ISDE Dialog Styles10
-
Upload
ismael-rodrigues -
Category
Documents
-
view
221 -
download
0
Transcript of ISDE Dialog Styles10
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
1/39
1
Interaction Styles
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
2/39
2
Introduction In order to get a system or a device to do
something for us we need to be able to
communicate/ interact with that system There are different was user can do this
How do you communicate with your MP3 to get itto play the music you want to hear?
How do you get a the snack or drink that youwant from a vending machine?
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
3/39
Remember the coffee
machine!!
3
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
4/39
4
Interaction styles The choice of interaction style will
depend on The type of task The user
The environment
It will also depend on the technologyand the choice of input and outputdevices
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
5/39
5
The Primary Styles of
Interaction Q & A
Menu selection
Form fill-in
Command language
Direct manipulation Natural language/Anthropomorphic
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
6/39
6
Q & A Simple interaction style
Users respond to series of questions
Input is usually Y/N or a particularsingle input
Print whole document?
No of pages to print?
No of copies
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
7/397
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
8/398
Advantages of Q & A Easy to learn
Good for novice or casual users
Errors can be trapped
User is led step by step through thetask
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
9/399
Disadvantages of Q & A Task has to be clearly defined and quite
narrow
Have limited functionality
Not sophisticated
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
10/3910
Menu Selection
Employs metaphor of restaurant menu
Users read list of items; select appropriately
according to task; apply syntax to indicate selection;confirm choice; initiate action; observe effect
Designers may need to use careful task analysis toensure all functions supported conveniently, and thatterminology is appropriate and consistent in use
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
11/3911
Advantages and
Disadvantages of Menus Advantages
shortens learning curve
reduces keystrokes
structures decision-making
permits use of dialogue-management tools
allows easy support of error-handling
Disadvantages imposes danger of deep-nested menu hierarchies may slow frequent users
consumes screen real estate
requires rapid display rate
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
12/3912
Menus Activity How might you structure a menu for
the following options
Print in a WP application
Selecting a patient from a medicaldatabase
To find the price of a particular car
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
13/39
Menu Task Looking 4 Picture Gallery
Memory Card
Images
Video Clips
Music
More Options
13
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
14/39
Images Empty
14
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
15/39
Memory Card Dictionary
Pre defMusic
Pre dev Videos
Themes
More
15
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
16/39
More Themes
Graphics
Tones
Recordings
Received Files
16
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
17/39
??? Graphics
Tones
Games
Collection
More Images
17
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
18/39
I will try ImagesYipee! Worth waiting for??
18
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
19/39
19
Form Fill-in
Paper forms can be used as metaphor (orindeed, template)
Users see a display of related fields; move acursor among the fields, and enter data asappropriate
Designers need to ensure that users
understand field labels, appropriate valuesand the data-entry method, and are capableof responding to error messages - some usertraining may be necessary
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
20/39
Form Fill
20
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
21/39
21
Form Fill Activity List 10 applications where you would
consider using a form fill dialogue
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
22/39
22
Advantages and
Disadvantages of Form Fill-in Advantages
simplifies data entry
requires modest training
makes assistance convenient
permits use of form-management tools
Disadvantages consumes screen real estate
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
23/39
23
Form Fill Activity How can you minimise the risk of a user
entering the date incorrectly in a date
field? How can you make it clear to the user
what the mandatory fields are?
What do you think the task structure forgetting an on-line car insurance quoteshould be
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
24/39
24
Command Language
Appropriate metaphor may be military paradeground!
Users learn syntax; can express complex possibilitiesrapidly without reading distracting prompts
Designers must allow for high error-rates; diversity ofpossibilities and complexity of mapping from task tocomputer syntax is hard; user training is necessary
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
25/39
25
Advantages and Disadvantages of
Command Language Advantages
flexible
appeals to power users
supports user-initiative
convenient for creating user-defined macros
Disadvantages poor error handling
requires substantial training and memorisation
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
26/39
26
Command Language activities For a travel agency airline reservation
and enquiry system how might a
command based dialogue system beutilised?
Why do you think this style could be an
advantage / disadvantage
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
27/39
27
Anthropomorphic/Natural
Language Utilises conversational metaphor
Aims to interact in same way that humans interactwith each other
Natural Language - Usersspeak orenter naturallanguage sentences; computer often seeksclarification before beginning task
Anthropomorphic - Recognise gestures, facial
expressions, eye movements Designersneed to understand task domain to narrow
range of interpretations to manageable level; designis extremely difficult
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
28/39
28
Natural language What would be the advantages of using
natural language for a train ticket
enquiry system? What would be some of the
disadvantages?
List 3 applications where it could be abenefit
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
29/39
29
Advantages and Disadvantages of
Natural Language Advantages
relieves burden of learning syntax
Is natural no need to learn -no training!
Can be good for people with physical disabilities
Disadvantages requires clarification dialogue
may require more keystrokes/slow prone to errors
may not show context
is unpredictable
Domain areas where it can be used are very limited
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
30/39
30
Direct Manipulation
Metaphoris of a virtual world representing the realworld
Userspoint at visual representations of objects andactions, carry out tasks rapidly and see immediateresults; keyboard control replaced by cursor-motioncontrol devices
Designersneed to choose appropriate icons and
graphics to successfully immerse the user - minimaluser training indicated
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
31/39
Direct Manipulation
31
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
32/39
32
Advantages and Disadvantages of
Direct Manipulation Advantages
presents task concepts visually
easy to learn
easy to retain
permits error avoidance
encourages exploration
permits high subjective satisfaction
Disadvantages May be difficult for physically impaired Require graphics displays and pointing devices
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
33/39
33
Shneidermans Eight Golden
Rules of Dialogue Design1. Strive for consistency
2. Enable frequent users to use shortcuts
3. Offer informative feedback4. Design dialogues to yield closure
5. Offer simple error handling
6. Permit easy reversal of actions7. Support internal locus of control
8. Reduce short-term memory load
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
34/39
34
Menu-Selection & Form Fill-in
Additional Guidelines
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
35/39
Menu selection design
guidelines Semantic organisation
sensible, understandable, memorable
menus must have logical grouping ofoptions based on users task
single menu is simplest, but options are few
(in GUIs radio buttons or check boxes can be
used)
binary (Yes/No) menus are a possibility
extended menus (multiple pages are morenormal)
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
36/39
Extended menus
Strategies for extended menus include
multiple screens accessed hierarchically
scrollable single windows
pull-down menus: lower levels invisibleuntil accessed from a top menu bar
pop-up menus: context-sensitiveavailability of option lists
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
37/39
Menu selection guidelines
Use task semantics to group menu options
Use broad and shallow options rather than narrowand deep
Make items brief; show position by numbers,graphics or titles
Use meaningful sequences of items
Use consistent grammar, layout, terminology Provide short-cuts (e.g., hot-key combinations)
Allow jumps to previous menus
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
38/39
Form fill-in design
Meaningful titles - dictated by task, not computer,semantics
Comprehensible instructions
brief, jargon-free instructions preferred
Logical grouping and sequencing of fields
close as possible to paper form template
Visually appealing layout
uniform spacing is better than crowded areas
Familiar field-label names and order of entry
left-to-right, top-to-bottom but with task logic in mind
-
7/28/2019 ISDE Dialog Styles10
39/39
Form fill-in: Error handling and
feedback Error correction for individual characters and entire
fields
user should not be forced to complete data entrybefore backtracking to make corrections
Clear error-messages and on-line help for invalidentries
Optional and compulsory fields clearly distinguished
Clear completion signal
avoid making completion automatic; explicit confirmation offinish is preferable