ISBN - Dilko Yayıncılık · 34 DflLKO YAYINLARI READING ACTIVITY LEVEL PASSAGE 15 1 2 3...

Tüm hakkı saklıdır. 5846 ve 2936 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Yasası Hükümleri gereğince yayıncının yazılı izni olmaksızın bu kitabın tamamı veya bir kısmı elektronik ortam dahil kopya edilemez, çoğaltılamaz.

ISBN: 978-605-2248-56-0

Baskı Yeri: Yazın Basın Yayın Matbaa Turizm Tic. Ltd. Şti. (Sertifika No: 12028)

Ziya Gökalp Mah., İ.O.S.B. Çevre Sanayi Sitesi 8. Blok No: 38-40-42-44 Başakşehir / İstanbul Tel: 0(212) 565 01 22

Yayımlayan: Moya Modern Yayınlar ve Eğt. Hiz. Tic. Ltd. Şti. (Sertifika No: 19955)

Aydınevler Mah. Preveze Sk. No: 15 Maltepe / İstanbul Tel: 0(216) 450 60 30 Gsm: 0(507) 815 20 97 WhatsApp: 0(533) 146 34 10 [email protected]

www. d i l k oy ay i n c i l i k . c om

DİLKO markası, Dilko Eğitim ve Yayıncılık Tic. Ltd. Şti.’nin tescilli markasıdır. Markanın, Türkiye’deki basılı ve digital yayıncılıkta tek yetkili kullanıcısı, Moya Modern Yayınlar ve Eğitim Hizmetleri İnş. San. Tic. Ltd. Şti.’dir.

CONTENTS

LEVEL 1

PASSAGE 1-15 ................................................................................ 4-35

LEVEL 2

PASSAGE 16-35 .............................................................................. 36-77

LEVEL 3

PASSAGE 36-50 .............................................................................. 78-109

ANSWER KEY ................................................................................. 110

PASSAGE 1-15

L E V E L1

34READING ACTIVITY DİLKO YAYINLARI

READING ACTIVITYL E V E L1 2 3PASSAGE 15

VOCABULARY CHECK

A. Fill in the blanks with a word from the target vocabulary list.

1. Tigers once ____________ over most of Asia but now there are only a few species left.2. His secretary told me that Mr Johannes would not be ____________ until next morning.3. The forecast clearly warned that there is a(n) ____________ of a snowstorm tonight.4. I told the officer that the vehicle did not ____________ to me and that I did not know the owner.5. My father ____________ this organization with all his energy and passion for twenty years.6. Explorers always wondered whether Atlantis had existed and why it had ____________.7. Reptiles are cold blooded ____________ like snakes, lizards, crocodiles and turtles.8. The one thing I am ____________ about is that I will miss this city a lot.9. They have found many valuable ____________ artefacts in the excavation site.10. I always read medical ____________ and science periodicals to learn more about the subject.

DINOSAURTARGET VOCABULARY

1. rule2. reptile3. roam4. huge5. comparison6. creature7. remain8. size9. journal10. claim11. extinct12. discover13. prehistoric14. belong15. hornless16. rhinoceros17. certain18. immense19. possibility20. serve21. giant22. disappear23. mystery24. continent25. available

Dinosaurs ruled our world for about 150 million years. Dinosaurs were reptiles and were the greatest animals on Earth. After the age of dinosaurs had ended about 65 million years ago, mammals became the largest animals to roam the Earth. Huge mammals weighed almost 17 tons. The biggest mammal of our age, the African elephant, by comparison, weighs only about 6.5 tons. When dinosaurs roamed the Earth, mammals were small creatures that remained the same in size for over 150 million years. The journal Science claims that after dinosaurs had become extinct, mammals became larger and larger but then stopped growing. In the 1990s, a French team discovered prehistoric fossils in Baluchistan. The fossils belonged to an extinct hornless rhinoceros, the Baluchitherium, which lived about 40 million years ago. It was 5 meters tall and had the size of three elephants. Scientists are not certain how mammals got that immense. One possibility is that during the age of dinosaurs, they often had to fight for food and served as food for the giant reptiles themselves. When the dinosaurs disappeared, nobody was there to eat the leaves of trees and plants. So, for the first time, mammals had plenty of food to eat. Why mammals stopped growing is also a mystery. One theory claims that continents became smaller and there wasn’t enough land available.

