IPv6 at CERN C5 Presentation 7 November 2003
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Transcript of IPv6 at CERN C5 Presentation 7 November 2003
IPv6 at CERNIPv6 at CERNC5 PresentationC5 Presentation
7 November 20037 November 2003
Daniel DavidsDaniel Davids
CERN / ITCERN / IT
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [2]C5 Presentation
SummarySummary
Why IPv6 ?Why IPv6 ? Migration ?Migration ? Internet2 Internet2
LSRLSR
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [3]C5 Presentation
Why IPv6 ?Why IPv6 ?
Shortcomings of IPv4Shortcomings of IPv4
Advantages of IPv6Advantages of IPv6
IPv4 Address Space ExpansionIPv4 Address Space Expansion Header Format Simplification Header Format Simplification
andand Support for Extensions & Support for Extensions &
OptionsOptions Address Auto-ConfigurationAddress Auto-Configuration Designed for P2P MobilityDesigned for P2P Mobility
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [4]C5 Presentation
IPv4 Address Space IPv4 Address Space AllocationAllocation
1981 – IPv4 Published1981 – IPv4 Published
1985 ~ 10% Allocated1985 ~ 10% Allocated
1990 ~ 12% Allocated1990 ~ 12% Allocated
1995 ~ 39% Allocated1995 ~ 39% Allocated
2000 ~ 48% Allocated2000 ~ 48% Allocated
2003 ~ 65% Allocated2003 ~ 65% Allocated
20052005 ~ ~ ??
?? ~ ~ 100%100% Allocated Allocated
0102030405060708090
100
??
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [5]C5 Presentation
RIPE NCC StatementRIPE NCC Statement
IPv4 Address Space: 30 October 2003IPv4 Address Space: 30 October 2003http://www.ripe.net/http://www.ripe.net/
There have been press articles posted over There have been press articles posted over the past year that make statements about the past year that make statements about the remaining pool of IPv4 address space.the remaining pool of IPv4 address space.
A recent article states there is a shortage A recent article states there is a shortage and that Internet Protocol Numbers will and that Internet Protocol Numbers will run out some time in the year 2005.run out some time in the year 2005.
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [6]C5 Presentation
Address Space Address Space ExpansionExpansion
IPv6IPv6
IPv4IPv4 AA BB DDCC128 Class-As of 16,777,216128 Class-As of 16,777,216
16,384 Class-Bs of 65,53616,384 Class-Bs of 65,536
2,097,152 Class-Cs of 2542,097,152 Class-Cs of 254
InterfaceInterface
Total of 18.4 Exa-Subnets of each 18.4 Exa-AddressesTotal of 18.4 Exa-Subnets of each 18.4 Exa-Addresses
36,050 Subnets per Square-Meter of Earth’s Surface36,050 Subnets per Square-Meter of Earth’s Surface
http://www.ripe.net/ripe/docs/ipv6policy.htmlhttp://www.ripe.net/ripe/docs/ipv6policy.html
64641616 161699202033
88 888888
RIRRIR LIRLIR00
00
11
/23/23 /32/32 /48/48
EUEUSub-Sub-
NetsNets
/64/64 /128/128
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [7]C5 Presentation
CERN’s AllocationsCERN’s Allocations CERN’s IPv4 Address RangesCERN’s IPv4 Address Ranges
128.141.0.0/16 & 137.138.0.0/16 This makes roughly 130,000
Addresses
CERN’s IPv6 Address RangeCERN’s IPv6 Address Range 2001:1458::/32 - LIR Since June 2003 This makes roughly 4 Billion Sub-Nets
Item for DiscussionItem for DiscussionWhen does CERN intend to migrate to When does CERN intend to migrate to IPv6? Knowing that their current IPv4 IPv6? Knowing that their current IPv4
address range is currently sufficient and address range is currently sufficient and that the current router infrastructure can that the current router infrastructure can
NOT be upgraded to IPv6!NOT be upgraded to IPv6!
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [8]C5 Presentation
Why IPv6 ?Why IPv6 ?
Shortcomings of IPv4Shortcomings of IPv4
Advantages of IPv6Advantages of IPv6
IPv4 Address Space ExpansionIPv4 Address Space Expansion Header Format Simplification Header Format Simplification
andand Support for Extensions & Support for Extensions &
OptionsOptions Address Auto-ConfigurationAddress Auto-Configuration Designed for P2P MobilityDesigned for P2P Mobility
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [9]C5 Presentation
IPv6 Header & IPv6 Header & OptionsOptions
The IPv6 Header Contains the The IPv6 Header Contains the Mandatory Information FieldsMandatory Information Fields
Version | DiffServ | Flow Label | Payload Length
Next Header | Hop Limit | Source | Destination
Optional Information goes into Optional Information goes into Linked Extension HeadersLinked Extension Headers
Hop-by-Hop | Destination | Routing | Fragment
Authentication | Encapsulating Security Payload
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [10]C5 Presentation
Why IPv6 ?Why IPv6 ?
