IPv6 and GNS3(Draft v 1.4)
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Transcript of IPv6 and GNS3(Draft v 1.4)
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IPv6 network in GNS3
OLT KBO SNYERS Frdric
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Outline
Introduction IPv6
IPv6 Addressing
Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) GNS3 Setup
GNS3 Connectivity
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Introduction to IPv6
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Introduction IPv6 Shortcomings IPv4:
Limited address space (IPv4 32-bit -> IPv6 128-bit) Forces using of NAT | Private and public addresses
Address configuration issues Need for DHCP
IPsec was later addition to IP
Large routing tables
QOS is limited
Advantages IPv6 Larger address space
Stateless and stateful address Autoconfiguration is possible (NO DHCP needed)
Built-in security of IPsec
Better QOS support (more fields reserved)
Improved Host and Router Discovery (NDP)
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Conclusion
Easier management of networks
Auto configuration (no DHCP required)
End-to-end connective integrity
Direct addressing (no NAT required)
Unconstrained address abundance
128 bit addresses
Security Features
Built in IPsec
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IPv6 Addressing
128-bit addresses
Auto configuration requires 64bit (interface
ID) -> based on MAC-address (48bit)
! Privacy concern (no NAT) ! -> privacy
extension added
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IPv6 Addressing
3 Types of addressing:
Unicast (one to one)
Anycast (one to nearest of group)
Think of DNS-servers
Manually group configuration
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IPv6 Addressing Multicast:
FF ::
Group ID=1 : Nodes
Group ID=2 : Routers
Group ID=5 : OSPFv3 Routers
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IPv6 Addressing
Solicited-node multicast address (SNMA) Type of anycast
Used for L2 address resolution -> Neighbor solicitation
Duplicate Address Detection Send to proposed SNMA
If no answer -> address is free.
FF02::1:FFXX:XXXX
Multicast Scope-ID Solicited-node Last 24-bits of IPv6 address
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IPv6 Addressing
Interface-ID:
Automatically (EUI-64) -> based on MAC (GUA)
DHCPv6 -> attributed
Random (private)
Manually (statefull)
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Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP)
Functionalities
Router and subnet discovery
Address auto-configuration
L2 L3 Address resolution => NO ARP
Neighbor unreachability detection
Duplicate address detection
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Router Solicitation message
Every node can request all routers on local link by
sending RS messages. Need of network information
Source: LLA
Destination: Router Multicast (ff02::2)
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Router Advertisement message
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Router Advertisement
S: LLA
D: Node Multicast
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Neighbor Solicitation | Advertisement message:
L2L3 address resolution (ARP replacement)
Duplicate Address Detection
Host availability check
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Neighbor Solicitation message:
Source: LLA (L2L3) or unspecified (stateless
conf)
Destination: unicast or SNMA
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Neighbor Solicitation
S: not applicable
D: SNMA
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Neighbor Advertisement
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Neighbor Redirect Message
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GNS3 Setup
Topology
3 cisco c7200 routers (3 fe interfaces), 2 Ethernet
switches and 2 Ubuntu 14.04 clients
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GNS3 Setup
Subnetting:
Addressing Automatic eui-64 addressing on all nodes and
interfaces.
f0/0 f0/1 f1/0 Router-ID
R1 2014:1:1:1221/64 2014:1:1:1331/64 2014:2:2:A/64 1.1.1.1
R2 2014:1:1:1221/64 2014:1:1:2332/64 2014:2:2:A/64 2.2.2.2
R3 2014:1:1:1331/64 2014:1:1:2332/64 2014:2:2:B/64 3.3.3.3
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GNS3 Setup
Host configuration
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GNS3 Setup
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GNS3 Setup
Routing:
OSPFv3 (IPv6 based) with router-id (Ipv4)
Only 1 area is considered (small network)
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GNS3 Connectivity
Ping:
Host B
Host A
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References
Cisco 7200 Series Port Adapter Hardware ConfigurationGuidelines, Bandwidth Points Documentation
IPv6 Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS Release 15.2MT
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Problems, Joel Jaeggli
What are the limitations of IPv4, What is IPv6, BoscoEduardo Fernandes
RFC 4861: Neighbor Discovery for IPv6
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Messages, Lawrence Hughes
Types and Categories of IPv6 Addresses, TCP/IP UsersGuide, SC24-6127-04