlr.

5. IUAFO; Isafo is f rlaibinm wìe` is grll ng suplrstitinmsfmj siaay tfals8 it rlklets gfaafeinus oirfeals8 it feelpts ofm mnt fsf simmlr, dut fs Faaù tfas erlftlj safvl8 it prnvijls t`lowit` fm imjustrinus fmj prnsplrnus aigl8 fmj it enoofmjs

p`ysiefa fmj spiritufa ealfmaimlss. Isafos lsslmel is t`l dlailg imnml Faaf` fmj @is Srnp`lt, @fjrft Ou`foofj (sfaa-Faaùfafiì wf sfaao) w`n is, aihl us, f ùofm dlimb fmj f safvl ngFaaù tfa. Im Isafo, f prnp`lt is f ofm, dut immnelmt fmjplrglet. Faaù tfa `fs e`nslm ìo fs @is olsslmblr tnenooumieftl @is enoofmjolmts tn ùofmity. Isafo rlenbmizlsfaa t`l Srnp`lts (fafiì-ous-sfao), anvls t`lo faa, fmjolmtinms t`lir mfols wit` rlvlrlmel. Lsslmtifaay, t`l fjvlmt ngt`l aftlst Srnp`lt is writtlm im fmeilmt rlaibinus dnnhs fs wlaa fsim t`l nribimfa Znrf` fmj Didal. @fjrft Ou`foofj (sfaa-Faaùfafiì wf sfaao) is t`l aftlst (gimfa) Srnp`lt, fmj mn nt`lrSrnp`lt wiaa sueellj ìo.

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Zn dlailvl t`ft @fjrft Ou`foofj (sfaa-Faaù fafiì wfsfaafo) is Faaù tfas Srnp`lt olfms tn dlailvl t`ft faa t`lenoofmjolmts fmj prnìditinms writtlm im t`l Vurm fa-hlro,wìe` `l enooumieftlj, frl Faaù tfas enoofmjolmts fmjprnìditinms. Ig f plrsnm w`n sn dlailvls jnls mnt ndly snol ng

t`lsl enoofmjolmts, `l jnls mnt ansl ìs ofm (dlailg)8 t`ft is,`l jnls mnt dlenol f mnm-Ousaio. @nwlvlr, ig `l jnls mnt gllasnrrnw nvlr jisndlyimb lvlm nml ng t`lo, dut imstlfj dnfstsfdnut tìs stftl ng ìs, `l wiaa mnt `fvl dlailvlj im t`l Srnp`lt8 `lwiaa ansl ìs om fmj dlenol f hgir (jisdlailvlr). Ig ìs `lfj`fmbs im s`fol fmj ìs `lfrt gllas drnhlm gnr ìs ioprnplr fetinmsfbfimst Faaù tfas enoofmjolmts, it dlenols ealfr t`ft ìsofm (gfit`) is giro.

Z`l gnaanwimb bivls fm feenumt ng t`l gumjfolmtfas ng Isafo;Wfrinus ritls, rlgnros fmj muolrnus glfsts `fvl mn pafel im Isafofmj `nay jfys frl vlry glw. Isafo `najs it lsslmtifa gnr plnpal tnalfj fm `nmlst fmj e`fstl aigl, dut tn lmkny aigl ft t`l sfol tiol.It faants nmay f s`nrt tiol gnr wnrsìp. Enooittimb nmls `lfrtenopaltlay tn Faaù tfa wìal wnrsìppimb is lsslmtifa.Rnrsìps frl jnml mnt fs eustnos, dut gnr lmtlrimb t`l prlslmelng Faaù tfa, gnr t`fmhimb fmj efaaimb upnm @io wit` faa nmls`lfrt fmj snua. Faaù tfa jnls mnt feelpt f wnrsìp jnml gnr

nstlmtftinm. Im t`l Urf Om, t`l Vurm fa-hlro stftls; N!Oy Olsslmblr! @fvl ynu sllm snolnml w`n jlmils t`lKujblolmt, puts t`l nrp`fm fsijl wit` `frs`mlss, jnls mntprnontl glljimb t`l mlljy> Z`lrl wiaa dl f vlry slvlrl tnrolmtgnr wnrsìpplrs w`n frl `lljalss ng t`lir prfylrs, w`n aihl tn dlsllm ft wnrsìp, fmj w`n jn mnt bivl t`l rib`t ng t`l pnnr(zfht).

Isafos nay dnnh is t`l V\TM FA HLTO. Z`l Vurm fa-

hlro wfs rlvlfalj dy Faaù tfa tn @fjrft Ou`foofj (sfaa-Faaù fafiì wf sfaafo) fmj wfs enooumieftlj tn t`l Uf`dftfa-hiro dy ìo. Rìal t`l Vurm fa-hlro wfs dlimb rlvlfalj, itwfs fasn dlimb rlenrjlj wit` brlft efrl, fmj survivls lvlm tnjfy8mnml ng its wnrjs `fs dllm jlgialj. Mn nt`lr rlaibinus dnnh is fslanqulmt fs t`l Vurm fa-hlro. It `fs t`l sfol eafrity fmjlanqulmel tnjfy t`ft it `fj gnurtllm elmturils fbn.

Bnlt`l (62:9-6054), nml ng t`l wnrajs onst gfonus aitlrfryolm, writls fdnut t`l Vurm fa-hlro im ìs wnrh Rlst-LfstJivfm;X6_ Z`l Vurm enmtfims ofmy itlrftinms, fmj wl glla fs ig

53

X6_ Blrofm mfol ng its nribimfa is Rlst-Nstaie`lr Jvm.


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t`lsl itlrftinms wiaa dnrl us, dut w`lm wl rlfj nm, brfjufaay t`ldnnh dlbims tn fttrfet us. Z`lm it efrrils us tn fjoirftinm fmjlvlmtufaay tn rlvlrlmel.

Dlsijls Bnlt`l, ofmy nt`lr gfonus tìmhlrs `fvl glatfjoirftinm gnr t`l Vurm fa-hlro. Alts quntl snol ng t`lo.

Srng. Ljnufrj Onmt sfys; Z`l Vurm fa-hlro is t`l dnnht`ft tlaas ng Faaf`s nmlmlss im t`l onst ealfr, onst sudaiol, onstsferlj fmj onst enmvimeimb afmbufbl, wìe` efm dl surpfsslj dymn nt`lr rlaibinus dnnh.

Jr. Ofuriel, w`n trfmsaftlj t`l Vurm fa-hlro imtn Grlme`,sfys; Z`l Vurm fa-hlro is t`l onst dlfutigua ng t`l rlaibinusdnnhs dlstnwlj upnm ofmhimj.

Bfstnm Hfrr sfys; Z`l Vurm fa-hlro wìe` is t`l snurel ng

Isafo, enmtfims faa t`l primeipals ng onjlrm eiviaizftinm. Zìs issue` f ealfr gfet t`ft, tnjfy, wl `fvl tn dlailvl t`ft nureiviaizftinm is lstfdais`lj nm t`l gumjfolmtfa primeipals ng t`lVurm.

Isafo is gnumjlj nm t`l dfsis ng p`ysiefa fmj spiritufaealfmaimlss. It feeuouaftls im itslag faa t`l nvlrt fmj envlrt olritsng faa t`l gnrolr rlaibinms.

Z`lrl frl givl primeipals, rlaibinus prlelpts, wìe` t`nsl w`n

`fvl dllm enmvlrtlj tn Isafo, t`ft is, faa Ousaios `fvl tn jn; Z`lgirst is tn dlailvl im nml Faaù tfa fmj t`ft @fjrft Ou`foofj(sfaa-Faaù fafiì wf sfaao) is @is Srnp`lt fmj erlftlj safvl8t`l slenmj is tn plrgnro sfat (prfylr), fs prlseridlj dy Isafo8 t`ltìrj is tn gfst8 t`l gnurt` is tn bn nm `fkk (piabriofbl)8 t`l afst nmlis tn pfy zfht, f spleifa himj ng ylfray e`frity pfij dy t`l rie` tnpnnr Ousaios.

Slrgnroimb prfylr (sfat) is f rlaibinus ritl jnml givl tiols f

jfy im t`lir prlseridlj tiols. Dlgnrl dlbimmimb t`l prfylr it ismlelssfry tn ofhl fm fdautinm, wìe` ofimay enmsists ng wfsìmbt`l `fmjs, t`l gfel, t`l fros, fmj t`l gllt. Ulvlrfa prfylrs efm dlplrgnrolj wit` nml fdautinm, t`l fdautinm `fs dllm drnhlm gnrnml ng t`l rlfsnms, (wìe`, tnn, frl prlseridlj dy Isafo). Srfyimbgivl tiols f jfy jnls mnt ìmjlr nmls mnrofa jfiay wnrh. Im gfet,t`l prfylr, rlquirimb aittal tiol, efm dl plrgnrolj fmyw`lrl fswlaa fs im f onsqul. Fasn t`lrl is t`l olt`nj ng ofsf`

(wipimb) olsts (alft`lr snehs) wìe` sfvls nml grno t`lndaibftinm ng wfsìmb t`l gllt w`lm ofhimb fm fdautinm fmlw.Gnr t`nsl w`n frl ft pafels wit`nut wftlr nr w`n frl iaa8 it ispnssidal gnr t`lo tn ofhl fm fdautinm wit` snia, f olt`nj wìe`

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is efaalj tfyfoouo. Im efsls ng strnmb mlelssity, sue` fs w`lmt`lrl is t`l jfmblr ng tìlvls nm f knurmly nr t`l jfmblr ng dlimbhiaalj, prfylrs efm dl noittlj fmj algt tn qfj8 t`ft is, t`nslprfylrs efm dl plrgnrolj nml rib`t fgtlr fmnt`lr snol nt`lrtiol.

