ISHIKAWA’S BASIC SEVEN TOOLS OF QUALITYkisi.deu.edu.tr/banu.atrek/BAHAR 2018/MBA 5064...
Transcript of ISHIKAWA’S BASIC SEVEN TOOLS OF QUALITYkisi.deu.edu.tr/banu.atrek/BAHAR 2018/MBA 5064...
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ISHIKAWA’S BASIC SEVEN TOOLS OF
QUALITY
Merve Gündüz – 2017800265
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Process Map
▪ Graphic representation of a process
▪ introduced by Frank Gilbreth to members of ASME in 1921 as the presentation “Process Charts—First Steps in Finding the One Best Way”
▪ Main purpose is to assist organizations in becoming more effective.
▪ Converts the inputs, steps, functions, and outflows of a process to morefully understand how the process works.
▪ International Organization for Standardization or ISO 9001 : 2015 encourages a process approach to quality management. It is important to understand how each process relates to other processes within the organization and how those interactions impact Quality Management
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Major Steps in Process Map
1. Process identification - identify objectives, scope, players and work areas.
2. Information gathering - gather process facts (what, who, where, when) from the people who do the work.
3. Process Mapping - convert facts into a process map.
4. Analysis - work through the map, challenging each step (what-why?, who-why?, where-why?, when-why?, how-why?)
5. Develop/Install New Methods - eliminate unnecessary work, combine steps, rearrange steps, add new steps where necessary
6. Manage process - maintain process map in library, review routinely, and monitor process for changes
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Process mapping is capable of supporting several important business goals:
▪ Business process improvement
▪ Training
▪ Process / workflow clarification
▪ Regulatory compliance
▪ Internal audit
▪ Role clarity (RACI)
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Process Map
Process
AlternateProcess
Decision
Input/Output
DocumentStart/Stop
Inspection
Delay
PredefinedProcess
Storage
MultipleDocument
Preparation
Manuel Operation
Manuel Input
Flow Line
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y7g8vWv11Vk&t=188s
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Cause and Effect Diagram
▪ Also known as Fishbone Diagrams, Ishikawa Diagrams, HerringboneDiagrams, and Fishikawa Diagrams
▪ Devised by professor Kaoru Ishikawa, a pioneer of quality management, in the 1960s. The technique was then published in his 1990 book, "Introduction to Quality Control."
▪ Identifies many possible causes for an effect or problem. It can be used to structure a brainstorming session. It immediately sorts ideas into useful categories.
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How to Use the Tool?
▪ Step 1: Identify the Problem
▪ Step 2: Work Out the Major Factors Involved
▪ Step 3: Identify Possible Causes
▪ Step 4: Analyze Your Diagram
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GlK-putpPAM&t=52s
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What is Check Sheet?
▪ Check sheet is an easy to use form used to collect required data systematically and in simplest manner.
▪ Check sheet is a format used as an aid in assembling, compiling andanalyzing data.
▪ The purpose of the check sheet is to make it easy to collect data forspecific purposes and to present it in a way that facilitates conversionfrom data to useful information.
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When to Use Check Sheets?
▪ When the data can be observed and collected repeatedly by eitherthe same person or the same location.
▪ When collecting data on frequengy and identifying patterns of events, problems, defects, and defect location, and for identifyingdefect causes.
▪ When data is to be recorded manually.
▪ When the recording involves counting, classifying, checking orlocating.
▪ When it is useful to chech each measurement.
▪ When it is useful to see the distribution of measures.
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Advantages of Check Sheets
▪ Effective way of displaying data
▪ Easy to use
▪ Can identify the root cause of a problem
▪ First step in the construction of other graphical tools.
▪ Provides a structure for uniform data collection
▪ Can be used to substantiate or refute allegations.
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Types of Check Sheets
▪ Production process distribution check sheets
▪ Defective item check sheets
▪ Defect location check sheets.
▪ Defect cause check sheets
▪ Check-up confirmation check sheets
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Defect Cause Check Sheet Example
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Defective Item Check Sheet