Iron Steel Ind in China
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Iron & steel industry in China
Quit
What are the locational
changes in the iron and
steel industry in China?
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Iron & steel industry in China
Quit
How important is the iron and steelindustry in China?
Iron and steel industry is a very important industry
because it provides basic _____________ used by
many other industries.
raw materials
Iron and steelindustry is very
important to
China too.
Do you know
what Chinasrank in the
world is in
terms of steel
production?
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Iron & steel industry in China
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How important is the iron and steelindustry in China?
Major crude steel
producers in the world,
2005
Which bar
shows Chinas
data?
SouthKorea
RussiaUSAJapanChina
What is Chinas
share in world
steel production?
______%30.9
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Iron & steel industry in China
Quit
How important is the iron and steelindustry in China?
Major net importers
of steel, 2004
Although China
produces a lot
of steel, it still
needs to import
plenty of steel to
meet domestic
demand.
ItalyIranThailandUSA China
What is Chinas
rank as a net
importer of steel
in the world?
Why does China
need to produce
and consume
so much steel?
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Iron & steel industry in China
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What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
1950sIn this period,
iron and steel
works were
mainlyconcentrated in
the __________,
for example,
north-east
What were the
major locational
factors of the
iron and steelindustry in China
during this
period?
Anshan
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Iron & steel industry in China
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Locational effectMajor locational factors
_______________
To save
transport costs- iron ore
- limestone
They are heavy and
______
Locate near to iron ore fields
_______________-oriented
What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
1950s
Raw materials
bulky
Raw material
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Iron & steel industry in China
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Locational effectMajor locational factors
________________
To save
transport costs- coalIt is heavy and _________
Locate near to coal mines
______________-oriented
What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
1950s
Power resources bulky
Power
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Iron & steel industry in China
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What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
Anshan
1950sEarly 1950s to late 1970s
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Iron & steel industry in China
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Locational effectMajor locational factors
Raw materials Raw material-oriented
What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
Early 1950s to late 1970s
Power resources Power-oriented
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Iron & steel industry in China
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Locational effectMajor locational factors
What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
Early 1950s to late 1970s
_____________ policyGovernment
- _________ reasons:avoid industries from
being attacked
- _________ reasons:
~ balance economicdevelopment~ relieve the problem of
overpopulation in the
coastal regions
strategic
social
_______ shift of industriesInland
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Iron & steel industry in China
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What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
Early 1950s to late 1970s
Government policy is a particularly
important locational factor in China not
only in this period but also in the laterperiod. Do you know why?
It is because the economy in China is
________________.
Most iron and steel works are_______________.
state-planned
state-owned
& C
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Iron & steel industry in China
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How does the
distribution ofiron and steel
works change
during this
period?
There is ageneral shift to
the ________
regions.
coastal
What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
1970sEarly 2000s
Can you namesome of the
major iron and
steel centres?
What are themajor locational
factors of iron
and steel
industry in
China nowadays?
1980s to the present
Shanghai
BeijingAnshan
I & t l i d t i Chi
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Iron & steel industry in China
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Locational effectMajor locational factors
What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
Government policy
- _______ policy
- the policy of having
some regions
developed first
open
Shift of industries to the
_________ regionscoastal
1980s to the present
I & t l i d t i Chi
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Iron & steel industry in China
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Locational effectMajor locational factors
What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
_______________
advancements
- use of newfurnaces
Technological Less coal and iron ore are used
1980s to the present
The locational importance of_________________ and_____________ decreases
- _______ iron canbe used
The locational importance of________ and ___________________ increases
raw materialspower resources
scrap
market
- use of ________carriers and betterrailway transport
bulk
Lower transport costs of powerresources and raw materials
coastal
location
I & t l i d t i Chi
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Iron & steel industry in China
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export
import
What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
1980s to the present
Why does the
coastal
locationbecome more
important?
It is because:
it is easier to _______
raw materials from
overseas;
it is easier to _______
finished products to
overseas markets.
