IS 466 ADVANCED TOPICS IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS

LECTURER : NOUF ALMUJALLY

28 – 11 – 2011

College Of Computer Science and Information, Information Systems Department

2Hospital Information System

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Objectives

• HIS definition• Benefit of HIS• HIS for Different Departments• Selecting a Hospital Information System 

Hospital Information System (HIS)

• Support of Clinical and Medical Patient Care Activities in the Hospital

• Administration of the Hospital’s Daily Business transactions (financial, personnel, payroll, bed census etc.)

• Evaluation of Hospital Performance and Cost , and projection of the long-term forecast

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HIS Definition

• A hospital information system ( HIS ) is essentially a computer system that can manage all the information to allow health care providers to do their jobs effectively

• HIS supports all hospital functions and activities such as • patient records• Scheduling• Administration• charge-back and billing

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HIS Definition

• “a set of interrelated components working together to gather, retrieve, process, store and disseminate information to support the activities of health system planning, control, coordination and decision-making, both in management and service delivery”

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Con.

• There are various titles and acronyms which all declare similar approaches to managing the information flow and storage in hospital routine services, as• Hospital Information System (HIS), or• Healthcare Information System, or• Patient Data Management

System (PDMS)

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Architecture

• HIS supported in client-server architectures for networking and processing. 

• Modern hospital information systems typically use fast computers connected to one another through an optimized network.

• These computers are programmed to collect, process, and retrieve patient care and administrative information ensuring better ROI and delivery of service.

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Con.

• Replace the paper-based transmission of medical documents with standardized electronic communication.

• A centralized information system can be customized according to the specific requirements of a hospital. 

HIS Stakeholders

HIS must consider all groups of persons• physicians• nurses• administrative staff• technical staff• health information managers• patients• visitors• suppliers

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Hospital Information System

Registration Consulting Ward Nursing

Pharmacy

Stores & Purchase

RadiologyLaboratoryOT Blood Bank

Diet & Kitchen

And more...

Benefits of HIS12

Investment in HIS may result in many benefits:

• helping decision makers to detect and control emerging and endemic health problems, monitor progress towards health goals, and promote equity;

• empowering individuals and communities with timely and understandable health-related information, and drive improvements in quality of services;

• improving governance, mobilising new resources, and ensuring accountability in the way they are used.

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Con.

An effective HIS also delivers benefits such as:• enhances information integrity• reduces transcription errors• reduces duplication of information entries

HIS output

• Information about patients:• correct, relevant and up to date, accessible by the

right persons at the right site in a usable format

• Knowledge about diseases• about the effects of drug interaction, to support

diagnosis and therapy

• information about the quality of patient care, hospital performance and costs

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In other words15

HIS should provide:• the right information and• the right knowledge• at the right time• in the right place• to the right people• in the right form

so that these people can make• the right decisions

16 HIS for Different Departments 

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HIS for Different Departments 

• Modern HIS includes many applications addressing the needs of various departments in a hospital.

• They manage the data related to the clinic, finance department, laboratory, nursing, pharmacy and also the radiology and pathology departments. 

181 -Nursing Information Systems

( NIS ) 

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Nursing Information Systems ( NIS ) 

• These computer based information systems are designed to help nurses provide better patient care.

• A good NIS can perform a number of functions and deliver benefits such as:• improving staff schedules

• accurate patient charting: is a system that keeps all

vital patient information in the same place every time. 

• improve clinical data integration.

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Con.

• The nursing department can have a better managed work force through schedule applications enabling managers to handle absences and overtime.

• Nurses also use it for admission information, care plan and all relevant nursing notes.

• All important data is securely stored and can be retrieved when required.

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Con.

• Clinical data integration is also very useful, allowing nurses to collect, retrieve and analyze the clinical information and then integrate it to design a patients' care plan.

• All these features in NIS ultimately lead to a reduction in planning time and better assessments and evaluations. The chance of prescribing the wrong medication also decreases since there is always a reference for electronically prescribed drugs.

22 2 -Radiology Information System (RIS)

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Radiology Information System (RIS)

• A radiology information system (RIS) is a

computerized database used by 

radiology  departments to store,

manipulate and distribute patient

radiological data and imagery.

