Is Affordable Broadband in 5G a

Challenge or an Opportunity ?

F Mekuria, PhD., Chief Research Scientist

CSIR Meraka Institute

Pretoria 0001, South Africa.

IEEE 5G Summit

University of Pretoria

2017-05-03

Outline

Affordable Broadband Definition !

Proposed 5G standard : An Urban Standard ?

Lack of emerging market use case scenarios ?

Bridging the Urban & Rural Divide ?

Synergetic Opportunities for 5G & Affordable Broadband

5G Initiatives : Local & International

Contributions for WRC-19, Rel. 15 & 16 of 5G standards !

The 4th leg of 5G : Affordable Broadband.

IEEE ComSoc & CTN 5G Series of articles.

Can 5G support the struggle for Digital Inclusion in the

knowledge economy ?

Thank you

Defining Affordable Broadband : SA-Connect

2

5 Mbps , 90% of the Population by 2020.

100 Mbps, 50 % of the population, 2030.

Cost of Broadband per month should be

~ 2.5 % of average income !

International Definitions vary in Bandwidth & Cost of

Broadband:

(ITU,ATU, FCC, Ofcom,…..)

Thank you

Synergetic Opportunities for 5G &

Affordable Broadband

2

Broadband GDP : High demand for Affordable Broadband…. & Societal ICT based services.

Demand from Internet Service Industry to connect the next billion unconnected.

5G Research on Energy Efficiency & Green Networking Rural

5G Research on Spectrum Sharing & Spectrum Toolboxes Rural Internet

5G Research on SDN/NFV … Cost of infrastructure. 5G Enabled Digital Transformation

Unique Features : Low Power Networks & Spectrum Flexibility !

Enabling Regulatory Frameworks & Co-existence !

Addressing the 78+ % Unconnected

Urban

&

Rural

Divide !

How to get the

Terabytes/sec

submarine cable

bandwidth inland !

- GLSD enabled

… DSA networks!

Co-existence &

Affordability ?

Broadband ~ GDP

Thank you

ITU-R Definition of 5G Use cases : The 3 + 1 legs

2

Usage Scenario Applications Requirements

Enhanced Mobile Broadband

UHD Video, Virtual Reality, cloud gaming

1, 10, 50 Gb/s . (6-15 GHz band)

Ultra Reliable Communications

Industrial Automation, Self-driving cars

Low latency ~ 1.5 ms

Massive machine Type Communications

Smart-home, Sensor Nets

Energy efficiency, Low BW

Affordable Broadband

Ultra low cost rural connectivity

5-100 Mb/s Low Power/ Green Energy Networks

Spectrum Flexibility and Toolboxes: Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DSAN)

© CSIR 2017

Under-utilization of Allocated Radio Frequency Spectrum :

Need for Spectrum Sharing & Channel Aggregation !

Not Allocated

Thank you

Mobile Wireless Standards : Iceberg Ahead !

2

The mobile revolution, > 7 Billion Subs. Broadband as a basic necessity for all. • ~ 22 % Broadband Connectivity in Africa (ITU)!

1000x Increase in Traffic by ~2020 !

o Internet of things (IOT) & the 50 Billion Devices

for M2M connectivity

o Increased Bandwidth Requirement for Wireless Services (e-Health, e-Edu, e-Bank, e-Gov, ….

o Increased number of broadband Subscribers + Devices: Smart phones & Tablets

o Need for more

Spectrum a Network Capacity

9

Wireless Network Capacity : Shannon’s Formula

© CSIR 2015

Network Capacity Spectral

EfficiencyAmount of Spectrum

Number of Base

Stations= X X

Densification

Spectrum Sharing

A Model-Based Approach to Spectrum Sharing & Dynamic Spectrum Management

(Augmented with Spectrum Sensing !)

SSD

Thank you

Spectrum Databases : Turning Spectrum

Scarcity to Spectrum Abundance

• RF spectrum is a scarce national resource

Shannons Formula:

• Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) – Co-existence Toolbox (GL-DSA) and sharing

in: {F, S, T, Pt} dimensions

– Future Wireless: Cognitive Radio Technologies: Rogue Device Detection & SKA Application

TVWS

11

SKA Radio Quite Zone

𝐶 = 𝐵. log2 1 + 𝑆 𝑁

Affordable DSA based TVWS Broadband Network

Fixed Wireless TVWS Base

Station: Network trial in

Western Cape Results:

◦ Connected 10 schools some

already had ADSL connectivity

◦ Served over 16000 students

with 4Mbps (average) ~ 16 Mbps

peak

◦ Co-existent Operation for over 2

years without causing any

interference to TV broadcasting

TVWS network for M2M & IoT

TVWS Network :

