Iron Age central and northern Europe: Hallstatt, La Tène and the Celts.
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Transcript of Iron Age central and northern Europe: Hallstatt, La Tène and the Celts.
![Page 1: Iron Age central and northern Europe: Hallstatt, La Tène and the Celts.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052410/55168e5f550346a25b8b4deb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Iron Age central and northern Europe:
Hallstatt, La Tène and the Celts
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Sites
Some sites are:
■La Tène, Marin-Epagnier■Bern, Engehalbinsel: oppidum■Jolimont■Manching: oppidum■Mormont■Münsingen, burial field■Petinesca■Basel oppidum■Bibracte, oppidum of the Aedui at Mont Beuvray in Burgundy■Erstfeld hoard■Hochdorf Chieftain's Grave■Bopfingen: Viereckschanze, a characteristic rectangular enclosure■Fellbach-Schmiden, near Stuttgart: Viereckschanze; ritual objects recovered from a well■Kleinaspergle: elite graves of La Tène I■Waldalgesheim: an elite chariot burial, 4th century■Glauberg, oppidum and elite graves■Dürrnberg near Hallein: Burial field and earthworks of late Hallstatt–early La Tène■Donnersberg: oppidum■Vill near Innsbruck: remains of dwellings■Sandberg Celtic city near Platt and Roseldorf in Lower Austria■Vix/Mont Lassois: oppidum and elaborate graves■Titelberg: oppidum in Luxembourg■Reinheim: Tomb of a princess/priestess with burial gifts
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Artifacts
Vix kraterSome outstanding La Tène artifacts are:
■"Strettweg Cart" (7th century BCE), found in southeast Austria, a four-wheeled cart with a goddess, riders with axes and shields, attendants and stags. (Landesmuseum Johanneum, Graz, Austria)
■A woman in Vix (Châtillon-sur-Seine, Burgundy) buried with a 1100 litre (290 gallon) bronze Greek vase, the largest ever found.
■The silver "Gundestrup cauldron" (3rd or 2nd century BCE), found ritually broken in a peat bog near Gundestrup, Denmark, but probably made near the Black Sea, perhaps in Thrace. (National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen)
■"Battersea Shield" (350-50 BCE), found in the Thames, made of bronze with red enamel. (British Museum, London)
■"Witham Shield" (4th century BCE). (British Museum, London) [1] [2]
■"Chertsey Shield (400-200 BCE). (British Museum, London) [3]■"Turoe stone" in Galway, Ireland■Chariot burial found at Waldalgesheim, Bad Kreuznach, Germany, late 4th century BCE. (Bonn: Rheinisches Landesmuseum)■Chariot burial found at La Gorge Meillet (St-Germain-en-Laye: Musée des Antiquités Nationales).■A life-sized sculpture of a warrior that accompanied the Glauberg burials.■A gold-and-bronze model of an oak tree (3rd century BCE) found at the Oppidum of Manching.■Noric steel
[edit]Notes
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Halstatt Culturehttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Hallstatt_culture.png
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Lake Hallstatthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1053_-_Hallst
ätter_See.JPG
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Drawing of Hallstatt grave goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hallstatt_culture_ramsauer.jpg
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Hallstatt bronze ‘tool’http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Rasoir_Acy-Romance.jpg
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Hallstatt amber necklacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Magdalenenberg_collier.jpg
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Hallstatt and La Tene cultureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hallstatt.png
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Hallstatt (yellow) and later La Tène (green) cultures
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hallstatt_LaTene.png
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Glauberg
Archaeological site of Glauberg
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Reconstructed mound 1 at Glauberghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Glauberg_mound1.JPG
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The site and associated burialshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Glauberg_plan.jpg
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Processional route (10m wide)http://www.keltenfuerst.de/index_1.htm
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Reconstruction of the mound and routehttp://www.keltenfuerst.de/index_1.htm
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‘Celtic prince of Glauberg’http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Keltenfürst_Glauberg.jpg
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‘Glauberg Prince’ (186cm)http://www.keltenfuerst.de/index_1.htm
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Sites with rich burialshttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/vixfr.htm#Krater
Hochdorf
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Hochdorf moundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Keltengrabhuegel_Hochdorf.jpg
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The burial moundhttp://home.bawue.de/~wmwerner/hochdorf/ho_hgl.jpg
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How it looked before the burial with workshopshttp://home.bawue.de/~wmwerner/hochdorf/h_grh1.gif
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The timber and log chamberhttp://home.bawue.de/~wmwerner/hochdorf/h_grh4.gif
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Reconstruction of the grave and its contentshttp://home.bawue.de/~wmwerner/hochdorf/h_grh6.gif
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The wagonhttp://home.bawue.de/~wmwerner/hochdorf/wagen_f.html
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Reconstruction of grave of Hochdorf chieftanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hochdorf_keltenmuseum0815.jpg
drinking horns hang on the wall
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Gold decoration of his shoeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hochdorf_golden_shoes_ornaments.jpg
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His dagger with gold foil sheathFile:Hochdorf dagger with gold foil.jpg
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Drinking horn with gold decorationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hochdorf_drinking_horn.jpg
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Sites of rich burialswww2.iath.virginia.edu/.../ Vix/Vix_main.html
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Copy of Hirschlanden warriorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mann_Von_Hirschlanden.jpg
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Glauberg
Archaeological sites around Stuttgart
Stuttgart
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‘Lindele stele’ (123cm)http://www2.iath.virginia.edu/Barbarians/Sites/Hirschlanden/Hirschlanden_main.html
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Statue (162cm) from Stammheimhttp://www2.iath.virginia.edu/Barbarians/Sites/Hirschlanden/Hirschlanden_main.html
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http://aal.au.dk/fileadmin/www.aal.au.dk/globalisering/nyheder_og_stillinger/papers___documents/osen.pdf
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Lake Neuchatelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lac_de_neuchatel.jpg
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The archaeological sitehttp://www.edunet.ch/classes/marin/la_tene.htm
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Hallstatt (yellow) and Celtic (green)http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Celts_in_Europe.png
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Sites with rich burialshttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/vixfr.htm#Krater
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Mont Lassois where Vix Crater was foundhttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/bilder/lassois2.jpg
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Trade routes by land, sea and riverhttp://www.tresordevix.org/history_en.html
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Sites near Vix with rich burialshttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/vixfr.htm#Situation%20g%E9ographique
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Plan of the site with a large building ‘palace’http://www2.cnrs.fr/presse/communique/1160.htm
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Vix craterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cratère_de_Vix_0023.jpg
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Reconstruction of the ‘princess’ tomb’http://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/bilder/grab.jpg
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Vix chariothttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/bilder/karre.jpg
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Her gold torquehttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/bilder/torque2.jpg
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Detail of the torque: winged Pegasushttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/bilder/torque1.jpg
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Gold fibulaehttp://home.bawue.de/~wmwerner/hochdorf/h_fibel1.jpg
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Cup made in Athens found in the gravehttp://www.gzg.fn.bw.schule.de/heunebg/vix/bilder/schale2.jpg
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Celtshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Celts_in_Europe.png