ISBUC Proposal : Status and Alternatives
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Transcript of ISBUC Proposal : Status and Alternatives
ISBUC Proposal: Status and Alternatives
III ISBUC MeetingMauritius, June 29-July 3, 2009
Manoel Regis Lima Verde Leal
CENEA-Ceará
NIPE/UNICAMP
ISBUC MEMBERSHIP
Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute Mauritius
SA Canegrowers Association South Africa
CRC Sugar Industry Innovation Through Biotechnology
Australia
Centre D‘Essai de Recherche et de Formation Reunion
Kenana Sugar Company Limited Sudan
CENGICANA Guatemala
ZeaChem Inc. USA
Sugar Research and Innovation, Queensland University of Technology
Australia
Tongaat Hulett Sugar Ltd South Africa
Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Centre Thailand
Omnicane Milling and Thermal Energy Operations
Mauritius
ISBUC Objectives
To promote research to convert sugarcane biomass into value-added products;
To establish collaboration among research providers;
To use the input of sugar companies and other stakeholders to direct research priority for maximum benefit.
ISBUC Meetings
Preliminary Planning Meeting: South Africa (July 2006)
Regular Meetings Maceió, Brazil (November 2006) Durban, South Africa (August 2007) Products Two proposals for project development: Vinasse: life cycle analysis and cost
assessment of different methods for its disposal
BIG/GT: Design, construction and evaluation of a sugarcane biomass gasification pilot plant with 3 MW
BIG/GT Proposal(1)
Objective To design, construct and extensively test a 3 MWe BIG/GT
bagasse/trash fueled power plant in a sugar mill for the evaluation and improvement of the technological drawbacks of this technology at industrial scale.
Specific Objectives .To evaluate a fluidized bed industrial gasifier (mainly feeding
system, efficiency and gas cleaning). .To evaluate the operation of a gas turbine adapted to low
calorific value gas use. .To establish the BIG/GT system real operating achievable
efficiency and the potential for improvement. .To identify, evaluate and solve the main operational problems of
the system. .To calculate the BIG-GT system economic indicators and
perform technical-economic analysis.
BIG/GT Proposal (2)
Justification The necessity of a first industrial pilot scale test facility
to progress toward commercial implementation of this technology.
The high cost of the first industrial prototype makes international funding and collaboration necessary.
High efficiency electricity generation is extremely important in the actual context of a diversified food and energy producing sugarcane industry,
Among ISBUC members there are research institutions and groups with expertise in bagasse gasification and BIG/GT system modeling.
Feedback to ProposalVinasse
Apparently no interest
It is only important to large scale ethanol producers
Feedback to ProposalsBIG/GT
Why BIG/GT? Hydrolysis, two stage gasification, other.
Why electricity and not biofuels and other products? Why 3 MW? See the GT’s available for low BTU gas
and decide. Some important points need clarification and
justification: why is BIG/GT needed? Why was it chosen? Will it be attractive to mill owners? Business case; Project Plan; high fiber cane; Capital and operating costs; Revenues; Economic analysis; What happened to other demo plants?
Two stage project: Feasibility study and development of detailed design and cost estimates.
Questions to Be Answered
Are 2nd G technologies really better than 1st G What are the alternatives? Which is closest to commercial stage? What is the economy of scale? Why a demo plant? What size and where? What funds will be needed to make it profitable? Where to go for funding? Investment, operating costs and revenues? What is the expected learning curve? Energy cane, what should it look like? Sugarcane trash availability, quality and cost?
New Topics For Consideration
The future of sugarcane industry How much can we get from sugarcane Final products The cane of the future Maximum use of sugarcane biomass
Sugarcane Today
Feedstock for food industry Breeding aiming at increase in sucrose/ha Fiber: bagasse used inefficiently and trash
is wasted Very few countries have focus on energy as
an important product
Brazil: ethanol
Mauritius: electricity
BRAZILIAN AVERAGE DISTILLERY(2005)
Factory conditions . Steam conditions: 22 bar/300 ºC . Process steam consumption: 500 kg/tc (330 kWh/tc) . Mechanical energy consumptions: 16 kWh/tc . Electricity consumption: 12 kWh/tc . Plant overall efficiency: 84% . Surplus power generations: 0 . Surplus bagasse: 8%
Sugar cane characteristics (Macedo, 2004) . Pol % cane: 14.5 . Fibre%cane 13.5 . Reducing sugars%cane 0.56 . Cane productivity 68.7 t/ha/yr (82.4 t/ha harv.)
TRS=158 kg/tc resulting in 86 l ethanol/tc
Primary Energy of Sugarcane (2005)
Component Energy (MJ)
150 kg of sugars 2,500
135 kg of stalk fibres 2,400
140 kg of leaf fibres 2,500
Total 7,400
68.4 tc/ha/yr 510 GJ/ha/yr
(12.1 toe)
Energy Recovery (2005)
1 tonne of clean stalks
Products Energy (MJ)
86 L ethanol 2,000
80 kWh 290
Total 2,290
Recovery efficiency = 30.9%
Driving Forces For ISBUC
The potential to increase energy recovery;
The potential to increase revenues; The future of sugarcane industry: the
energy concept; The importance of reducing GHG
emissions;
Sugarcane Evolution in Brazil
Conventional breeding
1975 – 2000: +33% yield and +8%Pol
2000 - 2020: same annual improvement
Conventional distillery
Steam conditions (bar/0C): 22/300 to 85/520
Process steam (kg/tc): 500 to <340
Process efficiency (%): 84 to 90
The Future
Possible deviations from BAU scenario
GM sugarcane;
Maximum use of sugarcane biomass;
Second generation biofuels from fiber;
Energy cane.
Objectives of the III ISBUC Meeting
To decide the future steps Which technology to pursue; The concept of the joint effort proposal: Objective Structure Responsible group Time schedule What to take to XXVII ISSCT Congress.
Final Comments (1)
Sugarcane is a food feedstock but it is the best biofuel feedstock
Sugarcane to energy cane transition
-Phase 1: adapt present technology and cane varieties to maximize energy products
-Phase 2: breed cane for energy and combine first and second generation technologies for maximum energy recovery and minimum cost
Final Comments (2)
Long term view : two routes -Food industry with energy co-products:
conventional sugarcane breeding and processing
-Energy industry: energy cane with integrated first and second generation technologies; trash and gasification will be key players
Final Comments (3)
KEY ISSUES
Green cane harvesting with trash recovery Energy cane breeding Energy cane harvesting Energy cane processing: new paradigm Plant scale and year round operation
THANK YOU !
Dr. Manoel Regis Lima Verde LealCENEA–Centro de Energias Alternativas e Meio AmbienteNIPE/UNICAMP
E-mail: [email protected]