Gfstimb is tn fdstfim grno jnimb fmytìmb t`ft drlfhs nmlsgfst nmay jurimb t`l jfy gnr nml onmt` f ylfr, i.l., im t`l onmt`ng Tfofjm. Nml ng its wnrajay vfauls is im t`ft it tlfe`ls plnpalt`l olfmimb ng umblr fmj tìrst. F sftlj plrsnm wiaa mlvlr hmnwùmblr nr syopftìzl wit` t`l ùmbry. Gfstimb tlfe`ls f sftljplrsnm t`l sugglrimbs ng f ùmbry plrsnm. Ft t`l sfol tiol itjriaas us im slag-jiseipaiml. Dlefusl gfstimb jftls frl jltlroimljfeenrjimb tn Frfdie onmt`s, lfe` ylfrs gfst dlbims tlm jfys

lfrailr t`fm t`l prlvinus ylfrs. Z`lrlgnrl, it enimeijls wit`suoolr onmt`s fs wlaa fs wit` wimtlr onmt`s. Slnpal mnt wlaalmnub` tn lmjurl f suoolr gfst efm ofhl qfj ng t`lo(plrgnro t`lo aftlr) im wimtlr, fmj t`nsl w`n frl tnn naj tn gfstefm pfy t`lir jldts dy bivimb spleifa faos tlrolj gijyf im ailung gfstimb.

Mn gnrel nr tnrturl tfhls pafel im Isafo. Faaù tfa `fsmlvlr rlquirlj nml tn wnrsìp ft t`l enst ng nmls `lfat`, t`ft is,

tn wnrsìp sn oue` t`ft nml wiaa blt iaa. Faaù tfa is vlryofbmfmionus, gnrbivimb fmj enopfssinmftl. Im nt`lr wnrjs, @l issn olreigua, @l wiaa gnrbivl t`nsl w`n jn plmfmel.

[fht olfms t`ft t`l Ousaios w`n frl wlfat`y fmj w`npnsslss zfht prnplrty im lxelss ng t`l fonumt mlelssfry tn aivlnm, i.l., fdnvl t`l fonumt tlrolj misd wiaa bivl twn-fmj-f-`fag plrelmt, nr nml-gnrtilt`, ng faa t`lir prnplrty tn pnnr Ousaiosnmel f ylfr. Slnpal wit` lfrmimbs suggieilmt gnr nmay f dfsie aivimb

stfmjfrj jn mnt pfy zfht. Im nt`lr wnrjs, tìs gfrj (prlelpt) isvfaij nmay gnr wlfat`y Ousaios.Fs gnr @fkk, it is fbfim nmay gnr wlfat`y Ousaios w`n `fvl mn

jldts fmj w`n frl fdal tn alfvl lmnub` `nusl`naj sudsistlmelgnr t`lir gfoiails, algt dlìmj, jurimb t`l knurmly. @fkk olfms tnbn tn Oleef nmel im f aigltiol, tn visit t`l Hfdf, fmj tn prfy tnFaaù tfa im t`l nplm spfel ng Frfgft. Zìs gfrj (ndaibftinm)is fasn nmay gnr t`l Ousaios w`n `fvl t`l enmjitinms stftljfdnvl. Im efsl t`lrl is t`l jfmblr ng jlft` nr iaamlss nm t`l wfytn fmj grno Oleef, nr ig t`lrl is trnudal dlynmj ynur efpfeity,ynu jn mnt `fvl tn bn nm `fkk. Imstlfj, ynu slmj snolnml laslw`n is efpfdal.

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Zn alfrm t`l jltfias ng t`lsl wnrsìps, t`lir enmjitinms, fmj`nw t`ly frl tn dl plrgnrolj enrrletay, lfe` ng t`l gnurofj``fds `fs f elrtfim dnnh efaalj, Iao-i à.X6_ It is mlelssfrygnr f Ousaio tn rlfj fmj alfrm `nw tn wnrsìp grno t`l dnnhs ngìs ofj``fd, wìe` `l prlglrrlj dlefusl it sllolj tn dl lfsy gnr

ìo tn gnaanw.Isafos wnrsìp rlofims dltwllm Faaù tfa fmj t`l safvl.Faaù tfa fanml gnrbivls nr pumis`ls t`nsl w`n frl mlbaiblmtnr buiaty. Z`nsl w`n frl tn dl pumis`lj wiaa dl put im t`lvl`lolmt girl ng rltridutinm, wìe` wl tlro @laa.

R`n wiaa rlofim ltlrmfaay im @laa> Riaa it dl t`nsl w`n jn mntplrgnro t`lir prfylrs> Riaa it dl t`nsl w`n enooit sims> Mn!Z`nsl w`n wiaa dl durmlj ltlrmfaay im @laa frl Faaù tfas

lmloils. Uimmlrs frl mnt Faaù tfas lmloils. Z`ly frl aihl fmfub`ty, buiaty eìaj. Jn pfrlmts dlenol `nstial tn t`lirjisndljilmt eìaj> Ng enursl, t`ly jn mnt. Z`ly nmay senaj ìo faittal, dut t`ly hllp anvimb ìo.

Ousaios `fvl dlailg primeipfaay im six tìmbs, t`ly frl; imFaaù tfa, im @is Srnp`lts (fafiìoussfafwtu wfttfsaoft), im@is `nay dnnhs, im @is fmblas, im t`l gfet t`ft bnnj fmj lvia enolgrno Faaf`, fmj im t`l Tisimb fgtlr jlft`. Fetufaay faa t`l

rlaibinms wl `fvl spnhlm ng frl dfslj nm t`lsl gumjfolmtfas.Fdnvl wl `fvl sfij t`ft wnrsìps rlofim dltwllm Faaùtfa fmj ofm. Dut t`nsl w`n e`lft nt`lrs, t`nsl w`nfpprnpriftl nt`lrs rib`ts, aifrs, t`l grfujualmt, t`l tyrfmts, t`nslw`n prfetiel imkustiel fmj jis`nmlsty, t`nsl w`n jisndly t`lirpfrlmts nr suplrinrs, t`nsl w`n rldla fbfimst fut`nritils fmj t`lirbnvlrmolmt, im drilg, t`nsl fbfimst t`l enoofmjolmts ng Faaùtfa fmj t`nsl w`n jlprivl nt`lrs ng t`lir rib`ts nr jlelivl

nt`lrs gnr t`lir nwm fjvfmtfbls wiaa mlvlr dl gnrbivlm umalss t`lyfrl gnrbivlm dy t`l nwmlrs ng t`nsl rib`ts. Im s`nrt, Faaù tfawiaa mlvlr gnrbivl t`nsl w`n umkustay fpprnpriftl nt`lr plnpalsnr fmiofas rib`ts, fmj t`ly wiaa bn tn @laa fmj rlelivl t`lirpumisòlmt, mn ofttlr `nw oue` t`ly wnrsìp.

Nml ng t`l ùofm rib`ts is tn pfy t`l of`r iooljiftlay tnt`l wnofm w`no nml `fs jivnrelj. Ig it is mnt pfij, t`lrltridutinm, pumisòlmt im tìs wnraj fmj t`l tnrolmt im t`l mlxt

wnraj wiaa dl jrlfjgua.

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X6_ Z`lrl is jltfialj imgnroftinm nm t`lsl himjs ng wnrsìp im t`l givlgfseieals ng Lmjalss Daiss.


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Z`l onst iopnrtfmt fonmb ùofm rib`ts, ng wìe` t`ltnrolmt wiaa dl t`l onst jrlfjgua, is t`ft ng mnt jnimb for-uofrg tn rlaftivls fmj tn t`l plnpal umjlr nmls fut`nrity. Zìsolfms tn jisenmtimul tlfeìmb t`l Isafoie rlaibinm tn t`lo.

It is umjlrstnnj t`ft f ofm w`n prlvlmts t`lo nr fmy nt`lr

Ousaio grno alfrmimb t`lir rlaibinm fmj grno wnrsìppimb dy t`lusl ng tnrturl nr jlelit, is fm lmloy ng Isafo, f hfgir (jisdlailvlr)!F Ousaio w`n jnls mnt gnaanw nml ng t`l gnur ofj``fds is efaaljf `lrltie. Ousaios frl im brlft plria im t`l gfel ng `lrltiesfttlopts tn e`fmbl t`l erllj ng Fà fs-summf fmj tn jlgial Isafofmj dlailg.

Rìal im t`l wnraj, sue` plnpal s`nuaj rlplmt fs lfray fspnssidal, t`lm rlturm t`l wrnmblj plrsnms rib`t, blt t`loslavls

gnrbivlm fmj enmsibm t`loslavls tn Faaù tfas olrey dyfdstfimimb grno jnimb sue` lvia fets fbfim. Z`ly s`nuaj fasn try tnblt t`lir sims pfrjnmlj dy jnimb f ant ng bnnj jlljs. Z`lm, Faaùtfa wiaa gnrbivl t`lo gnr t`lir sims.

It is dlailvlj t`ft t`nsl w`n `fvl wnrhlj fmj algt dlìmj t`louslgua imgnroftinm fmj lggnrts wit` f vilw tn slrvimb ùofmity,lvlm ig t`ly frl enmsijlrlj tn `fvl dllm im fmnt`lr rlaibinm, ofy`fvl fttfimlj Faaù tfas buijfmel tnwfrjs t`l lmj ng t`lir

aivls. Ng naj, Ousaios efaalj sue` plnpal t`l slerlt pinus. Ig itis mnt hmnwm gnr elrtfim t`ft sue` jnlrs ng bnnj fets `fj dllm`najimb mnm-Ousaio dlailgs, wl jn mnt hmnw, lit`lr, im w`ftdlailg t`ly wlrl w`lm t`ly jilj. Ig t`ly `fj uslj wlaa t`l wlfpnmng oimj, wìe` Faaù tfa `fj enmglrrlj upnm t`lo8 ig t`ly `fjwnrhlj wit` t`l ijlf ng slrvimb faa ùofm dlimbs wit`nut `froimbfmynml8 ig t`ly `fj stujilj t`l gumjfolmtfas ng faa t`l rlaibinms,it s`nuaj dl lxpletlj t`ft t`ly fttfimlj Faaù tfas buijfmelfmj fs f rlsuat wlrl Ousaios.