35DİLKO YAYINLARI READING ACTIVITY

PASSAGE 15

COMPREHENSION CHECK

B. Decide if the following statements are true or false.

1. Dinosaurs were smaller than mammals. True False2. Dinosaurs became extinct about 150 million years ago. True False3. Even before dinosaurs became extinct, mammals grew larger. True False4. While dinosaurs lived on earth, mammals could not find the suitable True False conditions to grow bigger. 5. It is not exactly known why mammals stopped growing. True False

C. Answer the following questions.

1. How long did dinosaurs live on Earth? __________________________________________________. 2. How much did a huge mammal weigh after the time of dinosaurs came to an end? __________________________________________________.3. What was the size of the Baluchitherium discovered by a French team? __________________________________________________.4. Why may mammals have grown so much bigger after dinosaurs became extinct? __________________________________________________.5. What is one possibility that explains the reason behind the fact that mammals stopped growing? __________________________________________________.

D. Complete the following sentences according to the passage.

1. _______________________________________________________ about 65 million years ago.2. According to the journal Science, _________________________________________________.3. In the 1990s, _____________________________________________, which were 5 meters tall.4. It is possible that after dinosaurs became extinct, mammals grew bigger because ___________.5. It is possible that due to the fact that continents became smaller and there wasn’t enough land

available, ____________________________________________________________________.

KEY POINT: instead & instead of

We use instead, which means in the place of someone or something, between two sentences.

We use instead of, which means in the place of someone or something, before a noun.

“Let’s not go out. Instead, let’s stay home.”

“Instead of going out, let’s stay home.”

GRAMMAR CHECK

E. Choose the correct option(s).

1. You don’t need to use olive oil instead / instead of you can use sunflower oil. 2. The board rejected my plan instead / instead of they brought forward an alternative one. 3. I was chosen for the play instead / instead of Alice. 4. He was going to sleep instead / instead of he preferred to go out. 5. I am going to an interview on Monday instead / instead of Friday.

PASSAGE 16-35

L E V E L2



VOCABULARY CHECK


1. While buying a house, you must consider all ____________ costs.2. The devastating earthquake caused thousands of buildings to ____________ in the city.3. Finding a decent day-care centre is one of the many problems ____________ by working mothers.4. After the party, I had to deal with a(n) ____________ of dirty dishes in the kitchen. 5. The latest CD of the band is a(n) ____________ of their new and old songs.6. If we work together, I know that we are going to get out of this difficult ____________.7. When the rain stopped, I saw that the garden was filled with ____________ and water.8. The firm ____________ to increase its sales especially in the first half of the year.9. With his lawyer’s ability to ____________ the case properly, the accused was found not guilty.10. The cliffs on this coast have been ____________ by the sea continuously for centuries.

VENICETARGET VOCABULARY

1. face2. environmental3. disaster4. handle5. lagoon6. attract7. threaten8. expect9. collapse10. situation11. giant12. cruise13. sail14. mud15. erode16. pile17. barrier18. affect19. mixture20. release21. additional22. construction23. pose24. threat25. recover

Venice is facing environmental disaster. Italia Nostra, an environmental organization says Venice can handle about 30,000 tourists every day, far less than the 60,000 that come to the lagoon city now. It suggests that Venice attract fewer, but richer tourists. Venice is threatened by rising sea levels and Mediterranean storms. In the next hundred years the sea level of Venice’s lagoon is expected to rise by about 50 cm. Old buildings, churches and cultural sites are in danger of collapsing. The situation has become worse because of the giant cruise ships that sail into the city. Waves push up mud and sand which erode wooden piles on which the buildings stand. The Italian government has started building a flood barrier that is supposed to keep out the water from the Adriatic Sea. Environmentalists fear that such a barrier will affect the natural life of the lagoon which has a mixture of salt and freshwater. Venice’s lagoon is a home of plants that release additional oxygen into the sea. Without such plants, water coming from the Adriatic Sea would make the lagoon saltier.New construction projects pose another threat to Venice. The government is planning an underwater subway connecting Venice with a new town on the mainland. Environmentalists say this would be a disaster from which Venice would never recover.


PASSAGE 35

COMPREHENSION CHECK


1. The number of tourists coming to Venice is more than the city can deal with. True False2. Rising sea levels and Mediterranean storms are not a threat to True False

Venice any more.3. The sea level of Venice’s lagoon has risen by 50 cm during the last century. True False4. The giant cruise ships are not allowed to sail into the city any more. True False5. The flood barrier that is being built may have negative environmental True False

consequences.


1. How many tourists a day visit Venice currently? __________________________________________________. 2. What is the suggestion made by Italia Nostra about the tourism in Venice? __________________________________________________.3. What is the projection regarding the sea level of Venice’s lagoon in the future? __________________________________________________.4. What is the effect of the giant cruise ships on Venice? __________________________________________________.5. What do environmentalists think about the new subway project? __________________________________________________.


1. According to Italia Nostra, _____________________________ should not be more than 30,000.2. Rising sea levels and Mediterranean storms ________________________________________.3. ____________________________________________________, the situation may get worse.4. ___________________________________________ but it may harm natural life of the lagoon.5. ____________________________, which is a project absolutely criticized by environmentalists.

