Isabel Briggs Myers &Katharine C. Briggs (1940’s) Coming out of Carl Jung’s work (1920’s)

MYERS-BRIGGS MBTI®1959

OBJECTIVES

DIMENSIONS OF OPPOSITES

EXTROVERT (E) INTROVERT (I)

SENSOR (S) INTUITOR (N)

THINKING (T) FEELING (F)

JUDGING (J) PERCEIVING (P)

NOW, YOU PREDICT AS I DESCRIBE…..

Click icon to add picture•EXERCISE

•ARMS

•NAME

EXTROVERT/INTROVERT(E/I)WHERE DO WE GET ENERGIZED?

EXTROVERTS: external, outer-directed, energized by people and external events

INTROVERTS: Reflective Inner- directed, reflective, introspective, depleted by people

SOURCE OF ENERGYExtroversion (E)

Receive Energy from interacting with people,

direct attention outward Sociable & expressive Extend themselves into the

environment Put themselves in the foreground* Enjoy working in groups* Given a problem – What do you

do? Go to others first

Talk things over in order to understand them

Work out ideas by talking through**

Prefer action over reflection

Introversion (I)

• Receive energy from reflecting, direct attention to inner world

• Private & contained

• Defend against external demands/intrusions

• Stay in the background*

• Enjoy working alone or w/ one or two others*

• Given a problem - Want to think before talking to others

• Think things through to understand them

• Work out ideas by reflecting**

• Prefer reflection over action

• Consider and think deeply

• Think-Speak-Think

• Prefer written communication• E-mail, Written Communication

• Narrow interests – more in depth

NOT THIS!!

Susan Cain’s talk: the Power of Introverts

EXTROVERTS-72%

INTROVERTS- 28%

H TT P : / / W W W. T E D . C O M / TA L K S / S U S A N _ C A I N _ T H E _ P O W E R _ O F _ I N T ROV E RT S . H T M L

SENSOR/INTUITOR (S/N)

HOW WE TAKE IN INFORMATION

SENSOR: Uses the five senses, trusts and remembers facts, action-oriented, concrete, the actual

INTUITOR: Looks at all the possibilities, considers the whole, conceptual, imaginative, patterns in the data

GATHERING INFORMATION

Sensing (S)

• Want to know what is…Here & Now

• Prefer the tried & true -Trust what has worked in the past

• Prefer information that is real & tangible*

• Understand ideas & theories through practical application

• Like hearing facts and details first*

• Take in info sequentially (Especially during change)

• Build carefully & thoroughly to conclusion

• Need sequential steps to get understand big picture**

Intuition (N)

• Want to know what could be …Future Possibilities

• Prefer the new & untried • Value imagination and trust inspiration*

• Take in information in random ordering

• Focus on patterns and meanings of data

• Remember specifics when related to patterns

• Bounce around

• Big picture first, then other information**

• Move quickly to conclusion- follow hunches

• See problems as opportunities to innovate

• Talk generalities

• Desire change

• Imaginative & verbally creative

THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS GENERALLY APPLY TO ME:

Sensing (S)

I remember events as snapshots of what actually happened.

I solve problems by working through facts until I understand the problem.

I am pragmatic and look to the “bottom line.”

I start with facts and then form a big picture.

I trust experience first and trust words and symbols less.

Sometimes I pay so much attention to facts, either present or past, that I miss new possibilities.

Intuition (N)

I remember events by what I read “between the lines” about their meaning.

I solve problems by leaping between different ideas and possibilities.

I am interested in doing things that are new and different.

I like to see the big picture, then to find out the facts.

I trust impressions, symbols, and metaphors more than what I actually experienced

Sometimes I think so much about new possibilities that I never look at how to make them a reality.

SENSOR-76%INTUITOR -24%

S OR N? YOU CHOOSE

THINKING/FEELING (T/F)

YOUR DECISION MAKING STYLE

THINKING: intellectual, deliberate, analytical, exact, logical, impersonal

FEELING: Spontaneous, empathetic, people-oriented

MAKING DECISIONS

Thinking (T)• Seek general truths when

making decisions• Give objective advice• Logical decision making• Problems, cause & effect,

Weigh pros & cons• Prefer things to be objective• Have an interest in data• Data or fact oriented• Remain detached when

making a decision

Feeling (F)

• Seek individual and interpersonal harmony when making decisions

• Give supportive advice

• Harmonious decision making• problems: impact on people• put weight on values• prefer things to be personal

• Have an interest in people-People-oriented

• Remain personally involved when making a decision

• Look for qualities to praise

• May appear “tender-hearted”

• Strive to be compassionate- All treated as individuals

T OR F? YOU CHOOSE

FEELERS NEED THINKERS

THINKERS NEED FEELERS To analyze

To organize

To fire

To stand firm against opposition

To hold to policy

To persuade

To conciliate

To forecast how others will feel

To teach

To sell

JUDGING/PERCEPTION (J/P)HOW WE DEAL WITH THE OUTSIDEHOW THE PERSON REGARDS COMPLEXITY.

