IoT Based Real Time Traffic Monitoring and Control System ...IoT Based Real Time Traffic Monitoring...

IoT Based Real Time Traffic Monitoring and

Control System for Smart Cities

N. Bharani Dharan

UG Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,

Shri Krishnaa College of Engineering & Technology, Mannadipet, Pondicherry, India.

[email protected]

S. Dharani Prakash

UG Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,


[email protected]

S. Seenuvasamurthi

Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,


[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Internet of Things (IoT) is an environment where the objects, animals or people are

provided with unique identifiers. It has the ability to transfer data over a network without

requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. The IoT allows objects to be

sensed and/or controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure, creating opportunities

for more direct integration of the physical world into computer-based systems and resulting in

improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit. This paper focuses on reviewing the RFID

and Sensor based technologies that are implemented in Smart Traffic System (STS) which

concentrating only on traffic density management in the traffic scenarios and not meant for the

emergency situations. Also this paper proposes an innovative approach on Traffic management

with the help of the integration of IoT and smart phone applications including the Geo Fencing.

Key Words-- Internet of Things, IoT based traffic system, RFID, Smart Traffic System (STS),

Geo Fencing.

IAETSD JOURNAL FOR ADVANCED RESEARCH IN APPLIED SCIENCES

VOLUME 5, ISSUE 4, APRIL/2018

ISSN NO: 2394-8442

http://iaetsdjaras.org/295

INTRODUCTION

Traffic congestion is a growing problem worldwide causing time and fuel waste,

pollution and even stress. Everybody is impatient to reach their destination in minimal time. The

problem becomes really severe when any VIP enters to the city. All the traffic is stopped

suddenly and huge resources of police and public are used. Managing these situations especially

when it is a metropolitan city is a tough nut to crack. In Indian road-traffic, the problems like

congestion, unpredictable travel time are taking a serious shape which is also chaotic and noisy

and it becomes worse when the traffic is made at halt for even few minutes. Many kilometers of

traffic jams takes places within few minutes.

Various approaches have been proposed to reduce traffic jams but rarely some systems

are available to control the traffic from a central control system in case of emergency like

Ambulance movement in emergency. For example, the Heart movement from one hospital to

other hospital in Chennai for which the 12 signals are completely halt by the traffic police

represented in Fig.1, Natural Calamity, VIP arrival, terrorist attacks etc. Recently, several

researches are started by state governments after the announcement of smart city concept to

employ real time vehicle navigation and internet based traffic control technology which is prime

domain of our project. In this work, we present a low cost innovative technology for control

center connected smart traffic signal system using IoT modem.

Fig.1: Chennai halts traffic to save life

PROPOSED APPROACH

Our work is direct implementable system which can be readily implemented if permitted by

transport authorities. Most advanced Real-time Networking system in present time i.e. IoT is

used to guarantee the service. Real time modification, navigation, tracking and control are



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possible from a single control unit run by an individual. Most of the parts used are software

based so overhead cost of implementation will be low.

The proposed system deals about the domain of Vehicle to Internet of Things ‘V2IoT’. It

is hybrid domain dealing with dynamic location and static control. It uses the techniques and

concepts of the Internet of Things to improve Intelligent Transport System (ITS) and the

vehicular communications, the V2V and the V2I systems within smart cities.

The limitations observed in the previous attempts have major impacts in the design and

implementation of Smart Traffic Systems. To provide a solution for traffic management to the

Society, we turn onto the IoT with Smart Phone Application (SPA) for the IUT in our Country

with large population in Emergency management.

WORKING DIAGRAM

Fig.2: Working diagram of Proposed Work

The above Fig.2 illustrates the Working diagram of our proposed work. The vehicle unit

consists of the GPS navigation in it. The location report will be immediately uploaded to the

server. The location tracking is thus made easy to track and also to prevent the misuse of this

system. The Internet connection between the Control center and the traffic system enables the

user to transmit the control signal to the receiver. The ULN 2003 decodes the information into

the machine language and control the signal.



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FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM

Fig.3: Block Diagram of Proposed work

The above Fig.3 represents the simple Block diagram of the entire unit of our proposed

work for the better understanding of the system design. The power supply provided to the system

is of 12V and 750mA, which will be provided by the step-down transformer of 12V and 1A in

our hardware design unit. The Voltage regulator is IC7812 that can supply a pure 12V in its

output side to drive the ULN 2003 module to switch the traffic signals with the help of relays.

The 4*4 channel relay can be able to control 4 I/O devices by its own. The input to the relay is

just 5V to energize the inductor coil inside it. This also provided from the output of the IoT

board, when the command ON is sent to it from the server. Here, the 6 Data Pins are used to



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control the Complete 2 set of traffic signals. But, in every instant we are just going to send only 2

Bits to make a signal RED and other signal GREEN.