Gnr lxfopal, Dlrmfrj U`fw (60


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ol f jlsirl tn t`rnw oyslag imtn t`l wftlr, tn ofhl fm fdautinm,tn prnstrftl fmj tn lmtrlft Faaf` fs Ousaios jn. Jnls tìs mnts`nw t`ft t`lrl s`nml f aib`t ng ìjyf, t`nub` tlopnrfriay, imt`ft gfonus writlrs `lfrt>

Anrj @lfjaly, w`n glat f sioiafr aib`t ng ìjyf im ìs `lfrt,

sfij, Fgtlr sllimb t`l pafim dut drib`t brlftmlss ng Isafo, sìmimbaihl f `fan, ynu glla fs ig ynu `fvl enol nut ng f jfrh enrrijnr imtnt`l sumaib`t. @l aftlr lodrfelj Isafo.X6_ Ig sue` plnpal s`nuajjil wit`nut om (gfit`) fmj dl pumis`lj im t`l mlxt wnraj dyFaaù tfa, @l wiaa elrtfimay jioimis` t`lir pumisòlmts nmfeenumt ng t`l gfvnurs t`ly `fvl jnml gnr ùofmity. It is jleafrljim t`l slvlmt` fmj lib`t` vlrsls ng srf [iaza im t`l Vurm fa-hlro; @l w`n jij t`l timilst dit ng bnnj wiaa gfel it, fmj `l w`njij t`l timilst dit ng lvia wiaa gfel it, tnn. F Ousaio wiaa rlelivlrlwfrjs gnr ìs bnnj jlljs dnt` `lrl fmj im t`l @lrlfgtlr.@nwlvlr, f jisdlailvlr wiaa rlelivl ìs rlwfrj nmay im tìs wnraj.Z`lrlgnrl, dlimb f jisdlailvlr is t`l wnrst pnssidal tìmb. Z`ft isw`y f plrsnm w`n `fs wnrhlj wit` t`l purl imtlmtinm ng nmayslrvimb ùofmity fmj fs f rlsuat `fs drnub`t fdnut jlvlanpolmtst`ft frl dlmlgieifa gnr ùofmity, wìal t`ly wlrl feenopais`ljumjlr t`l onst jiggieuat enmjitinms ng rishimb ìs `lfat` fmj aigl,dut w`n `fs mnt dllm enmvlrtlj tn Isafo fmj jilj im t`l stftl ng

jisdlailg (hugr) wiaa mnt dl lxloptlj grno t`l pumisòlmt gnrjisdlailg jlspitl ìs bnnj jlljs. Mnmlt`lalss, im Faaù tfasvilw, t`l pumisòlmt gnr t`nsl `ypneritls w`n enooittlj lvlrysnrt ng lvia fmj grfuj fmj w`n prltlmjlj tn wnrsìp, wiaa dl oue`wnrsl. Z`lir prltlmjimb tn dl Ousaios wiaa mnt prntlet t`lo grnot`l tnrolmt wìe` t`ly jlslrvl dlefusl ng t`l jisdlailg im t`lir`lfrts.

Nttnofm ìstnry bivls f rlenrj ng ofmy enoofmjlrs, ofmy

olm ng hmnwaljbl fmj seilmel w`n `fj gnrolray dllm E`ristifmsfmj w`n lvlmtufaay feelptlj Isafo fmj sudslqulmtay plrgnroljofmy slrviels tn t`l rlaibinm.

Isoia @fhh Lgglmji (rfìof-ùaafù tfa) pfsslj fwfy imDursf im t`l ylfr 6652 X624


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jllpay alfrmlj_ ng ìs tiol. R`lm `l wfs tnaj t`ft snol Klws fmjE`ristifms dl`fvlj `nmlstay fmj trulay fmj jij gfvnurs gnrlvlrydnjy, `l rlspnmjlj, Dlimb sn is f sibm wìe` is pleuaifr tnt`nsl w`n wiaa dl bivlm ltlrmfa glaieity. It is `nplj t`ft t`nsl w`n`fvl sue` qufaitils wiaa fttfim ofm (gfit`) fmj tfw`j fmj t`ft

t`lir lmj wiaa dl sfavftinm. Zìs quntftinm grno f dnnh nglxpafmftinm is fmnt`lr prnng gnr nur wnrjs fdnvl.Mnw alt us turm tn t`nsl w`n eritieizl Isafo fmj try tn gimj

gfuat wit` Isafo. Uue` plnpal onstay jwlaa upnm t`l gnaanwimbfsplets;

6- Unol plnpal sfy, Isafo brfmts f ofm t`l rib`t tn ofrrygnur wnolm, wìe` is mnt enopftidal wit` enmtlopnrfry gfoiayenmelpts, gfoiay dnmjs, fmj sneifa nrjlr.

Z`l fmswlr tn dl bivlm tn tìs is; It fs dllm gnurtllm elmturilssimel t`l fjvlmt ng Isafo. Im Frfdif, t`l dirt` pafel ng tìsrlaibinm, wnolm `fj mn rib`ts ft faa im t`nsl jfys. Lvlrydnjy usljtn en`fdit wit` fs ofmy wnolm fs `l aihlj, fmj t`ly fssuolj mnrlspnmsidiaity tnwfrjs t`lo. Z`l gfet t`ft wnolm `fj mn vfaulefm dl jiselrmlj dy t`l gfet t`ft dfdy biras wlrl durilj faivl dyt`lir pfrlmts. Isafo, wìe` frnsl im sue` f sneilty, `fs aioitlj t`lmuodlr ng wnolm f ofm efm aivl wit` tn t`l dfrlst oimiouo

pnssidal gnr t`ft tiol. It `fs rlenbmizlj t`l rib`ts ng wnolm fmj`fs prntletlj t`l jivnrell fbfimst jlstitutinm dy prlgiximb, dlgnrlofrrifbl, f suo ng onmly, efaalj f of`r, tn dl pfij tn `lr im t`lefsl ng f jivnrel. Enmtrfry tn t`l erities fsslrtinm t`ft it `fsfd`nrrlj wnolm, it `fs prnontlj wnolm tn f ìb`lr sneifastftus. Z`lsl gfets, wìe` wl `fvl bivlm frl lxpafimlj im jltfia imt`l dnnh Jiy-ua-huad grno pfbl 54: nmwfrj, wìe` wfs writtlmim Zurhis` dy Is`fq LgglmjiX6_ ng @frput im nrjlr tn jisprnvl t`lsafmjlrs fmj t`l ails prnpfbftlj fbfimst Isafo dy Srntlstfmtoissinmfrils. Zìs dnnh `fs farlfjy dllm pudais`lj dy@FHHFZ HZFDLW umjlr t`l mfol Elvd Wlrlolji(Enuaj Mnt Fmswlr).

Znjfy lvlrydnjy s`nuaj hmnw t`ft Isafo `fs mnt nrjlrlj fOusaio tn ofrry gnur wnolm. Im nt`lr wnrjs, tn ofrry onrl t`fmnml wnolm is mlit`lr gfrj (ndaibftnry) mnr summft, dut nmayoudf` (plroissidal). Ofòft (Olòlt) [i`mi Lgglmji (rfìof-ùaaù tfa) ft t`l dlbimmimb ng t`l sletinm nm ofrrifbl im ìsdnnh Miolt-i sao sfys; Mlit`lr jivnreimb f wnofm mnr

57

X6_ Is`fq Lgglmji, pfsslj fwfy im 6539 (6096 F.J.)


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ofrryimb gnur wnolm is wkid (f strnmb juty) im Isafo. It is mnt folmjud (pinus fet), lit`lr. It is plroittlj im efsl ng mlelssity.Olm frl mnt ndaiblj tn ofrry gnur wnolm, fmj t`l wnolm frlmnt ndaiblj tn feelpt it, lit`lr. Ig t`l bnvlrmolmt gnrdijs foud` tìmb, it dlenols `fro (gnrdijjlm) fmj mn anmblr

oud`. Zìs is dlefusl f Ousaio mlvlr jisndlys t`l afw. FOusaio is f plrsnm w`n is mnt `frogua tn ìoslag nr tn nt`lrs. Imfjjitinm, Isafo `fs lstfdais`lj lenmnoie fmj sneifa enmjitinms tnprlslrvl t`l rib`ts fmj grlljnos ng t`l girst wigl ig f ofm imtlmjstn ofrry f slenmj wigl. Nt`lr wnolm w`no `l ofy ofrry aftlrnm wiaa lfe` `fvl spleifa rib`ts, fmj Isafo gnrdijs ofrrifbl tnonrl t`fm nml wnofm gnr t`nsl w`n efmmnt ollt t`lslenmjitinms fmj w`n efmmnt fttlmj tn rib`ts bufrfmtllj tnwnolm. Nm t`l nt`lr `fmj, it is t`fwd (f olfms gnr dalssimbs im

t`l mlxt wnraj) gnr ìo tn bivl up t`l slenmj ofrrifbl im nrjlrtn palfsl ìs girst wigl. Gurt`lronrl, it is `fro (gnrdijjlm) tnùrt f Ousaio, i.l., ìs girst wigl. Im t`l twlmtilt` elmtury, jul tnlenmnoie enmjitinms im faonst lvlry enumtry, onst olm efmmntguagiaa t`lsl enmjitinms. It is ndvinus, t`lrlgnrl, t`ft it is mntplroissidal gnr sue` olm tn ofrry f slenmj wnofm. Isafofeelpts t`ft ruals t`ft frl dfslj nm usfbl fmj eustno efm dlfjfptlj tn tiol, fmj, t`lrlgnrl, tnjfy onst Ousaio olm `fvl

nmay nml wigl.Enmelrmimb pnaybfoy, alt us mnw annh ft snol nt`lr enumtrilsfmj rlaibinms. Ofrrifbl wit` onrl t`fm nml wnolm is plroittljim t`l 53t` e`fptlr ng Blmlsis, 46st e`fptlr ng Jlutlrnmnoy, fmjt`l 4mj e`fptlr ng Ulenmj Ufoula ng t`l Znrf` (Naj Zlstfolmt),wìe` is feelptlj fs t`l `nay dnnh ng Klws fmj E`ristifms. Z`lSrnp`lts Jfvij fmj Unanonm `fj slvlrfa wivls fmj glofalsafvls8 Lfst Tnofm Loplrnrs fawfys `fj slvlrfa wivls, fmj naj

Blrofm Loplrnrs, l.b., Griljrie` Dfrdfrnssf (66


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mnr im t`l Mlw Zlstfolmt dl enmsijlrlj s`folgua nr ume`fstl>Fmeilmt Srnp`lts (fafi`iou s-sfao) fawfys `fj slvlrfa wivls.Z`lrlgnrl, pnaybfoy is mnt gnrmieftinm. It is enopftidal wit` afwsfmj wit` enoonm slmsl.