JUDGING: Prefers DM ( T or F), desires closure, likes deadlines, outcome oriented, neat, planned, orderly

PERCEIVING: Prefers data collecting (S or N) , adaptable, open, fluid, process oriented, resist making a decision, flexible

LIFESTYLE – ORGANIZING LIFE

Judging (J)

• Make short & long-term plans

• Scheduled, organized lives

• See routines as effective

• Systematic & methodical

Systematic communication

• Like to have things decided – avoid last minute stressors

• Quickly commit to plans & decisions

• Like to come to closure and act on decisions

• Finish tasks before the deadline

• Want things to be settled & structured

• Stressor: indecisiveness

Perceiving (P)

• Flexible, casual lives• See routines as limiting• Like to adapt & change course• Like things loose – feel energized by

last minutes stressors• Reserve the rights to change plans

& decisions• Like to remain open and adapt to

new information• Finish tasks at the deadline• Want things to be flexible & open

Spontaneous communication• Stressor: “premature” closer• Open-minded

J OR P? YOU CHOOSE

COGNITIVE LEARNING STYLESFOR E/I

E/I:

Extraverted types learn best by talking and interacting with others. By interacting with the physical world, extraverts can process and make sense of new information.

Introverted types prefer quiet reflection and privacy. Information processing occurs for introverts as they explore ideas and concepts internally.

COGNITIVE LEARNING STYLES

FOR S/N

S/N:

Sensing types enjoy a learning environment in which the material is presented-detailed and sequential. Sensing types often attend to what is occurring in the present, and can move to the abstract after they have established a concrete experience.

Intuitive types prefer a learning atmosphere in which an emphasis is placed on meaning and associations. Insight is valued higher than careful observation, and pattern recognition occurs naturally for Intuitive types.

COGNITIVE LEARNING STYLESFOR T/F

T/F:

Thinking types desire objective truth and logical principles and are natural at deductive reasoning.

Feeling types place an emphasis on issues and causes that can be personalized while they consider other people's motives.

COGNITIVE LEARNING STYLESFOR J/P

J/P:

Judging types will thrive when information is organized and structured, and they will be motivated to complete assignments to gain closure.

Perceiving types will flourish in a flexible learning environment in which they are stimulated by new and exciting ideas.

RANGE OF DECISION STYLES

STSensation/Think

NTIntuition/Think

SFSensation/Feel

NFIntuition/Feel

Focus of Attention

Facts Possibilities Facts Possibilities

Method of Handling Things

Impersonal Analysis

Impersonal Analysis

Personal Warmth

Personal Warmth

Tendency to Become

Practical Logical Sympathetic Enthusiastic

Expression of Abilities

Technical Skills with facts & objects

Theoretical & technical development

Practical help, service for people

Understand & communicate with people

•SUMMARY EXERCISE

•Mix groups and have them answer following question:

•“How would you (or your business organization) use knowledge from a tool like the MBTI in teams?”

COMBINATIONS OF DECISION MAKING (T/F) AND THE EXTERNAL ORIENTATION (J/P)

LEADING/FOLLOWING STYLES

TJ

TP

FP

FJ

Logical Decision Makers

Adaptable Problem Solvers

Supportive Coaches

Values-Based Decision Makers

TJLOGICAL DECISION MAKERS

Analytical Decisive leader. Make decisions based on principles and systems, overall impact and rational assessment of outcomes. Can be tough-minded in implementing decisions.

Effective implementers of policies IF they respect the leader.

TP ADAPTABLE PROBLEM SOLVERS

Lead by example. Value and display technical expertise, create consistent, orderly frameworks for working. Objective, skeptical, curious. Will change course as new info comes in.

Effective problem solver IF interested.

FPSUPPORTIVE COACHES

Warm, flexible, encouraging leaders. Support individual work styles and like to involve others in decisions. Prefer collegial relationships, shared rewards, consensus in decisions.

Energetic followers IF treated with respect.

FJVALUES-BASED DECISION MAKERS

Warm, decisive leaders. Make decisions based on their personal vales and empathy with others. Strive for harmony, consensus, supportive environment. Are expressive and often inspiring.

Loyal followers IF the leader honors their values.

LEADING/FOLLOWING STYLES

TJ

TP

FP

FJ

Logical Decision Makers

Adaptable Problem Solvers

Supportive Coaches

Values-Based Decision Makers

NT. Rationals. Visionary, Architect

NF. Idealist.. Catalyst, Diplomat

SP. Artisans. Troubleshooter

SJ. Guardians. Stabilizer, Traditionalist

NT RATIONALS: VISIONARY, ARCHITECT

Need power over nature, mastery, self-control

Value concepts, ideas, progress, truth, theory, intelligence. Likes to be thought of as an expert.

Prefer to perpetually learn, to categorize, design, strategize, organize

Core: Must be competent.

NF. IDEALIST: CATALYST, DIPLOMAT

Need Meaning and significance

Value relationships, ethics, morality, genuineness, cooperation, authenticity

Prefer to advocate, facilitate, give advice, dream

Core: Significance, uniqueness

SP. ARTISANS: TROUBLESHOOTER

Need freedom to act, ability to make an impact

Value excitement, aesthetics, adventure, variety, performance

Prefer promotion, crises management, adapting to new, participating in games

Core: Freedom, recognition, see the fruit of their labor

SJ. GUARDIANS: STABILIZER, TRADITIONALIST

Need membership, belonging, responsibility

Value rules, security, conformity, stability

Prefer to provide, protect, supervise, make rules

Core: Being responsible. Take care of all the details. Need to belong to the organization.