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Transcript of IPM in NRCS Programs Joe Bagdon ([email protected]) USDA - NRCS National Water & Climate...
IPM in NRCS Programs
Joe Bagdon ([email protected])
USDA - NRCS National Water & Climate CenterAmherst, Massachusetts
NRCS Pest Management Primary NRCS roles:• Evaluate site-specific environmental risks– “SWAPA+H”
• Plan appropriate mitigation techniques– IPM and other management techniques
• Including pesticide application rate, method & timing
–Conservation Practices• Including Residue Mgt., Irrigation Water Mgt. & Buffers
• Help support the adoption of IPM–Available IPM is required by the NRCS Pest Management
(595) standard - “PAMS”
Pest Management Environmental Risk Analysis
Biological control risks? Cultural control risks?• Erosion & soil quality impacts (tillage)
Pesticide control risks?• Direct impacts
–Applicator safety–Worker protection–Beneficials (including pollinators)–Wildlife (in the field)
Pest Management Environmental Risk Analysis
Pesticide control risks?• Indirect impacts–Soil quality - leaching to soil microorganisms–Air quality - drift and volatilization–Water quality - runoff and leaching
• Windows Pesticide Screening Tool (WIN-PST)– Human drinking water– Fish habitat
Basic Mitigation Categories:
1. Reduce quantity of pesticide applied (IPM)
2. Utilize less hazardous pesticides (IPM)
3. Prevent pesticide from moving away from point of efficacy in the field (IPM)
4. Prevent pesticide from leaving the field - bottom of root zone - edge of field (Conservation Practices)
NRCS Pest Management
Applying the NRCS Pest Management Standard (595) means that:• Environmental risks are evaluated for natural
resource concerns (WIN-PST)• Appropriate mitigation (including IPM) is
included in the conservation plan to meet Field Office Technical Guide quality criteria
• Pest management is integrated with other components of the conservation plan
NRCS Pest Management Applying the 595 standard helps:• Producers get credit for their mitigation–Many practices are already in place!–Environmental benefits of IPM are recognized!
• Justify USDA program payments• Reduce the regulatory burden• Conserve natural resources!
NRCS Programs
Environmental Quality Incentives Program• Most challenged resources get first priority • Incentives to try new practices (3 year limit)• Conservation Innovation Grants
Conservation Security Program• To maintain and enhance natural resources• Rewards the best farmers and ranchers who are
meeting the highest standards of conservation and environmental management on their operations
Conservation Security Program
Tiered structure for contract payments• Tier I, Tier II, Tier III
– More conservation equals more contract dollars
• Multiple payment components– Annual stewardship component for base level treatment– Annual existing practice component – maintenance– Enhancement component - exceptional conservation
effort and additional practices beyond the minimum – One-time new practice component
Conservation Security Program
“Enhancement activities” include:• Exceeding the requirements of a participation tier• Improving a priority resource • Participating in an on-farm conservation research,
demonstration, or pilot project• Gaining the cooperation of at least 75% of the
producers in a targeted watershed• Assessment and evaluation activities like water
quality sampling
Conservation Security Program
Level 1 Enhancement:• Apply more mitigation than required
Level 2 Enhancement:• Use only “Low” hazard alternatives
Level 3 Enhancement:• Use “High Intensity” IPM Systems
– Focus on pest prevention and avoidance– Utilize low risk biological controls and pheromones– Judicious use of other low risk suppression techniques
only when monitoring indicates action threshold exceeded– Sustainable Ag and Certified Organic practices OK– IPM specifications for high intensity system will be state
and commodity specific so they must be developed in cooperation with local IPM specialists
“Enhancement Activities” FY04 CSP - Pest Management
Agrichemical Handling Facility (Interim) Alley Cropping Conservation Crop Rotation to break pest
cycles and decrease pest pressure Establish Filter Strips or Riparian Buffers Incorporate pesticides with tillage or irrigation
water to reduce runoff potential Increase area of Constructed Wetland to trap
runoff and drainage flow)
“Enhancement Activities” FY04 CSP - Pest Management
Reduce pesticide application by using low rates, spot treatment, banding etc.
Substitute non-chemical control methods Use pesticide formulations/adjuvants that
reduce drift Use 2 crop types in 3 years Use 3 crop types in 4 years Use beneficial insect control
“Enhancement Activities” FY04 CSP - Pest Management
Use only pesticides with WIN-PST hazard ratings of “Low” or “Very Low”
Utilize GPS technology for banding and spot treatment of pesticides
Utilize only pesticide application equipment such as: Hooded sprayer, direct injection sprayer, GPS guided sprayer, band applications, spot treatments
Utilize organic pesticide management
“Enhancement Activities” FY04 CSP - Pest Management
Utilize pesticides which have a WIN-PST Soil/Pesticide Interaction Loss Potential and Hazard Rating of “Low” or “Very Low”
Develop refuge habitat for beneficial insects, use pheromones, etc.
FY04 CSP
FY 2004• 2,200 participants • $41 million• 1.9 million privately-owned acres• 18 watersheds in 22 states• 37% Tier I ($20K max)• 40% Tier II ($35K max)• 23% Tier III ($45K max)
FY 2005• Greatly expanded nationwide based on funding?
Suggestions
Have strong IPM representation on NRCS State Technical Committees
Offer to help NRCS with the state-specific versions of their conservation practice standards for Pest Management (595)• IPM by commodity• IPM principles - PAMS
Focus on the primary goals of NRCS programs - reducing non-point source pollution to protect water, air and soil quality, and IPM should get its share of the pie!