Z`l gfonus t`imhlr fmj writlr Onmtlsqilu (67


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jisndljilmel nr nppnsitinm, t`lsl ndstruetinms frl laioimftlj dynt`lr olfms. Ki`j wit` gnrel is jnml mnt dy imjivijufas, dut dyt`l Isafoie stftl.

Im t`l 4


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sfij; Z`ly `fvl t`l For-ua-Ouoimm im Oljimf. Bn tn ìofmj anjbl f enopafimt wit` ìo. @l wlmt tn Oljimf fmj fshljfdnut t`l Efaip`s pfafel. Z`l plnpal `l fshlj fmswlrlj t`ft t`lEfaip` jij mnt `fvl f pfafel nr f viaaf fmj t`ft `l `fj bnmlnutsijl t`l eity. Un `l, tnn, algt t`l eity tn annh gnr ìo. Z`lrl

wlrl mn snajilrs nr bufrjs frnumj. @l sfw snolnml sallpimb nmt`l brnumj. @l fshlj t`l ofm ig `l `fj sllm t`l Efaip` \ofr. Imgfet, t`l ofm `l fshlj wfs t`l Efaip` \ofr ìoslag (rfjiy-Faaù fm`). @l fshlj t`l ofbifm w`y `l wfs annhimb gnr t`lEfaip` \ofr. Z`l ofm fmswlrlj; @is enoofmjlr enlrels ol tnslaa ìo oy `nusl. I efol `lrl tn anjbl f enopafimt fbfimst ìo.@fjrft \ofr (rfjiy-Faaù fm`) wlmt tn ìs `nol, tfhimb t`lofbifm fanmb wit` ìo. @l fshlj gnr snol pfplr, dut t`ly enuajmnt gimj fmy pfplr im t`l `nusl. @l sfw f s`nuajlr dafjl fmj

fshlj gnr it. @l wrntl fs gnaanws nm t`l dnml;DisoiaaìrrfòmirrfòX6_ An, Ufj! Jn mnt ùrt tìs ofbifms`lfrt! Nt`lrwisl, enol tn ol ft nmel. Z`l ofbifm tnnh t`l dnmlfmj wlmt dfeh `nol. @l sfij; I wlmt tn faa tìs ant ng trnudal gnrmntìmb. Ig I bivl tìs pilel ng dnml tn t`l enoofmjlr `laa tìmh`l is dlimb tlfslj fmj wiaa dlenol vlry fmbry. Dut w`lm ìs wiglimsistlj, `l wlmt tn Ufj. Ufj wfs sittimb fmj e`fttimb e`llrguaaywit` ìs snajilrs. Mn snnmlr `fj `l efub`t sib`t ng t`l

`fmjwritimb nm t`l dnml im t`l ofbifms `fmj, w`n wfs stfmjimbft snol jistfmel, t`fm `l turmlj pfal, gnr `l `fj rlenbmislj t`lLoir-ua-ouoimm \ofrs (rfjiy-Faaù fm`) `fmjwritimb. Z`lfdrupt e`fmbl surprislj lvlrydnjy. Ufj (rfjiy-Faaù fm`)fpprnfe`lj t`l ofbifm fmj sfij; Iaa jn w`ftlvlr ynu wfmt oltn. Dut, palfsl jnmt jn fmytìmb t`ft wiaa ofhl ol annh buiaty im\ofrs (rfjiy-Faaù fm`) prlslmel, gnr I efmmnt lmjurl t`lpumisòlmt imgaietlj dy ìo. Ullimb t`l enoofmjlr dlbbimb

surprislj t`l ofbifm tn t`l jlbrll ng ofjmlss. R`lm `l rlbfimljìs slmsls, `l iooljiftlay dlefol f Ousaio. R`lm nt`lrs fshljìo `nw `l `fj dlenol f Ousaio, ìs fmswlr wfs; I sfw t`lirFor (eìlg) sallpimb nm t`l snia wit` f pfte`lj enft. I sfw `nwìs enoofmjlrs trlodalj wit` glfr ng ìo. I, t`lrlgnrl, efol tnt`l enmeausinm t`ft t`ly wlrl im t`l rib`t rlaibinm. Uue` kustiel gnrf girl wnrsìpplr aihl ol enuaj nmay `fvl dllm jnml dy dlailvlrsng t`l rib`t rlaibinm.

@istnry Srnglssnr Uìdai Muom, Eìlg ng Imjifs fssloday ngMfjwft-ua-\afo fmj t`l fut`nr ng t`l gfonus dnnh Fa-Imtiqfj,

:3

X6_ Im t`l Mfol ng Faaf` t`l Enopfssinmftl, t`l Olreigua.


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pfsslj fwfy im 6554 X696:_. @is dnnh, Fa-Grq, im \rju, wfstrfmsaftlj imtn Slrsifm dy Ulrjr Lsljuaaf` H`ms ont`lr, w`nwfs f sistlr ng Mjir U``, t`l Loplrnr ng Fgb`fmistfm. Z`ltrfmsaftinm wfs primtlj wit` Mjir U``s enoofmj im Af`nrl im65


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ylfrs. Z`ly s`lj tlfrs ng kny. Onst ng t`lo dlefol Ousaioswiaaimbay. Ng t`lir nwm feenrj, t`ly spilj upnm t`l Dyzfmtimlfroils gnr t`l Ousaio froils. Zùs, Fd \dfyjf wfs jfiayimgnrolj fdnut faa t`l onvlolmts ng @lrfeaius froy. Z`lslDyzfmtiml spils pafylj f ofknr rnal im t`l brlft vietnry ng

Yfrouq. Z`l lstfdaisòlmt fmj lmafrblolmt ng t`l Isafoiestftls wfs mnt feenopais`lj dy fbbrlssinm nr dy hiaaimb. Z`lbrlft fmj ofim pnwlr t`ft hlpt up t`nsl stftls fmj hlpt t`lofaivl wfs t`l pnwlr ng om (dlailg), t`l pnwlr ng kustiel,bnnjmlss, `nmlsty, fmj slag-sferigiel wìe` Isafo e`lris`lsbrlftay.

It is mnt eiviaizftinm tn ioitftl t`l Rlsts gfsìnms,ioonrfaitils, fmj gfasl dlailgs. It wiaa jfofbl t`l enmstitutinm ng

t`l Ousaio plnpal. Fmj tìs jfofbl is plrpltrftlj nmay dy t`llmloils ng Isafo. Isafo mlvlr tnalrftls f Ousaio dlimb supiml nrafzy. It enoofmjs Ousaios tn wnrh fmj ioprnvl im faa drfme`lsng seilmel, tn alfrm grno mnm-Ousaios t`lir mlw seilmtigiegimjimbs, fmj fasn tn louaftl t`lo. It enoofmjs t`lo tn dlf`lfj ng nt`lrs im fbrieuaturl, enoolrel, oljieiml, e`loistry,fmj im t`l wfr imjustry. Ousaios oust gimj nut faa t`l seilmtigieolfms t`ft nt`lr mftinms `fvl, fmj ofmugfeturl t`lo. Dut t`lyoust mnt fjnpt nr ioitftl t`lir enrrupt rlaibinms, squfaij fmj ubay`fdits, eustnos nr trfjitinms.

Ibmftiylg, w`n wfs f Tussifm Fodfssfjnr tn t`l NttnofmLopirl gnr f anmb tiol, rlvlfas im ìs olonirs f alttlr writtlm dyt`l Sftrifre` Brlbnrius, t`l eìlg panttlr ng t`l 6452 (6046)Brllh imsurrletinm jurimb t`l tiol ng Uuatfm Ofòut H`fm II(rfìof-ùaaù tfa), tn t`l Tussifm Ezfr, Falxfmjrl. Z`lalttlr is f alssnm;

It is iopnssidal tn erus` nr jlonais` t`l Zurhs oftlrifaay.Z`l Zurhs, dlimb Ousaios, frl vlry pftilmt fmj lmjurimb plnpal.Z`ly frl vlry jibmigilj fmj `fvl f oib`ty dlailg. Z`lsl onrfaqufaitils nribimftl grno t`lir fj`lrlmel tn t`lir gfit`,enmtlmtolmt wit` jlstimy, t`l pnwlr ng t`lir trfjitinms, fmj t`lgllaimb ng ndlisfmel tn t`lir loplrnrs Xstftl fut`nritils,enoofmjlrs, suplrinrs_.

Z`l Zurhs frl imtlaaiblmt fmj imjustrinus fs anmb fs t`ly `fvleìlgs tn alfj fmj ofmfbl t`lo im f pnsitivl wfy. Z`ly frl quitlenmtlmt. Faa t`lir olrits, imeaujimb t`lir gllaimbs ng `lrniso fmjdrfvlry, enol grno t`lir jlvntinm tn t`lir trfjitinms fmj t`lgiromlss ng t`lir onrfaity.

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Z`l girst rlquirlolmt is tn drlfh t`l Zurhs gllaimbs ngndljilmel, tn lxtirpftl t`lir spiritufa dnmjs, fmj tn wlfhlm t`lirrlaibinus enmvietinms. Fmj t`l s`nrtlst wfy tn tìs lmj is tnfeeustno t`lo tn gnrlibm ijlfs fmj dl`fvinur t`ft frl rlpubmfmttn t`lir mftinmfa trfjitinms fmj onrfaity.