Shortcomings of IPv4Shortcomings of IPv4
Advantages of IPv6Advantages of IPv6
IPv4 Address Space ExpansionIPv4 Address Space Expansion Header Format Simplification Header Format Simplification
andand Support for Extensions & Support for Extensions &
OptionsOptions Address Auto-ConfigurationAddress Auto-Configuration Designed for P2P MobilityDesigned for P2P Mobility
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [11]C5 Presentation
Address Auto-Address Auto-ConfigurationConfiguration
An Interface can receive an IPv6 An Interface can receive an IPv6 address from each network it seesaddress from each network it sees
Multiple IPv6 Addresses per Interface Uniqueness: Use of Pseudo-MAC Address
MobilityMobility Always use the same IPv6 address Always use the same IPv6 address
regardless of the network it seesregardless of the network it sees It Acquires a Dedicated “Home Address” Use of Source Routing – Efficient in IPv6
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [12]C5 Presentation
SummarySummary
Why IPv6 ?Why IPv6 ? Migration ?Migration ? Internet2 Internet2
LSRLSR
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [13]C5 Presentation
Migration ?Migration ?
Co-Existance 4 & 6Co-Existance 4 & 6 IPv6 in IPv4 IPv6 in IPv4
TunnelsTunnels NAT-PT for IPv6NAT-PT for IPv6 IPv6 Test-BedIPv6 Test-Bed
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [14]C5 Presentation
Co-Existance 4/6Co-Existance 4/6 Co-Existance is no ProblemCo-Existance is no Problem As Long as you Don’t want toAs Long as you Don’t want to
Interact between IPv4 & IPv6Interact between IPv4 & IPv6 Your Work-Station can run BothYour Work-Station can run Both
IPv4/6 Stacks SimultaneouslyIPv4/6 Stacks Simultaneously IPv4/6 has No Impact on IPv4/6 has No Impact on
BridgingBridging Most Recent Backbone RoutersMost Recent Backbone Routers
can Route IPv6 at Wire-Speedcan Route IPv6 at Wire-Speed The Application Needs to DecideThe Application Needs to Decide
if it Wants to Use IPv4 or IPv6if it Wants to Use IPv4 or IPv6
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [15]C5 Presentation
IPv6 in IPv4 TunnelsIPv6 in IPv4 Tunnels
IPv6IPv6
IPv6IPv6
IPv6IPv6
IPv6IPv6
IPv4IPv4
IPv4IPv4
IPv4IPv46in46in4
6in46in4
6in46in4
6in46in4
Border Routers Border Routers Encapsulate IPv6 Encapsulate IPv6 Packets in IPv4 Packets in IPv4
Packets and Send Packets and Send them over the them over the IPv4 Network IPv4 Network
towards the Peer towards the Peer end of the Tunnelend of the Tunnel
Both Ends of the Both Ends of the Tunnel must have Tunnel must have
an IPv4 and an an IPv4 and an IPv6 Address!IPv6 Address!
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [16]C5 Presentation
NAT-PT for IPv6NAT-PT for IPv6
NAT-PT Allows Native IPv6 Hosts to Communicate NAT-PT Allows Native IPv6 Hosts to Communicate with Native IPv4 Hosts, AND VICE VERSA!with Native IPv4 Hosts, AND VICE VERSA!
Constraints: No Security – Not All Applications Work!Constraints: No Security – Not All Applications Work!
Network Address TranslationNetwork Address TranslationProtocol Translation for IPv6Protocol Translation for IPv6
IPv4IPv4 IPv6IPv6
NativeNative
IPv4IPv4
NativeNative
IPv6IPv6
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [17]C5 Presentation
IPv6 Test-BedIPv6 Test-Bed
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [18]C5 Presentation
SummarySummary
Why IPv6 ?Why IPv6 ? Migration ?Migration ? Internet2 Internet2
LSRLSR
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [19]C5 Presentation
Internet2 LSRInternet2 LSR
People InvolvedPeople Involved LSR Contest InfoLSR Contest Info LSR of May 2003LSR of May 2003 LSR of October 2003LSR of October 2003 The DataTAG ProjectThe DataTAG Project
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [20]C5 Presentation
People InvolvedPeople Involved
CERN, Geneva:CERN, Geneva: Olivier Herve MartinOlivier Herve Martin Daniel DavidsDaniel Davids Paolo MoroniPaolo Moroni
DataTAG/CERN:DataTAG/CERN: Edoardo MartelliEdoardo Martelli
CALTECH - US:CALTECH - US: Harvey NewmanHarvey Newman Sylvain RavotSylvain Ravot Dan NaeDan Nae
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [21]C5 Presentation
Internet2 LSR ContestInternet2 LSR Contest
http://lsr.internet2.edu/http://lsr.internet2.edu/
““A minimum of 100 megabytes must be A minimum of 100 megabytes must be transferred a minimum terrestrial distance of transferred a minimum terrestrial distance of 100 kilometers with a minimum of two router 100 kilometers with a minimum of two router
hops in each direction between the source hops in each direction between the source node and the destination node across one or node and the destination node across one or