KEY POINT: relative clauses: whose & whomWe use whose if the person / thing we are talking about has / owns the thing we mention in the relative clause. We use whom if the person / thing we are talking about is the object of the verb in the relative clause. “I have a friend whose father is a politician.” “I have a friend whom I have known since primary school.”

GRAMMAR CHECK


1. We did not know the actor whose / whom we met at the ceremony.2. The writer whose / whom books are very popular among teenagers earns a lot. 3. The man, whose / whom I dined with last night, is the owner of the company where I work. 4. The film whose / whom story is about global warming has won some awards.5. The police officer whose / whom I gave my passport to asked me some questions.

PASSAGE 36-50

L E V E L3



VOCABULARY CHECK


1. You tend to buy on ____________ and you should give up that habit of yours.2. Towards the end of the war, political agreements ____________ troop withdrawals.3. The author took it well when he was ____________ criticized on his work.4. You must ____________ in computer skills if you want to work in this department.5. There has been a slight ____________ in our plans but we will finish the project on time.6. As we arrived at our ____________ hungry, we looked for a restaurant right away.7. The old ____________ of the city caused problems in the winter.8. The inspectors had death ____________ from those who objected to government inspections.9. We must stand in the way of anything that ____________ the progress of our nation.10. I believe everyone should have Internet access at a(n) ____________ price and use it.

TOURISMTARGET VOCABULARY

1. up-trend2. resort3. cater4. specialise5. niche6. market7. target8. destination9. infrastructure10. accessible11. affordable12. estimate13. board14. retirement15. sustain16. facilitate17. inclusive18. quote19. tailor20. impulse21. setback22. threat23. vast24. severely25. hamper

There has been an up-trend in tourism over the last few decades, especially in Europe, where international travel for short breaks is common. Tourists have a wide range of budgets and tastes, and a wide variety of resorts and hotels have developed to cater for them. For example, some people prefer simple beach vacations, while others want more specialised holidays or niche market-targeted destination hotels. The developments in technology and transport infrastructure, such as jumbo jets, low-cost airlines and more accessible airports have made many types of tourism more affordable. The WHO estimated in 2009 that there are around half a million people on board aircraft at any given time. There have also been changes in lifestyle, for example some retirement-age people sustain year round tourism. This is facilitated by internet sales of tourist services. Some sites have now started to offer dynamic packaging, in which an inclusive price is quoted for a tailor-made package requested by the customer upon impulse. There have been a few setbacks in tourism, such as the September 11 attacks and terrorist threats to tourist destinations. Also, on 26 December 2004, a tsunami hit the Asian countries on the Indian Ocean, including the Maldives. Thousands of lives were lost including many tourists. This, together with the vast clean-up operations, stopped or severely hampered tourism in the area for some time.


PASSAGE 50

COMPREHENSION CHECK


1. There is an expansion in tourism sector recently. True False2. Tourists of today seem to like the same type of holiday. True False3. With the advances in various fields, tourism appeals to more people True False financially today.4. Internet sales have helped the growth in tourism. True False5. Acts of terrorism and natural disasters do not seem to have any True False effect on tourism.


1. What is the current situation in Europe as regards the tourism sector? __________________________________________________. 2. How did the developments in technology and transport infrastructure affect tourism? __________________________________________________.3. How many people were on board aircraft at any given time in 2009 according to WHO estimates? __________________________________________________.4. What is the role of the retired people in tourism today? __________________________________________________.5. What was the effect of the September 11 attacks and 2004 tsunami on tourism? __________________________________________________.


1. _______________________ so there are different types of resorts and hotels available to them.2. _________________________________ whereas others prefer more specific type of vacations.3. Jumbo jets, low-cost airlines and more accessible airports are some of the reasons _________.4. _________________________________ for those who look for a personalized holiday package.5. Tourism is badly affected by natural disasters such as ________________________________.

KEY POINT: relative clauses: whom & preposition + whomWe use whom to talk about a person who is the object of the verb in the relative clause.We use a preposition before whom if the verb in the relative clause needs a preposition. “Here comes the man whom we saw yesterday.” “Here comes the man about whom we were talking yesterday.”

GRAMMAR CHECK


1. The student whom / at whom the teacher got angry will be punished by the principal. 2. The musician whom / of whom people admire will give a concert tonight. 3. The guest whom / for whom Shelia has been cooking is a very important man. 4. This is the doctor whom / in whom I mentioned to you last week.5. The colleague whom / with whom I have been working for years will get a promotion.

ANSWER KEY

ISBN - Dilko Yayıncılık · 34 DflLKO YAYINLARI READING ACTIVITY LEVEL PASSAGE 15 1 2 3...

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