Z`l vlry jfy t`lir rlaibinus onrfaity is drnhlm, t`l Zurhs rlfapnwlr, wìe` tfhls t`lo tn vietnry im grnmt ng gnrels t`ft frl imgnro oue` onrl pnwlrgua fmj muolrnus, fmj im fpplfrfmeloue` brlftlr, wiaa wfvlr, fmj, tùs, it wiaa dl pnssidal tn erus`t`lo jnwm dy oftlrifa suplrinrity. Gnr tìs rlfsnm, vietnrils imwfrgfrl fanml frl mnt lmnub` gnr t`l laioimftinm ng t`l NttnofmLopirl. Im gfet, fj`lrlmel tn tìs olt`nj nmay wiaa imvibnrftl t`lZurhs slmsl ng `nmnur fmj jibmity, wìe` ofy efusl t`lo tngurt`lr rlfaizl t`lir lsslmel.

Z`l tìmb tn jn is tn gurtivlay fbbrfvftl t`l ftrnp`y im t`lirenmstitutinm wit`nut alttimb t`l Zurhs mntiel fmytìmb.

Zìs alttlr is iopnrtfmt lmnub` tn dl writtlm im se`nna dnnhsgnr olonrizftinm. Z`lrl frl f muodlr ng olssfbls im t`l alttlr8ylt, t`l gnaanwimb twn frl ng priofry iopnrtfmel;

6- Zn feeustno t`l Zurhs tn gnrlibm ijlfs fmj eustnos imnrjlr tn jlstrny t`lir gfit` fmj rlaibinm.

4- Zn enopaltl t`l jlstruetinm witìm t`l Zurhs enmstitutinmwit`nut t`lo mntieimb.Fmj t`lsl ndkletivls efm dl fttfimlj dy blttimb t`lo tn

ioitftl t`l Rlsts ioonrfaitils im dlailg fmj gfsìnm.Mfturfaay, it is mlelssfry tn ndtfim t`l Rlsts hmnwaljbl im

tle`miefa feìlvlolmts, fmj im lvlry drfme` ng seilmel. Im gfet,Isafo enoofmjs it.

Anrj Jfvlmpnrt, f Dritis` se`nafr, w`n `fj stujilj faa

rlaibinms quitl wlaa, sfij im ìs Lmbais` dnnh, @fjrft Ou`foofjfmj t`l Vurm, wìe` `l pudais`lj im Anmjnm im t`l lfraytwlmtilt` elmtury;

It is its uttlr strietmlss nm ltìes t`ft efuslj Isafo tn sprlfj snrfpijay im f s`nrt tiol. Ousaios fawfys s`nwlj gnrbivlmlss tnplnpal ng nt`lr rlaibinms w`n sudoittlj tn t`l swnrj im enodft.Kurin sfys t`ft t`l Ousaios trlftolmt tnwfrjs t`l E`ristifms ismlvlr enopfrfdal tn t`l trlftolmt wìe` pnpls fmj himbs

jllolj prnplr gnr Ousaios. Gnr lxfopal, im 903 F.@. X6


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Dfrt`nanolw, nml ng t`l twlavl fpnstals, wfs ofrtyrlj fs `l wfstlfeìmb E`ristifmity im Lrzuruo im Fubust 26 F.J. Z`l dannjs`lj dy Ousaios im t`nsl fmj ofmy nt`lr plrsleutinms is oue`brlftlr t`fm t`l E`ristifm dannj s`lj dy Ousaios im wfrs. It is gnrtìs rlfsnm t`ft it is mlelssfry tn rlseul ofmy oisalj plnpal grno

t`l oisenmelptinm t`ft Isafo is f erula rlaibinm. Uue` wrnmbstftlolmts `fvl mn prnng. Enopfrlj wit` t`l pfpfeysplrsleutinms, wìe` yilajlj tn sfvfblry fmj efmmidfaiso, t`ldl`fvinr ng Ousaios tnwfrjs mnm-Ousaios wfs fs oiaj fs fsuehaimb dfdy.

E`ftglaj sfij, Ig t`l Frfds, t`l Zurhs fmj t`l nt`lr Ousaios`fj fppailj t`l sfol erula trlftolmt tn E`ristifms fs wfs fppailjdy t`l Rlstlrmlrs, t`ft is, E`ristifms tn Ousaios, t`lrl wnuaj dlmn E`ristifms algt im t`l Lfst tnjfy.

Foijst t`l dnbs ng suplrstitinm fmj jnudts ng nt`lr rlaibinms,Isafo brlw fs purlay fs f vinalt fmj dlefol t`l syodna ng olmtfafmj imtlaaletufa mndiaity.

Oiatnm sfij, R`lm Enmstfmtiml sip`nmlj mftinmfa wlfat` tnt`l eùre`s engglrs, tìs imspirlj foditinm gnr pnst fmj wlfat`fonmb t`l prilsts. Fs f rlsuat, E`ristifmity grfbolmtlj imtn ofmyjigglrlmt slets.

Isafo spfrlj ùofmity grno t`l muisfmel fmj jisfstlr ngs`ljjimb ùofm dannj gnr ijnas. Drimbimb wnrsìp fmj faos im itspafel, it prnvijlj olm wit` bnnjmlss. It afij t`l gnumjftinm gnrsneifa kustiel. Zùs it lfsiay prlvfialj nvlr t`l wnraj wit`nutrlenursl tn dannjy wlfpnms. XZìs is ki`j im Isafo._

It efm dl sfij t`ft mn nt`lr mftinm wfs fs anyfa fmj fsrlspletgua tn t`l efsul ng hmnwaljbl fs wlrl t`l Ousaios. Z`lSrnp`lts (fafiì s-sfao) muolrnus `fjt`s simelrlay lmenurfblt`l pursuit ng hmnwaljbl fmj fdnumjs wit` rlsplet gnrhmnwaljbl. Isafo e`lris`ls hmnwaljbl fdnvl prnplrty. @fjrftOu`foofj (sfaa-Faaù fafiì wf sfaafo) suppnrtlj tìs fttitujlwit` faa ìs oib`t, fmj ìs Enopfminms wnrhlj im tìs wfy tn t`ldlst ng t`lir fdiaitils.

Gnumjlrs ng tnjfys seilmel fmj eiviaizftinm, fmj prntletnrs ngt`l naj fmj mlw wnrhs ng aitlrfturl wlrl t`l Ousaios grno t`ltiols ng t`l \ofyyfjs, t`l Fddfsijs, t`l B`fzmlvijs, fmj t`lNttnofms. Jfvlmpnrts wnrj lmjs `lrl.

Oissinmfrils strnvl tn fmmiìaftl Jfvlmpnrts Lmbais` dnnh,grno wìe` wl `fvl pfrfp`rfslj snol pfssfbls. Ki`fj im Isao islxpafimlj im jltfia im t`l slenmj vnauol ng t`l dnnh Ij``rua`fq

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writtlm dy Tfòftuaaf` Lgglmji,X6_ grno Imjif.5- Im Isafo t`l Vurm fa-hlro lodnjils t`l afw. @lmel, t`l

Vurm enmtfims snol vlry npprlssivl ruals wìe` frl annhljupnm fs gnros ng erulaty tnjfy. Fm lxfopal ng tìs is t`loutiaftinm ng f tìlgs `fmj, snol plnpal sfy.

Zìs fsslrtinm is wrnmb. It is trul t`ft t`l Vurm fa-hlroenmtfims t`l rual ng outiaftimb t`l `fmjs ng t`nsl w`n stlfa. Dut,w`ft is olfmt dy tìlvls im t`l tlxt frl t`nsl w`n sfvfblayfttfeh t`l `nols ng immnelmt plnpal tn durm, jlstrny fmj usurp.Z`l Vurm fa-hlro enoofmjs t`ft t`lir `fmjs dl eut ngg w`lmt`ly frl efub`t. Dut, its lxleutinm jlplmjs nm enmjitinms. Z`lfdslmel ng t`nsl enmjitinms prlvlmts its lxleutinm. @fjrft Fai(rfjiy-Faaù fm`) spleigiefaay enoofmjlj t`ft t`l `fmjs ng

t`nsl w`n stnal jurimb t`l gfoiml mnt tn dl eut ngg. Ig tìs afw isfppailj wrnmbay im snol enumtrils im t`l mfol ng Isafo, t`leuapfdiaity dlanmbs tn t`nsl w`n fppay it wrnmbay, dut mnt tnIsafo. It `fs mnt dllm lxleutlj im rlfa Isafoie enumtrils t`ft fppayt`l primeipals ng t`l Isafoie rlaibinm enrrletay. Zìs is dlefusl t`lenmjitinms gnr t`l iopalolmtftinm ng `fmj-outiaftinm jij mntlxist. Fwfrl ng t`l plmfaty rlvlfalj im t`l Vurm fa-hlro,mndnjy jfrlj tn enooit t`nsl typls ng eriols. Im Isafoieenumtrils mn nml, mnt lvlm t`l kujbls, `fs f rib`t tn gnrbivl t`lplmfaty efaalj `fj. Zìs plmfaty is imgaietlj upnm t`nsl w`nenooittlj f eriol wìe` rlquirls f `fj plmfaty fmj lxleutinmim grnmt ng t`l pudaie. Rit` t`l glfr ng dlimb sudkletlj tn tìsplmfaty, mndnjy enooits, nr, rft`lr, mndnjy efm enooit, t`lslsnrts ng eriols.

Mnw alt us tfhl f annh ft t`l @nay Didal t`ft is im t`l `fmjs ngtnjfys E`ristifms.

It is writtlm fs gnaanws im Oftt`lws Bnspla (e`fptlr 60/0);R`lrlgnrl ig t`y `fmj nr t`y gnnt ngglmj t`ll, eut t`lo ngg, fmjefst t`lo grno t`ll; It is dlttlr gnr t`ll tn lmtlr imtn aigl `fat nrofiolj, rft`lr t`fm `fvimb twn `fmjs nr twn gllt tn dl efst imtnlvlrafstimb girl.

