IPC Notes Parts of an Equation Types of Reactions.
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IPC Notes IPC Notes Parts of an Parts of an Equation Equation Types of Reactions Types of Reactions
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Transcript of IPC Notes Parts of an Equation Types of Reactions.
IPC NotesIPC NotesParts of an EquationParts of an Equation
Types of ReactionsTypes of Reactions
What is a chemical reaction?What is a chemical reaction?
A chemical reaction is the A chemical reaction is the act of changing substances act of changing substances into new substances. into new substances.
The products of the reaction The products of the reaction have different chemical have different chemical and physical properties.and physical properties.
A Chemical EquationA Chemical Equation
Instead of writing down Instead of writing down the entire sentence the entire sentence “hydrogen reacts with “hydrogen reacts with oxygen to form oxygen to form dihydrogen monoxide dihydrogen monoxide (water)”, you could write (water)”, you could write the chemical equation.the chemical equation.
2H2 + O22H2O
REACTANTS → PRODUCTS
5 Parts of a Reaction
reactants – the substances that exist before a reaction takes place; found on the left side of the equation
5 Parts of a Reaction
products – the substances that exist after a reaction takes place; found on the right side of the equation
5 Parts of a Reaction
subscripts – show the number of atoms in a chemical formula
ex) H2O
5 Parts of a Reaction
coefficients – show the number of formula units in an equation
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
5 Parts of a Reaction
yield sign – the arrow that separates the reactants from the products
Other Symbols in an Equation
(s) = substance is solid(l) = substance is liquid(g) = substance is a gas(aq) = substance is
dissolved in water
Other Symbols in an Equation
= heat
A formula written above or below an arrow means it is a catalyst (a substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up by it.)
Types of Reactions
There are 5 types of reactions
–Synthesis
–Decomposition
–Single replacement
–Double replacement
–Combustion
Synthesis Reaction
A synthesis reaction occurs when two or more reactants combine to form a single product.
It will follow the form:
A + B AB
Example: Fe + S FeS
Decomposition Reaction
A decomposition reaction occurs when one reactant breaks down into two or more products.
It will follow the form:
AB A + B
Example: CaCO3CaO+CO2
Single Replacement Reaction
One element replaces another element in a compound.
Generally follows the form:
AB + C A + BC
Example:
Mg+Zn(NO3)2Zn+Mg(NO3)2
Double Replacement Reaction
Two compounds create two new compounds as the product.
Generally follows the formula: AB + CD AD + CB
Example:
Na2S+Cd(NO3)2CdS+2NaNO3
Combustion Reaction
A compound reacts with oxygen producing energy in the form of heat and light.
Usually, it is a hydrocarbon reacting with oxygen, and the outcome is always carbon dioxide and water.
Combustion Reaction
Follows the form:
A + O2 CO2 + H2O
Example:
CH4 + O2 CO2 + 2H2O
2Na + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2
Single Replacement
Fe + S FeS
Synthesis
Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl AlCl3 + 3NaOH
Double Replacement
2PbO2 2PbO + 3O2
Decomposition
Ba(CN)2 + H2SO4 BaSO4 + HCN
Double Replacement
C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O
Combustion
4Li + O2 2Li2O
Synthesis
2Ag + 2HCl 2AgCl + H2
Single Replacement
2H2O2 2H2O + O2
Decomposition
C2H2 + O2 CO2 + H2O
Combustion
2HBr H2 + Br2
Decomposition
CrSO4 + 2AgNO3 Cr(NO3)2 + Ag2SO4
Double Replacement