I & t l i d t i Chi
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Iron & steel industry in China
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What other
favourable
locational
factors coastal
regions have?
What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
1980s to the present
( Small / Big )
markets
_______________economies
Agglomeration
Iron & steel industry in China
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Iron & steel industry in China
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What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
1980s to the present
Shekou Port, Shenzhen
and
Main railway line
Line under construction
Railway junction/
Terminus
Iron & steel industry in China
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Iron & steel industry in China
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What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
1980s to the present
___________
flat land
Extensive
Can get land through
______________reclamation
Water for_________cooling
Iron & steel industry in China
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Iron & steel industry in China
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East47%
Central35%
West
18%
What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
1980s to the present
Abundant supply of
__________ labour
Percentage of graduates withsenior secondary educationor above in the threeeconomic regions, 2003skilled
Iron & steel industry in China
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Iron & steel industry in China
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What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
1980s to the presentOn the other hand,
problems in the
inland areas
discourage industrial
development.
For example,
Far away from
major markets Poor transportnetworks and low
a___________ccessibility
__________
climate
Extreme
_________
relief
Rugged
_________
populationSmall
Mainly
____________
labour
unskilledUneconomical
to exploit the
resources
Iron & steel industry in China
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Iron & steel industry in China
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What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
To conclude
Major locational factors:
1950s
- ________________Raw materials
Main location:- ________________Power resources
- _____________North-east
Iron & steel industry in China
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Iron & steel industry in China
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What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
1950s-1970s
- ________________Raw materials
Main location:
- ________________Power resources
- Shift to ________areas
inland
- ________________Government policy
Major locational factors:
Iron & steel industry in China
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Iron & steel industry in China
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What is the spatial distribution of the ironand steel industry in China?
1980s onwards
- ________________
Main location:
- ________________________________
- Shift to _________regions
coastal
- Increase the locational
pull of _________
Government policy
Technological
markets
advancements
Major locational factors:
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Iron & steel industry in China
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Iron & steel industry in China
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Has there been any industrial inertia inthe iron and steel industry in China?
Are there any other
reasons for Anshan
to remain as one of
the major iron and
steel centres
in China?
Presence of
infrastructure
Goodtransport
Long history of
development
Iron & steel industry in China
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Iron & steel industry in China
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What are the problems of the iron andsteel industry in China?
Iron ore (million tonnes)
Electricity(million tonnes of coal equivalent)
Production Consumption
468336
1,846 1,970
This table shows the
production and consumptionamount of iron ore and
electricity in China in 2004.
What problem
does the iron andsteel industry in
China face?
Problems that the industry faces
Iron & steel industry in China
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o & stee dust y C a
Quit
What are the problems of the iron andsteel industry in China?
Iron ore (million tonnes)
Electricity(million tonnes of coal equivalent)
Production Consumption
468336
1,846 1,970
Problems that the industry faces
There is a __________ of raw materials and electricity.shortage
China is now the largest iron ore importer in the world.
Besides the problem above, transporting raw materialsand finished steel products has also imposed greatpressure on the ________ and __________ sectors.railway shipping
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y
Quit
What are the problems of the iron andsteel industry in China?
Problems caused by the industryEnvironmental problems
produces
Sulphur dioxide
(SO2)
Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
and nitrogen oxides (NOx)
Carbon dioxide
(CO2)
+Water droplets
Smog
+Water vapour
Acid rain
Globalwarming
Iron & steel industry in China
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y
Quit
What are the problems of the iron andsteel industry in China?
Problems caused by the industrySocio-economic problems
______________ of iron and steel works
outdated,medium- and small-scale iron and steel
works
OR
Restructured Restructured
Workers are laid off _________
_________
problems_______________Unemployment
Socio-
economic
Modernization
Iron & steel industry in China
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y
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Iron & steel industry in China
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Exports of steel products in China, 1980-2004
What is the
trend of the
exports of
steel products
in China?
Increasing.
How does this
trend affect the
location of iron
and steel
industry?
The industry
tends to
locate in
coastal
regions.