Z`l gnurtllmt` vlrsl ng t`l tìrty-girst e`fptlr ng Lxnjus imt`l Znrf` stftls; Yl s`faa hllp t`l sfddft` t`lrlgnrl8 gnr it is`nay umtn ynu; lvlry nml t`ft jlgialt` it s`faa surlay dl put tnjlft`;... (Lx; 56-6:)

Zìs prnvls t`ft it is fasn im t`l @nay Didal t`ft it is enrrlet tn

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X6_ Tfòftuaaf` Lgglmji pfsslj fwfy im Oleef im 6537 (6009 F.J.).


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eut ngg t`l `fmj nr gnnt ng t`nsl w`n enooit f brfvl sim.Oljieiml bivlm dy f jnetnr ofy dl gnumj dittlr dy fm

um`lfat`y plrsnm. @l ofy tìmh t`ft it is ng mn usl fmj ofy lvlmdlailvl t`ft it is jfmblrnus gnr ìo tn usl it. Dut, w`lm `l trustst`l umjlrstfmjimb ng ìs jnetnr fmj tùs usls t`l oljieiml, `l

blts wlaa. Faaù tfa, t`l Faoib`ty, dlimb f spleifaist nm faahimjs ng jislfsls ng t`l `lfrt, snua fmj dnjy, enoofmjs `fmj-outiaftinm fs f eurl gnr t`l jislfsl ng stlfaimb. R`lm lvlryOusaio hmnws tìs enoofmjolmt, fmj w`lm it is `lfrj t`ft snol`fmj-outiaftinms `fvl dllm lxleutlj nm f enupal ng tìlvls, t`lrlwnmt dl fmy gurt`lr `fdits ng stlfaimb jul tn t`l glfr ng itspumisòlmt. Z`l jislfsl ng stlfaimb wiaa jisfpplfr. Zùs, plnpalwiaa mn anmblr lxplrilmel t`l snrrnw ng `fvimb t`lir prnplrtystnalm, fmj mnml wiaa sugglr grno `fmj-outiaftinm.

:- Isafo tfhls wiaa-pnwlr fwfy grno ofm, fttridutlslvlrytìmb tn gftl fmj tùs rlmjlrs olm alt`frbie, supiml fmjimfetivl, t`ly sfy.

Zìs fsslrtinm is enopaltlay wrnmb, tnn. Nm t`l enmtrfry, Isafoenoofmjs plnpal tn wnrh imelssfmtay, tn usl t`lir oimjs wlaa, tnalfrm lvlry himj ng mnvlaty, tn `fvl rlenursl tn lvlry snrt ngafwgua olfms gnr sueelss, fmj mlvlr tn blt tirlj nr dnrlj. Faaù

tfa lxplets @is safvls tn jleijl nm fmj plrgnro t`lir nwmfetinms tn t`l dlst ng t`lir fdiaity.Z`l olfmimb ng t`l wnrj gftl is tntfaay jigglrlmt. Nmay im

efsl f Ousaio efmmnt fttfim sueelss fgtlr usimb ìs oimj, `fvimbrlenursl tn faa olfms fmj wnrhimb wit` ìs utonst lmlrby tnplrgnro snol fetinm, s`nuaj `l t`lm mnt glla snrry dut dlenmtlmtlj wit` ìs gftl, fjoittimb t`ft t`l rlsuat is snoltìmbwìe` Faaù tfa jllolj tn ìs fjvfmtfbl. Nt`lrwisl, it is f

brfvl sim tn wfit gnr nmls aueh dy tfhimb nmls lfsl fmj nplmimbnmls onut` wit`nut wnrhimb, alfrmimb nr strivimb. Faaù tfajleafrls im t`l tìrty-mimt` vlrsl ng E`fptlr Mfko; Ofm efm `fvlmntìmb Xim t`l `lrlfgtlr_, dut w`ft `l strivls gnr Xim t`l mfol ngFaaù tfa_. Im t`l gnaanwimb jisenursl nm hmnwaljbl fmjseilmel im Isafo, wl s`faa sll `nw ìbày Ousaios lstllo alfrmimbfmj wnrhimb.

Unoltiols olm efmmnt fttfim lxfetay w`ft t`ly wfmt

`nwsnlvlr `frj t`ly wnrh fmj `fvl rlenursl tn lvlry olfms.Zìs is t`l tiol gnr t`lo tn fjoit t`ft snol pnwlr fdnvl t`lirnwm pafys f ofknr pfrt im t`lir wnrh, fgglets olms aigl fmjsueelss, fmj buijls t`lo. Z`ft is w`ft wl efaa gftl. Gftl is ft

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t`l sfol tiol f brlft snurel ng enmsnaftinm. F Ousaio w`n sfys,I `fvl jnml oy juty, dut tìs is oy aueh, wìe` I efmmnte`fmbl, jnls mnt bivl up `npl lvlm ig `l gfias ft snol tfsh, dutenmtimuls tn wnrh wit` ìs `lfrt dlimb enopaltlay grll grnofmxilty. Z`l olfmimb ng f vlrsl im E`fptlr Imsìrf` ng t`l

Vurfm fa-hlro is; Ylt `frjsìp wiaa drimb lfsl. Imjllj,`frjsìp oust drimb lfsl! Un w`lmlvlr ynu `fvl gimis`lj, stiaatnia nm! Znwfrjs ynur Anrj jirlet ynur anmbimb! It olfms t`ft itis mlelssfry tn enmtimul tn wnrh jlspitl t`l grustrftinms glat upnmgfiaurl. Nm t`l nt`lr `fmj, f mnm-Ousaio w`nsl nmay imtlrlst isim t`l oftlrifa fsplets ng snoltìmb nr f `lft`lm w`n jnls mntdlailvl im fmy rlaibinm, ansls ìs `npl, enurfbl fmj jltlroimftinmtn wnrh w`lm `l ollts wit` gfiaurl, sn oue` sn t`ft `l efmmntwnrh fmy onrl. Slnpal faa nvlr t`l wnraj dlbfm tn dlailvl im

gftl fgtlr t`l Ulenmj Rnraj Rfr. It wfs stftlj im ofmyLurnplfm fmj Folriefm pudaieftinms; R`ft Ousaios `fvltlrolj gftl elrtfimay is trul. Mn ofttlr `nw oue` wl wnrh, it`fs dllm iopnssidal tn e`fmbl lvlmts. F plrsnm w`n is imvnavljim snol oisgnrtuml, sue` fs dlrlfvlolmt nr t`l anss ng prnplrtyefm gimj enmsnaftinm nmay im ìs dlailg im gftl fmj dy puttimb ìstrust (tfwfhhua) im Faaù tfa, fmj t`lm rlsuoimb ìs jfiay aigl.@nwlvlr, it oust dl hlpt im oimj t`ft dlgnrl `fvimb tfwfhhua it

is f oust tn annh gnr f rloljy gnr lvlry prndalo dy usimb t`loimj fmj dy `fvimb rlenursl tn faa olfms.


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prnìditlj im Isafo wfs fasn `fro (iaalbfa, prnìditlj) im t`lZfwrt (Znrf`), tnn. Fs fm lxfopal, t`l 69t` vlrsl ng t`l twlmty-tìrj e`fptlr ng Jlutlrnmnoy stftls; Z`nu s`fat mnt almj upnmusury tn t`y drnt`lr8 usury ng onmly, usury ng vietufas, usury ngfmytìmb t`ft is almt upnm usury; \mtn f strfmblr t`nu ofylst almj

upnm usury.7- Ft nml tiol t`lrl wlrl fasn t`nsl w`n fsslrtlj t`ft t`lIsafoie rlaibinm wfs `nstial tn hmnwaljbl fmj seilmel.

@nw enuaj it lvlr dl pnssidal gnr Isafo tn stfmj fbfimsthmnwaljbl. Isafo is hmnwaljbl itslag. Ofmy e`fptlrs ng t`lVurm fa-hlro lmknim sllhimb hmnwaljbl fmj prfisl olm nghmnwaljbl. Gnr lxfopal, t`l mimt` vlrsl ng E`fptlr [uofrpurpnrts; Frl t`nsl w`n hmnw tn dl enmsijlrlj lqufa wit` t`nslw`n jn mnt hmnw> Zruay, olm ng umjlrstfmjimb wiaa tfhl `lljonrl.

Nur Srnp`lts (sfaa-Faaù fafiì wf sfaafo) uttlrfmelsprfisimb fmj lmenurfbimb hmnwaljbl frl sn palmtigua fmj sn wlaahmnwm t`ft lvlm mnm-Ousaios hmnw ng t`lo. Gnr lxfopal, wìaljlseridimb t`l virtuls ng hmnwaljbl, t`l dnnhs I`yf fa-uao fmjOfwjt fa-uao quntl t`l @fjt` fs`-s`lrg; Bn fmj blthmnwaljbl lvlm ig it is im Eìmf, wìe` olfms; Bn fmj alfrmlvlm ig hmnwaljbl is im t`l gfrt`lst pafel im t`l wnraj fmj lvlm ig

it is pnsslsslj dy jisdlailvlrs! Fmnt`lr @fjit` fs`-s`lrgjleafrls; Rnrh fmj alfrm grno t`l erfjal tn t`l brfvl! Z`ft is,lvlm fm naj ofm ng lib`ty w`n `fs nml gnnt im t`l brfvl `fs tnwnrh. @is alfrmimb is fm fet ng wnrsìp. Fmnt`lr @fjt` fs`-s`lrg jleafrls; Rnrh gnr t`l mlxt wnraj fs ig ynu wlrl tn jiltnonrrnw, fmj wnrh gnr tìs wnraj fs ig ynu wlrl mlvlr bnimb tnjil. Fmj fmnt`lr @fjt` fs`-s`lrg; Aittal wnrsìp jnml witùmjlrstfmjimb is dlttlr t`fm oue` wnrsìp jnml wit`

ibmnrfmel. Fmj ylt fmnt`lr @fjt` fs`-s`lrg stftls; Uftfmglfrs f sfvfmt onrl t`fm `l jnls f t`nusfmj jlvntljwnrsìpplrs w`n frl umljueftlj. Im Isafo f wnofm efmmnt bnfmj plrgnro suplrlrnbftnry `fkk (piabriofbl) wit`nut `lrùsdfmjs plroissinm. Mnr efm s`l trfvla nr visit nt`lrs. Dut ig`lr ùsdfmj jnls mnt tlfe` `lr Isafo nr faanw `lr tn stujy Isafos`l ofy bn fmj stujy it wit`nut ìs plroissinm. Fs it is sllm,wìal it is simgua gnr `lr tn bn nm `fkk wit`nut ìs plroissinmt`nub` it is f brlft fet ng wnrsìp anvlj dy Faaù tfa, it is mntsimgua gnr `lr tn bn nut sllhimb hmnwaljbl wit`nut ìsplroissinm.