Ghana, Accra – GTUC

Botswana, BITRI

TVWS BS &Antenna

GLSD

Fiber Connection

ICASA

DM WISPs

Industry

Rural Schools Health Clinics

Municipality

Africa-wide DSA TVWS Broadband Network

Internet

5 km

8.5 km

Achimota SH School

GTUCAbeka Campus

4 km

2 km

Accra SH School

5 km

Odorgonoi SH School

St. Mary’s SH School

Accra Girls SH School

9 km

BS - GTUC Main Campus

GTUC Tesano (main) Campus

CSIR CHPC

CSIR Geo-location

Spectrum Database

WP 3: Implementation of GTUC TVWS Test-Bed

Lead Partner: GTUC

WP 1: TVWS Capacity Building

Lead Partner: CSIR

WP 2: TVWS Test-bed Implementation Support

Lead Partner: CSIR Supporting Partner: GTUC

WP 4: Hosting of Ghana GSDB

Lead Partner: CSIR

International Networks UK OFCOM

Setting a Global Dynamic Spectrum Standard

Contributing to Development of the Tools, Standards & Policy

for Global Dynamic Spectrum Access & Sharing

in Future Wireless Networks

WSD, PMSE

Spectrum Toolboxes

Future Wireless Networks

4th Leg of the 5G Mobile Standard:

Affordable Networks Based on Spectrum Sharing

• Contributions to 5G Standardization for Rural 5G and connecting the Next Billion

with Affordable Broadband : IEEE Com Society, Dec. 2015,

• WSDBs beyond the TV Band and Co-existence with LTE/5G standards: 2 PhDs

• 5G & Disruptive Innovation : Dynamc Spectrum Access Networks

• Organized 5G & DSA Forum at IEEE Dyspan 2017 !

Health

IoT/M2M

IMT-2020

© CSIR 2017

GLSD

Smart Networks Provided by 5G for M2M & IoTs

7B

2016

Smart Phone Architectures & Service Proliferation

Voice

Control

© CSIR 2013

B

Modulate Encoder

Source

Demodulate Decode

Source

Software Defined Radio; Software Defined Network Control & management, Software Defined Radio & Spectrum Resource

allocator

Future Wireless Network Devices

A-GLSD PAWS++

RF Sense

© CSIR 2017

Sensor Transducer Signal Pre- Processing

A-GLSD

Cognitive

Engine+Sensing

SDR

Spectrum Sharing & DSA regulation Challenges

Driven by National Development Plans : BB GDP

A desire to harness and effectively utilize National Spectrum

Resources for Affordable broadband innovation.

Resource Constrained Telecom Regulatory Authorities.

Roadblocks by Short- term Thinking :

TV Broadcasters & Mobile Network Operators

White Space Spectrum Identification, Co-existence &

Regulatory Toolbox Maturity ! ~ CSIR GLSD ~ Ofcom /FCC

Co-existence manager : GLSDs

Supporting Development of Innovative DSA Regulations:

ICASA,….Ghana-NCA,..Botswana, Malawi, …..

5G International Standardization Efforts

METIS2020, H2020_5GPP,….. Europe

Global 5G Alliance, TIA,. US

Korean 5G Forum Initiatives. Korea

IMT2020 (5G) Promotion Group , China

IEEE 5G Initiative, Spectrum, Network &

Device R&D

ITU 5G Focus Group: IMT2020, ITU WRC 19.

5G Next Gen Mobile Network (NGMN) :

Operator lead Use cases, Spectrum, IPR,….

ICASA 5G Forum & 5G Research Alliance

Perform R&D in proposed 5G network &

spectrum standards: propose relevant Network

& Spectrum use cases for South Africa and

emerging economies.

Contribute and participate in 5G Standards

supported by R&D results, Addressing the

unique use cases of South Africa and

developing economies.

Support ICASA, African Regulators & Industry

in Affordable Broadband Innovation.

Conclusion

Spectrum Sharing & DSA regulation : Spectrum, Co-existence

& Regulatory Toolboxes for White Space Networks !

Defining a 4th leg for 5G : based on spectrum sharing and

affordable broadband ? The Emerging Economy Context !

Smart Spectrum Sharing & Green Network R&D to

contribute to ITU 5G Vision and standards (ITU IMT2020,

3/5GPP Release 15, WRC-19,…).

Smart DSA Networks and Regulation to enable IoT/M2M ?

ICASA 5G Forum and R&D Alliance to Contribute to the 5G

Standard and improve impact of 5G in Emerging Economies.

How can Emerging Economies Benefit from the 5G Digital

Transformational Impact : New Industry, Job creation,...

© CSIR 2017

Thank You ! fmekuria@csir.co.za

It is in our hands to make a difference ! ……………..N. Mandela.