IRRIGATION TECNIQUES IN MURCIA REGION

SAVING WATER IN HOUSING

Introducción The autonomous community of the Region of

Murcia is located in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula, the Mediterranean shoreline. The temperatures are in accordance with the Mediterranean arid model, annual precipitations are very scarce. Difficult conditions for the crop have given rise to a technological innovation aimed at finding effective solutions. This has allowed that currently the Region of Murcia is one of the world most advanced agricultures.

IRRIGATION The rapid growth of the murcian irrigation systems during the last

decades has been accompanied by an intense process of modernization and modernization, positioning the industry among the most outstanding in Europe. The extension of the surfaces protected by greenhouses and the wide dissemination of the modern techniques of localized irrigation are indicators of this process. Currently, Murcia is located between the first Spanish provinces.

Products most irrigated Irrigation techniques are not equally appropriate for all crops and its

initial expansion has given way to stagnation of surfaces irrigated located during the last five years. Recently, spraying techniques are gaining more prominence for some horticultural plantations. In the Region of Murcia, more than 30% of the irrigated area is equipped with irrigation systems, drip. In irrigated main crops are fruit trees including citrus (lemon and orange) and bone (peach and apricot) with more than 80% of its irrigated area. Also highlights the olive grove with 9,000 has watered in 2011 and melon with 100% of its surface in irrigation and fourth cultivation of irrigated land in importance. Main crops watered in the region of Murcia:

Products and servicesIRRIGATION

The range of manufactured products is wide: spray plastic, brass, accessories, polyethylene, PVC, aluminum pivot irrigation, drip pipe tapes, systems. Also human error has actively worked in the development of new irrigation systems that provide maximum accuracy and eliminate completely. This has been necessary to move from traditional systems to high-tech systems, much more precise and efficient due to its automation. These advances will be join the experienced in the field of accessories, such as pH sensors, conductivity sensors and other systems that help the plant to assimilate all the nutrients better and get higher yields and higher quality.

VALVES

There are several Murcia companies that marketed all over the world systems of valves, which, thanks to its automation offer important advantages when it comes to controlling the quantities of water required by each holding. For this purpose have been developed measuring magnetic flow, suction, hydraulic membrane valves, pumps and other accessories. The Region also has test benches which allow optimizing and testing of these systems. The improvement of systems of control of entry and exit of water offers major advantages when it comes to more precisely control irrigation which is necessary in every place.

SOFTWARE AND AUTOMATION

The companies in Murcia are pioneers in the development and manufacturing of software and hardware necessary for the control of all and each of the automated processes that are included in an agricultural facility, climate-control, Fertigation, irrigation systems, etc. It is computer management programs which are adapted according to the specifications of each product. For this reason, the companies in this sector have established very complete departments to work elbow elbow hydraulic, agricultural, electrical engineers and electronics branch. They are prepared and verified prototypes, for what many have benchmarks that simulates the behavior of each installation. These programs have been a major breakthrough in managing control of greenhouses, greatly facilitating the task of cultivation on plantations. Other systems allow the introduction and the data recovery operation and production in the workplace, through GPS, mobile phones, etc.

FERTIGATION

A key sector in the technological revolution that in recent years has experienced the murcian agriculture was the sector of Fertigation, more accurate dosing techniques of water irrigation and fertilizer necessary in each crop. This entails important savings in labors, a better distribution of resources, as well as providing a greater job security, to avoid that the operators have to deposit fertilizers entering the greenhouse. These systems, fully computerized and automated, control the amount of water and fertilizer needed and correct parameters of electrical conductivity, pH, which is very advantageous in high yielding crops. These teams have been more sophisticated with the passage of time and today are phytosanitary humidifiers that, combined with fans, distribute fertilizers in the form of suspended fog, which is located on the underside of the plant, thus obtaining maximum efficiency. The radial injectors are another application of the field of Fertigation.

ENGINEERING AND PROJECTS

It is the technology at the service of the farmer who can obtain the maximum performance to the automated processes of exploitation in this way. Several of the murcian companies advise and design these projects demanded all over the world, and for which is has excellent professionals able to design, test and operating any type of integrated installation, as well as to train professionals in destination for the maintenance thereof. It is precisely that capacity to develop integrated projects valued more abroad, and there are many Latin American, North African and Middle East countries that require the services of the companies in Murcia to the development of such projects. Precisely, these improvements tend to lower the costs of systems and to reduce the maintenance thereof. It's high-tech equipment and a life increasingly long, in the direction which are running new rings filtering systems or new plants of Fertigation automatic, with a more simple management and increased efficiency.

TRAINING

One of the great advantages of the agricultural development of the region has been its training structure, in the Region of Murcia there are universities which develop all training and research where it is formed to agronomists and agricultural engineers, both specialized in agrarian and food industries as in gardening and horticulture. They also play an important role in the formation of researchers to other research centre's dependent on the community autonomous located in key areas of agricultural production that are complemented by private entities to increase the transfer of technology. Some of the agencies that drive advances of murcian agriculture are: Instituto Murciano research and development in agriculture and food (IMIDE), as well as laboratories of quality and an important biotechnology Department; the Centro de Edafología y biology Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS).

FOREIGN TRADE The Region of Murcia, with €

21,11 billion, was the leading Spanish region in export of irrigation systems, followed by Madrid, community and Valencia and Basque country (2011) the main markets for Murcia products match nationals in the 3 main positions in the ranking of customers: Morocco, Cuba and France.

Saving water in housing

Taps for sinks

At the faucets for sinks that have shower or rotating ejectors, saving water, air adore perlizadores or flow-reducing systems can also be installed. With the installation of these systems you will never lose neither comfort nor efficiency. If you install aerators with Venturi system, which mix water with air using the pressure of the tap, you'll save water and improve the mixture of soaps and detergents.

Saving water for shower systems

To save water in the shower must be installed and flow reducers, between the shower and the faucet (its installation is very simple); complete faucets or artichokes that already incorporate them. When you purchase these water-saving systems, request that dispense 8 litres per minute to 2.5 bar, will get significant water and energy savings. Feel free to devices that announce only percentages of savings and request provided that they indicate the amount of water dispensed at a given pressure.

Double-tap toilettes Double-tap cisterns are very efficient water-saving systems for

dwellings. They allow to opt for a partial discharge of, approximately, 3 litres or total of 7 liters. If your toilet does not have this mechanism, the installation is very simple. When you install be sure to regular volumes of half and full download according to your needs.  It is not advisable to insert objects into the toilet in order to reduce the volume of water they use, since they may hinder the functioning of the systems of shock or closing and leak from water.