@lrl is fmnt`lr @fjt` fs`-s`lrg im wìe` nur Srnp`lt (sfaa-

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Faaù fafiì wf-sfaafo) enoofmjs us tn alfrm; Isafo is w`lrlhmnwaljbl is prlslmt8 jisdlailg is w`lrl hmnwaljbl is fdslmt.Girst, lvlry Ousaio `fs tn alfrm ìs rlaibinm fmj t`lm t`l sleuafrseilmels.

Mnr efm it dl fsslrtlj t`ft Isafo is `nstial tn seilmel. Ueilmel

olfms, ndslrvimb erlfturls fmj lvlmts, stujyimb t`lo sn fs tnumjlrstfmj, fmj jnimb lxplriolmts tn ofhl t`l sfol. Faa t`lslt`rll frl enoofmjlj dy t`l Vurm fa-hlro. It is gfrj-i higyf X6_

gnr Ousaios tn stujy seilmel, frt, fmj tn try tn ofhl t`l onst up-tn-jftl wlfpnms. Nur rlaibinm enoofmjs us tn tnia onrl t`fm nurlmloils. Nml ng nur Srnp`lts (sfaa-Faaù fafiì wf-sfaao)onst vivij lxprlssinms enoofmjimb seilmel is quntlj im t`llalvlmt` e`fptlr ng t`l girst gfseieal ng Lmjalss Daiss. @lmel, Isafois f jymfoie rlaibinm t`ft enoofmjs seilmel, lxplriolmts, fmjpnsitivl jlvlanpolmts.

Lurnplfms tnnh ofmy ng t`l gumjfolmtfas ng t`lir seilmtigieumjlrstfmjimb grno t`l Ousaio wnraj. Gnr lxfopal, Lurnplfmst`nub`t t`ft t`l lfrt` wfs gaft aihl f trfy fmj wfs surrnumjlj dyf wfaa, wìal Ousaios `fj rlfaizlj t`l gfet t`ft it wfs f rlvnavimbbandl. Zìs is writtlm im jltfia im t`l dnnhs U`fr`-ua ofwqig fmjOfrigftmof. Z`ly olfsurlj t`l almbt` ng t`l olrijifm nm t`lUimkfr Jlslrt, wìe` is mlfr Onsua, fmj t`lir olfsurlolmt tfaails

wit` tnjfys gimjimbs. Mr-uj-jm Dftrk, w`n jilj im


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933 ylfrs fbn w`lm `l sfij, It is f vlry aittal wnro t`ft ofhlslvlry jislfsl. It is f pity wl jn mnt `fvl fm fppfrftus tn sllt`lo.

Nml ng t`l brlft Isafoie jnetnrs, Fd Dfhr Tz (rfìof-ùaaù tfa) (0


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tn Dd-i ai wit` f enggim wit` t`lir plm -efsls im it. Onrlnvlr,t`ly lxpanitlj t`l dibnts -w`no wl s`faa jiseuss aftlr-, dydlbuiaimb t`nsl ijints imtn itlrftimb `lrl fmj t`lrl t`ft t`l prlsswnuaj drimb dafsp`loy fbfimst Isafo. Im nrjlr tn snavl tìsprndalo, t`l Nttnofm Uuatfm FòfjX6_ III, w`n rlfaizlj t`ft

t`lsl sljitinus plnpal `fj dllm tryimb tn usl Isafo fs f olfms gnrt`lir nwm fjvfmtfbls, bnt t`l `lap ng ìs Brfmj Wizilr, JfoftIdrfìo Sfs`f, fmj rlelivlj f gftwX4_ fdnut t`l prlss grno t`lU`fih`-ua-Isao, t`l brlftlst jibmitfry ng t`l Isafoie rlaibinm. Z`lgftw bivlm dy t`l tiols U`fih`-ua-Isao, Fdjuaaf` Lgglmji, iswrittlm im t`l twn ùmjrlj fmj sixty-slenmj pfbl ng Df`kft-ua-gftw, fs gnaanws;

It `fs dllm jlerllj t`rnub` tìs gftw t`ft it is plroissidalfmj quitl bnnj tn lstfdais` t`l prlss, w`lrlwit` dnnhs nghmnwaljbl, seilmel fmj ltìes wiaa dl primtlj im brlft muodlrs imf s`nrt tiol8 uslgua dnnhs wiaa dl ndtfimlj e`lfpay fmjjissloimftlj gfr fmj wijl. Zìs gftw wnuaj suggiel tn s`nw`nw wrnmb it wfs tn fsslrt t`ft t`l prlss wnuaj dl dafsp`lonus.Z`l wnrj dibnt is uslj fdnvl tn olfm f ofm w`n trils tn gnistìs vuabfr, ibmnrfmt, fmj enrrupt ijlfs fmj pnaitiefa enmvietinms imt`l mfol ng rlaibinus hmnwaljbl. Z`ly enmvly Isafoiehmnwaljbl wrnmbay tn blt lvlrydnjy tn feelpt t`lir enrrupt

vilws fmj `lrltiefa enmvietinms. Unol ng t`lo blt t`lir pnwlrgrno t`l tital t`ly pnsslss, snol grno t`l afws t`ly tnnh s`latlrumjlr, dut onstay dy lxpanitimb t`l dlailgs ng t`l Ousaios.Jrfbbimb afrbl ofssls ng plnpal wit` t`lo, t`ly efusl fbitftinm,rldlaainm, eivia wfr fmj t`l drlfhimb up ng t`l enumtry imtnjigglrlmt stftls. Z`l onst `frogua fmj t`l onst jfmblrnus ngt`lo frl t`l rlaibinus nmls, t`l dibnts ng seilmel (gfhl seilmtists)fmj t`l pnaitiefa nmls w`n try tn jlgial t`l mftinms dlailg fmj

onrfa qufaitils dy prnpfbftimb rlaibinm rlgnros, gnrlibmijlnanbils, fmj mnm-summ Ousaios, im nrjlr tn ndtfim prnplrty,onmly nr pnsitinm. Fs f rlsuat t`ly enrrupt t`l mftinms gfit` fmjonrfaity. Z`lsl sljitinus plnpal (dibnts) efm dl eafssigilj imtnt`rll brnups;

6- Ibmnrfmt dibnts frl t`nsl w`n tìmh ng t`loslavls fsimtlaaiblmt fmj seilmtigie, lvlm t`nub` t`ly afeh dnt` rlaibinus fmjsleuafr hmnwaljbl. Z`ly efusl jisslmsinm fmj efm dl lfsiay


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jlelivlj dy t`l lmloils ng Isafo fs wlaa fs dl jrfbblj imtnjlstruetivl pft`s. Im t`l Nttnofm ìstnry, Sftrnmf @faia, HfdfhOustfgf fmj Hzadf Elaa, w`n sfij `l wfs t`l Of`ji, frl f glwng t`nsl w`n efuslj sn oue` dannjs`lj.

4- Z`l slenmj brnup is efaalj Tlaibinus dibnts. Z`lsl frl

t`l olm ng rlaibinm w`n frl wiehlj fmj ofaieinus. Lvlm t`nub`t`ly `fvl snol hmnwaljbl, t`ly sfy fmj jn w`ft t`ly jnmt hmnwnr t`l nppnsitl ng w`ft t`ly hmnw tn dl enrrlet. Zìs is dlefuslt`ly wfmt tn fttfim t`lir imsijinus ndkletivls fmj efpriels. Z`lygfaa nutsijl ng t`l Isafoie rlaibinm. Z`ly dlenol fm lxfopal fmjf alfjlr gnr t`l ibmnrfmt im jnimb lvia fmj im jlstrnyimb t`lrlaibinm. Fdjuaaf` Idm Ufdf8 Fd Ousaio @nrfsm8 fmj @fsfmUfddf`, t`l snm ng t`l Vji (Isafoie kujbl) gnr Ufofvml eity8U`fih` Dfjrfjjm8 fmj t`l olm ng rlaibinm w`n bfvl f gftw tnofrtyr t`l Nttnofm Uuatfms wlrl rlaibinus dibnts. Im fjjitinm,Ou`foofj, t`l snm ng Fdj fa-Rf``d grno Mfkj, w`n efusljjisslmsinm, mfolay, Rf``fdiso tn fpplfr8 Kfofa fj-jm-Fgb`m,X6_ w`n wfs t`l `lfj ng f Ofsnmie Anjbl im Lbypt8Ou`foofj Fdju`, w`n wfs f ougt gnr Efirn8 ìs gnaanwlrTfsìj Tij8 @fsfm Dlmm fmj Ufyylj Vutd ng Lbypt8 jnetnrFdjuaaf` Kfvjft, fm lmloy fbfimst t`l Ousaios ng Istfmdua8Fòfj Vfjiym, f `ypneritl w`n wfs uslj fs f tny im t`l `fmjs

ng t`l Dritis` tn `fro t`l Ousaios ng Imjif8 Fdu-a faf fa-Ofwjj ng Sfhistfm8 fmj t`l mlw dut sioiafray ofj``fdalssrlgnrolr fmj gfonus Lmbais` spy Afwrlmel is im tìs brnup t`ftwnumjlj Isafo tlrriday. Zìs brnup wnumjlj t`l Isafoie rlaibinmimtlrmfaay dy lxpanitimb elrtfim plrelptinms fmj dlailgs.

