IPv6

View video on IPv6 compared to IPv4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vPeOk1fSHMU

IPv6What is an IPv6 address?

Example: Street that is common to all houses on the street. Basically, everyone on that street is a neighbor. I have other neighbors but they might live on a different street. The most common component of the houses on the street is that they all have a unique house number.

An IPv6 Address is 128 bits long. A mask of /64 following the IP address means the first 64 bits are the network address (like a street name) on the left side. The second half of the 64 bit address represents the host ID (like a house number) on the right.

IPv6The bits on the left represent the network address and will

have the same common set of bits (street name). The bits on the right represent the house number, which will all be unique numbers on the street. The dividing line for the 128 bit string is called, the mask. Most of the time, we will be splitting the network and host bits right down the middle.

IPv6How do we handle a 128 bits number?

We break it up into 8 groups of 16 bits each, with each group being separated by a colon delimiter. The 8 groups allow the large number into a more manageable when evaluated. We will convert the binary into hexadecimal. We work with 4 bits (nibble) groups to determine their value.

IPv6

: 8421 8421 8421 8421 : 8421 8421 8421 8421 : 0010 0000 0000 0001 : 0000 1101 1011 1000 2 0 0 1 0 D B 8 2001 : 0DB8

Numeric conversion:Decimal representation is base 10.Hexadecimal representation is base 16.

IPv6Decimal Binary Hexadecimal0 - 9 1001 0 - 910 1010 A11 1011 B12 1100 C13 1101 D14 1110 E15 1111 F

IPv6How to configure the first router (R1):

R1# configure terminal

R1(config)#interface FastEthernet 0/1

R1(config-if)#description This is the network where Host-A and Host-B reside

R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:0DB8:0021:0111:B123:F322:0002:FF21/64

R1(config-if)#Leading zeros, within each of the 8 groups don’t need to be typed in.

R1(config-if)#The router will recognize the zeros and eliminate them.

R1(config-if)#do show ipv6 interface brief

IPv6FastEthernet0/0 [up/up]

Unassigned

FastEthernet0/1 [up/up]

FE80::C801:CFF:FE3C:6

2001:DB8:21:111:B123:F322:2:FF21

R1(config-if)#

Note: Red colored 64 bits street name. All devices on this street are going to have a common street name.

Blue colored 64 bits represents the unique host address for R1(interface) at Fa0/1.

The FE80::C801:CFF:FE3C:6 represents the link local address.

FastEthernet0/1 set to default configuration( R1 interface). default interface Fa0/1

IPv6What is a Link Local Address?

It is 128 bits long.

Host address portion of the link local address (C801:CFF:FE3C:6) is a Layer 2 address broadcast domain.

Two IPv6 addresses on a single interface.

IPv6One is globally reachable and routable address (2001:DB8:21:111) across the Internet.

The FE80 prefix is automatically configured by default. This is done by enabling IPv6 on the interfaces prior to configuring the routers (R1 and R2). The link local address is only good on the one segment.

R1(config-if)#interface Fa0/0

R1(config-if)#description This is the connection from R1 to R2

R1(config-if)#! Note: When we configure an IPv6 address, it also enables IPv6

R1(config-if)#! For now, we will just enable IPv6 on the Fa0/0 interface.

R1(config-if)# ipv6 enable

R1(config-if)#do show ipv6 interface brief

IPv6R2(config-if)#interface Fa0/0

R2(config-if)#description This is the connection from R2 to R1

R2(config-if)#! Note: When we configure an IPv6 address, it also enables IPv6

R2(config-if)#! For now, we will just enable IPv6 on the Fa0/0 interface.

R2(config-if)# ipv6 enable

R2(config-if)#do show ipv6 interface brief

R1#ping FE80::C802:11FF:FED4:8

R1#show int Fa0/0 inc bia

Output: Hardware is i82543 (Livengood), address is CA01.11D4.0008 (bia CA01.11D4.0008)

IPv6

We know the MAC address is only 48 bits long and we need to create a unique 64 bit host ID.

Flip the 7th bit, and inject FFFE in the middle of the new EUI-64 host ID.

The link local address pulls from the MAC address.

IPv6Can the link local address by hard coded?

Yes

R1# config terminal

R1(config)# int Fa0/0

R1(config-if)# mac

R1(config-if)# mac-address 0000.1111.1111

R1# show ipv6 int brief

Output FE80::200:11FF:FE11:1111

The EndThank you for all you hard work and patients.

Good luck on the final exam