more operational and production-oriented more operational and production-oriented high-performance research and education high-performance research and education
networks” networks”
““Unit of measurement is bit-meters/secondUnit of measurement is bit-meters/second””
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [22]C5 Presentation
LSR IPv6 of May 2003LSR IPv6 of May 2003
TCP/IPv6 Single StreamTCP/IPv6 Single Stream By CALTECH & CERNBy CALTECH & CERN Established on 3 May 2003 Established on 3 May 2003 7,067 Kilometers of Network7,067 Kilometers of Network 983 Mbits/second - 3600 983 Mbits/second - 3600
secondsseconds Data transferred: 412 Gigabytes Data transferred: 412 Gigabytes 6,947 Terabit-meters/second6,947 Terabit-meters/second
See “See “http://cern.ch/ipv6-lsr/http://cern.ch/ipv6-lsr/””
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [23]C5 Presentation
W02CHIDual
Xeon2.2GHzSysKonnect
GbE
W02GVADual Xeon 2.2GHzSysKonnect GbE
R05CHIJuniper M10
R05GVAJuniper M10
R04CHICisco 7609
R04GVACisco 7606
DataTAG
Alcatel1670
Alcatel1670
1 GE 1 GE
1 GE
1 GE
1 GE
1 GE
STM-16
Chicago - USA Geneva - CH
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [24]C5 Presentation
LSR IPv6 of October LSR IPv6 of October 20032003
TCP/IPv6 Single StreamTCP/IPv6 Single Stream By CERN & CALTECH By CERN & CALTECH Established on 3 November 2003 Established on 3 November 2003 7,067 Kilometers of Network7,067 Kilometers of Network 3,867 Mbits/second – Three Hours3,867 Mbits/second – Three Hours Data transferred: 5,264 Gigabytes Data transferred: 5,264 Gigabytes 27,329 Terabit-meters/second27,329 Terabit-meters/second
SeeSee ““http://cern.ch/emartell/done/datatag/http://cern.ch/emartell/done/datatag/
ipv6_land_speed_record_oct_2003/ipv6_land_speed_record_oct_2003/
ipv6-lsr-20031031.htmlipv6-lsr-20031031.html””
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [25]C5 Presentation
V13CHIDual Xeon 3GHz
Intel PRO/10GbE LR
OPLAPRO27Dual Itanium2 1.5GHzIntel PRO/10GbE LR
R07CHIProcket 8801
R07GVAProcket 8801
DataTAG
10 GE
10 GE
STM-64
Chicago - USA Geneva - CH
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [26]C5 Presentation
Internet2 LSR HistoryInternet2 LSR HistoryTera-bit-meter-per-secondTera-bit-meter-per-second
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
Month Mar-00 Apr-02 Sep-02 Oct-02 Nov-02 Feb-03 May-03 Oct-03 Nov-03 Nov-03
Month
Internet2 landspeed record history(in terabit-meters/second)
IPv4 terabit-meters/second)
IPv6 (terabit-meters/second)
IPv4 IPv4 61.761.7Peta-Peta-bmpsbmps
IPv6 IPv6 27.327.3Peta-Peta-bmpsbmps
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [27]C5 Presentation
Internet2 LSR HistoryInternet2 LSR HistoryGiga-bit-per-secondGiga-bit-per-second
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
Month Mar-00 Apr-02 Sep-02 Oct-02 Nov-02 Feb-03 May-03 Oct-03 Nov-03 Nov-03
Month
Internet2 landspeed record history(in Gigabit/second)
IPv4 (Gb/s)
IPv6 (Gb/s)
For the First Time in theFor the First Time in theWide Area Networking Wide Area Networking
History,History,Throughput Performance was Throughput Performance was
onlyonlyLimited by the Limited by the End-SystemsEnd-Systems
and and NOT by the NOT by the NetworkNetwork!!
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [28]C5 Presentation
The DataTAG ProjectThe DataTAG Project
Research and Technological Development for a Research and Technological Development for a TransAtlantic GRIDTransAtlantic GRID
The goal is to create a large-scale intercontinental testbed for data-The goal is to create a large-scale intercontinental testbed for data-intensive Grids with a focus on “intensive Grids with a focus on “Network ResearchNetwork Research” and “” and “Grid Grid
InteroperabilityInteroperability””
DataTAG-Funded PartnersDataTAG-Funded Partners
PPARC (UK), INRIA (FR), UoA (NL), INFN (IT) & CERN (CH)PPARC (UK), INRIA (FR), UoA (NL), INFN (IT) & CERN (CH)
Test-bedTest-bed
Transatlantic STM-16 & STM-64Transatlantic STM-16 & STM-64
between Geneva (CERN) and Chicago (StarLight)between Geneva (CERN) and Chicago (StarLight)
See “http://www.datatag.org/”See “http://www.datatag.org/”
7 November 2003Daniel Davids /
CERN [29]C5 Presentation
ConclusionsConclusions
IPv6 Works – but the World is NOT Ready YetIPv6 Works – but the World is NOT Ready Yet Migration to a IPv6-Only World will Take LongMigration to a IPv6-Only World will Take Long The Advantages of IPv6 are Considerable!The Advantages of IPv6 are Considerable!
Thank You For your Thank You For your AttentionAttention
Questions / Questions / DiscussionDiscussion