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Con.

An RIS has several basic functions:

1. Patient management• An RIS can track a patient’s entire workflow within

the radiology department• images and reports can be added to and retrieved

from electronic medical records (EMRs) and viewed by authorized radiology staff. 

2. Scheduling • Appointments can be made for both in- and out-

patients with specific radiology staff.  

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Con.

3. Patient tracking• A patient’s entire radiology history can be tracked from

admission to discharge.  The history can be coordinated with past, present and future appointments. 

4. Results reporting• An RIS can generate statistical reports for a single patient,

group of patients or particular procedure

5. Billing• An RIS facilitates detailed financial record-keeping,

electronic payments and automated claims submission.   

263 -Pharmacy Information Systems

(PIS)

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Pharmacy Information Systems (PIS)

• Pharmacy information systems (PIS) are complex

computer systems that have been designed to

meet the needs of a pharmacy department.

• Through the use of such systems, pharmacists can

supervise and have inputs on how medication is

used in a hospital.

• Designed to address the demands of a pharmacy

department

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Con.

An PIS has several basic functions:

1. Clinical Screening• The Pharmacy Information System can assist in patient

care by the monitoring of drug interactions, drug allergies and other possible medication-related complications.

• When a prescription order is entered, the system can check to see if there are any interactions between two or more drugs taken by the patient simultaneously or with any typical food, any known allergies to the drug, and if the appropriate dosage has been given based on the patient’s age, weight and other physiologic factors.

• Alerts and flags come up when the system picks up any of these.

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Con.

2. Prescription Management• The Pharmacy Information System can also be use

to mange prescription for inpatients and/or outpatients.

• When prescription orders are received, the orders are matched to available pharmaceutical products and then dispensed accordingly depending on whether the patient is an inpatient or outpatient.

• It is possible to track all prescriptions passed through the system from who prescribed the drug, when it was prescribed to when it was dispensed.

• It is also possible to print out prescription labels and instructions on how medication should be taken based on the prescription.

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Con.

3. Patient Drug Profiles• These are patient profiles managed by the Pharmacy

Information System and contain details of their current and past medications, and known allergies.

• These profiles are used for clinical screening anytime a prescription is ordered for the patient. 

4. Report Generation• Most Pharmacy Information Systems can generate

reports which range from determining medication usage patterns in the hospital to the cost of drugs purchased and /or dispensed.

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Con.

5. Inventory Management• Pharmacies require a continuous inventory culture

in order to ensure that drugs do not go out of stock.• When done manually it is very difficult to maintain

an accurate inventory.• Pharmacy Information Systems aid inventory

management by: maintaining an internal inventory of all pharmaceutical

products providing alerts when the quantity of an item is below a

set quantity providing an electronic ordering system that

recommends the ordering of the affected item and with the appropriate quantity from approved suppliers.

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Con.

6. Interactivity with other systems• It is important that Pharmacy Information Systems

should be able to interact with other available systems such as the clinical information systems to receive prescription orders and financial information system for billing and charging.

33Selecting a Hospital Information System

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Selecting a Hospital Information System criteria

1. Total cost of package• HIS providers are happy to visit and discuss

the requirements of your hospital with you.• Solutions are available for hospitals of all

sizes and budgets.• It is important to have a hospital information

system that has a low cost of ownership.• Some vendors reduce costs by having a

design that requires less hardware and fewer servers.

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Con.

2. Web based system• A good HIS system must be available on the

web.• Availability on the web means authorized

personnel can access the information whenever they want from anywhere.

• A web based system becomes even more important if it is used to share information between two or more hospitals.

• Healthcare facilities in different geographic locations can share relevant data quickly if they use an internet based HIS.

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Con.

3. Implementation and support• Change is always resisted by humans and

deploying or upgrading a hospital information system may also invite employee criticism.

• It is always better to ask the vendor for support in an implementation and request for staff training.

• Choose a vendor that offers 24x7 support via the telephone or web, so your hospital staff can immediately access support.

What should you do this week ?

• Review the lectures• Submit the assignment on Saturday 3-12

,during the lecture time• Tutorial for GIS

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Questions ??