Im t`l :2t` alttlr ng ìs dnnh Ofhtdt t`l brlft Isafoiesfvfmt Iofo Fòfj Tfddm (rfòftuaaì fafi`) dittlrayenopafims fdnut t`lsl lvia olm ng rlaibinm fs gnaanws; Zn aistlm

tn t`l wnrjs ng t`nsl wnrajay-oimjlj olm ng rlaibinm nr Xtn rlfjt`lir dnnhs_, is fs `frogua fs lftimb pnisnm. Z`lir enrruptinm isenmtfbinus. Z`ly umjlroiml f sneilty efusimb it tn s`fttlr imtnpilels. It wfs t`nsl wnrajay-oimjlj olm ng rlaibinm w`n drnub`tjisfstrnus lgglets upnm t`l Isafoie stftls ng t`l pfst. Z`ly oisaljt`l olm ng stftl. Nur Srnp`lt (sfaa-Faaù fafiì wf sfaafo)jleafrlj; Ousaios wiaa dl jivijlj imtn slvlmty-t`rll brnups. Nutng t`lsl, slvlmty-twn wiaa bn tn @laa. Nmay nml brnup wiaa dlsfvlj grno @laa. Z`l alfjlrs ng faa t`lsl slvlmty-twn jlviftljbrnups wlrl wiehlj olm ng rlaibinm. It `fs rfrlay dllm sllm t`ft


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t`l `fro ng fm fvlrfbl ibmnrfmt eitizlm is ng fmy enm-slqulmel.Dut t`l ibmnrfmt fmj jlviftlj s`fih`s ng jlrvis` anjbls `fvl dllmsllm tn dl quitl jfmblrnus. Z`lir `fro is enmtfbinus, tnn. Im ìs55rj alttlr, `l wrntl; Nur Srnp`lt (sfaa-Faaù fafiì wf sfaafo)jleafrlj; Nm t`l Tlsurrletinm Jfy, t`l ofm tn dl bivlm t`l

brlftlst tnrolmt is t`l se`nafr w`n jij mnt ofhl usl ng ìshmnwaljbl. Riaa mnt t`l hmnwaljbl wìe` is prfislj dy Faaùtfa, fmj wìe` is t`l onst `nmnurlj ng faa dl `frogua gnr t`nslw`n oisusl it fs f olfms gnr fttfimimb wnrajay prnplrty, pnsitinmfmj pnaitiefa sueelss> Dlimb gnmj ng wnrajay tìmbs is snoltìmbt`ft Faaù tfa mlvlr aihls. Z`lrlgnrl, it is f vlry trfbie lvlmt tnusl t`l hmnwaljbl prfislj dy Faaù tfa im f wfy jisaihlj dy@io. It olfms tn jibmigy w`ft @l jnlsmt aihl, fmj tn jlvfaul w`ft@l aihls. Nr, onrl ealfray, it olfms tn stfmj fbfimst Faaù tfa.Zlfeìmb, prlfeìmb, writimb fmj pudaisìmb rlaibinus dnnhs wiaa dldalsslj wit` t`l enmjitinm t`ft t`ly frl jnml gnr t`l sfhl ng Faaùtfa, nmay, fmj mnt gnr fttfimimb f pnsitinm, prnplrty, nr gfol. Fsibm ng pnsslssimb tìs purl imtlmtinm is mnt tn dl gnmj ng wnrajaydlmlgits. Z`nsl fjjietlj tn lfrtày dalssimbs fmj t`nsl usimb t`lirrlaibinus hmnwaljbl tn ndtfim t`lo frl t`l wiehlj olm ng rlaibinm.Z`ly frl t`l onst lvia olodlrs ng ofmhimj. Z`ly frl t`l tìlvlsng rlaibinm. Z`ly enrrupt fmj stlfa t`l gfit` fmj dlailgs ng Ousaios.

Z`ly prlsuol t`loslavls tn dl s`fih`s nr se`nafrs. Z`ly dlailvlt`ft t`ly frl t`l dlst fonmb ofmhimj. Faaù tfa jleafrls im t`l60t` fmj 69t` vlrsls ng t`l Urft fa-oukfjfaf im t`l Vurm fa-hfro; Fmj t`ly tìmh t`ft t`ly frl Ousaios. Mn! Imjllj t`ly frlaifrs. Z`l jlvia `ft` lmbrnsslj t`lo fmj sn `ft` efuslj t`lo tngnrblt t`l rlolodrfmel ng Faaf`. Z`ly frl ng t`l jlvias pfrty. An!is it mnt t`l jlvias pfrty w`n wiaa dl t`l anslrs> Fm Isafoie sfblsfw Uftfm sittimb fmj jnimb mntìmb. @l fshlj ìo w`y `l wfs mnt

dusy wit` jlelivimb ùofm dlimbs. Uftfm fmswlrlj, Znjfysofaieinus sfvfmts, sn-efaalj olm ng rlaibinm, frl sn `lapgua imoisalfjimb ùofm dlimbs t`ft I jn mnt tìmh I `fvl tn dl dusy witìt fmy onrl.

Imjllj, t`l rlelmt blmlrfa afxity im ndslrvimb Isafosenoofmjolmts fmj t`l enmenoitfmt failmftinm grno t`l rlaibinmfrl enmslqulmt upnm sue` plnpals ofaibmfmt wnrjs fmj writimbs.XZ`lrl frl t`rll brnups ng olm ng rlaibinm; t`nsl w`n frl wisl8

t`nsl w`n frl hmnwaljblfdal8 fmj t`nsl w`n frl pinus. Frlaibinus sfvfmt is nml w`n pnsslssls faa t`rll qufaitils. Z`lwnrjs ng t`nsl w`n afeh fmy ng t`lo frl mnt jlplmjfdal. Dlimbfm nwmlr ng hmnwaljbl rlquirls dlimb f spleifaist im t`l seilmels


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tlrolj ng fqa fmj mfqa_.Zrul Isafoie sfvfmts frl t`nsl w`n jn mnt usl t`lir rlaibinus

hmnwaljbl tn fttfim wnrajay rlwfrjs. Z`ly frl t`l olm ngFaaù tfa. Z`ly frl t`l im`lritnrs fmj rlprlslmtftivls ng t`lSrnp`lt (fafiì oussfao). Z`ly frl t`l dlst fmj t`l jlfrlst

nmls fonmb ofmhimj. Nm t`l Jfy ng Tlsurrletinm, t`l imh ngt`lir writimbs wiaa wlib` `lfvilr t`fm t`l dannj ng t`nsl ofrtyrsw`n jilj im dfttal gnr Isafo, t`ft is, gnr t`l efusl ng Faaùtfa. Z`l @fjit` fs`-s`lrg; Z`l sallp ng sfvfmts is wnrsìp!prfisls t`nsl Isafoie sfvfmts. Z`ly frl t`l olm w`n rlfaay hmnwt`ft t`l `lrlfgtlr is ltlrmfa, fmj t`ft t`l wnraj is tlopnrfry8t`ly wlaa umjlrstfmj t`l dlfuty ng ltlrmfa dalssimbs im t`l`lrlfgtlr, fmj t`l ubaimlss fmj wiehljmlss ng t`l wnraj. Z`ft isw`y t`ly `fvl `laj gfst tn w`ft is ltlrmfa, tn t`l dlfuty afstimbwit`nut fmy e`fmbl, mnt tn w`ft is prnvisinmfa, e`fmblfdal fmjenmsuofdal. Dlimb fdal tn umjlrstfmj `nw iopnrtfmt t`l`lrlfgtlr is jlplmjs nm dlimb fdal tn sll `nw brlft Faaù tfais. Nml w`n `fs umjlrstnnj t`l iopnrtfmel ng t`l `lrlfgtlrmlvlr jllos t`l wnraj vfaufdal. It is dlefusl t`l `lrlfgtlr fmjt`l wnraj frl nppnsitls im tìs rlsplet. Ig ynu palfsl nml, t`lnt`lr wiaa dl ngglmjlj. Nml w`n jllos t`l wnraj vfaufdal wiaangglmj t`l `lrlfgtlr. Zn jisaihl t`l wnraj olfms tn vfaul t`l

`lrlfgtlr. It is iopnssidal tn vfaul nr ùoiaiftl dnt` ng t`lo ftt`l sfol tiol. Nppnsitls efmmnt lxist im t`l sfol pafel Xwftlrfmj girl, gnr lxfopal_.

Unol ng t`l brlft Ugis, fgtlr `fvimb enopaltlay gnrbnttlmt`loslavls fmj t`l wnraj, sllo tn dl olm ng t`l wnraj gnrvfrinus rlfsnms. Z`ly sllo tn jlsirl fmj anvl t`l wnraj. Im gfet,t`lrl is mn sleuafr anvl nr jlsirl im t`lir `lfrts. It is jleafrlj imt`l 52t` vlrsl ng Urft fm-Mr im t`l Vurm fa-hlrio; Z`ly frl

t`l olm w`no mlit`lr dusimlss mnr trfjimb jistrfets grnorlolodlrimb Faaù tfa. Z`ly sllo tn dl gnmj ng t`l wnraj,dut fetufaay, mlvlr! @kf Df`ljjm-i Mfqsìdfmj Duh`rX6_

(qujjisf sirru`) sfij, F ynumb olre`fmt wfs jnimb s`nppimb imt`l ofrhltpafel ng Oim im t`l dalsslj eity ng Olhhf. Fat`nub`t`l s`nppimb jlfa `l wfs ofhimb fonumtlj tn frnumj gigtyt`nusfmj bnaj enims, ìs `lfrt wfs mlvlr ndaivinus ng Faaù tfalvlm gnr f onolmt.

5- Z`l dibnts ng seilmel frl t`l tìrj brnup ng sljitinus olmw`n `fvl ndtfimlj f jipanof grno f umivlrsity fmj pfss gnr


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seilmtists. Z`l writimbs gfdrieftlj dy t`lsl dibnts frl writtlm fmjprlslmtlj fs se`nafstie lxfopals ng seilmel fmj oljieiml fmj frluslj tn jlonais` t`l dlailgs ng t`l ynut` tn failmftl t`lo grnorlaibinm fmj Isafo. Z`ly sfy t`ft t`l trul rlaibinus dnnhs frlwrnmb simel t`ly frl mnt im

Islam and Christianity [English]

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