IOT BOARD IMAGE

Fig.4: Photographic Image of the IoT board

Features

Power Supply: DC +12v 1Amp.

Auto data updating: 30sec

Digital Output port Pins: +5V DC

Message Format: *message or Data # (Start with * and End with #)

Provided with 2 links

o Data updating to a specific web site

o Device controlling web site



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Using this module, shown in Fig.4 we can connect traffic signal unit to control center

without using any wired cabling system to reduce the chance of failure. The system should be

strong enough to provide at least 256 KB/S speed of internet connectivity to provide efficient

operation. It can be established using 2G Sim or Wi-Fi Modem both are acceptable. But, moving

on to the higher generation may reduce the delay.

TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROL MODULE (ULN-2003)

It is also called as relay drive to control the lights on traffic signal. A Relay driver IC is

an electro-magnetic switch that will be used whenever we want to use a low voltage circuit to

switch a light bulb ON and OFF which is connected to 220V mains supply shown in Fig.5. The

required current to run the relay coil is more than can be supplied by various integrated circuits

like Op-Amp, etc. Relays have unique properties and are replaced with solid state switches that

are strong than solid-state devices. High current capacities, capability to stand ESD and drive

circuit isolation are the unique properties of Relays. It can be used to switch the 240V lamp with

the help of the 5V power supply from the data output pins.

Fig.5: Internal Circuit diagram of ULN 2003



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ONLINE CONTROL WEBPAGE

The IoT system can be controlled from the remote location by the Online Web page,

specially created for controlling the system. Fig.6 shows the model of the Online Web page that

can be used to control the traffic lights in our proposed work. It can control the traffic system by

sending the commands through the internet to the receiver.

Fig.6: Online Control Web page to control Traffic Signal

Here, the IoT board consists of the 8 bit Data I/O pins and so it is provided with

the 8 switches to control the 8 separate devices connected to this board. This will helps for the

better operation of the system by controlling 2 traffic signals with 6 switches dedicated to them,

while the remaining 2 switches can be used for the purpose of the Alarm units.



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OUTPUT SCREENSHOTS

Hardware Snaps

Fig.7: Hardware Image

PASSWORD PROTECTION

Fig.8: Password Protection for Security



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CONCLUSION

There is no operating bandwidth limitation and it can be able to suits for any generation

of the communication systems by the incorporation of the Wi-Fi facility. This can be used from

the 2G communication to the upcoming 5G technologies. The increase in the operating

bandwidth will results in the high speed data transfer between the systems. This will be useful in

the reduced range with high speed of traffic switching in the very minimal time. Thus we created

a system of online traffic control system for smart cities. The system is real-time implementable.

FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

In future, the Smart Phone Application and GPS can be upgraded to the highest possible

level of accuracy of 1meter. In this situation, the accuracy will be more and also the even better

management can also be done (e.g. IRNSS). It can able to develop advance in future. This will

leads to the saving of human lives in an enormous accident with our IoT - A perfect IUT system

in the upgrading Smart Cities. Thus we create the system of online traffic system control using

IoT modem with network connectivity.

Online tracing of the vehicles and control of traffic signals are possible using the project.

We use SIM based IoT modem because on traffic signals Wi-Fi access is not possible every time

especially in countryside areas. The system is directly implementable and real time. If the

transport authorities permit it can be implementable in real time. Real-time navigation and online

controls are the two main features of our project.

It can be implemented for smart cities for VIP arrival, for ambulances, police vehicles

and fire brigade. It also has the live chatting feature to alert the user in case of emergency. Real-

time location tracking and track record are the improved features.

Future enhancement is possible to control the vehicles as well as the traffic signals so if

some robbery or kidnapping happens. Police can stop any vehicles from remote location without

chasing and damaging public property and life and also not disturbing the traffic, that’s of

important thing in our work.



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CHAPTER 8

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Bharani Dharan.N was born in Villupuram, Tamil Nadu, India on 12

June 1996. He received his Graduate Degree in Electronics and

Communication Engineering from Shri Krishnaa College of Engineering

and Technology, Pondicherry in 2018.

Dharani Prakash.S was born in Pondicherry, India on 28 June 1997. He

received his Graduate Degree in Electronics and Communication

Engineering from Shri Krishnaa College of Engineering and

Technology, Pondicherry in 2018.

Mr.S.Seenuvasamurthi (Ph.D) was born in Pondicherry, India on 25

March 1981. He is currently working as Assistant Professor for the

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering in Shri

Krishnaa College of Engineering and Technology, Pondicherry. He had

published many papers during the period of working and also had given

many guest lectures.



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IoT Based Real Time Traffic Monitoring and Control System ...IoT Based Real Time Traffic Monitoring...

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